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78-519: Ruthweiler lies in the Pfeffelbach valley, also called the Aalbach valley, which here is quite narrow. The village sits on the valley floor at an elevation of roughly 270 m above sea level , and looming above it is the great complex of Castle Lichtenberg , which stretches up to the municipal limit, but actually stands within neighbouring Thallichtenberg ’s limits. Breaking through the mountain plateau in

156-407: A boy would have to stay home to tend the livestock, and he would then claim that he already knew how to read and write . It was first and foremost cold and other bad weather that explained younger children's absence from class. Children legally had to go to school at Castle Lichtenberg not only during Palatinate-Zweibrücken times, but also during Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Prussian times. In 1834,

234-411: A countrywomen’s club, a shooting club called Germania and a conversational club. Ruthweiler has a village community centre, a boules court and hiking trails. The Ortsgemeinde , which was formerly characterized by agriculture , has since about 1995 undergone a shift to a residential community. About agricultural development, mechanization and the industry’s concentration in fewer hands, there

312-409: A defined barometric pressure . Generally, the pressure used to set the altimeter is the barometric pressure that would exist at MSL in the region being flown over. This pressure is referred to as either QNH or "altimeter" and is transmitted to the pilot by radio from air traffic control (ATC) or an automatic terminal information service (ATIS). Since the terrain elevation is also referenced to MSL,

390-532: A demilion azure armed and langued gules and azure two millrinds fesswise in pale of the first. The charge in the upper field, the lion, is drawn from the heraldic device once borne by the Counts of Veldenz , who were once the local lords. The millrinds symbolize the two former lordly mills whose waterwheels once turned on the brook in Ruthweiler. The arms have been borne since 4 October 1962 when they were approved by

468-432: A few metres, in timeframes ranging from minutes to months: Between 1901 and 2018, the average sea level rose by 15–25 cm (6–10 in), with an increase of 2.3 mm (0.091 in) per year since the 1970s. This was faster than the sea level had ever risen over at least the past 3,000 years. The rate accelerated to 4.62 mm (0.182 in)/yr for the decade 2013–2022. Climate change due to human activities

546-405: A linear village (or by some definitions, a “thorpe”) with the built-up area on the brook's right bank. As early as the 19th century, sidestreets and bulges in the otherwise linear built-up area began to appear. A new building zone arose on the mountain slope over on the left bank. Of the two former estate mills , one is found at the village's upper end and the other at the lower end. In the middle of

624-520: A living at farming in Ruthweiler, the village has undergone a shift towards a residential community for people in the most varied of occupations, mostly outside the village. The 1609 Oberamt of Lichtenberg ecclesiastical visitation protocol identified Ruthweiler at that time as being a rather big village. In the course of the Thirty Years' War , though, the wartime ravages and the Plague utterly depopulated

702-659: A lower one and an upper one. Ruthweiler's peasants, like those in other villages in the Burgfrieden , had to do compulsory labour for Castle Lichtenberg. Taxes also had to be paid, to the County Palatine as well as the Wörschweiler Monastery and the Counts of Sickingen. The time when the County Palatine (later Duchy) of Zweibrücken held sway yields more precise information about Ruthweiler. In 1446, winegrowers reaped at

780-642: A matter of a settlement find.” This stone axe was long held to be the oldest prehistoric archaeological find in the Kusel district, being from the middle of the New Stone Age . Author Bantelmann, who wrote the above quotation, wrongly states that the discovery site lay within the town of Kusel , but the axe was actually found in a loam pit on the east slope of the Heibelberg in the area where the Westpfalzklinikum II

858-717: A museum in Trier . Furthermore, archaeological finds in neighbouring municipalities show that people in the area in prehistoric times did not merely stay temporarily. In Gallo-Roman times especially, the area was relatively heavily settled, bearing witness to which are finds from the surrounding area (Giant Horseman of Diedelkopf, several villae rusticae within Thallichtenberg ’s limits, the Mithraic monument in Reichweiler ). Regional historians have determined that Ruthweiler’s founding date

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936-492: A narrow gorge with steep rocky sides is the Pfeffelbach. These crags’ appearance, however, has been altered by man's quarrying activities. Also, the hills on the brook's right bank reach higher than 400 m above sea level (Niederberg, 446 m) while those on the left bank reach roughly 350 m. The continuous woodlands stretch east of the village on the Niederberg. The municipal area measures 332 ha, of which 36 ha

