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53-626: Die Deutsche Post für die Australischen Colonien , first published c. 6 January 1848, and still appearing every Thursday in 1850, was the first German-language newspaper published in South Australia, and possibly in Australia. A rival, the Suedaustralische Zeitung was first published in Adelaide late 1849 by Otto Schomburgk and Carl Muecke and by Gustav Droege, who also acted as editor . It

106-653: A large collection of digitised newspapers, official documents, manuscripts and images, as well as born-digital material. In 1901 the Commonwealth Parliament Library was established to serve the newly formed Federal Parliament of Australia . From its inception the Commonwealth Parliamentary Library was driven to development of a truly national collection. In 1907 the Joint Parliamentary Library Committee under

159-462: A national leadership role in developing and managing collaborative online services with the Australian library community, making it easier for users to find and access information resources at the national level. It provides services to libraries and publishers and the general public, with membership available to residents of Australia providing access to additional services. Some of the components of

212-587: A new National Library building. The present library building was opened on 15 August 1968 by Prime Minister John Gorton . The building, situated in Parkes , was designed by the architectural firm of Bunning and Madden in the Late Twentieth Century Stripped Classical style. The foyer is decorated in marble, with stained-glass windows by Leonard French and three tapestries by Mathieu Matégot . A Tom Bass sculpture called Lintel Sculpture

265-550: A new Tanunda publication, the Tanunda Deutsche Zeitung , edited by Muecke. Barton was later to become bankrupt and in 1867 fled to Maryborough, Queensland , owing substantial sums to his Tanunda backers. A special entertainment insert, called Australisches Unterhaltungsblatt (1862–1916), was included as well. From 1862 it was subtitled "Belletristische Beilage zur Süd-Australische Zeitung" then "Belletristische Beilage zur Australischen Zeitung" from 1875. In 1874

318-508: A smaller scale, but it ceased production again on 4 July 1929. Issues have been digitised from photographic copies by the National Library of Australia , and may be retrieved using Trove . Carl Muecke (editor) Carl Wilhelm Ludwig Muecke (16 July 1815 – 4 January 1898), occasionally written Mücke and frequently referred to as "Dr Muecke", was a German-born clergyman, plant pathologist and German-language newspaper editor in

371-706: A total of 5,508,008 images. Where possible, these are delivered directly across the Internet. Since a 2016 amendment to the Copyright Act , all born-digital content must also be deposited in the library (with varying provisions for state libraries as well). The NLA has since May 2019 hosted and managed the National edeposit (NED) service. Libraries ACT , Libraries Tasmania , Northern Territory Library , State Library of New South Wales , State Library of Queensland , State Library of South Australia , State Library Victoria and

424-410: Is able to locate resources about Australia and Australians, which reaches many locations otherwise unavailable to external search engines. The library produces non-fiction and children's books which explore the collections. These cover subjects including History, Natural History and Art. NLA Publishing has been a recipient of several Eve Pownall Award for Information Books. Free registration with

477-839: Is available. Services are also delivered on-site from the Newspaper & Family History zone on the ground floor, the Special Collections Reading Room and the Petherick Reading Room on the 1st floor, and Asian Collections on level 3. The library collects material produced by Australians, for Australians or about the Australian experience in all formats—not just printed works—books, serials, newspapers, maps, posters, music and printed ephemera —but also online publications and unpublished material such as manuscripts , pictures and oral histories . Hazel de Berg began recording Australian writers, artists, musicians and others in

530-744: Is held across six organisations: the NLA; Australian Performing Arts Collection in Melbourne ; Mitchell Library in Sydney; Queensland Performing Arts Centre Museum; Scenic Studios Australia Pty Ltd; and Seaborn, Broughton & Walford Foundation Archives and Library collection. Both AusStage and the J.C. Williamson Distributed Collection were added to the UNESCO Australian Memory of the World Register in 2021. The National Library of Australia provides

583-587: Is installed over the entrance to the library. The building was listed on the Australian Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004. In 2004 the book A different view : the National Library of Australia and its building art was published which talked about the NLA building. The large National Library building is home to various reading rooms and collections. Usage of the reading rooms include speaking to expert staff, browsing

