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40-489: Rzeszów Voivodeship (1) was a unit of administrative division and local government from 1975 to 1998, superseded by Podkarpackie Voivodeship . Major cities and towns included (population in 1995 in brackets): Rzeszów Voivodeship (2) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland from 1945 to 1975, superseded by Rzeszów (1), Przemyśl , Krosno and parts of Tarnów and Tarnobrzeg voivodeships. Its creation

80-558: A shtetl of western Galicia , was home to a thriving traditional Jewish community. Tarnobrzeg is situated in a region of Poland that is relatively distant from the better-known, larger Jewish communities of the country which were located in cities such as Warsaw , Kraków, Lublin , Lwów , and Wilno . Nonetheless, the History of Jews in Poland is confluent with the history of the town. Jewish inhabitants of Tarnobrzeg, and their descendants, are considered Galitzianers or Galician Jews . In

120-450: A city in 1945 much smaller than Przemyśl. 50°02′19″N 21°59′37″E  /  50.038515°N 21.993477°E  / 50.038515; 21.993477 This Podkarpackie Voivodeship location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Podkarpackie Voivodeship Subcarpathian Voivodeship is a voivodeship , or province , in the southeastern corner of Poland . Its administrative capital and largest city

160-737: A result, in the late 1970s, the size of the town quickly grew, when several villages and settlements ( Machow , Dzików , Miechocin , Wielowieś, Sielec, Podleze, Sobow, Mokrzyszow) became part of Tarnobrzeg as its districts . The Old Town and historic center of Tarnobrzeg covers a very small area of the town, as 80% of Tarnobrzeg was built after the war. Boroughs, districts and osiedla of Tarnobrzeg include: Wielowieś , Sielec , Chwałki, Borów, Wymysłów, Zakrzów , Zwierzyniec, Dzików , Podłęże, Serbinów , Nadole, Old Town, Wielopole , Biała Góra, Podchoiny, Chomki, Siarkowiec, Skalna Góra, Przywiśle, Mokrzyszów , Piastów, Sobów , Chałupki, Miechocin , Ocice , Kozielec, Kajmów, Machów , Nagnajów . Tarnobrzeg

200-618: Is Rzeszów . Along with the Marshal, it is governed by the Subcarpathian Regional Assembly . The name derives from the region's location near the Carpathian Mountains , and the voivodeship comprises areas of two historic regions of Central Europe— Lesser Poland (western and northwestern counties) and Cherven Cities / Red Ruthenia . It is bordered by Lesser Poland Voivodeship to the west, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to

240-600: Is a city in south-eastern Poland (historic Lesser Poland ), on the east bank of the river Vistula , with 49,419 inhabitants, as of 31 December 2009. Situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo podkarpackie ) since 1999, it had previously been the capital of Tarnobrzeg Voivodeship (1975–1998). Tarnobrzeg lies in the Sandomierz Basin , and directly borders the town of Sandomierz , Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship . Its history dates back to

280-443: Is one of the largest towns of Poland in terms of territory. It covers the area of 85 square kilometres (33 sq mi), and the distance between its extreme northern and southern locations reaches 20 kilometres (12 miles). This is because, in 1975, Tarnobrzeg unexpectedly became the capital of a newly created province, Tarnobrzeg Voivodeship. To expand the town, local authorities initiated a policy of annexation of local villages. As

320-550: The Central Industrial Region . The program created several major armament factories, including PZL Mielec , PZL Rzeszów, Huta Stalowa Wola , and factories in other Subcarpathian towns such as Dębica , Nowa Dęba , Sanok , Tarnobrzeg and Nowa Sarzyna . Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland , which started World War II in September 1939, most of the current province was occupied by Nazi Germany with

360-694: The Kievan Rus' , the Golden Horde , and the Kingdom of Hungary , before Poland regained full control in the 14th century. Following the Partitions of Poland the entire region was annexed by Austria and included within the newly established Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria . The oldest cities in the province, with over 1,000 years of history, are Przemyśl and Sanok . Rzeszów , Łańcut and Tarnobrzeg , with their castles and palaces, were important residential cities of

400-671: The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland . There are local types of pierogi , gołąbki , barszcz and other soups . Motorcycle speedway , volleyball , ice hockey and football enjoy the largest following in the province. Resovia and Stal Rzeszów contest the Rzeszów Derby, one of the fiercest and most contested in Poland, with over 90 games (as of May 2024). 49°57′24″N 22°10′22″E  /  49.95667°N 22.17278°E  / 49.95667; 22.17278 Tarnobrzeg Tarnobrzeg [tarˈnɔbʐɛk]