1014-438: A reference datum for mean sea level (MSL). It is also used in aviation, where some heights are recorded and reported with respect to mean sea level (contrast with flight level ), and in the atmospheric sciences , and in land surveying . An alternative is to base height measurements on a reference ellipsoid approximating the entire Earth, which is what systems such as GPS do. In aviation, the reference ellipsoid known as WGS84

1092-407: A school came into being in the latter half of the 16th century at Castle Lichtenberg for school-aged children within the Burgfrieden , that is, those living in Thallichtenberg , Ruthweiler, Körborn , Bistert (a now vanished village near Thallichtenberg) and Frohnbacher Hof . This first school for the region around the castle wasonly sparsely attended, not least of all because the walk to school

1170-463: A sharp reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, this may increase to hundreds of millions in the latter decades of the century. Local factors like tidal range or land subsidence will greatly affect the severity of impacts. For instance, sea level rise in the United States is likely to be two to three times greater than the global average by the end of the century. Yet, of the 20 countries with

1248-516: A sister of Gustavus Adolphus in the 17th century. Wolfgang had in 1553 with the Heidelberg Succession agreement regulated the mutual inheritance of all Wittelsbach lines reaching from Veldenz-Palatinate to the county Lützelstein in Alsace. The grandson of Georg Hans, Leopold Ludwig von Lützelstein, died in 1694 as a poor man without legitimate offspring and the county-Palatinate of Veldenz, which

1326-405: Is a type of vertical datum  – a standardised geodetic datum  – that is used, for example, as a chart datum in cartography and marine navigation , or, in aviation, as the standard sea level at which atmospheric pressure is measured to calibrate altitude and, consequently, aircraft flight levels . A common and relatively straightforward mean sea-level standard

1404-458: Is an exhaustive book by Weingarth (1996). Today, agriculture plays only a subordinate role in Ruthweiler’s economy, many farms having been given up and a few having expanded. The village is nowadays a residential community for people in the most varied of occupations. The nearby castle also affords good opportunities for promoting tourism . Ruthweiler has opened four new building areas, including

1482-488: Is because the sea is in constant motion, affected by the tides, wind , atmospheric pressure, local gravitational differences, temperature, salinity , and so forth. The mean sea level at a particular location may be calculated over an extended time period and used as a datum . For example, hourly measurements may be averaged over a full Metonic 19-year lunar cycle to determine the mean sea level at an official tide gauge . Still-water level or still-water sea level (SWL)

1560-427: Is due to change in either the volume of water in the world's oceans or the volume of the oceanic basins . Two major mechanisms are currently causing eustatic sea level rise. First, shrinking land ice, such as mountain glaciers and polar ice sheets, is releasing water into the oceans. Second, as ocean temperatures rise, the warmer water expands. Many factors can produce short-term changes in sea level, typically within

1638-483: Is increasingly used to define heights; however, differences up to 100 metres (328 feet) exist between this ellipsoid height and local mean sea level. Another alternative is to use a geoid -based vertical datum such as NAVD88 and the global EGM96 (part of WGS84). Details vary in different countries. When referring to geographic features such as mountains, on a topographic map variations in elevation are shown by contour lines . A mountain's highest point or summit

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1716-408: Is instead a long-term average of tide gauge readings at a particular reference location. Sea levels can be affected by many factors and are known to have varied greatly over geological time scales . Current sea level rise is mainly caused by human-induced climate change . When temperatures rise, mountain glaciers and polar ice sheets melt, increasing the amount of water in the oceans, while

1794-481: Is prefixed a syllable Ruth— , believed to have arisen from a man's name, Ruodo , suggesting that the village arose from a homestead founded by an early Frankish settler named Ruodo. According to J. Weingarth, the village had its first documentary mention in 1267 in a cartulary from the monastery on the Remigiusberg, in which it was named as Rudewiler . In 1371, the form Nyeder Rudewilre appeared. Other names that

1872-447: Is the level of the sea with motions such as wind waves averaged out. Then MSL implies the SWL further averaged over a period of time such that changes due to, e.g., the tides , also have zero mean. Global MSL refers to a spatial average over the entire ocean area, typically using large sets of tide gauges and/or satellite measurements. One often measures the values of MSL with respect to