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636-541: Is located in Parkes , Canberra, ACT . Created in 1960 by the National Library Act , by the end of June 2019 its collection contained 7,717,579 items, with its manuscript material occupying 17,950 metres (58,890 ft) of shelf space. The NLA also hosts and manages the renowned Trove cultural heritage discovery service, which includes access to the Australian Web Archive and National edeposit (NED),

689-582: The Suedaustralische Zeitung , a German-language weekly newspaper, using Roman type (and replacing umlauted letters with their two-letter equivalent), perhaps as a rejection of tradition, or that being the only typeface available. The following year it was printed in traditional black letter type as Südaustralische Zeitung . Throughout the history of the paper Muecke had a considerable attachment in its various phases: In November 1869, in anticipation of Muecke's imminent departure for Melbourne,

742-778: The Australian Conservation Foundation , and the Australian Council of National Trusts . Finally, the library holds about 37,000 reels of microfilm of manuscripts and archival records, mostly acquired overseas and predominantly of Australian and Pacific interest. The National Library's Pictures collection focuses on Australian people, places and events, from European exploration of the South Pacific to contemporary events. Art works and photographs are acquired primarily for their informational value, and for their importance as historical documents. Media represented in

795-540: The Commonwealth National Library and Commonwealth Parliament Library , is the largest reference library in Australia, responsible under the terms of the National Library Act 1960 for "maintaining and developing a national collection of library material, including a comprehensive collection of library material relating to Australia and the Australian people ", thus functioning as a national library . It

848-928: The Evening Journal published a detailed biography of "one of [South Australia's] most prominent representatives of German culture". By 1879 he had returned, unheralded, to South Australia, living at Semaphore , then around 1890, thinking the mountain air would be beneficial to his health, he retired to Hahndorf . On his eightieth birthday a great celebration was held at the German Club in his honour. Muecke married Emilie Friedericka Meyerhoff (died 1851) in Germany. He married again, to Caroline (or Karoline) Schomburgk (died 15 November 1874), sister of Moritz Richard Schomburgk . He married one more time, to Marie Gehrke (died 1934) in 1887. National Library of Australia The National Library of Australia ( NLA ), formerly

901-640: The Hanse towns , and helped organise a festival at Tanunda in honour of Sir Robert after the Act was passed. For years he took a very practical interest in " takeall " and " red rust ", significant diseases of wheat, studying the soil and roots under a microscope, and discovered parasites that could have been responsible. His MA degree was conferred ad eundem by the University of Adelaide in 1877. In late 1849 Muecke, together with Otto Schomburgk and Gustav Droege founded

954-495: The Pacific . The collection also holds a number of European and Asian manuscript collections or single items have been received as part of formed book collections. The Australian manuscript collections date from the period of maritime exploration and settlement in the 18th century until the present, with the greatest area of strength dating from the 1890s onwards. The collection includes a large number of outstanding single items, such as

1007-590: The Pandora Archive since 1996. The Australian Web Archive , released in March 2019, combines records from PANDORA, the Australian Government Web Archive (AGWA), and other websites published in Australia. In the 2019 federal budget, the government allocated A$ 10 million to the library, intended to be spread over four years to set up a digitisation fund. As of June 2019 , the library had digitised

1060-636: The State Library of Western Australia are the member organisations of the collaboration. The library houses the largest and most actively developing research resource on Asia in Australia, and the largest Asian language collections in the Southern hemisphere, with over half a million volumes in the collection, as well as extensive online and electronic resources. The library collects resources about all Asian countries in Western languages extensively, and resources in

1113-539: The performing arts , including dance. The library contains a considerable collection of general overseas and rare book materials, as well as world-class Asian and Pacific collections which augment the Australiana collections. The print collections are further supported by extensive microform holdings. The library also maintains the National Reserve Braille Collection. As a national library,

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1166-641: The 14th century Chertsey Cartulary , the journal of James Cook on HM Bark Endeavour , inscribed on the Memory of the World Register in 2001, the diaries of Robert O'Hara Burke and William John Wills from the Burke and Wills expedition , and Charles Kingsford Smith 's and Charles Ulm 's log of the Southern Cross. A wide range of individuals and families are represented in the collection, with special strength in

