The UCI Road World Championships are the annual world championships for bicycle road racing organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). The UCI Road World Championships consist of events for road race and individual time trial , and as of 2019, a mixed team relay .
36-400: All the world championship events are ridden by national teams, not trade teams such as in most other major races. The winner of each category is entitled to wear the rainbow jersey in races of that category (either mass start or time trial) until the next championships. It currently includes the following championships: Former events: The first world championships took place in 1921, though
72-509: A España . Before that, the event had always been a summer race, held in late August or the first week of September (except for 1970, when it was a mid-season summer event). An exception to this was in 2023 , when it was held in August as part of a combined multi-disciplinary UCI Cycling World Championships , intended to be held every four years. The world championships are located in a different city or region every year. The event can be held over
108-411: A game. Racing games may also include ghost cars recorded by the development staff—attempting to beat their times can provide a final challenge to players who have mastered the rest of the game. Often the game provides other incentives to use the time attack feature; GoldenEye 007 and Tomb Raider Anniversary encouraged players to revisit levels more than once by offering unlockable cheat options as
144-520: A highly successful season for a rider is likely to be followed by less successful years; and a model combining the last two theories. The study found that the regression to the mean model was the one that fit the data best, for winners of both the World Championship and Il Lombardia, concluding that the curse probably does not exist. The author related the idea of the curse to medical professionals conflating correlation with causation when considering
180-442: A later date. Racing games often feature "ghost cars" which are saved when the player sets a record time. In subsequent races, the ghost car follows the path the player took when setting that record, allowing them to clearly gauge how they are performing against the previous achievement. Saved ghost cars can often be shared with other players. The inclusion of a time attack mode can often be an effective way of adding replay value to
216-507: A mixed relay team time trial. Until 1995, there were separate races for male professional and amateur riders. In 1996, the amateur category was replaced with a category for men under-23 years old, with the professional category becoming an open (later elite) category. Since 1995 until 2022, the event has been held towards the end of the European season in late September, usually following the Vuelta
252-502: A relatively flat course which, in the case of the road race, favors cycling sprinters or a hilly course which favors a climbing specialist or all-rounder . In each case, the latter part of course is usually held on a circuit, of which the riders complete multiple laps. The world championship road race and two of the three Grand Tours (namely the Giro d'Italia and the Tour de France ) form
288-552: A reward for completing them within target times. Sometimes, the settings of a time attack mode are "locked" in order to standardize competition between players. For example, Soul Calibur features a time attack mode automatically set to two rounds for a win, the normal difficulty setting and a default time limit; but it also features an alternative Arcade mode, which allows any option settings to be used and saves record times separately. Both speedrunning and time attacking have extensive online communities dedicated to achieving
324-429: A team of athletes) will compete in a time trial ( TT ) against the clock to secure the fastest time . The format of a time trial can vary, but usually follow a format where each athlete or team sets off at a predetermined interval to set the fastest time on a course. In cycling , for example, a time trial can be a single track cycling event, or an individual or team time trial on the road, and either or both of
360-502: Is allowed, that is not forbidden explicitly. While in lower classes a distinction between 2WD and 4WD is made, this is neglected in the Extreme-class. The series is independent and not connected to any larger organization like the DMSB . Many computer and video games include a time trial (also known as time attack ) mode, in which the main goal is to complete levels —or, in some cases,
396-411: Is deemed the winner. In many forms of motorsport , a similar format is used in qualifying to determine the starting order for the main event, though multiple attempts to set the fastest time are often allowed. In rallying , the special stages are run in a time-trial format. Other forms of time trials in motorsport include hill-climbing and qualifying. A similar race against the clock or time attack
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#1733085260730432-525: Is often part of racing video games . Time attack is a type of motorsport in which the racers compete for the best lap time. Each vehicle is timed through numerous circuits of the track. The racers make a preliminary circuit, then run the timed laps, and then finish with a cool-down lap. Time attack and time trial events differ by competition format and rules. Time attack has a limited number of laps, time trial has open sessions. Unlike other timed motorsport disciplines such as sprinting and hillclimbing ,
