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37-578: The Rutenberg power station, named for Pinhas Rutenberg , is owned and operated by the Israel Electric Corporation (IEC). Rutenberg is the newest thermal power station in Israel and the second largest in terms of generation capacity. It accounts for about 15 percent of the IEC's total capacity. The power station is situated close to the sea since its cooling system uses sea water. The power station has

74-517: A "peaceful workers' procession" to the Winter Palace in order to present a petition to the Emperor . Rutenberg participated, with his party's approval. In a tragic turn of events, army pickets fired directly into the crowd, and hundreds were killed. Amid the panic, Rutenberg retained self-control and actually saved Gapon's life, taking him away from gunfire. This incident, known as Bloody Sunday , sparked

111-732: A member of the defense committee. The city was governed by White Russians who were supported by the French army . On 17 March 1919 he managed to obtain a Russian passport and with an exit visa boarded an American vessel that took him to the Allied-controlled city of Constantinople . From there he sailed to Marseille , later going on to the United Kingdom before departing to British Mandate of Palestine . In 1919, Rutenberg appeared in Paris and joined other Zionist leaders, preparing propositions for

148-427: A month Gapon was found there hanged. Rutenberg asserted later that Gapon was condemned by a comrades' court and that three S.R. party combatants overheard their conversation from the next room. After Gapon had repeated his collaboration proposal, Rutenberg called the comrades into the room and he left. When he returned, Gapon was dead. However, the S.R. party leadership refused to assume responsibility, announcing that

185-437: A total installed capacity of 2,250 MW. It is arranged in two blocks, each containing two power generating units. Two 550 MW boilers were supplied by Combustion Engineering (ABB) and two 575 MW boilers were supplied by Babcock & Wilcox . Turbines and generators were supplied by GEC-Alstom and ABB . The power station consumes 18,240 tonnes of coal per day, and 330 tonnes of cooling water per hour. Block B

222-648: The Arab hostilities in 1921 . He participated in the demarcation of Mandatory Palestine's northern border, defining British and French areas of interest. In 1921 – over fierce Arab-Palestinian protests against giving the Yishuv an economic stranglehold of the country – the British granted Rutenberg the Jaffa and (later) the Jordan River electricity concessions. The Jaffa concession had been

259-621: The Assembly of Russian Factory and Plant Workers  [ ru ] , founded in 1903 by a popular working-class leader, Father George Gapon . Gapon collaborated in secret with the Police Department (the Okhrana ), which believed this to be the way to control the workers' movement. Rutenberg became Gapon's friend, which made him a noticeable figure in the S.R. party. For Sunday, 22 January [ O.S. 9 January] 1905, Gapon organised

296-613: The Haganah were also founded in 1920. Jewish communal affairs were generally conducted through a hierarchy of representative organizations, including the JNC. The members of the JNC also participated in meetings of the Zionist General Council. The organization represented almost all major Jewish factions, however a few smaller groups at first objected to the creation of centralized leadership. Notably, Agudat Israel joined only in 1935. It

333-719: The Jewish Legion . In May 1915, on Jabotinsky's approval, Rutenberg travelled to the United States to promote this idea among the American Jewry. He found strong support among Jewish organizations in New York City . Rutenberg endorsed the labour party ( Poalei Zion ) and cooperated with David Ben-Gurion , Itzhak Ben-Zvi , and Ber Borochov . Together with Chaim Zhitlowsky , he founded the American Jewish Congress. At

370-751: The Jewish People's Council was the main national executive organ of the Assembly of Representatives of the Jewish community ( Yishuv ) within Mandatory Palestine . Its responsibilities included education, culture, local government, welfare, healthcare, religious service, security and defense. Since 1928 it was also the official representative of the Yishuv to the British Mandate government. Established in 1920, it operated until 1948, when its functions were passed to

407-582: The Ottoman Empire to Greek citizen Euripides Mavromatis. After Palestine was conquered by British forces , Mavromatis resisted Palestine Electric Company's attempts of building a power station that would serve Jerusalem. Only in 1942, when his British-Jerusalem Electric Corporation failed to supply the demands of the city, did the Mandatory government ask the Palestine Electric Company to take over

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444-623: The Palestine Electric Corporation . Following initial difficulties in launching the project, he sought and received support from then Colonial Secretary Winston Churchill . Rutenberg invited influential British politicians, such as Lord Herbert Samuel and Lord Reading , as well as Hugo Hirst , the Director of the General Electric Company , to be members of his Corporation Council. The formidable achievement of Rutenberg

