Misplaced Pages

#843156

39-608: Sukanto Tanoto founded his first business in 1967, supplying spare parts to the oil and construction industries in Indonesia, before winning contracts in building gas pipelines for multinationals in 1972. His business grew considerably following the 1973 oil crisis when he open his own plywood mill in Indonesia. He diversified into palm oil in 1979. Since 1985, Tanoto’s companies have planted 30,000 acres of palm oil plantation each year, with plantations spread over three provinces in Sumatra with

78-451: A carbon price , due to their dispatchable generation and because shale gas and liquefied natural gas prices have fallen since they were built. Even in places with a carbon price, such as the EU, existing gas-fired power stations remain economically viable, partly due to increasing restrictions on coal-fired power because of its pollution. Even when replacing coal power, the decision to build

117-817: A heat recovery steam generator and a steam turbine which use the Rankine cycle . The most common configuration is two gas-turbines supporting one steam turbine. They are slightly more expensive than simple cycle plants but can achieve efficiencies up to 55% and dispatch times of around half an hour. Reciprocating internal combustion engines tend to be under 20 MW, thus much smaller than other types of natural gas-fired electricity generator, and are typically used for emergency power or to balance variable renewable energy such as wind and solar. Relatively efficient gas-fired power stations – such as those based on combined cycle gas turbines – emit about 450 grams (16 oz) of CO 2 per kilowatt-hour of electricity generated. This

156-534: A biodiesel plant and a crushing plant. Bracell is one of the largest specialty cellulose producers in the world. Its operations are in Brazil. It produces different grades of specialty cellulose. It was formerly known as Sateri Holdings Limited, which undergone a name change on February 26, 2015. Bracell was privatized on Oct 24, 2016. RGE completed the acquisition of Lwarcel Celulose from Lwart Group on Aug 31, 2018. Lwarcel will be managed under Bracell Group. Sateri

195-424: A few dozen hours per year—depending on the electricity demand and the generating capacity of the region. In areas with a shortage of base-load and load following power plant capacity or with low fuel costs, a gas turbine powerplant may regularly operate most hours of the day. A large single-cycle gas turbine typically produces 100 to 400 megawatts of electric power and has 35–40% thermodynamic efficiency . In

234-452: A heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) to power a conventional steam turbine in a combined cycle configuration. The 605 MW General Electric 9HA achieved a 62.22% efficiency rate with temperatures as high as 1,540 °C (2,800 °F). For 2018, GE offers its 826 MW HA at over 64% efficiency in combined cycle due to advances in additive manufacturing and combustion breakthroughs, up from 63.7% in 2017 orders and on track to achieve 65% by

273-457: A new battery storage power station together with solar power or wind power is cheaper in the long-term than building a new gas plant, as the gas plant risks becoming a stranded asset . As of 2019 a few gas-fired power plants are being retired because they are unable to stop and start quickly enough. Despite the falling cost of variable renewable energy most existing gas-fired power plants remain profitable, especially in countries without

312-474: A quarter of world electricity and are significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions . However, they can provide seasonal, dispatchable energy generation to compensate for variable renewable energy deficits, where hydropower or interconnectors are not available. In the early 2020s batteries became competitive with gas peaker plants . A gas-fired power plant is a type of fossil fuel power station in which chemical energy stored in natural gas, which

351-436: A share sale. Sukanto Tanoto Sukanto Tanoto , born Tan Kang Hoo ( Chinese : 陳江和 ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Tân Kang Hām ; born 25 December 1949) is an Indonesian businessman primarily involved in resources-based manufacturing. After starting as a supplier of equipment and materials for the state-owned oil firm Pertamina , Tanoto moved into the forest industry in 1973. Tanoto's business interests are represented by

390-467: A simple cycle gas-turbine, also known as open-cycle gas-turbine (OCGT) generators, hot gas drives a gas turbine to generate electricity. This type of plant is relatively cheap to build and can start very quickly, but due to its lower efficiency is at most only run for a few hours a day as a peaking power plant . CCGT power plants consist of simple cycle gas-turbines which use the Brayton cycle , followed by