440-592: The Polish local-government reforms adopted in 1998. Subcarpathian Voivodeship's government powers are shared between the voivode (governor), the sejmik (regional assembly), and the marshal . The voivodeship contains 6 cities and 45 towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures as of 2019) Towns: Subcarpathian Voivodeship is divided into 25 counties ( powiats ): 4 city counties and 21 land counties. These are further divided into 160 gminas . The counties are listed in

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480-577: The EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 59% of the EU average. Podkarpackie Voivodship is the province with the third lowest GDP per capita in Poland. The Rzeszów–Jasionka Airport is the province's international airport. The A4 and S19 highways pass through the province, with the S74 also planned for construction. Population according to 2002 census There are three UNESCO World Heritage Sites in

520-719: The Holocaust forced the Jews to choose between mortally dangerous escape or perish by remaining. Very few Jews are known to have survived in the city, where they would have needed to be hidden for years by righteous gentiles. Those migrating east to Russia had to choose between permanent Soviet citizenship, service in the Red Army in its battles against the Wehrmacht , and loss of freedom to subsequently leave Russia, or alternatively to become displaced persons (DPs). The DPs were temporarily relocated by

560-651: The Jewish community benefited from free compulsory public education mandated by the Austrian Emperor. The same was not true for other Polish Jewry in areas outside of Galicia (e.g., Danzig or Warsaw). Compulsory public education was opposed by some Jewish religious authorities who believed that traditional Jewish Torah and Talmud studies should not even be partially supplanted by secular instruction. The political stability in Tarnobrzeg and surrounding areas that ended with

600-925: The National Museum in Przemyśl and Regional Museum in Rzeszów. The more unique museums include the Museum of Folk Architecture in Sanok, Markowa Ulma-Family Museum of Poles Who Saved Jews in World War II , Museum of Oil and Gas Industry at the location of the world's oldest oil field in Bóbrka , and Museum of the Polish Sulfur Industry in Tarnobrzeg . There are several monuments and memorials to inventor Ignacy Łukasiewicz , pioneer of

640-649: The Russian government to work camps in Siberia , there to wait out the war. Many of them died due to the extremely rugged conditions, for which they were unprepared, and the poor supplies available in wartime trans-Ural Russian Asia. Those who survived were permitted to depart Russian lands following World War II. The city was a major center for the mining and processing of sulphur and sulphuric acid . However, due to declining profitability, its mines have closed. The mine in Piaseczno

680-505: The Russian-Austrian border, sustained heavy damage during World War I by invading armies. In the aftermath of World War I, the short-lived Republic of Tarnobrzeg was declared here, and in 1919, the town became part of Lwów Voivodeship of the newly independent Second Polish Republic . The city suffered significant emigration within the former Austrian empire and elsewhere during the interbellum years (1919–1939). A public school system

720-771: The Tarnobrzeg County (1920), the name caught on and became commonly used. Nevertheless, patron saint of the region, is still called Our Lady of Dzików (see also Dominican Church and Convent of Assumption of Mary in Tarnobrzeg ). Tarnobrzeg lies along National Road 9 , which is part of the European route E371 . The town also is a railroad hub, with five stations located within its limits (Ocice, Sobow, Tarnobrzeg, Tarnobrzeg Waskotorowy and Wielowieś). Rail lines stem from Tarnobrzeg into four directions: southwards towards Dębica , southeast towards Rzeszów , east towards Stalowa Wola , and northwards, towards Sandomierz. Currently Tarnobrzeg

760-458: The Tarnowski family, were also named in a similar fashion, such as Tarnogród and Tarnopol . Until the 20th century, however, the name Tarnobrzeg was not popular among residents. In common use were such names, as Dzików (see also Dzików Castle ) and Miechocin , as these two locations were older, larger and more important. After opening of a rail station called Tarnobrzeg (1887), and creation of

800-672: The collapse of the Austrian Empire as a result of World War I portended a difficult future for Tarnobrzeg's Jews. Although atrocities and population displacements during World War II dominated the history of Tarnobrzeg's Jews, deportations during World War I to trans-Ural Russia were also highly disruptive and destroyed much of the established community. Many emigrated to the United States or Palestine . Nearby shtetlach (of, e.g., Rozwadów and Ulanów) had many commercial and family ties to Tarnobrzeg. There were several affinity groups among