1950-723: Is the main cause. Between 1993 and 2018, melting ice sheets and glaciers accounted for 44% of sea level rise , with another 42% resulting from thermal expansion of water . Sea level rise lags behind changes in the Earth 's temperature by many decades, and sea level rise will therefore continue to accelerate between now and 2050 in response to warming that has already happened. What happens after that depends on human greenhouse gas emissions . If there are very deep cuts in emissions, sea level rise would slow between 2050 and 2100. It could then reach by 2100 slightly over 30 cm (1 ft) from now and approximately 60 cm (2 ft) from

2028-527: Is typically illustrated with the AMSL height in metres, feet or both. In unusual cases where a land location is below sea level, such as Death Valley, California , the elevation AMSL is negative. It is often necessary to compare the local height of the mean sea surface with a "level" reference surface, or geodetic datum, called the geoid . In the absence of external forces, the local mean sea level would coincide with this geoid surface, being an equipotential surface of

2106-464: Is wooded. Ruthweiler borders in the northeast on the municipality of Körborn , in the south on the town of Kusel (constituent communities of Diedelkopf and Bledesbach), in the west on the municipality of Pfeffelbach and in the northwest on the municipality of Thallichtenberg . Also belonging to Ruthweiler is an outlying hospital complex, the Krankenhaus Kusel . Ruthweiler was originally

2184-521: The Rudewillr Wingert (a vineyard ) 3½ Fuder of wine (3 500 L). From 1544 comes an account that tells of a miller named Leonhard from Schweinfurt who held the village's upper mill in Erbbestand (a uniquely German landhold arrangement in which ownership rights and usage rights were separated; this is forbidden by law in modern Germany). In 1570, Ruthweiler was also liable for taxation to

2262-516: The Wildgraves of Kyrburg and Schmidburg family in 1112. The direct male line of the first comital house ceased in 1260 with the death of Gerlach V of Veldenz and his daughter Agnes of Veldenz inherited the county in 1260. Her husband Heinrich of Geroldseck became the founder of the second line of Counts of Veldenz or the House of Veldenz-Geroldseck ( Hohengeroldseck ). In 1444 the county came under

2340-612: The geoid of the Earth, which approximates the local mean sea level for locations in the open ocean. The geoid includes a significant depression in the Indian Ocean , whose surface dips as much as 106 m (348 ft) below the global mean sea level (excluding minor effects such as tides and currents). Precise determination of a "mean sea level" is difficult because of the many factors that affect sea level. Instantaneous sea level varies substantially on several scales of time and space. This

2418-418: The height above mean sea level (AMSL). The term APSL means above present sea level, comparing sea levels in the past with the level today. Earth's radius at sea level is 6,378.137 km (3,963.191 mi) at the equator. It is 6,356.752 km (3,949.903 mi) at the poles and 6,371.001 km (3,958.756 mi) on average. This flattened spheroid , combined with local gravity anomalies , defines

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2496-544: The 1690s. Satellite altimeters have been making precise measurements of sea level since the launch of TOPEX/Poseidon in 1992. A joint mission of NASA and CNES , TOPEX/Poseidon was followed by Jason-1 in 2001 and the Ocean Surface Topography Mission on the Jason-2 satellite in 2008. Height above mean sea level ( AMSL ) is the elevation (on the ground) or altitude (in the air) of an object, relative to

2574-973: The 19th century. With high emissions it would instead accelerate further, and could rise by 1.0 m ( 3 + 1 ⁄ 3  ft) or even 1.6 m ( 5 + 1 ⁄ 3  ft) by 2100. In the long run, sea level rise would amount to 2–3 m (7–10 ft) over the next 2000 years if warming stays to its current 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) over the pre-industrial past. It would be 19–22 metres (62–72 ft) if warming peaks at 5 °C (9.0 °F). Rising seas affect every coastal and island population on Earth. This can be through flooding, higher storm surges , king tides , and tsunamis . There are many knock-on effects. They lead to loss of coastal ecosystems like mangroves . Crop yields may reduce because of increasing salt levels in irrigation water. Damage to ports disrupts sea trade. The sea level rise projected by 2050 will expose places currently inhabited by tens of millions of people to annual flooding. Without

2652-554: The County of Veldenz. When Rupert died in 1544, son George John succeeded him as Count Palatine of Veldenz. George married Anna Maria of Sweden , a daughter of Gustav I of Sweden , in 1563. This was the joining of the House of Wittelsbach with the Swedish Vasa royal family which was strengthened by a further marriage when Johann Casimir of Pfalz-Zweibrücken married Catharina of Sweden ,

