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61-525: Cohabitation of both intercity and suburban rail did cause problems. Junctions were not carefully planned, and extensions were simply grafted onto the existing network. The Chemins de fer de l'Ouest 's suburban network was particularly touched by problems of cohabitation on the line and at stations since it had the largest suburban network in France. The problem resided in the fact that lines crossed each other, creating unnecessary bottlenecks and hold ups. In 1880,

122-718: A China -funded higher-speed railway link, the Boten–Vientiane railway , commonly referred to as the China-Laos Railway. A fully electrified higher-speed railway line, it is part of a long-term goal of connecting China with the rest of Southeast Asia . The line runs from Boten near the China- Laos border to Vientiane , the capital of Laos, using CRRC high/higher-speed EMU trains. Keretapi Tanah Melayu (Malayan Railways) operates loco-hauled express trains called KTM Intercity along Peninsular Malaysia and into Singapore . At

183-562: A cross-border train or alighting from such a train. There are currently three cross-border train services on the conventional line: A new border-crossing service, the Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link , has been approved and has been granted HKD 6.6 billion in funding by the Legislative Council's Finance Committee. The line has been opened in 2018 with a new station West Kowloon Terminus in

244-567: A dense rail network, large territory, or less air and car transport, such as China, India, and Russia, overnight long-distance train services are provided and used practically. In many other countries, such long-distance rail journey has been replaced by air travel except for tourism or hobbyist purposes, luxury train journeys, or significant cost benefit. Amtrak long-distance services in the United States, Via Rail 's Canadian service in Canada, and

305-727: A heritage of the Chemins de fer de l'Ouest and the Chemin de fer de l'État and due to its size, the Réseau Saint-Lazare inherited a number of particular and specifically designed rolling stock. The following locomotives were in use for passenger duties on the Réseau Saint-Lazare: The following rolling stock is in use for passenger duties on the Réseau Saint-Lazare: Including some electric multiple units : Since

366-648: A hyphen) was first conceived as a brand name by British Rail for the launch of its electrification of the major part of the West Coast Main Line in 1966, which brought new express services between London and the major cities of Manchester , Birmingham and Liverpool . It later became the name of one of British Rail's new business sectors in the 1980s and was used to describe the whole network of main-line passenger routes in Great Britain, but it went out of official use following privatisation . The introduction of

427-556: A network of JR's limited express inter-city trains on 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ), narrow gauge , lines. Major cities are covered by convenient train services of every one hour or more frequent. In addition to the JR Group, Japan has major private rail operators such as the Kintetsu , Meitetsu , Tobu Railway and Odakyu Electric Railway that operate "limited express" inter-city services. Inter-city railway services crossing

488-722: A result, Inter-city rail may or may not fall into the category of higher-speed rail or high-speed rail . Ideally, the average speed of inter-city rail service would be faster than 100 km/h (62 mph) in order to be competitive with car, bus and other methods of transport. The distance of an inter-city rail journey is usually at least 50–100 km (30–60 mi), although in many large metropolitan areas commuter and regional services cover equal or longer distances. Examples of countries with relatively short intercity rail distances with service patterns comparable to regional rail include Belgium , Israel , The Netherlands , and Switzerland . A distance of 100–500 km (60–300 mi)

549-406: A top service speed of 160 km/h. In Australia, electrified interurban commuter railway systems are used to connect urban areas separated by long distances and use heavy-rail equipment: On these systems, services either run as limited-stop expresses in the suburban area or as shuttles terminating where the suburban lines end. A large-scale non-electric project of four regional lines known as

610-445: A widespread implementation on all the close suburb between 1924 and 1931. Allied bombing in 1944 destroyed much of the railway installations and disorganised services. Operated by the SNCF since 1938, Réseau Saint-Lazare, like Réseau Nord and Réseau Est was to be electrified with overhead wire. As it had been the case with other modernisation projects, track alteration took place when it

671-515: Is a common journey distance for inter-city rail in many countries. In many cases, railway travel is most competitive at about two to three hours journey time. Inter-city rail can often compete with highways and short-haul air travel for journeys of this distance. Most major intercity railway routes in Europe, such as London to Birmingham, Paris to Lyon, and Lisbon to Porto cover this range of distances. In journeys of 500–1,000 km (300–600 mi),