468-571: Is only driven by the five fastest starters from the Qualifying. Groups are split according to car specifications, mainly regarding severity of modifications and aerodynamics. With more powerful classes, safety regulations are also tighter. Classes range from Club -class, being close-to-production, via the Pro -class, with more allowed aerodynamics and allowed engine swaps, to the Extreme -class in which everything
504-508: Is predominantly white with five horizontal bands in the UCI colours around the chest. From the bottom up the colours are: green, yellow, black, red and blue; the same colours that appear in the rings on the Olympic flag . The tradition is applied to all disciplines, including road racing , track racing , cyclo-cross , BMX , Trials and the disciplines within mountain biking . A world champion must wear
540-406: Is set up to host drivers from the very entry level up to full blown racecars with according drivers, divided over 5 classes. National Auto Sport Association Time Trial (NASA TT) series is a national auto competition program, utilizing regional series based on a time trial style format, with rules that establish car classifications to provide a contest of driver skill. NASA TT is designed to bridge
576-810: The Nürburgring Grand Prix course, the Lausitzring and the Hockenheimring . Additionally, for years, the TT Circuit Assen is used in cooperation with the Dutch Time Attack Masters . Formerly, races also took place on the German course Oschersleben . Each event consists of Warm Up, Qualifying and the Hotlap finals, with Qualifying rank and Hotlap rank counting for the overall championship. The Hotlap
612-523: The Triple Crown of Cycling . Note: Not held from 1939 to 1945 because of World War II . Medal table includes only medals achieved in senior events . Mixed nation team events such as the Team Time Trial from 2012 to 2018 are excluded. Rainbow jersey The rainbow jersey is the distinctive jersey worn by the reigning world champion in a cycling discipline, since 1927. The jersey
648-456: The team pursuit , each member of the team must wear the rainbow jersey, but would not wear it while racing in, say, points races or other track disciplines. If the holder of a rainbow jersey becomes leader of a stage race or a category within it, that leadership jersey takes precedence. Failure to wear the rainbow jersey where required carries a penalty of a fine. After the end of a rider's time as champion, they are eligible to wear piping in
684-472: The "spotlight effect", based on the theory that the apparent curse is due to increased public attention on the World Champion rather than a decline in success; the "marked man" hypothesis, which stipulates that the current wearer of the jersey is more closely marked by rivals during their year as champion; the " regression to the mean " model, which supposes that random variation in success rates will mean that
720-446: The boats are sent out at 10 to 20 second intervals, are usually called " head races " A head race is a time-trial competition in the sport of rowing . Head races are typically held in the fall, winter and spring seasons. These events draw many athletes as well as observers. In this form of racing, rowers race against the clock where the crew or rower completing the course in the shortest time in their age, ability and boat-class category
756-451: The car is required to start off under full rolling start conditions following a warm up lap in which they will have to accelerate out as fast as possible to determine how fast they enter their timed lap. Commonly, as the cars are modified road going cars, they are required to have tires authorized for road use. Time attack events began in Japan in the mid-1960s. They have since spread around
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#1733085260730792-508: The curse was published in The BMJ . The study was based on statistical analysis of the results of World Road Champions and winners of the Giro di Lombardia (which was used as a comparison) in the riders' winning seasons and for the two years afterwards (to enable comparison of results before, during and after the supposed curse was in effect). The patterns of data were compared to four statistical models:
828-407: The effect of treatment on a patient. In the past, each discipline had its own variation of the jersey. Since the 2016 Cyclo-cross Worlds , the 'classic' jersey without symbols (previously reserved for the road race and paracycling road race) was assigned to all disciplines. The UCI Road World Cup (1989–2004) leader wore a rainbow jersey with a vertical rainbow. While the world champion wore
864-472: The entire game—as quickly as possible. This mode prioritizes completion time ahead of other measures of success such as high scores . In cases in which a game does not have a dedicated time attack or trial mode, a fast completion is frequently known as a speedrun . Usually the best results achieved in a time attack mode are stored in long-term memory by the game (on a hard disk or non-volatile memory ), so they can be shared with friends or improved upon at