2730-580: The Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha . Its seat was Sankt Wendel , and it was subdivided into the Cantons of Sankt Wendel, Baumholder (in which Ruthweiler lay) and Grumbach. Ruthweiler was a border town in this new territorial order, lying right at the principality’s eastern limit. As part of this state, Ruthweiler passed in 1834 by sale – the price was 2,100,000 Thalers – to the Kingdom of Prussia , which made this area into

2808-448: The Earth's gravitational field which, in itself, does not conform to a simple sphere or ellipsoid and exhibits gravity anomalies such as those measured by NASA's GRACE satellites . In reality, the geoid surface is not directly observed, even as a long-term average, due to ocean currents, air pressure variations, temperature and salinity variations, etc. The location-dependent but time-persistent separation between local mean sea level and

2886-442: The Kusel district as a whole. It could be that Ruthweiler's population levels have been holding steady rather than shrinking because the village lies right near the district seat of Kusel . The following table shows population development over the centuries for Ruthweiler: The village's name, Ruthweiler, has the common German placename ending —weiler , which as a standalone word means “ hamlet ” (originally “homestead”), to which

2964-672: The Marégraphe in Marseilles measures continuously the sea level since 1883 and offers the longest collated data about the sea level. It is used for a part of continental Europe and the main part of Africa as the official sea level. Spain uses the reference to measure heights below or above sea level at Alicante , while the European Vertical Reference System is calibrated to the Amsterdam Peil elevation, which dates back to

3042-578: The Rhenish Provincial Church to the church district of Sankt Wendel. Fundamentally, this organizational structure remains in place even today. The municipality got its first graveyard in 1828. Formerly, the dead had had to be buried in either Pfeffelbach or Kusel . The new graveyard came into being in 1925. Although the Catholic faith was once again allowed after the Thirty Years' War , Evangelical Christians have retained their majority down to

3120-744: The Rhineland (a full member of the Evangelical Church in Germany ). The Duke of Saxe-Cobourg decreed the merger of the two Protestant denominations in 1818, and the decision handed down by a synod in Baumholder in 1820 instituted the “complete union” of the two denominations, Lutheranism and Calvinism. The now united Evangelical Church of the Principality of Lichtenberg belonged in Prussian times after 1834 within

3198-767: The Rhineland-Palatinate Ministry of the Interior. The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate ’s Directory of Cultural Monuments: Ruthweiler holds its kermis (church consecration festival) on the first weekend in July. Other old – and new – customs follow the general pattern seen elsewhere in the Kuseler Land . Village life is shaped by the municipality’s clubs. Ruthweiler has an 1. FC Kaiserslautern fan club called Briggedeiwel , and also

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3276-623: The Sankt Wendel district in the Rhine Province . More locally, Ruthweiler lay within the Bürgermeisterei (“Mayoralty”) and later Amt of Burglichtenberg. Although the name Burglichtenberg is almost the same as Burg Lichtenberg , the German name for Castle Lichtenberg , the name was not drawn from the castle itself, but rather from a small village that had arisen on the castle grounds after

3354-565: The castle itself had been burnt down in 1799. Later, after the First World War , the Treaty of Versailles stipulated, among other things, that 26 of the Sankt Wendel district's 94 municipalities had to be ceded to the British - and French - occupied Saar in 1919. The remaining 68 municipalities then bore the designation “Restkreis St. Wendel-Baumholder”, with the first syllable of Restkreis having

3432-656: The duchy’s subjects under Ludwig’s brother, Ruprecht , who was acting as regent for Duke Wolfgang , who had not yet come of age. Beginning in 1588, Count Palatine Johannes I forced all his subjects to convert to Reformed belief as espoused by John Calvin . In the Saxe-Cobourg Principality of Lichtenberg and later on, in the Prussian Rhine Province , the Protestant church establishment in Ruthweiler found its way into today’s Evangelical Church in

3510-415: The existing seawater also expands with heat. Because most of human settlement and infrastructure was built in response to a more-normalized sea level with limited expected change, populations affected by sea level rise will need to invest in climate adaptation to mitigate the worst effects or, when populations are at extreme risk, a process of managed retreat . The term above sea level generally refers to