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732-533: Is an official brand name for a network of regular-interval and relatively long-distance train services that meet certain criteria of speed and comfort. That use of the term appeared in the United Kingdom in the 1960s and has been widely imitated. The speeds of inter-city rail lines are quite diverse, ranging from 50 km/h (31 mph) in a mountainous area or on undeveloped tracks to 200–350 km/h (124–217 mph) on newly constructed or improved tracks. As

793-847: Is maintained by Iarnród Éireann and Northern Ireland 's is run by Northern Ireland Railways . With the introduction of high-speed trains, intercity trains are limited to few services per day on mainline and regional tracks. The daytime services ( InterCity IC), while not frequent and limited to one or two trains per route, are essential in providing access to cities and towns off the railway's mainline network. The main routes are Trieste to Rome (stopping at Venice , Bologna , Prato , Florence and Arezzo ), Milan to Rome (stopping at Genoa , La Spezia , Pisa and Livorno / stopping at Parma , Modena , Bologna, Prato, Florence and Arezzo), Bologna to Lecce (stopping at Rimini , Ancona , Pescara , Bari and Brindisi ) and Rome to Reggio di Calabria (stopping at Latina and Naples ). In addition,

854-478: Is operated in most Main railway lines like Japanese limited express or German Intercity . Also, Mugunghwa-ho is the most common and most popular type of intercity rail travel like German Regional-Express . In addition, Seoul and Busan are linked by a high-speed train line known as KTX , which was built using French TGV technology. India 's inter-city trains are run by Indian Railways . With 68,043 km (42,280 mi) of rail routes and 7,308 stations,

915-754: Is planning the revival of inter-city rail with projects such as the PNR South Long Haul which aims to reconstruct the railway in Southern Luzon. Thailand has a sizable meter-gauge intercity rail network radiating outwards from Bangkok , transporting around 60 million passengers every year. Construction is underway to connect Bangkok with Nakhon Ratchasima using a dedicated high speed rail line. Trains in Vietnam , run by Vietnam Railways , link Hanoi , Hué , Da Nang , Nha Trang , and Ho Chi Minh City . Israel Railways operates inter-city services between all

976-535: Is relatively low: trains average 60 or 70 km/h (37 or 43 mph). Canada 's inter-city trains are mostly run by Via Rail , a Canadian crown corporation mandated to operate inter-city passenger rail service in Canada. The majority of its services connect major cities in the most populous part of the country known as the Quebec City - Windsor Corridor , straddling the provinces of Ontario and Quebec . It also operates long-distance trains to western Canada and

1037-804: Is the fastest one. All long-distance journeys generally require a reservation, although unreserved travel is allowed in some trains. There is only one train service in Cambodia , from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville , stopping at Doun Kaev (Takeo) and Kampot . In Indonesia, PT Kereta Api operates inter-city services between some of the country's major cities, like Jakarta , Bandung , Semarang , Yogyakarta , Surakarta , Surabaya , Medan , Padang , and Palembang . In Jakarta metropolitan area (or Jabodetabek ), KRL Jabotabek operates inter-city and commuter services. Indonesia also currently operates Southeast Asia's first high-speed rail line, from Jakarta to Bandung . In recent years construction has started on

1098-463: Is typically an express train with limited stops and comfortable carriages to serve long-distance travel. Inter-city rail sometimes provides international services. This is most prevalent in Europe because of the proximity of its 50 countries to a 10,180,000-square-kilometre (3,930,000-square-mile) area. Eurostar and EuroCity are examples. In many European countries, the word InterCity or Inter-City

1159-506: The British Rail Class 43 (HST) helped InterCity become a familiar brand in the 1970s. The principal network of international express trains in continental Europe is called EuroCity , even though some InterCity trains also cross borders. High-speed railways have relatively few stops. The German high-speed train service was named InterCityExpress , indicating its evolution from older InterCity trains. Other high-speed lines include

1220-457: The Chemins de fer de l'Ouest operated four lines out of Saint-Lazare : the lines to Versailles Rive Droite and Argenteuil separated at Asnières whilst the lines to Saint-Germain and Rouen separated at Colombes . As they were, both lines to Argenteuil crossed those to Saint-Germain and Rouen at Asnières. The Chemins de Fer de l'Ouest thus decided create a spur, opened in 1891, from Bécon-les-Bruyères and La Garenne-Colombes . In 1892,

