77-640: Renovación Nacional may refer to: National Renewal (Chile) National Renewal (Peru) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Renovación Nacional . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Renovación_Nacional&oldid=933083348 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Political party disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
154-581: A sexual education program to their curriculum. Bachelet's first political crisis came in late April 2006, when massive high school student demonstrations – unseen in three decades – broke out throughout the country, demanding better public education. In June 2006, she sought to dampen the student protests by setting up an 81-member advisory committee, including education experts from all political backgrounds, representatives of ethnic groups, parents, teachers, students, school owners, university rectors, people from diverse religious denominations, etc. Its purpose
231-578: A state of catastrophe and, on Sunday afternoon, sent military troops to the most affected areas in an effort to quell instances of looting and arson. She also imposed night curfews in the most affected cities, but was criticized for not deploying the troops quickly enough. In January 2010 Bachelet opened the Museum of Memory and Human Rights in Santiago, documenting the horrors of Pinochet's 16 + 1 ⁄ 2 -year dictatorship. In November she promulgated
308-602: A Doctrinal Council held in Pucón , National Renewal drafted a new statement of principles where they were eliminated references to the coup d'état of 11 September 1973 . On 4 October 2015, National Renewal formed with the Independent Democratic Union (UDI), Political Evolution (Evópoli) and the Independent Regionalist Party (PRI) the new centre-right coalition called Chile Vamos . In July 2016,
385-532: A bonus to female pensioners for every child born alive. In October 2006 Bachelet enacted legislation to protect subcontracted employees , which would benefit an estimated 1.2 million workers. In June 2009 she introduced pay equality legislation , guaranteeing equal pay for equal work in the private sector, regardless of gender. In September 2009 Bachelet signed the "Chile Grows with You" plan into law, providing comprehensive social services to vulnerable children from ages zero to six. That law also established
462-516: A cloak and military cap, perched atop an amphibious tank . By the end of 2004, Bachelet's surging popularity in opinion polls made her the only politician within the Coalition of Parties for Democracy (Concertación de los Partidos por la Democracia; CPD) who was capable of defeating Joaquín Lavín in the presidential election. As a result, she was chosen as the Socialist Party's candidate for
539-751: A consultant for the Pan-American Health Organization , the World Health Organization , and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit . While working for the National AIDS Commission (Conasida), she became romantically involved with Aníbal Hernán Henríquez Marich, a fellow physician and a right-wing supporter of Pinochet, who fathered her third child, Sofía Catalina, in December 1992. Their relationship ended
616-601: A few years later. From March 1994 and July 1997, Bachelet worked as Senior Assistant to the Deputy Health Minister. Driven by an interest in civil-military relations, Bachelet began studying military strategy at the National Academy of Political and Strategic Studies (ANEPE) in Chile in 1996, earning first place in her class. This achievement earned her a presidential scholarship, allowing her to continue her studies in
693-630: A high of 5.7% in 2006 and a low of −1.0% in 2009 due to the global financial crisis. The real minimum wage increased an average of 2% per year, the lowest increase of any president since 1990, while unemployment hovered between 7 and 8% for the first three years, then rose to nearly 11% during 2009. Inflation averaged 4.5% per year, reaching close to 9% in 2008 due to rising food prices. Absolute poverty fell from 13.7% in November 2006 to 11.5% in November 2009. Bachelet began her term with an unprecedented absolute majority in both chambers of Congress. Prior to
770-528: A law (submitted to Congress during the previous administration) creating the National Institute for Human Rights, with the goal of protecting and promoting human rights in the country. The law also allowed for the reopening of the Rettig and Valech commissions for 18 months. She used her power as president to send a bill to legalize gay marriages, and sponsored a reproductive rights bill. On 10 August 2018