3588-713: The far side of the brook without a problem. In connection with the events of the French Revolution , the old feudal structures were swept away and new territorial entities sprang up. During the time of French rule, Ruthweiler belonged to the Mairie (“Mayoralty”) of Burglichtenberg, the Canton of Kusel, the Arrondissement of Birkenfeld and the Department of Sarre . After Napoleon ’s troops were defeated and driven out of Germany,

3666-577: The first one in the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel financed by a private investor, “Borrech”. Ruthweiler's businesses include an inn , a café and a shop. Ruthweiler also has a village archive , created and maintained by a municipal club. As a result of the Reformation and the efforts to afford believers access to the Bible , the Protestant rulers in general tried to further the cause of schooling. Thus,

3744-482: The geoid is referred to as (mean) ocean surface topography . It varies globally in a typical range of ±1 m (3 ft). Several terms are used to describe the changing relationships between sea level and dry land. The melting of glaciers at the end of ice ages results in isostatic post-glacial rebound , when land rises after the weight of ice is removed. Conversely, older volcanic islands experience relative sea level rise, due to isostatic subsidence from

3822-624: The greatest exposure to sea level rise, twelve are in Asia , including Indonesia , Bangladesh and the Philippines. The resilience and adaptive capacity of ecosystems and countries also varies, which will result in more or less pronounced impacts. The greatest impact on human populations in the near term will occur in the low-lying Caribbean and Pacific islands . Sea level rise will make many of them uninhabitable later this century. Pilots can estimate height above sea level with an altimeter set to

3900-551: The height of planetary features. Local mean sea level (LMSL) is defined as the height of the sea with respect to a land benchmark, averaged over a period of time long enough that fluctuations caused by waves and tides are smoothed out, typically a year or more. One must adjust perceived changes in LMSL to account for vertical movements of the land, which can occur at rates similar to sea level changes (millimetres per year). Some land movements occur because of isostatic adjustment to

3978-468: The knight Sir Stumpf of Simmern ( Ritter Stumpf von Simmern ). Johannes Hoffmann described the village and its environs in his 1588 description of the Oberamt of Lichtenberg. During the Thirty Years' War , neighbouring Castle Lichtenberg was not destroyed, but the surrounding villages suffered greatly under both the war's ravages and the prevailing sicknesses, foremost among these being the Plague . Ruthweiler

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4056-576: The land; hence a change in relative MSL or ( relative sea level ) can result from a real change in sea level, or from a change in the height of the land on which the tide gauge operates, or both. In the UK, the ordnance datum (the 0 metres height on UK maps) is the mean sea level measured at Newlyn in Cornwall between 1915 and 1921. Before 1921, the vertical datum was MSL at the Victoria Dock, Liverpool . Since

4134-481: The melting of ice sheets at the end of the last ice age . The weight of the ice sheet depresses the underlying land, and when the ice melts away the land slowly rebounds . Changes in ground-based ice volume also affect local and regional sea levels by the readjustment of the geoid and true polar wander . Atmospheric pressure , ocean currents and local ocean temperature changes can affect LMSL as well. Eustatic sea level change (global as opposed to local change)

4212-459: The new Regierungsbezirk of Rheinhessen-Pfalz , although this has since been dissolved. In earlier days, the Ruthweiler villagers earned their livelihoods mainly at agriculture , though even by the Middle Ages and right up until the French Revolution , Castle Lichtenberg also employed compulsory labourers , day labourers , maidservants and menservants. Since only a few people can today earn

4290-443: The pilot can estimate height above ground by subtracting the terrain altitude from the altimeter reading. Aviation charts are divided into boxes and the maximum terrain altitude from MSL in each box is clearly indicated. Once above the transition altitude, the altimeter is set to the international standard atmosphere (ISA) pressure at MSL which is 1013.25 hPa or 29.92 inHg. County of Veldenz The County Palatine of Veldenz

4368-824: The present day. The village's Roman Catholics, as guided by their historical development, belong to the deaconry of Sankt Wendel in the Diocese of Trier . The council is made up of 8 council members, who were elected by majority vote at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman. Ruthweiler's mayor is Sven Dick (elected on 7 June 2009), and his deputies are Alfred Weber and Lothar Schwarz. The German blazon reads: Von Silber und Blau geteilt, oben ein wachsender, rotbewehrter und -bezungter, blauer Löwe, unten zwei waagrecht übereinanderliegende, silberne Mühleisen. The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per fess argent