429-511: A stroke, Tanoto was left to run the family business. He gradually moved beyond basic trading to winning contracts in building gas pipelines for multinationals. During the 1973 oil crisis that increased prices dramatically, Tanoto took advantage of clients rapidly expanding their operations. With this injection of capital, Tanoto turned his attention to another business in 1973, noticing that Indonesia exported raw logs for conversion into plywood in countries like Japan or Taiwan , before importing

SECTION 10

#1732863124844

468-673: A total land area of 160,000 hectares. He listed the public pulp and paper business Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings (APRIL) on the New York Stock Exchange in 1995, delisting it in 2001. The company moved its base to Singapore in 1997 in order to mitigate the effects of a global travel ban that had been placed upon Indonesia at the time. In 2011 APRIL became a founding member of the Indonesia Business Council for Sustainable Development. From its base in Singapore,

507-669: Is a viscose staple fiber producers, with a design annual production capacity of 1.4 million tonnes of viscose staple fiber. In 2018, Sateri reported to have three mills with a combined capacity of 600,000 metric tonnes, making it the largest viscose producer in China and third largest in the world. Asia Pacific Rayon is the first fully integrated viscose rayon producer in Asia, with a 240,000-tonne capacity mill located in Pangkalan Kerinci . Pacific Energy (previously known as Pacific Oil & Gas)

546-478: Is about half that of coal-fired power stations but much more than nuclear power plants and renewable energy . However, the more flexible simple-cycle turbines have a significantly higher emissions intensity, frequently as high as 670 grams (24 oz) of CO 2 per kWh, and some older gas turbines can have emissions intensities comparable with even the most emissions intensive coal power stations. However, full Life-cycle emissions of gas-fired power stations

585-508: Is an independent energy resources development company. In the upstream sector, Pacific Energy is focused on the exploration and production of gas in Canada. Its midstream and downstream operations include a liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving terminal and a combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant in China. In addition, it is currently developing gas-fired power plants in China and an LNG export facility in Canada. In 2014, Royal Golden Eagle

624-568: Is featured with printability, and runnability on high speed packaging lines. There are two lines producing BoardOne products. BM11 has a web width of 3.6m, grammage range of 190-380g, main products are FBB and SBS; BM12 has a web width of 4.6m, grammage range of 170-400g, mainly LPB, cigarette packaging boards and food packaging /service boards (cup stock and cup plate etc.). There are two pulp lines located in Shandong mill. BHKP and BSKP can be supplied internally for BoardOne board making. Asian Agri

663-481: Is increased by methane emissions from gas leaks associated with gas production and distribution pipelines as well as from significant venting of waste CO 2 after amine gas treating if carbon capture and storage is employed. Very few power plants have carbon capture and storage . Gas-fired power plants can be modified to run on hydrogen , and according to General Electric a more economically viable option than CCS would be to use more and more hydrogen in

702-566: Is mainly methane , is converted successively into: thermal energy , mechanical energy and, finally, electrical energy . Although they cannot exceed the Carnot cycle limit for conversion of heat energy into useful work, the excess heat, ie the difference between the chemical energy used up and the useful work generated, may be used in cogeneration plants to heat buildings, to produce hot water, or to heat materials on an industrial scale. Industrial gas turbines differ from aeronautical designs in that

741-457: Is one of Asia’s largest palm oil producers, with an annual crude palm oil production capacity of one million tons with 28 oil palm plantations, 19 palm oil mills and 160,000 hectares of palm plantation. Apical , with operations in Indonesia and China, is one Indonesia's largest exporters of palm oil with refining, processing and trading of palm oil for both domestic use and international export. The company's operations in include four refineries,

780-529: The Rainforest Action Network named APRIL as one of Indonesia’s most destructive corporations cutting rainforests and replacing them with monoculture acacia pulp wood plantations grown on these cleared rainforests and peatlands . APRIL and another major company under separate ownership, Asia Pulp & Paper , produce 80 percent of Indonesia’s pulp and paper . Asian Agri was investigated for allegedly evading taxes between 2002 and 2005, which

