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49-751: The Ronuro River is a river of Mato Grosso state in western Brazil , a tributary of the Xingu River . The river drains the 131,795 hectares (325,670 acres) Rio Ronuro Ecological Station , a strictly protected conservation unit created in 1998. It also flows through the Xingu Indigenous Park . This article related to a river in Mato Grosso , Brazil is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Mato Grosso Neighboring states (from west clockwise) are: Rondônia , Amazonas , Pará , Tocantins , Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul . The state

98-722: A few days after the adoption of the national flag. The Mato Grosso state flag was abolished by Law No. 1.046 of October 8, 1929, but reinstated by Article 140 of the Constitution of the State of Mato Grosso on July 11, 1947. Fishing in the Teles Pires , São Benedito and Azul rivers is productive practically all year long. The largest sandstone cavern in Brazil, Aroe Jari, extends nearly 1,550 m (5,090 ft), and several prehistoric inscriptions can be found inside. The Pantanal 's backbone

147-522: A remarkably varied vistas. The biologically rich Pantanal , one of the world's largest wetland/prairie ecosystems, is also located within this state. The Paraguay basin is rich in the number and diversity of fish (around 230 species), a fascinating place for fishermen and scholars. In this basin are numerous species classified as “noble” in sport fishing , others, including ornamental species, are of great interest to aquarists and still others whose rarity has led to detailed research. The fishing industry in

196-464: A total of 17.6 million tons in 2018. Mato Grosso do Sul was the 6th largest producer in the country, with 721 thousand tons. The state has the 4th largest cattle herd in Brazil, with a total of 21.4 million head of cattle. The state is a major exporter of beef, but also poultry and pork. In poultry farming, the state had, in 2017, a flock of 22 million birds. In pork, in 2019, Mato Grosso do Sul slaughtered more than 2 million animals. The state occupies

245-459: A total of 847 km of duplications, crossing the entire state. Other important highways in the state are BR-262 , BR-060 and BR-267 . As it is a state that only became more populated in the 1970s, its transport network is in a clear process of evolution, and it continues to be a low-density road network. The state also has two railway lines: the Estrada de Ferro Noroeste do Brasil , which connects

294-433: A value of R$ 1 billion) and tin (536 tons at a value of R$ 16 million). In addition, in gemstones, the state is the second largest national producer of diamond , having extracted 49,000 carats in the year 2017. The city of Juína is the main one in this activity in the state. The state also has a small production of sapphire and jasper . Mato Grosso had an industrial GDP of R$ 17.0 billion in 2017, equivalent to 1.4% of

343-475: A variety of flora and fauna, with forests, natural sand banks, savannahs, open pasture, fields and bushes. The city Bonito , in the mountain of Bodoquena , has prehistoric caves , natural rivers , waterfalls , swimming pools and the Gruta do Lago Azul cave. The name Mato Grosso do Sul is Portuguese for "Southern Thick Bush"; the name is inherited from its northern neighbour state of Mato Grosso, from which it

392-516: Is 1471.1 mm. January is the warmest month, with mean maximum of 34 °C (93.2 °F) and minimum of 24 °C (75.2 °F) and more rain ; July experiences the coldest temperatures, with mean maximum of 25 °C (77 °F) and minimum of -2,0 °C (28 °F) and sun . The " cerrado " landscape is characterized by extensive savanna formations crossed by gallery forests and stream valleys. Cerrado includes various types of vegetation. Humid fields and "buriti" palm paths are found where

441-544: Is a limestone cave with a pool of blue water and unusual cave formations. These have suffered from vandalism, causing the cave to be closed until measures to protect it could be implemented. The blue lagoon cave holds a pool of blue water formed from underground water of the Saloba River. The main entrance is filled in part by the water. The hall contains columns over 5 m (16 ft) in size and 1 m (3 ft 3 in) in diameter. There may be archaeological remains in