847-679: A law creating the Ministry for the Environment. The new legislation also created the Environmental Evaluation Service and the Superintendency for the Environment. Half of the ministries in her first government were occupied by women; in her successor's team, Sebastián Piñera , 18% were. Bachelet was widely credited for resisting calls from politicians within her own coalition to spend the country's huge copper revenues to close
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#1732856145385924-583: A non-governmental organization that provided support for the children of the missing and the tortured in Santiago and Chillán . She served as the head of the Medical Department of the foundation from 1986 and 1990. Some time after the birth of her second child with Dávalos, Francisca Valentina, in February 1984, she and her husband legally separated. Between 1985 and 1987, Bachelet had a romantic relationship with Alex Vojkovic Trier, an engineer and spokesman for
1001-407: A notorious secret detention center in Santiago, where they were separated and subjected to interrogation and torture. In 2013, Bachelet said she had been interrogated by DINA chief Manuel Contreras there. Some days later, Bachelet was transferred to Cuatro Álamos ("Four Poplars") detention center , where she was held until the end of January. Thanks to the assistance of Roberto Kozak , Bachelet
1078-476: A right-wing opposition that she perceived as "obstructionist". By 2007, the CPD had lost its absolute majority in both chambers of Congress as several senators and deputies from the coalition became independent. In December 2006, Pinochet died. Bachelet decided not to grant him a state funeral , an honour bestowed upon constitutionally elected Chilean presidents, but a military funeral as former commander-in-chief of
1155-579: A scholarship from the Chilean Medical Chamber to specialize in pediatrics and public health at the Roberto del Río Children's Hospital at the University of Chile' (1983–86). She completed the program with excellent grades but did not receive her certification for "financial reasons". During this time, Bachelet also worked at PIDEE (Protection of Children Injured by States of Emergency Foundation),
1232-563: A series of circumstances that forced me to abstain". The government quickly recalled Huepe and accepted his resignation. In May 2008, Bachelet became the first President pro tempore of the Union of South American Nations (Unasur) and in September she called for an urgent summit after Bolivian President Evo Morales warned of a possible coup attempt against him. The presidents of Bolivia, Ecuador, Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil and Colombia, and
1309-556: A social welfare management framework called the "Intersectoral Social Protection System", made up of subsystems such as "Chile Solidario" and "Chile Grows with You". Between 2008 and 2010 the Bachelet administration delivered a so-called "literary briefcase" (a box of books including encyclopedias, dictionaries, poetry works and books for both children and adults) to the 400,000 poorest families with children attending primary school from first to fourth grade. In March 2009, Bachelet launched
1386-585: A university student, Bachelet joined the Socialist Youth and was an active supporter of the Popular Unity . In the immediate aftermath of the coup, she and her mother worked as couriers for the underground Socialist Party directorate, which was trying to organize a resistance movement . Eventually, almost all of them were captured and disappeared . In the second half of the 1980s, Bachelet, after her return from exile, became politically active, fighting for
1463-512: Is a list of the presidential candidates supported by the National Renewal. (Information gathered from the Archive of Chilean Elections ). Michelle Bachelet Verónica Michelle Bachelet Jeria ( Spanish: [beˈɾonika miˈʃel βaʃeˈle ˈxeɾja] ; born 29 September 1951 ) is a Chilean politician who served as President of Chile from 2006 to 2010 and again from 2014 to 2018, becoming
1540-446: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages National Renewal (Chile) National Renewal ( Spanish : Renovación Nacional , RN ) is a liberal conservative political party in Chile . It is a member of Chile Vamos , a centre-right to right-wing coalition. Sebastián Piñera , the former President of Chile, was a member of
1617-410: Is the second child of archaeologist Ángela Jeria Gómez (1926–2020) and Air Force Brigadier General Alberto Bachelet Martínez (1923–1974). Bachelet's great-great-grandfather, Louis-Joseph Bachelet Lapierre (1820–1864), was a French wine merchant from Chassagne-Montrachet who immigrated to Chile with his Parisian wife, Françoise Jeanne Beault, in 1860. He was hired as a wine-making expert by