1281-839: The Indian Pacific in Australia are examples. Faster high-speed rail of at least 250 km (160 mi) per hour, such as the Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway in China (1,300 km or 810 mi in 5 hours) and Tokyo-Sapporo in the proposed Hokkaido Shinkansen in Japan (1,030 km or 640 mi in 4 hours), may play a significant role in long-distance travel in the future. Railways in Africa are still developing or not practically used for passenger purposes in many countries, but

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1342-558: The Malaysia – Thailand border, connections to State Railway of Thailand trains are available. KTM Intercity trains are diesel-powered and run on a single-track 1,000 mm ( 3 ft  3 + 3 ⁄ 8  in ) metre gauge system. The rail track is gradually being duplicated and electrified. On the completed Central to Northern section (border), KTM runs the higher-speed Electric Train Service (ETS). As of February 2020,

1403-902: The Ontario Northland Railway , which operates passenger services between Cochrane and Moosonee in rural northern Ontario and luxury train operators such as the Royal Canadian Pacific and Rocky Mountaineer , which operate rail tours in Western Canada . In Mexico , the federal government discontinued almost all scheduled inter-city passenger trains in June 2001. Ferromex operates trains on three routes: Chihuahua City to Los Mochis , Torreón to Felipe Pescador , and Guadalajara to Amatitán . Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto has proposed intercity trains, including from Mexico City to Toluca (construction began July 7, 2014),

1464-508: The Philippine National Railways does not have a regular inter-city rail service although the agency is planning on rebuilding new railway lines. Prior to the 1970s, the main island of Luzon had a relatively expansive narrow-gauge railway network, but government prioritization towards highway construction and the effects of multiple natural disasters gradually led to the decline and abandonment of most intercity rail services. Until

1525-638: The Regional Fast Rail is operational in Victoria . Current interurban and intercity journeys outside the suburban area are often locomotive-hauled, particularly for longer distance services, due to Victoria's lack of electrification outside of Melbourne. In New Zealand , there are currently three long-distance passenger services classed as inter-city: the Coastal Pacific , the Northern Explorer , and

1586-582: The TGV (France), AVE (Spain), Treno Alta Velocità (Italy), Eurostar (United Kingdom–France and Belgium), Thalys (Netherlands–Belgium–Germany and France), Lyria (France-Switzerland), and Railjet (Germany-Austria–Czechia/Hungary). In Great Britain , the inter-city rail links are now operated by a number of private companies as well as Continental State owned railways such as Avanti West Coast , LNER , EMR , CrossCountry , TransPennine Express , Greater Anglia and GWR . Ireland 's inter-city rail network

1647-720: The TranzAlpine . Their slow average speed is limited by the rugged country traversed, particularly in the middle of the North Island , where the North Island Main Trunk has many sharp curves and steep gradients. Given these speeds, as well as the prioritization of the rail transport in New Zealand towards freight, these passenger services primarily cater the tourist market, similar to long-distance routes in Australia. Bogies Too Many Requests If you report this error to

1708-522: The 2000s, PNR had two inter-city rail services: the Bicol Express and the Mayon Limited. The Bicol Express leaves Manila and passes through Manila, Pasay , and Muntinlupa and the provinces of Laguna , Quezon , and Camarines Sur before arriving at Naga . The trip takes 10 hours, or 600 minutes. The Mayon Limited connects Minola and Ligao in 10 + 1 ⁄ 2 hours. The Philippine government

1769-660: The Chemin de fer de l'État from 1909 had worked towards that goal by simplifying track layout in Paris' close suburbs. On 24 April 1924, the third rail was switched on groupe II on the 6 km section between Paris and Bécon-les-Bruyères and on groupe IV on the 6 km section between Paris and Bois-Colombes. The press as well as the public saluted the arrival of the electric train which made some steam hauled trains look old. Indeed, some coaches in use were old 19th century double-deck passenger cars with notorious comfort. The rames standard

1830-569: The Hong Kong-China border (often known as through trains ) are jointly operated by Hong Kong's MTR Corporation Limited and the Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China . Currently, Hung Hom station is the only station in the territory where passengers can catch these cross-border trains. Passengers are required to go through immigration and customs inspections of Hong Kong before boarding

