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25-479: Royal Clipper is a steel- hulled five- masted fully rigged tall ship used as a cruise ship . She was redesigned by Robert McFarlane of McFarlane ShipDesign, for Star Clippers Ltd. of Sweden , the same designer behind the cruise company's first two vessels. This third one was built using an existing steel hull designed by Zygmunt Choreń that was modified by the Gdańsk Shipyard , where 24 metres (79 ft)

50-526: A crew as small as twenty using powered controls. Royal Clipper cruises the Mediterranean during the summer. During the winter she offers Caribbean trips through the southern parts of the Lesser Antilles area. Because of her size, she can visit smaller ports that larger ( motor ) cruise ships can't reach. Transatlantic crossings are available between seasons. Hull (watercraft) There

75-545: A hull with rounded bilges (the chine creates turbulence and drag resisting the rolling motion, as it moves through the water, the rounded-bilge provides less flow resistance around the turn). In rough seas, this can make the boat roll more, as the motion drags first down, then up, on a chine: round-bilge boats are more seakindly in waves, as a result. Chined hulls may have one of three shapes: Each of these chine hulls has its own unique characteristics and use. The flat-bottom hull has high initial stability but high drag. To counter

100-466: A lower-horsepower engine but will pound more in waves. The deep V   form (between 18   and 23   degrees) is only suited to high-powered planing boats. They require more powerful engines to lift the boat onto the plane but give a faster, smoother ride in waves. Displacement chined hulls have more wetted surface area, hence more drag, than an equivalent round-hull form, for any given displacement. Smooth curve hulls are hulls that use, just like

125-435: A seaway) and special considerations for the ship's role, such as the rounded bow of an icebreaker or the flat bottom of a landing craft . In a typical modern steel ship, the hull will have watertight decks, and major transverse members called bulkheads . There may also be intermediate members such as girders , stringers and webs , and minor members called ordinary transverse frames, frames, or longitudinals, depending on

150-399: Is a centerline longitudinal member called a keel . In fiberglass or composite hulls, the structure may resemble wooden or steel vessels to some extent, or be of a monocoque arrangement. In many cases, composite hulls are built by sandwiching thin fiber-reinforced skins over a lightweight but reasonably rigid core of foam, balsa wood, impregnated paper honeycomb, or other material. Perhaps

175-493: Is a wide variety of hull types that are chosen for suitability for different usages, the hull shape being dependent upon the needs of the design. Shapes range from a nearly perfect box in the case of scow barges to a needle-sharp surface of revolution in the case of a racing multihull sailboat. The shape is chosen to strike a balance between cost, hydrostatic considerations (accommodation, load carrying, and stability), hydrodynamics (speed, power requirements, and motion and behavior in

200-423: Is easily unsettled in waves. The multi-chine hull approximates a curved hull form. It has less drag than a flat-bottom boat. Multi chines are more complex to build but produce a more seaworthy hull form. They are usually displacement hulls. V or arc-bottom chine boats have a V   shape between 6°   and 23°. This is called the deadrise angle. The flatter shape of a 6-degree hull will plane with less wind or

225-620: Is founded along with the world's first known dam. c. 2960 BC: Death of Egyptian First Dynasty pharaoh Semerkhet , whose name marks the first definitive use of a Nebty name . c. 2920 BC: Troy is founded on this date (assuming the interpretation of Manfred Korfmann is followed). c. 2900+ BC Prometheus would have sprouted in this century. Inventions, discoveries, introductions [ edit ] 3000–2000 BC – Hieroglyphic writing in Egypt , potter's wheel in China , first pottery in

250-948: The Americas (in Ecuador ). c. 3000 BC – Sumerians establish cities. c. 3000 BC – Sumerians start to work in various metals. c. 3000 BC – Knowledge of Ancient Near Eastern grains appears in Ancient China . 3000–2000 BC – Settled villages are widespread in Mesoamerica . The shekal was introduced in Mesopotamia as a monetary and weight unit; see ancient weights and measures , Shekel . The Sydney rock engravings date from around 3000 BC ( Sydney , Australia ). Architecture [ edit ] 30th century BC in architecture References [ edit ] ^ POSSEHL, G. L. (2000). "The Early Harappan Phase" . Bulletin of

275-829: The Indus Valley . c. 3000 BC: Camels are domesticated in Egypt. c. 3000 BC: There is an intense phase of burial at Duma na nGiall on the Hill of Tara , the ancient seat of the High King of Ireland . c. 3000 BC: Stonehenge begins to be built. In its first version, it consists of a circular ditch and bank, with 56 wooden posts. c. 3000 BC: Cycladic civilization in the Aegean Sea starts. c. 3000 BC: Helladic period starts. c. 3000 BC: Aegean Bronze Age starts. c. 3000 BC: Austronesian expansion begins. c. 3000 BC: Jawa, Jordan