819-605: The Royal Golden Eagle (RGE) group of companies, previously known as Raja Garuda Mas. Born in Medan , North Sumatra province, Tanoto is the oldest of seven boys. His father was a Chinese immigrant from Putian , Fujian province. In 1966, Tanoto's education was abruptly interrupted after Chinese schools were shut down by then-President Suharto 's new order regime . He was prohibited from attending national schools due to his parents' Chinese citizenship. When his father suffered

SECTION 20

#1732863124844

858-673: The RGE groupwide business principles - to do what is good for community, country, climate and company. In 2017, marking his 50th year as an entrepreneur, Sukanto Tanoto introduced 'Customer' as the fifth C. APRIL has been involved in conservation controversies related to the use of native Sumatran growth forests, which led to the company withdrawing from the Forest Stewardship Council in April 2010. In September 2011, Fuji Xerox ceased selling paper manufactured by APRIL. The company has denied

897-598: The book Key Witness . Beckett Pte Ltd, 29% of which is indirectly owned by Sukanto Tanoto, was in legal disputes against Deutsche Bank, claiming that the bank had pledged shares, owned directly or indirectly by Beckett Pte Ltd in PT Swabara Mining and Energy, PT Asminco Bara Utama, PT Indonesia Bulk Terminal and PT Adaro Indonesia without due process and at an undervalue. Singapore's High Court found in favour of Deutsche Bank. The High Court did however state that Deutsche Bank had "failed to discharge its duties as pledgee" in

936-510: The business has grown considerably, with a workforce of over 80,000 people and its assets exceeding US$ 35 billion. The business has five key operational areas: pulp and paper ( Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings or APRIL, Asia Symbol), agro-industry ( Asian Agri , Apical), specialty cellulose ( Bracell Limited ), viscose fibre ( Sateri , Asia Pacific Rayon ), and energy resources development (Pacific Energy, formerly Pacific Oil & Gas ). In early 2016, Tanoto announced an update of

975-405: The claims, stating it has a commitment to implement practices that mitigate climate change and promote sustainability. In a 2013 report, Greenpeace addresses the influence of deforestation for palm oil that drives Sumatran tigers toward extinction. According to that report, "Tanoto, through his business empire, carries the dubious distinction of being the single largest driver of deforestation in

1014-851: The company conducts activities across four business sectors: pulp and paper; agro industry; dissolving wood pulp and viscose staple fibre; and energy resource development. Located in the Riau province of Indonesia, APRIL operates one of the world’s largest pulp and paper mills. With an annual pulp production capacity of 2.8 million tons and an annual fine paper production capacity of 820,000 tons, it generates employment opportunities for 90,000 local people and represents 6.9% of Riau Province’s economic output (2009). Established in Shandong and Guangdong , China in 2005, Asia Symbol has an annual production capacity of 1.5 million tons of pulp, 450,000 tons of fine paper and 520,000 tons of paper board. Its Shandong plant operates

1053-631: The company consistently denied. In December 2012, the Supreme Court of Indonesia ordered Asian Agri Group to pay Rp2.52 trillion (US$ 260 million) in back taxes and fines as vicarious liability, The company paid the back tax and in January 2014 paid the fine saying it would still file a judicial review. Indonesia’s Tempo magazine was found guilty by the Jakarta court of defaming the company in an investigative report looking into these matters, which were published in

1092-425: The early 2020s. In March 2018, GE Power achieved a 63.08% gross efficiency for its 7HA turbine. Aeroderivative gas turbines can also be used in combined cycles, leading to a higher efficiency, but it will not be as high as a specifically designed industrial gas turbine. They can also be run in a cogeneration configuration: the exhaust is used for space or water heating, or drives an absorption chiller for cooling