1891-900: The Intercity trains provide a more economical means of long-distance rail travel within Italy. The night trains ( Intercity Notte ICN) have sleeper compartments and washrooms, but no showers on board. Main routes are Rome to Bolzano /Bozen (calling at Florence, Bologna, Verona , Rovereto and Trento ), Milan to Lecce (calling at Piacenza, Parma, Reggio Emilia, Modena, Bologna, Faenza, Forlì, Cesena, Rimini, Ancona, Pescara, Bari and Brindisi), Turin to Lecce (calling at Alessandria , Voghera , Piacenza , Parma, Bologna, Rimini, Pescara, Termoli, San Severo,Foggia, Barletta, Bisceglie, Molfetta, Bari, Monopoli, Fasano, Ostuni and Brindisi) and Reggio di Calabria to Turin (calling at Naples, Rome, Livorno , La Spezia and Genova). Most portions of these ICN services run during

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1952-625: The Maritimes on the Canadian and Ocean lines and by smaller trains to more remote areas of Canada. Much like the United States , Canada previously had a larger intercity rail network prior to the 1970s; certain major cities such as Calgary and Regina lack connections to the extant Via Rail network, and passenger rail usage outside of the Quebec City - Windsor Corridor is infrequent and geared towards

2013-581: The Peninsular train from Yucatán to Riviera Maya , and the Mexico-Querétaro high-speed train from Puebla to Tlaxcala and Mexico City with future expansion to Guadalajara. In recent years, passenger trains have seen a revival, with the construction of the tourist-oriented Tren Maya route traversing the Yucatan Peninsula. There was a dense system of inter-city railways in the United States in

2074-640: The United States and two-thirds of the nation's rail riders live in New York City . The two busiest passenger rail stations in the United States are Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal , both in Manhattan , New York City. Passenger rail outside the Northeast, Northwest , California , and the Chicago metropolitan area is infrequent and rarely used relative to networks in Europe and Japan. Passenger lines in most of

2135-601: The United States are operated by the quasi-public corporation Amtrak. The separate Alaska Railroad , which is also government-owned, runs passenger trains in Alaska , and the privately owned Brightline rail service operates in Florida . The California High-Speed Rail system began construction in 2015 and aims to connect major job centers in California . Multiple new rail corridors have been identified for private development throughout

2196-460: The city centre. Taiwan 's coastline is connected by frequent inter-city train services by Taiwan Railway Administration . Taiwan High Speed Rail, opened in 2007, covers the most populated west-coast corridor. Chinese：對號列車 There are Chu-kuang express (莒光號) and Tze-chiang limited express (自強號). Almost every major town and city in South Korea is linked by railway, run by Korail . ITX-Saemaeul

2257-503: The construction work on the lines were initiated to alleviate operational issues but steam traction meant that without remote driving or the locomotive, engines had to be turned around the train at termini. Third rail electrification had been applied to Paris' underground and the Chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans 's line from Les Invalides with success. Rolling stock chosen were two carriage 22m long EMUs of Z 1300 class resting on two bogies and compatible with rolling stock used on

2318-857: The country. These include the Brightline West corridor from Las Vegas to Los Angeles , California, the Texas Central Railway between Dallas and Houston in Texas , and others. In Australia , the national interstate network operated by Journey Beyond connects all mainland Australian capital cities except Canberra . However, it is catered towards the luxury tourism market. NSW TrainLink operates interstate services from Sydney to Canberra, Melbourne and Brisbane. Intrastate inter-city trains that traverse shorter distances are operated by V/Line , NSW TrainLink, Sydney Trains , Queensland Rail and Transwa . The fastest intercity trains in regular service have

2379-852: The electrification of the main line to Caen and Cherbourg in June 1996, there no longer are regular services using diesel for Gare Saint-Lazare although some regional services in Normandy, part of the Réseau Saint-Lazare use DMUs and diesel locomotives. Trains operating in the Réseau Saint Lazare are maintained in several engine sheds or EMT: Inter-city rail Inter-city rail services are express trains that run services that connect cities over longer distances than commuter or regional trains. They include rail services that are neither short-distance commuter rail trains within one city area nor slow regional rail trains stopping at all stations and covering local journeys only. An inter-city train