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300-610: The Yngling and Randmeer . Hull forms are defined as follows: Block measures that define the principal dimensions. They are: Form derivatives that are calculated from the shape and the block measures. They are: Coefficients help compare hull forms as well: Note: C b = C p ⋅ C m {\displaystyle C_{b}=C_{p}\cdot C_{m}} Use of computer-aided design has superseded paper-based methods of ship design that relied on manual calculations and lines drawing. Since

325-516: The structural arrangement . The uppermost continuous deck may be called the "upper deck", "weather deck", "spar deck", " main deck ", or simply "deck". The particular name given depends on the context—the type of ship or boat, the arrangement, or even where it sails. In a typical wooden sailboat, the hull is constructed of wooden planking, supported by transverse frames (often referred to as ribs) and bulkheads, which are further tied together by longitudinal stringers or ceiling. Often but not always there

350-445: The waterline , giving less resistance and more speed. With a greater payload, resistance is greater and speed lower, but the hull's outward bend provides smoother performance in waves. As such, the inverted bell shape is a popular form used with planing hulls. A chined hull does not have a smooth rounded transition between bottom and sides. Instead, its contours are interrupted by sharp angles where predominantly longitudinal panels of

375-4787: The "Currey Tree" " . www.researchgate.net . ^ Staff, A. G. (2016-03-30). "Australia's top 7 Aboriginal rock art sites" . Australian Geographic . Retrieved 2024-08-19 . v t e Decades and years 30th century BC 32nd century BC  ←  31st century BC  ← ↔ →  29th century BC  →  28th century BC 3000s BC 3009  BC 3008  BC 3007  BC 3006  BC 3005  BC 3004  BC 3003  BC 3002  BC 3001  BC 3000  BC 2990s BC 2999  BC 2998  BC 2997  BC 2996  BC 2995  BC 2994  BC 2993  BC 2992  BC 2991  BC 2990  BC 2980s BC 2989  BC 2988  BC 2987  BC 2986  BC 2985  BC 2984  BC 2983  BC 2982  BC 2981  BC 2980  BC 2970s BC 2979  BC 2978  BC 2977  BC 2976  BC 2975  BC 2974  BC 2973  BC 2972  BC 2971  BC 2970  BC 2960s BC 2969  BC 2968  BC 2967  BC 2966  BC 2965  BC 2964  BC 2963  BC 2962  BC 2961  BC 2960  BC 2950s BC 2959  BC 2958  BC 2957  BC 2956  BC 2955  BC 2954  BC 2953  BC 2952  BC 2951  BC 2950  BC 2940s BC 2949  BC 2948  BC 2947  BC 2946  BC 2945  BC 2944  BC 2943  BC 2942  BC 2941  BC 2940  BC 2930s BC 2939  BC 2938  BC 2937  BC 2936  BC 2935  BC 2934  BC 2933  BC 2932  BC 2931  BC 2930  BC 2920s BC 2929  BC 2928  BC 2927  BC 2926  BC 2925  BC 2924  BC 2923  BC 2922  BC 2921  BC 2920  BC 2910s BC 2919  BC 2918  BC 2917  BC 2916  BC 2915  BC 2914  BC 2913  BC 2912  BC 2911  BC 2910  BC 2900s BC 2909  BC 2908  BC 2907  BC 2906  BC 2905  BC 2904  BC 2903  BC 2902  BC 2901  BC 2900  BC 2890s BC 2899  BC 2898  BC 2897  BC 2896  BC 2895  BC 2894  BC 2893  BC 2892  BC 2891  BC 2890  BC v t e Centuries and millennia Millennium Century BC (BCE) 4th 40th 39th 38th 37th 36th 35th 34th 33rd 32nd 31st 3rd 30th 29th 28th 27th 26th 25th 24th 23rd 22nd 21st 2nd 20th 19th 18th 17th 16th 15th 14th 13th 12th 11th 1st 10th 9th 8th 7th 6th 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st AD (CE) 1st 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 2nd 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 3rd 21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=30th_century_BC&oldid=1241106615 " Categories : 30th century BC 3rd millennium BC Centuries Hidden categories: CS1: long volume value Articles with short description Short description

