Misplaced Pages

#153846

32-677: S-101 was an S-class submarine of the Soviet Navy . Her keel was laid down in Gorkiy on 20 June 1937. She was launched on 20 April 1938 and commissioned on 15 December 1940 in the Northern Fleet. S-101 served in Northern Fleet; the most notable success of this boat was the torpedoing and sinking of German U-boat U-639 in the Kara Sea . S-101 was awarded with Order of the Red Banner because of

64-524: A 16% stake in Baltic Shipyard. Nowadays the shipyard manufactures warships, large tonnage cargo and ice-class vessels. As of 2021, it employs more than 6000 people. It has built more than 600 vessels. In 2011 the shipyard came under control of JSC United Shipbuilding Corporation (USC), its vice-president Valery Venkov took the CEO post. In the mid-2010s the shipyard launched a series of Project 22220 ,

96-581: A balancing tank and a quick dive tank were placed in the light hull. Trimming tanks were inside the pressure hull. Ballast tanks were emptied by pressurized air or engines exhaust, thus removing the need for ballast pumps. The boats were powered by two MAN М6V49/48 four-stroke atmospheric reversive diesels (2000 hp each at 465 rev/min) that drove two fixed pitch propellers together with two Electrosila PG-72/35 electric motors (550 hp at 275 rev/min), connecting by BAMAG (Berlin-Anhaltische Maschinenbau AG) type friction clutches . Delivery of

128-810: A museum ship and is on display in Vladivostok . Many minor improvements were introduced in this series, mostly to reduce cost and production time. Welding started to be implemented in building the pressure hull as well. A major redesign of the series was started in the early 1940s, including new engines, increased torpedo load and an all-welded pressure hull, but war interrupted the work and all six boats of first series were scuttled soon after laying down. Two submarines of this class, S-52 and S-53 , along with two Soviet M-class submarines , and two Shchuka -class submarines (under lease, S-121 and S-123 ) were handed to People's Liberation Army Navy in June 1954, thus becoming

160-686: Is one of the oldest shipyards in Russia and is part of United Shipbuilding Corporation today. It is located in Saint Petersburg in the south-western part of Vasilievsky Island . It is one of the three shipyards active in Saint Petersburg. Together with the Admiralty Shipyard it has been responsible for building many Imperial Russian battleships as well as Soviet nuclear-powered icebreakers . Currently it specializes in merchant ships while

192-854: The Leninets type , but it was never featured in any official documents. The E-1 boat was eventually sold to Turkey in 1935, and was a prototype for Germany's own boats of Type I . This design was later improved to become the famous Type VII and Type IX U-boats of the Kriegsmarine . Five navy yards were employed in series production of the class, three in Leningrad (#189, #194 and #196), one in Mykolaiv (#198) and one in Gorky (#112). Boats for Pacific Fleet were assembled from prefabricated sections, delivered by railroad, in Vladivostok 's plant #202. The first boat

224-639: The British U-class submarines , the German Type VII submarines and the Italian Acciaio -class submarine ). The vessels were equipped with six torpedo tubes (four bow and two stern ) of 533 mm (21 in) caliber. Six spare torpedoes could be stored in the racks of the bow torpedo compartment, so the complete load was 12 torpedoes. Usually 53-38 torpedoes were used, as the high-speed 53-39 torpedoes were available only in limited numbers, and

256-499: The superstructure and extremities for improved seaworthiness. The sail was medium-sized and oval in plane, to reduce water drag. It housed the conning tower , the bridge , periscope fairings and a 45 mm (1.77 in) anti-aircraft gun. A net cutter was fitted atop the bow. The hull was separated into seven compartments, three of which were able to withstand 10  atm pressure. Nine main ballast tanks , separated into three groups (4 bow, 2 stern, 3 midships), together with

288-654: The Admiralty yard specializes in diesel-electric submarines . In addition, it is responsible for construction of Russian floating nuclear power stations . The shipyard was founded in 1856 by the St. Petersburg merchant M. Carr and the Scotsman Murdoch. L. MacPherson. It subsequently became the Carr and MacPherson yard. In 1864 it built two monitors of the Uragan class . In 1874 the shipyard

320-599: The German Weimar Republic was forbidden under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles to have submarines or build them in its own yards. Germany circumvented this restriction by creating various subsidiaries of their shipbuilding and design companies in third countries. One of these proxies, the Netherlands -based NV Ingenieurskantoor voor Scheepsbouw (IvS), a subsidiary of Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau AG - AG Weser ,