840-671: The eastern outskirts occupied by the Soviet Union, and the city of Przemyśl divided between the occupiers until 1941, and then the entire region occupied by Germany until 1944. Following the Soviet annexation of the regional capital of Lwów , Rzeszów was chosen as the new regional capital and the Rzeszów Voivodeship was founded. The voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Rzeszów , Przemyśl , Krosno and (partially) Tarnów and Tarnobrzeg Voivodeships, pursuant to

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880-477: The following table (ordering within categories is by decreasing population). Protected areas in Subcarpathian Voivodeship include two national parks and 11 Landscape Parks . These are listed below. The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 19.4 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 3.9% of Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 15,100 euros or 50% of

920-731: The global oil industry, in places where he studied and worked, including Bóbrka, Krosno , Łańcut , Jasło and Rzeszów . There are memorials to the Hungarian Renaissance poet Bálint Balassi in Odrzykoń , Nowy Żmigród and Rymanów , where he stayed at various times. In addition to traditional nationwide Polish cuisine , Subcarpathian Voivodeship is known for its variety of regional and local traditional foods , which include especially various cheeses , meat products (incl. various types of kiełbasa , bacon and salceson ), cakes, honeys and various dishes and meals, officially protected by

960-416: The history of Tarnobrzeg itself is not very long. Much older are several districts of the contemporary town, such as Wielowieś in its north, and Miechocin in the south). The history of Tarnobrzeg is closely tied with the noble Leliwita family, which in the 16th century changed its name into Tarnowski . In 1349 Rafal of Tarnów married a woman named Dzierzka, who was the owner of Wielowieś, moving there after

1000-484: The latter to grant town charter to Nowy Tarnów, later called Tarnobrzeg. His son Michal Stanislaw (1590–1654) in the 1620s began expansion and modernization of the town, planning a street system together with a market square with a town hall. Furthermore, he expanded the Dzików stronghold and the church at Miechocin. The development of Nowy Tarnów was stopped during the catastrophic Swedish invasion of Poland (1655–1660), when

1040-521: The most wooded Polish voivodeships (35.9% of total area), within its borders there is whole Bieszczady National Park , and parts of Magura National Park . In the Early Middle Ages , the territory was inhabited by the Vistulans and Lendians , old Polish tribes . It formed part of Poland since its first historic ruler Mieszko I , however, later on, at various times, portions of the region fell under

1080-457: The north-west, Lublin Voivodeship to the north, Ukraine ( Lviv Oblast and Zakarpattia Oblast ) to the east and Slovakia ( Prešov Region ) to the south. It covers an area of 17,844 square kilometres (6,890 sq mi), and has a population of 2,127,462 (as at 2019). The voivodeship is mostly hilly or mountainous (see Bieszczady , Beskidy ); its northwestern corner is flat. It is one of

1120-549: The powerful Polish magnate families of Lubomirski , Potocki and Tarnowski . During the interwar period (1918–1939), territory of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship was part of the Lwów Voivodeship and belonged to "Poland B" , the less-developed, more rural parts of Poland. To boost the local economy, the government of the Second Polish Republic began in the mid-1930s a massive program of industrialization, known as

1160-401: The reign of Austrian Emperor Franz Josef . His life is documented in a Yizkor (Memorial) book published by Tarnobrzeg elders following the Holocaust. Hauser was father to twelve children and many descendants who reside in the United States, Israel, and elsewhere. Prior to Nazi German and Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939, there were 3,800 Jewish residents in Tarnobrzeg. The city

1200-464: The thriving Jewish population before World War II, including Hasidic , Zionist , Bundist , and others. Many Jewish citizens of Tarnobrzeg emigrated to Palestine , later to become Israel , during the pre-World War II period. A prominent Tarnobrzeg citizen, Moses Hauser , who was Jewish, was a centenarian whose lifespan nearly coincided with the 19th century. Hauser was a wealthy businessman, trader, and landholder dating from Napoleonic times through