481-574: The Russian Revolution of 1905 . Gapon and Rutenberg fled abroad, being welcomed in Europe both by prominent Russian emigrants (such as Georgy Plekhanov and Vladimir Lenin ), and by French socialist leaders (such as Jean Jaurès and Georges Clemenceau ). Before the end of 1905, Rutenberg returned to Russia, and Gapon followed him. Gapon soon revealed to Rutenberg his contacts with the police and tried to recruit him, too, reasoning that double loyalty

518-636: The State of Israel was established in 1948, this departmental structure served as a basis for the government ministries. On March 2, 1948, the New Jewish Council: " begins work on organization of Jewish provisional government" On May 14, 1948, (the expiration day of the British Mandate), its members gathered at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art and ratified the proclamation declaring the establishment of

555-579: The Treaty of Versailles . Promoting the electrification plan, he received financial support from Baron Edmond James de Rothschild and his son James A. de Rothschild and, finally, settled in Palestine to realise it. However, his first contribution after arrival was establishing, together with Jabotinsky, the Jewish self-defense militia, the Haganah . Rutenberg was the chief officer of these troops in Tel Aviv during

592-550: The Bolsheviks released Rutenberg, among many others. He moved to Moscow, the new capital, and took a position in the cooperative movement. However, after the unsuccessful attempt upon Lenin's life by Fanny Kaplan in August 1918, the " Red Terror " campaign against " Esers " was launched. Rutenberg escaped from Moscow. His last location in Russia was in the port city of Odessa , where he was

629-573: The British forces during World War II . In the 1940s, departments for physical training, culture and press and information were added. The report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry issued in 1946, stated: "The Jews have developed, under the aegis of the Jewish Agency and the JNC, a strong and tightly-woven community. There thus exists a virtual Jewish nonterritorial State with its own executive and legislative organs..." When

666-846: The Carmel overlooking Haifa. However, suffering from throat cancer he moved to Jerusalem in July 1941 to be nearer to Hadassah Hospital. Rutenberg died in Jerusalem on 3 January 1942 at age 62. He left his house for the education of youth. The current resident at Beyt Rutenberg (Rutenberg House) is the Rutenberg Institute. A large modern power station near Ashkelon is named after him. Additionally, streets in Ramat Gan and Netanya are named in his honor. Vaad Leumi The Jewish National Council ( JNC ; Hebrew : ועד לאומי , Va'ad Le'umi ), also known as

703-641: The Palestine Electric Corporation in 1923, currently the Israel Electric Corporation . A vocal and committed Zionist, Rutenberg also participated in establishing the Haganah , the main Jewish militia to defend Jews from Arab attacks, and founded Palestine Airways . He subsequently served as a president of the Jewish National Council . Pinhas Rutenberg was born in the town of Romny , north of Poltava , Russian Empire , now in Ukraine (also

740-535: The chimney of Unit B. Five others were rescued by a helicopter of the Special Rescue Tactical Unit (669) of the Israeli Air Force. On March 13th, 2023, a crane on the pier collapsed as a result of strong winds. One person was hurt and two were killed. Their corpses were found several days later. As a result, it was impossible to supply the power plant by ship and it was necessary to deliver coal to

777-559: The early 1980s, after completion of the first phase of the Orot Rabin power station near Hadera. Phase A became operational in 1990. Phase B was finished in 2000. Coal was transported to the station by freight trains from the Port of Ashdod until an on-site deepwater coal pier was completed in 2000. On 7 October 2023, the power plant was attacked by rockets, presumably by Hamas . On May 8th, 1998, nine workers were killed during construction work on

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814-519: The early 2010s led to the plan's cancellation. As a result, 60 dunams of land originally reserved for phase D expansion at the site will be returned by the IEC to the State of Israel in 2020. If built, Phase D would have increased plant generation capacity by an additional 1,250 MW. Pinhas Rutenberg Pinhas Rutenberg ( Russian : Пётр Моисеевич Рутенберг , Pyotr Moiseyevich Rutenberg; Hebrew : פנחס רוטנברג : 5 February 1879 – 3 January 1942)

851-446: The execution was undertaken by Rutenberg individually and that the cause was a personal one, denying ever having sent their comrades to the meeting on 26 March. Rutenberg was then condemned and expelled from the party. Forced to emigrate, Rutenberg settled in Italy . Away from politics, he concentrated on hydraulic engineering. Pondering on specific Jewish problems, he became convinced that

888-610: The first to have been executed. Operating under the name of the Jaffa Electric Company, Rutenberg in 1923 built a grid that gradually covered Jaffa, Tel Aviv, neighbouring (mainly Jewish) settlements, and the British military installations in Sarafend . The grid was powered by diesel engines , in contrast to the original commitment of Rutenberg to build a hydro-electric power station on the Auja (Yarkon) river . In 1923, Rutenberg founded