490-520: Is considerable. Mato Grosso do Sul recorded growth above the national average in the production of cellulose, reached the mark of 1 million hectares of planted eucalyptus, expanded its industrial park in the sector and consolidated itself as the largest exporter of the product in the country in the first quarter of 2020. Between 2010 and 2018, production in the south of Mato Grosso increased by 308%, reaching 17 million cubic meters of round wood for paper and cellulose in 2018. In 2019, Mato Grosso do Sul reached

539-459: Is divided into 79 municipalities and covers an area of 357,145.532 square kilometers, which is about the same size as Germany . With a population of 2,839,188 inhabitants in 2021, Mato Grosso do Sul is the 21st most populous state in Brazil . Campo Grande is the capital and largest city of Mato Grosso do Sul. The economy of the state is largely based on agriculture and cattle -raising. Crossed in

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588-597: Is losing its pre-eminence. Two fluvial axes make up the state, both belonging to the Río de la Plata basin. The Paraguay River integrates the state with the neighboring countries Paraguay and Argentina, and with Mato Grosso through the port of Cáceres . The main products transported by the river are: iron and manganese ores, cement, wood, petroleum derivatives and cattle. In 1999, this waterway began transporting sugar, departing from Porto Murtinho. The main ports are Corumbá (Corumbá, Ladário and Porto Esperança) and Porto Murtinho. Finally,

637-472: Is planned as of 2021. It crosses the large Rollemberg–Vuolo Bridge over the Paraná River when passing into Mato Grosso do Sul . The state flag has similar colors to the flag of Brazil , with blue symbolizing the sky, green vegetation, and white standing for peace. The star is yellow to symbolize the gold which attracted the first settlers. The flag was adopted by Decree No. 2 of January 31, 1890, just

686-574: Is roughly 82.2% of the size of its southwest neighbor, the nation of Bolivia . A state with a flat landscape that alternates between vast chapadas and plain areas, Mato Grosso contains three main ecosystems: the Cerrado , the Pantanal and the Amazon rainforest . The Chapada dos Guimarães National Park , with its caves, grottoes, tracks, and waterfalls, is one of its tourist attractions. The extreme northwest of

735-622: Is the Paraguay River , which cuts through the region from north to south. The Miranda , Aquidauna , Taquari , and Cuiabá rivers flow into the Paraguay River. From October to April, the high waters reveal outsized lakes, bays, river branches, and outlets. The Transpantaneira Highway connects the town of Poconé to Jofre Port, along the Cuiabá River bank. It is a dirt road with 126 wooden bridges, and extends for 149 km (93 mi). On

784-400: Is the main municipality that integrates the region's tourist complex. The Pantanal is also an area of considerable visitation. Ponta Porã , Bela Vista and Porto Murtinho , being located on the border with Paraguay, receive many visitors, and with the construction of Bioceanic Corridor , Porto Murtinho will have a considerable increase in business tourism. Mato Grosso do Sul's flag

833-658: The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), 3,441,998 people resided in the state as of 2018. The population density was 3.8 inhabitants/km . Ethnically, the state includes a relatively high proportion of caboclos (persons of mixed European and Indian ancestry), as do other areas of interior Brazil. The last PNAD (National Research for Sample of Domiciles) census revealed the following numbers: 2,048,782 Brown (Mixed) people (56%); 1,181,590 White people (32.3%); 360,698 Black people (9.9%); 56,687 Amerindian people (1.5%); and 10,813 Asian people (0.3%). At

882-520: The Federal University of Rondonópolis (UFR)  [ pt ] , formerly a part of UFMT until 2018. Agriculture is the largest component of the state's GDP at 40.8%, followed by the service sector at 40.2%. The industrial sector represents 19% of the GDP (2004). Mato Grosso's major exports include soybeans (83%), wood (5.6%), meats (4.8%), and cotton (3.3%) (2002). The state's share of

931-584: The Itatín region of present-day Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. They were destroyed by Bandeirantes and revolts by the indigenous people. The first peoples or indigenous peoples of Mato Grosso do Sul, particularly occupying the Nhande Ru Marangatu tropical rainforested area, are the Guarani-Kaiowá , first contacted by non-indigenous peoples in the 1800s. On October 11, 1977, the state was created by dividing