400-912: The Deccan College Research Institute . 60/61: 227–241. ISSN   0045-9801 . JSTOR   42936617 . ^ Memory and Monuments at the Hill of Tara by Erin McDonald, Chronika Journal ^ National Geographic , June 2008 ^ "Bronze Age Aegean" . World History Encyclopedia . Retrieved 2022-05-25 . ^ Guild, History (2021-03-12). "What is the Austronesian Expansion?" . History Guild . Retrieved 2022-05-25 . ^ "A History of Dams: From Ancient Times to Today" . Tata & Howard . 2016-05-17 . Retrieved 2022-05-25 . ^ Salzer, Matthew; Baisan, Christopher H. "Dendrochronology of

425-513: The curved hulls, a centreboard, or an attached keel. Semi round bilge hulls are somewhat less round. The advantage of the semi-round is that it is a nice middle between the S-bottom and chined hull. Typical examples of a semi-round bilge hull can be found in the Centaur and Laser sailing dinghies . S-bottom hulls are sailing boat hulls with a midships transverse half-section shaped like an s . In

450-479: The earliest proper hulls were built by the Ancient Egyptians , who by 3000 BC knew how to assemble wooden planks into a hull. Hulls come in many varieties and can have composite shape, (e.g., a fine entry forward and inverted bell shape aft), but are grouped primarily as follows: At present, the most widely used form is the round bilge hull. With a small payload, such a craft has less of its hull below

475-1709: The early 1990s, a variety of commercial and freeware software packages specialized for naval architecture have been developed that provide 3D drafting capabilities combined with calculation modules for hydrostatics and hydrodynamics. These may be referred to as geometric modeling systems for naval architecture. 30th century BC One hundred years, from 3000 BC to 2901 BC [REDACTED] This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources:   "30th century BC"  –  news   · newspapers   · books   · scholar   · JSTOR ( December 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) Millennium 3rd millennium  BC Centuries 31st century  BC 30th century  BC 29th century  BC Timelines 31st century  BC 30th century  BC 29th century  BC State leaders 31st century BC 30th century BC 29th century BC Decades 2990s  BC 2980s  BC 2970s  BC 2960s  BC 2950s  BC 2940s  BC 2930s  BC 2920s  BC 2910s  BC 2900s  BC Categories: Births – Deaths Establishments – Disestablishments v t e The 30th century BC

500-412: The high drag, hull forms are narrow and sometimes severely tapered at bow and stern. This leads to poor stability when heeled in a sailboat. This is often countered by using heavy interior ballast on sailing versions. They are best suited to sheltered inshore waters. Early racing power boats were fine forward and flat aft. This produced maximum lift and a smooth, fast ride in flat water, but this hull form

525-417: The hull meet. The sharper the intersection (the more acute the angle), the "harder" the chine. More than one chine per side is possible. The Cajun "pirogue" is an example of a craft with hard chines. Benefits of this type of hull include potentially lower production cost and a (usually) fairly flat bottom, making the boat faster at planing . A hard chined hull resists rolling (in smooth water) more than does

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550-487: The s-bottom, the hull has round bilges and merges smoothly with the keel, and there are no sharp corners on the hull sides between the keel centreline and the sheer line. Boats with this hull form may have a long fixed deep keel, or a long shallow fixed keel with a centreboard swing keel inside. Ballast may be internal, external, or a combination. This hull form was most popular in the late 19th and early to mid 20th centuries. Examples of small sailboats that use this s-shape are

575-480: The ship's Mediterranean interior. Her design was based on Preussen , a famous German five-mast Flying P-Liner windjammer built in 1902. Star Clippers claims that she is the largest "true sailing ship" built since Preussen . She is listed in Guinness World Records as the largest square-rigged ship in service, with 5,202 square metres (55,990 sq ft) of sail. Her sails can be handled with

600-762: Was a century that lasted from the year 3000 BC to 2901 BC. Events [ edit ] [REDACTED] Stele bearing the name of Djet Before 3000 BC: An image of a deity (detail from a cong ) recovered from Tomb 12 in Fanshan, Yuyao , Zhejiang , is made during the Neolithic period by the Liangzhu culture . It is now kept at Zhejiang Provincial Museum , Hangzhou . c. 3000 BC: Earliest remains from Aniba (Nubia) . c. 3000 BC: Early agriculture in North Africa . c. 3300 BC – 2600 BC: Early Harappan period continues in

625-513: Was added to its length. Originally built by Polish communist authorities as "Gwarek" she was intended as a floating vacation home for miners . She was sold because of financial problems. The Merwede shipyard completed the ship's interior in July 2000, whilst visiting the Pool of London , for its pre-launch to the travel industry. The renovations included frescography murals by Rainer Maria Latzke completing

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