1131-482: The family's philanthropic arm, Tanoto Foundation . All four of Tanoto's children are trustee members at Tanoto Foundation. Tanoto's business interests are represented by the Royal Golden Eagle (RGE) , a global resource-based group of companies with manufacturing operations in Indonesia, China , Brazil , Canada and Europe and sales offices worldwide. Since Tanoto started his entrepreneurial journey in 1967,

1170-487: The finished plywood back to Indonesia at great cost. Tanoto recognized an opportunity to develop his own plywood mill in Indonesia but required a permit to do so. Under the Suharto regime, permits were sought from politicians who often served as army generals. Tanoto was forced to work with a general who gave his blessing and was quickly convinced of the mill's potential after seeing the completed factory, with Tanoto citing

1209-405: The frames, bearings, and blading are of heavier construction. They are also much more closely integrated with the devices they power—often an electric generator —and the secondary-energy equipment that is used to recover residual energy (largely heat). They range in size from portable mobile plants to large, complex systems weighing more than a hundred tonnes housed in purpose-built buildings. When

Royal Golden Eagle - Misplaced Pages Continue

1248-448: The gas turbine fuel. Hydrogen can at first be created from natural gas through steam reforming , or by heating to precipitate carbon, as a step towards a hydrogen economy , thus eventually reducing carbon emissions. However others think low-carbon hydrogen (such as natural hydrogen ) should be used for things which are harder to decarbonize , such as making fertilizer , so there may not be enough for electricity generation. Sometimes

1287-458: The gas turbine is used solely for shaft power, its thermal efficiency is about 30%. However, it may be cheaper to buy electricity than to generate it. Therefore, many engines are used in CHP (Combined Heat and Power) configurations that can be small enough to be integrated into portable container configurations. Gas turbines can be particularly efficient when waste heat from the turbine is recovered by

1326-435: The inlet air and increase the power output, technology known as turbine inlet air cooling . Another significant advantage is their ability to be turned on and off within minutes, supplying power during peak, or unscheduled, demand. Since single cycle (gas turbine only) power plants are less efficient than combined cycle plants, they are usually used as peaking power plants , which operate anywhere from several hours per day to

1365-561: The mid-1970s. He also undertook further studies at INSEAD in Fontainebleau , France . In 1997, Tanoto elected to settle in Singapore with his family, establishing his company's headquarters there. Three of his children are active within RGE and its businesses. His son, Anderson , is an RGE director. His eldest daughter Imelda is a member of the RGE executive committee, while his younger daughter Belinda dedicates most of her time to

1404-508: The potential value-add to Indonesia's economy and the creation of new jobs. The plant began operations in 1975 after being inaugurated by Suharto. Slowly, from the plywood business, his company branched out into palm oil as well as pulp and paper . Tanoto is a self-educated entrepreneur but regretted his interrupted education. He learned English word-for-word using a Chinese-English dictionary and finally attended business school in Jakarta in

1443-560: The world identified by Greenpeace." In June 2015, APRIL pledged to eliminate deforestation from its entire supply chain. The announcement was well received by both Greenpeace and the World Wildlife Fund . Gas-fired power plant A gas-fired power plant , sometimes referred to as gas-fired power station , natural gas power plant , or methane gas power plant , is a thermal power station that burns natural gas to generate electricity . Gas-fired power plants generate almost

1482-512: The world’s largest single pulp production line, with state-of-the-art manufacturing technology and environment protection practices. BoardOne (博旺 in Chinese) is the main brand of paperboard products produced by the Shandong mill. It includes several types of packaging, including packaging for food, tobacco, and pharmaceuticals products. BoardOne can be found in Europe, Americas, ME and Asia market. BoardOne

1521-589: Was under considerable pressure from international environmental organisations to improve: In June 2015, both Greenpeace and WWF welcomed the commitments made by RGE and APRIL to zero deforestation across their supply chains. In December 2015, APRIL announced a US$ 100 million investment in conservation and eco-restoration of peatland in Riau, spanning 150,000 hectares. The company and its business groups engage local communities and NGOs to develop programs for community development and fire prevention, to great success. In 2011

#843156