352-788: The IvS office in The Hague , as well as the Bremen office of Deschimag , and then attended the completed boat's trials in Cartagena . Echevarrieta's imprisonment for his connection with the October 1934 Revolution made the Spanish Navy lose any interest in the submarine, which was finally sold to the Turkish Navy in 1935, in which it served until 1947 under the name of Gür . Despite several problems encountered during

SECTION 10

#1732870203154

384-496: The Mykolaiv yard before the city was captured by Germans, and S-27 to S-30 , S-45 and S-47 , frozen during the war, were not completed after it, as their design was considered already obsolete. These boats were generally scrapped; S-27 's hull was eventually utilized for a workshop ship. There existed three series-produced variations, differing mostly in their equipment. The first series utilized German engines and batteries, while

416-407: The battery compartment, freeing space for the crew. The electrical system omitted the complicated layout common on earlier Soviet designs, and was simple and reliable. All connections were insulated and the bulkhead feedthroughs were designed to withstand the same pressure as the bulkheads themselves. It had better maneuverability than other smaller Soviet, German, British and Italian submarines (e.g.

448-450: The boat's trials, the design was considered satisfactory and the Soviet government bought it, with the condition Deschimag make the suggested improvements and assist with the building of several prototypes, which it did. The modifications resulted in a significant reworking of the project, redesignated E-2. Blueprints were received from Germany at the end of 1933 and on August 14, 1934, the design

480-401: The boats were commissioned into the Soviet Navy . The third boat, while still using other German machinery, was powered by Soviet-made diesels, due to delays in delivery of originally intended ones. However, adaptation to significantly different domestic engines required significant redesigns that slowed construction. These modifications were later included into the official blueprints and were

512-617: The design was reworked slightly to use only domestically produced equipment. The result of this modification was the IX- bis series and went to mass production in 1936. Initially the first prototypes received the official designations N-1, N-2, and N-3 ( Nemetskaya , "German") but in October 1937 they were re-designated S-x ( Srednyaya , "Medium"). In the West, the class was much more widely known for its nickname, Stalinets , coined with reference to earlier boats of

544-466: The electric ET-80 torpedoes were unreliable and the crews did not like them. It was also possible to launch mines through the torpedo tubes. No torpedo automation was installed, and all shooting was manual. The stern tubes had an interesting feature: instead of the usual doors, they were closed by a special rotating cylinder that streamlined the contour of the stern when the tubes were not in use. A 45 mm (1.77 in) semi-automatic anti-aircraft gun

576-407: The engines for the third boat was constantly delayed and eventually it was equipped with domestically produced ones. For underwater propulsion energy was supplied by 124 APA 38-MAK-760 accumulators, equipped with K-5 hydrogen burners. The batteries lacked the traditional central walkway, instead using special service trolleys suspended from the deckhead. This design significantly decreased the height of

608-636: The foundation of the later, completely domestically build production series. These series were produced for all four fleets, with boats for Baltic , Northern , and Pacific Fleets being built in Leningrad , Black Sea Fleet boats in Mykolaiv , and some boats for Baltic and North in Gorky . During the war, the former riverboat production yard #638 in Astrakhan was employed for the completion of several boats constructed in Leningrad and Gorky. Several boats were not completed: S-36 , S-37 and S-38 were scuttled in

640-633: The foundation of the submarine force of the People's Republic of China . Two more S-class submarines, S-24 and S-25 , were sold to China a few years later. Those purchased by China received new names, but the two leased Shchuka -class submarines did not. S-52 , S-53 , S-24 and S-25 were renamed in China . They are respectively : Baltic Shipyard The OJSC Baltic Shipyard ( Baltiysky Zavod , formerly Shipyard 189 named after Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze ) ( Russian : Балтийский завод имени С. Орджоникидзе )

672-598: The largest and most powerful nuclear-powered ice-breakers designed to ensure year-round navigation in the western Arctic. In June 2016, nuclear icebreaker Arktika was launched. On September 22, 2017, Sibir was floated out. On May 25, 2019, the 173 metre-long nuclear-powered arctic ice breaker Ural had its ceremonial launch. The technical laying of the fourth vessel, named Yakutia , took place on May 26, 2020. 59°55′53″N 30°15′29″E  /  59.93139°N 30.25806°E  / 59.93139; 30.25806 This Russian corporation or company article