980-600: The Paraná-Tieté Waterway runs through the Paraná River . About international Airports: Vehicles : 835,259 (June 2009); Mobile phones : 2.407 million (July/2009); Telephones : 471,000 (April 2007); Cities : 78 (2007) The most important tourist city in the state is Bonito , considered the capital of ecotourism in Brazil. Its main attractions are the natural landscapes, and the immersions in rivers of transparent waters, waterfalls, caves and sinkholes. Along with Jardim , Guia Lopes da Laguna and Bodoquena , it

1029-628: The Treaty of Petrópolis in 1903. This historically remote area attracted expeditions of exploration in the early 20th century that sought to find lost civilizations. A notable example was British Captain Percy Fawcett 's expedition to find the Lost City of Z which he believed existed in the jungles of Brazil. Certain proponents of the Hollow Earth hypothesis speculated that the region had sites of access to

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1078-427: The 2022 census, the most commonly nominated ethnic groups as a proportion of the total population were: Portuguese is the official national language and the primary language taught in schools. English and Spanish are also taught as part of the official high school curriculum. More than 58 universities are located in the state of Mato Grosso. Cuiabá is home to the following universities: Rondonópolis also has

1127-479: The 7th Brazilian position in pig farming, moving towards becoming the 4th largest Brazilian producer in the coming years. In 2017, Mato Grosso do Sul had 0.71% of the national mineral participation (6th place in the country). Mato Grosso do Sul had production of iron (3.1 million tons at a value of R$ 324 million) and manganese (648 thousand tons at a value of R$ 299 million). Mato Grosso do Sul had an industrial GDP of R $ 19.1 billion in 2017, equivalent to 1.6% of

1176-454: The Brazilian economy is 1.8% (2014). In 2020, Mato Grosso was the leader in national grain production, with 28.0%. It's the largest producer of soy in Brazil, with 26.9% of the total produced in 2020 (33.0 million tons); the largest producer of maize in the country; the largest producer of cotton in Brazil, with around 65% of national production (1.8 out of the 2.8 million tons harvested in

1225-705: The Pantanal plays an important role in the region's economy and, for local people, fish is a staple food. The Pantanal has a habitat similar to the Everglades in Florida in the United States, although the Pantanal is much larger. The Bororo Indians live in the Mato Grosso area. As late as 1880, soldiers patrolled lands on the outskirts of Cuiabá , Mato Grosso's capital and largest city, to protect settlers from Bororo raids. By

1274-399: The ancestral composition of Mato Grosso do Sul is 73,60% European, 13,90% African and 12,40% Native American. Additionally, according to a different 2013 DNA study, the ancestral composition of Mato Grosso do Sul is: 58.8% European, 25.9% Amerindian and 15.3% African ancestries, respectively. There are more than 44 universities in whole state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The service sector is

1323-436: The cattle herd from Mato Grosso reached the mark of 30 million cattle, the largest cattle herd in the country, representing almost 14% of national production alone. In 2018, Mato Grosso was the fifth largest pork producer in the country, with a herd of around 2.5 million animals. In 2017, Mato Grosso had 1.15% of the national mineral participation (fifth place in the country). Mato Grosso had production of gold (8.3 tons at

1372-484: The cave. The park has several other limestone caves. It is covered with deciduous forests, and is home to howler monkeys , tapirs , jaguars , and macaws . Cuiabá was one of 12 cities chosen to host the games of the 2014 FIFA World Cup , which took place in Brazil. In the state were born the medalists of the World Championships Felipe Lima in swimming and David Moura in judo, in addition to

1421-457: The center-west of the state of São Paulo with the city of Corumbá , in Mato Grosso do Sul, on the Paraguay River, with 1,330 kilometers in length; and Ferrovia Norte Brasil , which has connected the city of Santa Fé do Sul with Rondonópolis since 1989, being one of the main corridors for the flow of grain in the region, with 755 kilometers connect the northwest of São Paulo with the south of Mato Grosso. River navigation, once again important,

1470-497: The cerrado landscape. The adaptations protect the plants from destruction and make them capable of sprouting again after the fire. The state is located in western Brazil, in a region mostly occupied by the inland marshes of the Pantanal . The highest elevation is the 1,065 m high Morro Grande. In the 1630s, the Jesuits also established short-lived missions among the Guaraní people in