1219-627: The 1831 war between Belgium and Holland. He began teaching chemistry, and became an activist for the cause of compulsory education in State schools. He was an excellent speaker, and much in demand at the Handwerkerverein (de) , a workers' education society in Berlin. One of Muecke's brothers established a Liedertafel in association with the Verein , which after his death erected a monument to his memory. During

1272-478: The Arts community in 1957. She conducted nearly 1300 interviews. Together with the library, she was a pioneer in the field in Australia, working together for twenty-seven years. A core Australiana collection is that of John A. Ferguson . The library's Australiana collections are the nation's most important resource of materials recording Australia's cultural heritage. The library has particular collection strengths in

1325-536: The Australian Nation; the home of the literature, not of a State, or of a period, but of the world, and of all time. From 1923, two forms of name were used concurrently: Commonwealth National Library and Commonwealth Parliament Library, to designate the national and parliamentary collections respectively. In 1957 the Paton Committee recommended a National Library as an independent statutory body . In 1960

1378-677: The Australian colonial project", but also were "intricately involved in imagining, knowing and shaping colonial Australia" (Barrett, et al., 2018, p.2). He first settled as a farmer near Gawler, but agriculture had no great attraction for him, and in 1859 he accepted an invitation to serve as pastor of the Lutheran Church at Tanunda , and shortly afterwards settled in that town. Over the next twenty years he also served several other Lutheran congregations: Lyndoch , Concordia (5 km ENE of Gawler ), Schoenfeld (near Freeling ) and King's Belt (near Sheaoak Log ). At each of these pastorates he

1431-598: The Chairmanship of the Speaker, Sir Frederick William Holder defined the objective of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Library in the following words: The Library Committee is keeping before it the ideal of building up, for the time when Parliament shall be established in the Federal Capital, a great Public Library on the lines of the world-famed Library of Congress at Washington; such a library, indeed, as shall be worthy of

1484-529: The German language (or German place-names) in South Australia led to demands in 1915 that the newspaper be closed or forced to discontinue printing in German. The paper's final edition was on Wednesday, 15 March 1916. Despite this, there could have been little to criticise regarding their loyalty to Australia: "We do not protest against the frequent messages about the successes of the Belgians, French, and Russians because

1537-530: The NLA is required by legal deposit provisions enshrined in the Copyright Act 1968 to collect a copy of every Australian publication in the country, which publishers must submit upon publication of the material. At the end of the Australian financial year of 2018–19, the National Library collection comprised 7,717,579 items, and an additional 17,950 metres (58,890 ft) of manuscript material. The library's collections of Australiana have developed into

1590-514: The National Library of Australia was created by the National Library Act 1960 , and each library became a separate entity. The original National Library building on Kings Avenue, Canberra was designed by Edwin Hubert Henderson (1885–1939), who was Chief Architect of the Commonwealth of Australia from 1929 to 1939, and built in 1934. Originally intended to be several wings, only one wing

1643-576: The Performing arts ephemera collection (PROMPT). Within the PROMPT collection, there are further divisions by person or topic, for instance the J.C. Williamson collection of theatre ephemera, and performers such as Dame Nellie Melba and Kylie Minogue . Since around 2017, a team of volunteers has been using the PROMPT collection to add content to the AusStage database. The J.C. Williamson Distributed Collection

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1696-973: The World Programme Register in 2001. The library has also acquired the records of many national non-governmental organisations. They include the records of the Federal Secretariats of the Liberal party, the A.L.P , the Democrats, the R.S.L. , the Australian Inland Mission , the Australian Union of Students , The Australian Ballet , the Australian Elizabethan Theatre Trust , the Australian Institute of Urban Studies , Australian Industries Protection League ,

1749-463: The assistance and support of library staff from London, New York City, and Jakarta, building various collections have been possible. Approximately 94.1% of the library's collection had been catalogued by July 2019, a total of 5,453,888 items and these are discoverable through the online catalogue. The library is a world leader in digital preservation techniques, and has maintained an Internet-accessible archive of selected Australian websites called