2440-722: The following countries have inter-city services between major cities: Trains run by China Railway link almost every town and city in the People's Republic of China , including Beijing , Guangzhou , Shanghai , Shenzhen , and Xi'an , and onwards from Shenzhen across the border to Kowloon , in Hong Kong . New high-speed lines from 200–350 km/h (124–217 mph) operation are constructed, and many conventional lines are also upgraded to 200 km/h (124 mph) operation. Currently there are seven High-Speed Inter-City lines in China , with up to 21 planned. They are operated independently from

2501-488: The four major metropolitan areas of Israel : Tel Aviv , Jerusalem , Be'er Sheva , and Haifa . However, due to the small geography of Israel, most of the railway services have a more suburban service pattern, with many short stops at stations between the major city centres. In Europe, many long-distance inter-city trains are operated under the InterCity (often simply IC) brand. InterCity (or, initially, "Inter-City" with

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2562-532: The late 19th and early 20th centuries. After the decline of passenger railroads in North America in the 1960s, the inter-city lines decreased greatly and today the national system is far less dense. The most heavily used routes with the greatest ridership and schedule frequencies are in the Northeastern United States on Amtrak 's Northeast Corridor . About one in every three users of mass transit in

2623-564: The line at Les Invalides. 1500 V overhead electrification had been dismissed by the French Government following World War I and so 650 V third rail electrification was chosen. A special commission had found that the Réseau État Saint-Lazare was in need of electrification on the railway lines to Saint-Germain, Versailles Rive Droite, Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche, Puteaux, Issy-les-Moulineaux and Argenteuil. The Chemins de fer de l'Ouest and then

2684-547: The line to Saint-Germain was rerouted to a spur of the line to Versailles instead of the line to Poissy whilst the line to Poissy was rerouted to a spur of the line to Argenteuil, avoiding crossings. The bridge over the River Seine still had four tracks, but serving two pairs of lines. These modifications were only sufficient for a time as traffic was in constant increase, growing from 26 million passengers in 1888 to 42 million in 1898. The tunnel at Batignoles (now Pont Cardinet )

2745-528: The national government. As of 2018, foreign services operate on the Polish Railways network. These include EuroCity and EuroNight trains operating between Western and Eastern European destinations, including by the EN 440/441 from Berlin via Warsaw to Moscow operated by Talgo train of Russian Railways company. In 2019, new nightjet train from Wien to Berlin via Ostrava (CZ) and Wroclaw (PL) starts

2806-467: The night; since most services take 10 to 15 hours to complete a one-way journey, their day-time portion provide extra train connections to complement with the Intercity services. The Polish State Railways (PKP), a state-owned corporate group, is the main provider of railway services. The PKP group holds an almost unrivaled monopoly over rail services in Poland since it is both supported and partly funded by

2867-418: The often parallel High-Speed-Rail-Lines. Japan has six main regional passenger railway companies, known collectively as Japan Railways Group or simply as JR. Five JR companies operate the "bullet trains" on very fast and frequent Shinkansen lines that link all the larger cities, including Tokyo, Yokohama , Nagoya , Kyoto , Osaka , Hiroshima , Fukuoka and many more. Many other cities are covered by

2928-430: The platforms at Gare Saint-Lazare and lowering the tracks below the bâtiment des docks , offices situated above high numbered platforms, lengthening of the platforms allocated to intercity services and the construction of the state of the art signal box, poste tout relais à transit souple (PRS). Electricity was switched on the line to Mantes via Conflans on 27 March 1967 and from Conflans to Pontoise on 14 May 1968. As

2989-502: The railway network in India is the third-largest in the world (after Russia and China) and the largest in the world in terms of passenger kilometres. The Vande Bharat Express , Gatimaan Express , Tejas Express , Tejas-Rajdhani Express , Rajdhani Express , Shatabdi Express , Jan Shatabdi Express and Duronto Express are the fastest inter-city services in India; of these, the Vande Bharat

3050-483: The role of inter-city rail is often replaced by faster air travel . Development of high-speed rail in some countries increases the share of railway for such longer-distance journeys. The Paris-Marseille TGV (750 km or 466 mi in 3 hours) and Tokyo-Aomori Shinkansen (675 km or 419 mi in 2 hours 59 minutes) are examples of this type of journey. In conventional non high-speed rail, overnight trains are common for this distance. In some countries with