1519-432: The country).; the sixth largest producer of sugarcane in the country, 16 million tons harvested in the 2019/20 harvest.; and the third largest producer of beans , with 10.5% of Brazilian production. In sunflowers , the state was the largest national producer in 2019, with 60,000 tons. In cassava production, Brazil produced a total of 17.6 million tons in 2018. Mato Grosso produced 287,000 tons that year. In 2009,

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1568-428: The end of the 19th century, although severely reduced by disease and by warfare with explorers, slave traders , prospectors , settlers , and other indigenous groups , as many as five to 10 thousand Bororo continued to occupy central and eastern Mato Grosso, as well as western Goiás . The southwestern part of this state was ceded by Brazil to Bolivia in exchange for the then-Bolivian territory of Acre , according to

1617-445: The following numbers: 1,293,797 Brown ( Multiracial ) people (46.9%), 1,168,407 White people (42.2%), 179,101 Black people (6.5%), 96,029 Amerindian people (3.5%), 19,616 Asian people (0.7%). In the Cerrado areas, mostly in the south, central and east, there is a predominance of Southern Brazilian farmers of Spanish , German , Portuguese , Italian and Slavic descent. According to an autosomal DNA study from 2008,

1666-420: The interior of the earth and its settlements. In 1977, the state was split into two halves, and the neighboring state of Mato Grosso do Sul was created from the other part of its territory. Mato Grosso had a high rate of population growth in the 20th century due to timber, ranching and agricultural development. The state as a whole has one of the lowest population densities of any Brazilian state. According to

1715-412: The largest cities in the state, Rondonópolis , then to the border with Mato Grosso do Sul . Some of the main roads are: Marechal Rondon International Airport , located 10 km (6.2 mi) from the city center of Cuiabá , in the suburb of Várzea Grande , started receiving international flights in 1996. It now serves more than half a million passengers a year. The runway at Marechal Rondon

1764-474: The largest component of GDP at 46.1%, followed by the industrial sector at 22.7%. Agriculture represents 31.2%, of GDP (2004). Mato Grosso do Sul exports: soybean 34.9%, pork and chicken 20.9%, beef 13.7%, ores 8%, leather 7.4%, timber 5.1% (2002). Share of the Brazilian economy: 1% (2005). According to data from 2020, if Mato Grosso do Sul were a country, it would be the world's fifth largest producer of oilseeds. In 2020, Mato Grosso do Sul

1813-551: The leadership of exports in the product in the country, with 9.7 million tons traded: 22.20% of the total Brazilian pulp exports that year. In 2022, Mato Grosso do Sul had, between municipal, Mato Grosso do Sul state and federal highways, 45,176.8 km of municipal highways, 15,084.0 km of Mato Grosso do Sul state highways and 3,197.6 km of federal highways. In 2022 there were about 8,000 km of paved roads (between state and federal highways). In BR-163 there were about 120 km of duplicated highways in 2022, with future planning to have

1862-414: The national industry. It employs 122,162 workers in the industry. The main industrial sectors are: Public Utility Industrial Services, such as Electricity and Water (23.2%), Construction (20.8%), Food (15.8%), Pulp and Paper (15.1%) and Petroleum Derivatives and Biofuels (12.5%). These 5 sectors concentrate 87.4% of the state's industry. In the city of Três Lagoas , the production of paper and cellulose

1911-402: The national industry. It employs 141,121 workers in the industry. The main industrial sectors are: Construction (32.0%), Food (27.9%), Industrial Services of Public Utility, such as Electricity and Water (18.6%), Beverages (4.5%) and Oil Products Oil and Biofuels (3.9%). These five sectors concentrate 86.9% of the state's industry. Mato Grosso had, in 2020, 141,171 km of municipal roads; on

1960-411: The roads of the state of Mato Grosso there were 22,399 km of unpaved roads, 7,281 km of paved roads and 81 km of duplicated highways . In the federal road network, there were 3,649 km of roads, including 330 km of duplicated highways . Mato Grosso, despite being a more recently occupied state, already has a 2-lane highway in each direction connecting the capital Cuiabá to one of