900-542: The fastest time attack teams from around the globe to compete. Europe hosts several Time Attack championships with Dutch Time Attack as one of the first starting in June 2008. As to date this championship runs 4-6 races per year on CM.com Circuit Zandvoort , TT-circuit Assen , Nürburgring GP-Strecke (together with German Time Attack Masters ) and occasional additional racetracks in Germany, Belgium or France. Dutch Time Attack
936-410: The gap between NASA HPDE (High Performance Driving Events), and wheel-to-wheel racing. NASA TT provides a venue for spirited on-track competition with a high degree of both safety and convenience. NASA TT competition will take place during NASA HPDE-4 sessions or in separate TT run groups, depending on the event schedule and number of participants. In addition to having a set of National NASA TT Rules,
972-465: The higher class one goes the less regulations one is faced with. The top 12 competitors regardless of class will participate in the Final grid event in which the driver is allowed one warm up lap, one hot lap, and one cool down lap. The hot lap, however, will not count towards the overall trackbattle event. There is also a seasonal championship with every class having a champion based on points earned throughout
1008-495: The jersey in all events of the year in the specialization of his world title (the road champion wore it only in mass start road events, not, for example, in time trials or in track events), the World Cup leader wore it only in World Cup races. Rainbow jersey colours have been used unofficially by triathlon , speed skating and Crashed Ice world champions. Time trial In many racing sports , an athlete (or occasionally
1044-477: The jersey when competing in the same discipline, category and speciality for which the title was won. For example, the world road race champion would wear the garment while competing in stage races (except for time trial stages) and one-day races, but would not be entitled to wear it during time trials. Similarly, on the track, the world individual pursuit champion would only wear the jersey when competing in other individual pursuit events. In team events, such as
1080-481: The latter may form components of multi-day stage races . In contrast to other types of races, athletes race alone since they are sent out in intervals (interval starts), as opposed to a mass start . Time trialist will often seek to maintain marginal aerodynamic gains as the races are often won or lost by a couple of seconds. In cross-country skiing and biathlon competitions, skiers are sent out in 30 to 60 second intervals. In rowing , time trial races, where
1116-584: The only event that was contested was the men's road race for amateurs . The first professional world championship took place in July 1927 at the Nürburgring in Germany where Italian Alfredo Binda won the professional men's race and Belgian Jean Aerts won the men's amateur race. The women's road race was introduced in 1958. A men's team time trial, contested by national teams, was introduced in 1962. Beginning in 1972,
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1152-608: The rules, safety guidelines, and driving requirements of the HPDE-4 program apply to NASA TT. These rules can be found in the NASA CCR (Club Codes and Regs). Other events such as Gridlife offer a time attack event taking place in various locations across North America. The competition is divided into various groups based on car specification. The level varies from everyday driven vehicles to non road legal race cars. Each class also has its own set of rules and regulations on car specifications as
1188-474: The same rainbow pattern on the collar and cuffs of their jersey for the remainder of their career. The reigning world champions (elite only) are as follows: The curse of the rainbow jersey is a popular term to refer to the phenomenon where cyclists who have become World Champion often suffer from poor luck the next year – though, in some cases, the 'bad luck' was brought on by their own actions. In 2015 an article by epidemiologist Thomas Perneger examining
1224-482: The season. In Germany, the German Timeattack Masters is a time attack championship, held since 2013. It started being limited to Japanese cars only and opened up to vehicles of all makes in 2016. From 2013 to 2017 the championship consisted of four events, in 2018 that number increased to five for the overall championship. Events are held on various racing tracks, most of them located in Germany , like
1260-420: The team time trial was discontinued in Olympic years only. Individual time trials in all categories were added in 1994, which was also the last year for the original incarnation of the men's team time trial. In 2012, the men's team time trial was reinstated, and a women's team time trial added to the program; both were contested by trade teams. In 2019, the team time trial events for men and women were replaced by
1296-741: The world. In the United States, the Super Lap Battle is held at Buttonwillow Raceway Park since 2004. In February 2019 a new event called Superlap Battle USA was run at the Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas . The outright winner was Cole Powelson in the Lyfe Nissan GTR. An international event known as World Time Attack Challenge has been held at Sydney Motorsport Park , Australia since 2010 attracting
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