SECTION 20

#1732870203154

704-609: The manufacturer's designation of submarino E-1 , since no navy had yet commissioned the ship. The government of the Second Spanish Republic showed a clear preference for British submarine designs. Designers and builders then went to offer the design and the boat for sale to return their cost. Soviet engineers, among others, visited the yard in 1932 and were generally satisfied with the design, but suggested several modifications and improvements, in expectation of future local production. Another group of engineers went next year to

736-451: The second was produced with domestic machinery. The third series introduced further improvements aimed mostly at lowering production cost and time, and the fourth series, albeit planned, was canceled due to the beginning of the war. Only three ships were built in this group, S-1 , S-2 and S-3 , using partially German-supplied machinery. The boats were of semi-double hull type, with riveted pressure hull and welded light hull sections in

768-619: The success. Soviet S-class submarine The history of the S class represents a turn in warship development. It was a result of international collaboration between Soviet and German engineers that resulted in two different (but nevertheless related) classes of submarines often pitted against each other in the war. In the early 1930s the Soviet government started a massive program of general rearmament, including naval expansion. Submarines were one key point of this program, but currently available types did not completely satisfy naval authorities. The recently developed Shchuka -class submarine

800-402: Was completed in the beginning of December 1935, and made her first dive on December 15. Next August both first boats entered official trials, and while several requirements were not met (for example, speed was 0.5 knots (0.93 km/h; 0.58 mph) lower than the specified 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph)}) and there were some technical difficulties, the project was considered successful and

832-487: Was developing a submarine that matched Soviet requirements. The Spanish government, during General Primo de Rivera 's dictatorship, showed interest in obtaining such a submarine for the Spanish Navy . Several German naval officers (including Wilhelm Canaris ) visited Spain and struck a deal with a Spanish businessman, Horacio Echevarrieta . A single submarine was built in 1929–1930, and was tested at sea early in 1931, under

864-450: Was mounted on the conning tower, and a 100 mm (3.9 in) gun on the deck for surface combat. Observation and communication equipment was somewhat less than top-level, but generally adequate. The boats were equipped with two periscopes , observation PZ-7.5 and targeting PA-7.5, mounted very close to each other and reports existed of difficulties in using them simultaneously. Several radios were installed. The Mars-12 microphone system

896-524: Was officially approved for production, designated IX series. Construction of the first two prototypes commenced in December 1934 at the Baltic Shipyard ( Baltiysky zavod ) in Leningrad , using partially German equipment. In April 1935, the third prototype was laid down as well. By the time the third prototype was started, it became obvious building the boats with foreign equipment would be too expensive, so

928-570: Was primary an underwater sensor, and an underwater communication system was also installed on all boats. No radars were installed on any series of the type. Instead of German engines, domestically produced 1D turbo-diesels were installed. Unlike their foreign counterparts, they had (for the same power) slightly higher speeds and were non-reversible. To accommodate turbocompressors and other additional systems, exhaust manifolds were enlarged and various subsystems completely redesigned. In addition, domestically produced batteries were used. The open bridge

960-419: Was redesigned after requests from the crews, returning to traditional closed type. Later in the war boats were equipped with a Burun-M radio director , and the radios received an upgrade. Some boats were also equipped with periscope aerials, allowing the use of radio at periscope depths, and an ASDIC was mounted on most of the boats, significantly increasing patrolling and fire efficiency. S-56 survives as

992-506: Was satisfactory, but it was designed specifically for shallow Baltic Sea service and lacked true ocean-going capabilities. The larger boats of the Soviet Navy were quickly becoming obsolete. As a result, the government commissioned several engineers to search for a suitable design for a medium-sized ocean-going submarine, and this search soon brought success. After its defeat in World War I ,

Soviet submarine S-101 - Misplaced Pages Continue

1024-524: Was sold to Prince Ochtomski . In 1934 the shipyard started work on the three prototypes for the S-class submarine , based on a German design produced by the Dutch company Ingenieurskantoor voor Scheepsbouw . The Soviets renamed the shipyard Zavod 189 'im. Sergo Ordzhonikidze ' on 30 December 1936. At the time of the collapse of Vladimir Vinogradov 's Inkombank during the 1998 Financial crisis , Inkombank held

#153846