1802-641: The collection include photographs, drawings, watercolours, oils, lithographs, engravings, etchings and sculpture/busts. The library contains a large amount of printed ephemera , collected since the early 1960s and also including older materials. These include minor publications, pamphlets, leaflets, invitations, cards, menus, junk mail , as well as larger publications, such as theatre programmes or retail trade catalogues. They are selected based on certain key criteria, such as information content, design elements, period representation, and portraiture . They are divided into various types or topics. This group includes

1855-573: The colony of South Australia . In 1869 he left for the neighbouring colony of Victoria . Muecke was born in Möckern , near Magdeberg , and was originally destined for a career in mining, which he studied at Freiberg , but after experiencing an accident in the mines, his father sent him to the University of Bonn , where he took his degrees. He served for a time as an observer on the Luxembourg border during

1908-567: The fields of politics, public administration, diplomacy, theatre, art, literature, the pastoral industry and religion. Examples are the papers of Alfred Deakin , Sir John Latham , Sir Keith Murdoch , Sir Hans Heysen , Sir John Monash , Vance Palmer and Nettie Palmer , A.D. Hope , Manning Clark , David Williamson , W.M. Hughes , Sir Robert Menzies , Sir William McMahon , Lord Casey , Geoffrey Dutton , Peter Sculthorpe , Daisy Bates , Jessie Street , and Eddie Mabo and James Cook both of whose papers were inscribed on UNESCO's Memory of

1961-849: The following Asian languages: Burmese , Chinese , Persian , Indonesian , Japanese , Khmer , Korean , Lao , Manchu , Mongolian , Thai , Timorese , and Vietnamese . The library has acquired a number of important Western and Asian language scholarly collections from researchers and bibliophiles. These collections include: The Asian Collections are searchable via the National library's catalogue. The National Library holds an extensive collection of pictures and manuscripts. The manuscript collection contains about 26 million separate items, covering in excess of 10,492 metres of shelf space (ACA Australian Archival Statistics, 1998). The collection relates predominantly to Australia, but there are also important holdings relating to Papua New Guinea , New Zealand and

2014-478: The library in person, inter-library loans may be obtained to use in the reading rooms . The following individuals have been appointed as Director-General or any precedent titles: In 2016, with threatened funding cuts to Trove , a public campaign led to a government commitment of A$ 16.4 million in December 2016, spread over four years. By early 2020, with the surge in demand for all types of digital services,

2067-458: The library is allowed for all Australian residents, with cards sent to a physical address before use is allowed. Membership confers some extra benefits for users of the library, such as requesting items for use onsite in the reading rooms, and access to a select range of licensed electronic resources from offsite, such as the full text of Encyclopaedia Britannica . Electronic copies of some items are able to be ordered, and for members who can visit

2120-511: The library's reference collection and electronic journals, ebooks, indexes, and databases. The reading rooms also provide free internet and computer use, scanning, photocopying and printing, and the request and access of collection items. On the ground floor is the Main Reading Room — this is where the bulk of the Library's Internet access terminals are located, and where wireless internet access

2173-447: The nation's single most important resource of materials recording the Australian cultural heritage. Australian writers , editors and illustrators are actively sought and well represented, whether published in Australia or overseas. The library's collection includes all formats of material, from books, journals, websites and manuscripts to pictures, photographs, maps, music, oral history recordings, manuscript papers and ephemera. With

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2226-434: The paper floundered, with a circulation of just 400. It was in late 1862 sold to Basedow , Barton , and Eimer , trading as George Eimer & Co. (later Basedow, Eimer & Co.). Contrary to promises and expectations, they immediately moved production from Tanunda to Adelaide. It was taken over in 1863 by Wilhem Eggers and Eimer and published in Adelaide, and achieved a circulation of 1,500. Barton and Basedow retaliated with

2279-736: The repressive Eichhorn ministry Muecke published some anti-authoritarian pamphlets, for which two of his fellows were punished. He moved to Berlin, where he had a hand in editing educational year-books. Following the Revolutions of 1848 , Muecke left Germany for South Australia aboard Princess Louise , arriving in August 1849. Also on board were two of the Schomburgk brothers: Otto Alfred Carl Schomburgk and his wife Maria Charlotte Schomburgk (née Von Selchow) and Richard Moritz Schomburgk , and Pauline Henriette Schomburgk (née Kneib), who were married at sea. He