4446-502: The rule of Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken by his marriage to Anna of Veldenz , the only heiress of Count Frederick III of Veldenz . As of 1532, the entire County Palantine of Zweibrücken passed to the child Wolfgang . In 1543, when Wolfgang reached majority and took on the responsibilities of office, he enacted the Marburg Contract, giving his uncle Rupert , who had served as his regent and guardian for 11 years,

4524-648: The same meaning as in English, in the sense of “left over”. The district seat was at Baumholder . Ruthweiler belonged to the Restkreis until 1937, when it was transferred to the Birkenfeld district . This was created by uniting the Restkreis with a hitherto Oldenburg district of that same name. The new, bigger district was grouped into the Prussian Regierungsbezirk of Koblenz. After the Second World War ,

4602-439: The school at the castle only served schoolchildren from Burglichtenberg and Ruthweiler. In 1870, the castle schoolhouse burnt down, and then the municipalities of Burglichtenberg and Ruthweiler built a new one in the upper village. In 1910, Burglichtenberg, the settlement within the castle grounds, was dissolved. Families who wanted to keep living there thenceforth belonged to the municipality of Thallichtenberg. Since Thallichtenberg

4680-514: The south, at Kusel and Reichweiler some 5 and 8 km away, respectively. Kreisstraße 23 leads by way of Castle Lichtenberg to Körborn . Serving Kusel is Kusel station on the Landstuhl–Kusel railway . Sea level Mean sea level ( MSL , often shortened to sea level ) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth 's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL

4758-587: The then Amtsbürgermeister Sohns bought the former state scrivener's office at Castle Lichtenberg at auction to have a school set up inside it for schoolchildren from Burglichtenberg, Thallichtenberg and Ruthweiler. Of the villages of the Burgfrieden , the village of Bistert had now ceased to exist, while Körborn and the Frohnbacherhof now lay in the Kingdom of Bavaria and thus, fitted into another school framework. After Thallichtenberg got its own schoolhouse in 1845,

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4836-467: The then newly founded County Palatine of Zweibrücken . The village’s first documentary mention in 1267 (according to Weingarth) comes from a taxation book from the monastery on the Remigiusberg. The 1371 document with the name Nyder Rudewilre (“Lower Ruthweiler”) deals with a border description defining the geographical limits of the Burgfrieden (castle's sovereign area) of Castle Lichtenberg . This further shows that at that time, there were two villages,

4914-507: The times of the Russian Empire , in Russia and its other former parts, now independent states, the sea level is measured from the zero level of Kronstadt Sea-Gauge. In Hong Kong, "mPD" is a surveying term meaning "metres above Principal Datum" and refers to height of 0.146 m (5.7 in) above chart datum and 1.304 m (4 ft 3.3 in) below the average sea level. In France,

4992-614: The victorious powers discussed a new territorial order, and the Congress of Vienna wrought yet another territorial reorganization. In 1816, Ruthweiler passed to the Principality of Lichtenberg . Put together from part of the former Oberamt of Lichtenberg, parts of the former Electorate of Trier and the Waldgraviate-Rhinegraviate , this was a newly created exclave of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld , which as of 1826 became

5070-410: The village at first lay in the Regierungsbezirk of Koblenz in the then newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate . In the course of administrative restructuring in this state in 1968, the Amt of Burglichtenberg was dissolved on 1 January 1972. Ruthweiler passed to the newly founded Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan and to the Kusel district, in which it remains today. It also found itself in

5148-625: The village has borne over time are Rudewilr (1390), Rudewiller (1436) and Rothweiler (1740). It is unclear whether the village of Heubweiler, mentioned in the 14th century, lay within Ruthweiler's or Kusel -Diedelkopf's limits. It is likely that both villages now hold a share of this vanished village. Heubweiler lay southwest of Diedelkopf in the area where the hospital now stands. It had its first documentary mention in 1318 as Hupvilre – and its last documentary mention in 1588 as Heubweiler by Johannes Hoffmann, but even then, Hoffmann described it as an old (that is, former) village site. As one of

5226-443: The village stands the former schoolhouse , now the village community centre. The graveyard lies down the valley at a junction on the road to Kusel . The Krankenhaus Kusel (hospital) on the east slope of the Heibelberg ( Westpfalzklinikum II ) stands east of the village, but still within its limits, despite its name. Further new building zones are to be opened. Alongside the road once ran the Kusel - Türkismühle railway line, which