925-585: The government. On 3 November Rutenberg became a member of the emergency Supreme Council, created by Kerensky to preserve order and justice. During an assault on the Winter Palace on 7 November, the night of the October Revolution , Rutenberg defended the government residence after Kerensky had escaped. When the Bolsheviks prevailed, he was arrested and put in jail, together with the "capitalist ministers". In March 1918, when German troops approached Petrograd,

962-647: The hometown of Haim Arlosoroff and three of the founders of the first kibbutz , Degania ). After graduating from a practical high school, he enrolled to the Technology Institute in Saint Petersburg and joined the Socialist-Revolutionary Party (also known as the S.R. or Eser party). He worked as a workshop manager at the Putilov plant , the largest Petersburg factory. The plant was a center of

999-460: The newly-established state of Israel . The JNC, established in 1920 in order to conduct Jewish communal affairs, was created along with the Assembly of Representatives , whose members selected from among themselves the members of the National Council. The first Assembly consisted of 314 elected Representatives. The first chairman of the JNC was Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook . The Histadrut and

1036-402: The plant by truck, requiring 170 truck journeys per day. On May 21st, 2024, a worker received an electric shock and died five days later. Phase D expansion consisting of additional coal units at the site was approved in 2008. However, several subsequent objections and the greatly increased availability of domestically-produced natural gas in Israel as an alternative to imported coal starting in

1073-655: The prime minister of the Russian Provisional Government , Alexander Kerensky , also an S.R party member. Despite 12 years of absence in Russia, Rutenberg was soon named vice-president of the Petrograd municipality, the local Duma . In a couple of months, Petrograd Soviet , headed by Leon Trotsky , became an alternative power in the capital, hostile towards the Duma. It was clear that the Soviets were planning to overthrow

1110-568: The responsibility for supplying electricity to Jerusalem. In October 1934 Rutenberg acted as mediator between David Ben-Gurion and Zeev Jabotinsky , during a series of meetings in London intended to reconcile the two, but the resulting London Agreements were short-lived. On 17 September 1939 Rutenberg was elected for the second time as the president of the Jewish National Council. That same year Rutenberg moved into his new mansion on

1147-743: The same time, Rutenberg published his book The National Revival of the Jewish People under the pseudonym Pinhas Ben-Ami (in Hebrew : my people's son). While in the US, Rutenberg managed to complete a detailed design for utilizing the Land of Israel's hydraulic resources for irrigation and electrical power production, which was his long-time dream. Rutenberg greeted the Russian February Revolution of 1917, and in July 1917 he returned to Petrograd, welcomed by

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1184-566: The solution was to establish a national home for the Jewish people. After World War I broke out, the Zionist movement mainly supported the Entente Powers . Rutenberg set the goal to create a Jewish armed force to fight for the Land of Israel . He visited European capitals, met prominent politicians and Zionist leaders, and finally joined the efforts of Zeev Jabotinsky and Joseph Trumpeldor to set up

1221-646: Was a Russian businessman, hydraulic engineer and political activist. In Russia He was a member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party , and fled due to the Bolshevik revolution . During World War I , he was among the founders of the Jewish Legion and of the American Jewish Congress . Later, he immigrated to Mandatory Palestine , and used his education and diplomacy to obtain a concession for production and distribution of electric power and founded

1258-684: Was announce only in 1946 that the Sephardic Jews and the Zionist Revisionists, would stop refusing to participate in the JNC. The Political Department of the JNC was responsible for relations with the Arabs, ties with the Jewish Agency and negotiations with the British government. As the yishuv grew, the JNC adopted more functions, such as education, health care and welfare services, internal defense and security matters, and organized recruitment to

1295-507: Was constructed with a scrubber (for FGD ), while additional pollution control devices were being fitted to the block in 2020. Block A was not originally constructed with an FGD scrubber but one was later retrofitted to it (which also necessitated the construction of a new flue stack). It along with other pollution control devices (including an SCR system for NO x reduction) became operational in December 2018. Construction began in

1332-413: Was helpful to the workers' cause. However, Rutenberg betrayed his trust and reported this provocation to his party leaders, Yevno Azef and Boris Savinkov . Azef demanded that the traitor be put to death. Ironically, he was in fact an agent provocateur himself, exposed by Vladimir Burtsev in 1908. On 26 March 1906, Gapon arrived to meet Rutenberg in a rented cottage outside Saint Petersburg, and after

1369-521: Was the " First Jordan Hydro-Electric Power House " at Naharayim on the Jordan River , which opened in 1930, and earned him the nickname "The Old Man of Naharayim". Other power plants were built in Tel Aviv, Haifa , and Tiberias , which supplied all of Palestine. Jerusalem was the only part of the Mandatory Palestine not supplied by Rutenberg's plants. The concession for Jerusalem was granted by

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