3111-476: The second bridge was only built in 1921, the year when a grave accident occurred in the Batignoles tunnel and precipitated its demolition. The demolition of the tunnels as well as the transfer of the terminus of the line to Auteuil at Pont Cardinet freed up platforms at Saint-Lazare and increased tracks in the tranchée des Batignoles from eight to ten and split in five groups: An eleventh track, used for servicing,

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3172-532: The service. "source 1" . 8 May 2018. [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .. Russia has a dense network of long-distance railways all over its vast territory, the longest and most famous being the Trans-Siberian Railway from Moscow to Vladivostok . Long-distance train routes of more than 1,000 or 2,000 km (621 or 1,243 mi) are common, with many trips taking two or three days. Speed

3233-568: The sub-stations was partially automated in the early 1930s. When electrification was implemented, zoned services were put in place to decrease travel time, this meant that not all trains served all stations and semi-direct trains served the further stations. This decreased travel time for users of further town. From 1926, three trains served the Saint-Germain line: To maximise electrification efficiency, Bloc automatique lumineux signalling (BAL) tested between Rueil-Malmaison and Le Pecq followed by

3294-590: The tourism market. International trains, run jointly by Amtrak and Via Rail, connect New York City with Toronto . Amtrak also operates the Adirondack between New York City and Montreal , and the Amtrak Cascades service linking Vancouver and Seattle . In addition, the White Pass and Yukon Route links Skagway and Whitehorse on an isolated northern route. Other inter-city passenger rail operators include

3355-416: Was another bottleneck, so a fourth tunnel was built, but later demolished along with all save one tunnel in 1912. At that time, the Chemin de fer de l'État possessed eight tracks leaving Saint-Lazare, which were split into four groups: The eight tracks were supplemented by two sidings, used to transfer rolling stock and locomotives, as well as a second bridge at Asnières . World War I slowed expansion and

3416-450: Was being prepared for electrification. A fourth track was installed between Achères and Poissy in 1961 as well as a saut-de-mouton and an intermediate terminus at Poissy. A fourth track was also installed on a 6 km long stretch of line between Vernouillet and Les Mureaux . Stations at Sartrouville and Les Mureaux were expanded and a through track installed for suburban services . 25 kV electrification by overhead wiring

3477-401: Was built for reversing locomotives. The pont d'Asnières was widened to accommodate the ten tracks. A saut-de-mouton (flying junction) was built between Asnières and Bois-Colombes to avoid the crossing of the groupe IV and groupe V lines. Two joining lines were built in 1923 and 1925 at La Folie and Bezons to relieve suburban lines from goods services. The station building at Bois-Colombes

3538-518: Was capable of carrying 372 seated passengers and were capable of being coupled together. They were stabled at Rueil-Malmaison, Bois-Colombes and Champ de Mars and servicing was performed at La Folie. The 7 km long railway line to Auteuil was electrified in January 1925. The line to Saint-Germain-en-Laye was electrified up to Rueil-Malmaison (14 km) in June 1926, then extended to Saint-Germain in 1927. The line to Versailles Rive Droite

3599-681: Was electrified in July 1928 as well as between Puteaux and Issy-les-Moulineaux, Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche in May 1931 and the 10 km long line to Argenteuil in 1936 after the quadrupling of the tracks two years earlier. Electricity was fed to the EMUs under the third rail, as opposed to above the rail in Southern England. The third rail was fed by fourteen sub-stations themselves fed by 15000 V and 1500 V by power stations at Nanterre and Issy-les-Moulineaux .

3660-423: Was made live on groupe V in 1966, on 11 January between Achères and Mantes for use for goods services only and on 20 September between Gare Saint-Lazare and Achères for suburban passenger services alike. To prepare for the arrival of overhead electrification, important structural work was done. Initiated in 1962, work ended in 1966. It included the raising of the bridge of the Place de l'Europe situated above

3721-519: Was rebuilt above the railway line in 1934 as well as the quadrupling of the line as well as replacement of all the remaining level crossings by bridges or underpasses between 1933 and 1935. The line was also rebuilt on a 585 m long viaduct between Bois-Colombes and Le Stade (Gennevilliers). Other modernisation projects included the electrification of the Réseau Saint-Lazare. The Chemins de fer de l'Ouest had hoped to electrify parts of its lines to Saint-Germain and Argenteuil as early as 1908. Many of

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