2009-567: The south by the Tropic of Capricorn , Mato Grosso do Sul generally has a warm, sometimes hot, and humid climate, and is crossed by numerous tributaries of the Paraná River . The state has 1.3% of the Brazilian population and is responsible for 1.5% of the Brazilian GDP . Mato Grosso do Sul is also known for its natural environment, and is a destination for domestic and international tourism . The Pantanal lowlands cover 12 municipalities and presents

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2058-603: The state has a small part of the Amazonian forest. The Xingu Indigenous Park and the Araguaia River are in Mato Grosso. Farther south, the Pantanal , the world's largest wetland , is the habitat for nearly one thousand species of animals and many aquatic birds. The varied terrain of Mato Grosso includes cliffs, canyons, and waterfalls. It is home to the Chapada dos Guimarães National Park , its sandstone mountains have eroded into

2107-544: The state of Mato Grosso. Its status as a state went into full effect two years later on January 1, 1979. The new state also incorporated the entirety of the former territory of Ponta Porã . According to the IBGE of 2008, there were 2,372,000 people residing in the state. The population density was 6.4 inhabitants/km . Urbanization : 84.7% (2006); Population growth : 1.7% (1991–2000); Houses : 689,000 (2006) The last PNAD (National Research for Sample of Domiciles) census revealed

2156-413: The water table is near the surface. Alpine pastures occur at higher altitudes and mesophytic forests on more fertile soils. The "cerrado" trees have characteristic twisted trunks covered by a thick bark, and leaves which are usually broad and rigid. Many herbaceous plants have extensive roots to store water and nutrients. The plant's thick bark and roots serve as adaptations for the periodic fires which sweep

2205-508: The way, it is possible to observe wild animals, especially alligators , capybaras , and birds, among other wild animals. The 1,487 ha (3,670 acres) Águas Quentes State Park , the first protected area in Mato Grosso, is known for the healing powers of its thermal waters. The Gruta da Lagoa Azul State Park ( Portuguese : Parque Estadual Gruta da Lagoa Azul ) is a state park in the municipality of Nobres , Mato Grosso, with an area of 12,513 ha (30,920 acres). Its primary attraction

2254-630: The world champions of futsal Vinícius and Lenísio . Mato Grosso do Sul Mato Grosso do Sul ( Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈmatu ˈɡɾosu du ˈsuw] lit.   ' South Thick Bush ' ) is one of Brazil's 27 federal units , located in the southern part of the Central-West Region , bordering five Brazilian states: Mato Grosso (to the north), Goiás and Minas Gerais (northeast), São Paulo (east) and Paraná (southeast); and two South American countries: Paraguay (south and southwestern) and Bolivia (west). It

2303-493: Was opened to traffic in 1956. In February 1975, Infraero took over the airport's administration and began various upgrades to meet the needs of the airport complex. The 1,600 mm ( 5 ft 3 in ) Northern Brazil Railway  [ pt ] connects Mato Grosso with the state of São Paulo and sea ports. Rumo Logística only operates freight trains on the line, which runs as far inland as Rondonópolis . An extension northward to Cuiabá and Lucas do Rio Verde

2352-523: Was split on 1 January 1979. The state is still commonly referred to as "Mato Grosso" in colloquial speech. Other names that were proposed, at the time of the split and afterwards, include "Pantanal" (a reference to its best known geographical feature) and "Maracaju" (a reference to the Maracaju Mountain Range that crosses the state from north to south). Mato Grosso do Sul has humid subtropical and tropical climates . The average annual rainfall

2401-443: Was the 5th biggest grain producer in the country, with 7.9%. In soy , produced 10.5 million tons in 2020, one of the largest producing states in Brazil, around 5th place. It is the 4th largest producer of sugarcane , with around 49 million tons harvested in the 2019/20 harvest. In 2019, Mato Grosso do Sul was also one of the largest producers of maize in the country with 10,1 million tons. In cassava production, Brazil produced

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