2332-556: The rival German language newspapers of Adelaide and Tanunda once again merged as the Australische Zeitung , under publishers Basedow, Eimer & Co. ( Frederick Basedow and George Eimer); and Dr. Muecke was appointed editor. The first edition under the new title was on 5 January 1875. In 1876 they absorbed the Neue Deutsche Zeitung , a competing paper published by G. C. L. and F. A. Reiger, and J. W. A. Sudholz. The paper

2385-495: The services are: The online services mentioned above, and more, are accessible via the Trove service, which was launched in 2009. Trove is an online library database aggregator, a centralised national service built with the collaboration of major libraries of Australia. Trove's most well known feature is the digitised collection of Australian newspapers. Most NLA resource discovery services are now fully integrated with Trove. The service

2438-514: The sooner victory is gained the sooner there will be an end to the present shocking murder. What does cause our blood to boil is the cables alleging terrible and infamous actions and conduct on the part of the Germans; if there were only a grain of truth in them it would make us sink into the earth for shame that we are of German descent." The newspaper was finally revived on 2 June 1927 in Tanunda, albeit on

2491-464: Was closely associated with the church school and intellectual life of these towns. He was at the forefront of agitation for equal voting rights for naturalized Germans, and gave popular and stimulating lectures on scientific subjects. He was of great assistance to Sir Robert Torrens in promoting the Real Property Act which, thanks to Dr Ulrich Hübbe , was largely based on the system used in

2544-558: Was completed, partly because of the advent of World War II. The 1957 Paton Committee reported that the accommodation was inadequate for a National Library. The building was used for the headquarters of the Canberra Public Library Service until its demolition in 1968, when it became the site of the Edmund Barton Building . In 1963, prime minister Robert Menzies announced the near-completion of working plans for

2597-648: Was initially printed by Andrew Murray in Adelaide, and had sales outlets in Tanunda , Lyndoch , Hahndorf , Lobethal , Burra Burra , and Macclesfield . The paper was taken over by Wilhem Eggers in September 1851 and published at the offices of the South Australian Register . Production ceased due to the negative economic conditions caused in South Australia by the Victorian gold rush. The Süd Australische Zeitung

2650-752: Was naturalized as a British subject in September 1849, one of the few times his name was written as Mücke. Muecke was one of a number of influential German-speaking residents — such as Ludwig Becker , Hermann Beckler , William Blandowski , Amalie Dietrich , Wilhelm Haacke , Diedrich Henne , Gerard Krefft , Friedrich Krichauff , Johann Luehmann , Johann Menge , Ludwig Preiss , Carl Ludwig Christian Rümker (a.k.a. Ruemker) , Moritz Richard Schomburgk , Richard Wolfgang Semon , Karl Theodor Staiger , George Ulrich , Eugene von Guérard , Robert von Lendenfeld , Ferdinand von Mueller , Georg von Neumayer , and Carl Wilhelmi — who brought their "epistemic traditions" to Australia, and not only became "deeply entangled with

2703-401: Was regularly advertised in the Mount Barker Courier . (Johann) August Ludwig Kayser (died c. 20 February 1910) who arrived in Adelaide on the Grasbruch in 1860, married Cecilie Catharine Amalie Beecken in 1862, and was for a time headmaster of the Lyndoch Valley and Brighton schools, was on the paper's literary staff. Negative public sentiment during the Great War against the use of

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2756-416: Was remarkable in its day for being printed in Roman type (and replacing umlauts with their two-letter equivalents) "as if to indicate its rejection of tradition" (or perhaps being the only typeface available), and was radical in its political views. The following year it was printed in traditional black letter type as Südaustralische Zeitung , and the editor's name written as Gustav Dröge. The paper

2809-399: Was sold in 1859 to Rudolf Reimer , founder in April 1851 of the Adelaider Deutsche Zeitung (1851–1862), (printed with Roman type, considered by one commentator as conceding an advantage to its rival) but continued publication in Tanunda as a separate title. Reimer died in April 1860. It was taken over in January 1860 by C. H. Barton , a prominent Tanunda citizen, as editor and owner, but

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