1240-702: The town was destroyed by the Swedes. After the invasion, Jan Stanislaw Tarnowski funded a Dominican Monastery, with the painting of Our Lady of Dzików (1678), which was moved there from the Dzików Castle. In 1734, the Dzików Confederation was formed in the Dzików Castle, and among its creators was Jozef Mateusz Tarnowski. In the late 18th century, the castle was remodelled in the late Baroque style, and last owners of Dzików were Jan Zdzislaw Tarnowski (1862–1937), and Artur Tarnowski (1903–1984). Pre- Holocaust Tarnobrzeg,

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1280-859: The voivodeship: There are seven Historic Monuments of Poland in the voivodeship: Other preserved historic old towns include Krosno , nicknamed "Little Kraków", Jarosław , Rzeszów , Sanok . In Jarosław, Przemyśl and Rzeszów there are underground tourist routes in historic cellars under the old town market squares. There are numerous castles and palaces in the province, including the Royal Castles in Przemyśl and Sanok , and former noble castles and palaces in Baranów Sandomierski , Dukla , Rzeszów , Tarnobrzeg and Tyczyn . There are five spa towns : Horyniec-Zdrój , Iwonicz-Zdrój , Polańczyk , Rymanów-Zdrój , Solina . There are several museums, including

1320-407: The wedding. Their estate gradually expanded, in 1365 they purchased Trzesn and Rzochow, in 1375 Sielec and Sobow, and in 1397, Jan Tarnowski purchased several villages. In the late 15th century, Jan Spytek Tarnowski purchased, among others, Dzików, together with its fortified stronghold. Stanislaw Tarnowski (1541–1609), who was a courtier of Kings Stefan Batory and Sigismund III , managed to convince

1360-551: The year 1593, when it was granted Magdeburg rights , and belonged to the Tarnowski family . For centuries Tarnobrzeg remained a small town, which did not develop until the post-World War II period, when it became center of an industrial area, based on rich sulfur deposits. The name Tarnobrzeg refers to the founders of the town, the Tarnowski family . Other names were suggested, such as "Tarnodwor", "Nowo Dwor", and "Nowy Tarnów". Finally, Tarnobrzeg prevailed, and other towns, founded by

1400-513: The years 1772–1918 (see: Partitions of Poland ), Tarnobrzeg was in the province of Galicia as part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire , based in Vienna . The 19th century after 1815 was, across Europe, a period of relative peace and stability following the conclusion of the extremely violent Napoleonic Wars . Due to progressive initiatives following Napoleonic times, Tarnobrzeg citizens including

1440-595: Was closed first, followed by the Machów mine (after 40 years of working — it had been the biggest open-cast sulphur mine in Europe), and finally the Jeziórko mine in the 1990s. The Jeziórko mine stayed open as long as it did because of the introduction of the modern Frasch process of sulphur extraction. Since the 1980s, the land in the mining areas has gradually been reclaimed . The Machów mine has been filled with water to form

1480-519: Was founded during that time. In the 1950s, after geological research into fuel deposits, significant sulfur resources were discovered. From the early 1960s the city grew rapidly: the population rose from 5,000 to 50,000 in 1990s. After closing the sulfur mine "Siarkopol" in Machów and Jeziórko a stagnation of Tarnobrzeg followed. In 1999 it ceased being a Voivodeship capital and became a city-county ( powiat grodzki). Timeline of Tarnobrzeg history (note:

1520-500: Was founded in 1593, during the golden age of Poland , to become the residence of the Tarnowski family (see szlachta ). In that year, King Sigismund III Vasa granted Magdeburg rights to the village (May 28, 1593). The founder of the town was Stanislaw Tarnowski, Castellan of Sandomierz. In 1772, it became part of the Austrian Empire and remained in the province of Galicia until November 1918. Tarnobrzeg, located very close to

1560-667: Was overrun by the Germans on 17 September 1939. In order to inflict terror, five prominent Jews were shot at the town square. Following the signing of the German-Soviet Frontier Treaty Jews were being expelled to the Soviet zone of occupation across the San river beginning 2 October 1939, with many others, deported to Mielec and Sandomierz . The atrocities committed by the German occupiers against Jews and other Polish citizens during

1600-461: Was the result of change of Polish borders in 1945. Traditional center of this part of the country, Lwów , became annexed by the Soviet Union . Due to this fact, Polish government had to come up with a new city, which would have taken the role of Lwów. As Przemyśl , which was the second biggest city of the area (after Lwów), is located too close to the border, the new capital was organized in Rzeszów,

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