5304-424: The village, and newcomers settled it again, with the population in the years that followed only slowly recovering its numbers. From the late 18th century until the mid 19th century, steady growth was to be noted, but more recently, the trend has been a stagnant one, with population levels hardly changing at all since the 1920s. Nevertheless, this must be considered against the backdrop of a general fall in population in

5382-471: The villages within the Castle Lichtenberg Burgfrieden , people from Ruthweiler always attended services at the church at Castle Lichtenberg, which from the Middle Ages to early modern times was Saint George ’s Chapel , and as of 1758 the newly built church near the tithe barn. Ludwig II, Duke of Zweibrücken , who died in 1532, was already a supporter of the Reformation , which was introduced bindingly, and according to Martin Luther ’s teachings, for all

5460-411: The weight of cooling volcanos. The subsidence of land due to the withdrawal of groundwater is another isostatic cause of relative sea level rise. On planets that lack a liquid ocean, planetologists can calculate a "mean altitude" by averaging the heights of all points on the surface. This altitude, sometimes referred to as a "sea level" or zero-level elevation , serves equivalently as a reference for

5538-429: Was a principality in the contemporary Land Rhineland-Palatinate with full voting rights to the Reichstag. The county was located partially between Kaiserslautern , Sponheim and Zweibrücken , partially on the Mosel in the Archbishopric of Trier . A municipality of the same name, Veldenz , and a castle , Schloss Veldenz , are located in the district of Bernkastel-Wittlich . The Counts of Veldenz separated from

5616-434: Was built in 1936 and closed in 1969, and whose right-of-way is now used as a hiking and cycling trail. In the area where Ruthweiler now lies, people had already settled in prehistoric times . Bearing witness to this is an archaeological find: “stump-butted axe with whetted edge, porphyry , length 20 cm. At the discovery site, a fine ash layer and two non-local agate or basalt stones were discovered. It could be

5694-580: Was in ruins after many French attacks, reverted to the Zweibrücken line, specifically King of Sweden Charles XI , who ruled in personal union with the duchy of Palatine Zweibrücken . However, the bordering Electoral Palatinate also wanted the ruins, which they obtained in 1733. In 1801 it was incorporated into the Saardepartement of the First French Empire . The Congress of Vienna , 1815, gave

5772-448: Was later built. The incorrect information stems from a mistake made by local historians from Kusel who deposited the axe in the Town and Local History Museum. Had this mistake not been made, the axe's official discovery site would have been in Ruthweiler, and thus on the other side of what was at the time a Regierungsbezirk boundary, which in turn would have required the artefact to be kept at

5850-413: Was long and arduous. All the good intentions that went into these initiatives in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, however, were annihilated in the ravages of the Thirty Years' War . School, however, began again quite soon after the war. Listed on the castle steward's 1671 chart (23 years after the war ended) are three pupils from Ruthweiler, fewer than half the village's school-aged children. Usually,

5928-872: Was now also asserting ownership rights on the schoolhouse in Ruthweiler and was demanding a financial adjustment, a court case ensued that was put to an end only after the Second World War by a compromise. After Ruthweiler was grouped into the Kusel district in 1969, primary school pupils attended classes in Pfeffelbach . Since then, the Hauptschule students have been attending school in Kusel . Also represented in Kusel are other types of school ( Gymnasium , Realschule , vocational school , special schools ). Ruthweiler lies on Landesstraße 176, which links Kusel with Baumholder . The nearest Autobahn interchanges are on Autobahn A 62 ( Kaiserslautern – Trier ), running to

6006-565: Was sometime in the 8th or 9th century, putting it in the time when the Franks were newly settling the land. The founding likely actually came later, but certainly long before the village’s first documentary mention. Ruthweiler lay in the Remigiusland and thus became a holding of the County of Veldenz in the early 12th century, and like all villages in this state, ended up in 1444 under the overlordship of

6084-410: Was utterly destroyed during this war and afterwards had to be settled all over again. Further hardship and woe came in the late 17th century with French King Louis XIV's wars of conquest. In the 18th century, the village once again reached its former size. In 1749, the wooden bridge, which was so often falling into disrepair, was replaced with a stone bridge, and peasants could now reach their plots on

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