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#17328561453851694-468: The 11 September 1973 coup d'état , Bachelet's father was detained at the Air War Academy on charges of treason. Following months of daily torture at Santiago's Public Prison, he suffered a cardiac arrest that resulted in his death on 12 March 1974. In early January 1975, Bachelet and her mother were detained at their apartment by two DINA agents, who blindfolded them and drove them to Villa Grimaldi ,
1771-564: The Alliance for Chile , 20 out of 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and currently holds 7 out of 38 seats in the Senate. In the parliamentary elections , also on 13 December 2009, the party gains, as part of the Coalition for Change , 18 out of 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies of Chile and currently has 8 out of 38 seats in the Senate of Chile. In the 2010 presidential election , Sebastián Piñera
1848-716: The Herder Institute of Karl Marx University (now the University of Leipzig ). She gave birth to her first child with Dávalos, Jorge Alberto Sebastián, in June 1978. She returned to Potsdam in September 1978 to continue her medical studies at the Humboldt University of Berlin for two years. Five months after enrolling as a student, however, she obtained authorization to return to her country. After four years in exile, Bachelet returned to Chile in 1979. Her medical school credits from
1925-480: The Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front , an armed group that, among other actions, attempted to assassinate Pinochet in 1986. The affair was a minor issue during her presidential campaign, during which she stated that she never supported any of Vojkovic's activities. After Chile's transition to democracy in 1990, Bachelet worked for the Ministry of Health's West Santiago Health Service and served as
2002-538: The National Congress in Valparaíso attended by many foreign heads of states and delegates. Much of Bachelet's first three months as president were spent working on 36 measures she had promised during her campaign to implement during her first 100 days in office. They ranged from simple presidential decrees, such as providing free health care for older patients, to complex bills to reform the social security system and
2079-565: The Subercaseaux vineyards in Santiago . Bachelet Lapierre's son, Germán, was born in Santiago in 1862 and, in 1891, married Luisa Brandt Cadot, a Chilean of French and Swiss descent. They had a son, Alberto Bachelet Brandt, born in 1894. Bachelet's maternal great-grandfather, Máximo Jeria Chacón, of Spanish ( Basque ) and Greek heritage, was the first person in Chile to earn a degree in agronomic engineering . He founded several agronomy schools in
2156-652: The United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women . Bachelet, a physician with studies in military strategy , also held positions as Health Minister and Defense Minister under President Ricardo Lagos . She is a separated mother of three and identifies as agnostic . In addition to her native Spanish , she is fluent in English and has proficiency in German , French , and Portuguese . Bachelet
2233-756: The balance of power within the Coalition, Bachelet named seven ministers from the Christian Democrat Party (PDC), five from the Party for Democracy (PPD), four from the Socialist Party (PS), one from the Social Democrat Radical Party (PRSD), and three without party affiliation. Bachelet was sworn in as President of the Republic of Chile on 11 March 2006 in a ceremony held in a plenary session of
2310-491: The embargo . No Chilean head of state had visited the country in 37 years. Despite petitions from the Christian Democratic Party of her own governing coalition, and of the opposition parties , Bachelet did not meet with Cuban dissidents during her visit. Soon after the meeting, Castro wrote that the "fascist and vengeful Chilean oligarchy is the same which more than 100 years ago robbed Bolivia of its access to
2387-403: The first woman to hold the presidency. She was re-elected in December 2013 with over 62% of the vote, having previously received 54% in 2006, making her the first President of Chile to be re-elected since 1932. After her second term, she served as United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights from 2018 to 2022. Earlier in her career, she was appointed as the first executive director of
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2464-537: The "I Choose my PC" program, awarding free computers to poor seventh-graders with excellent academic performance attending government-subsidized schools. During 2009 and 2010 Bachelet delivered maternity packages to all babies born in public hospitals, which are about 80% of total births. In January 2010, Bachelet promulgated a law allowing the distribution of emergency contraception pills in public and private health centers, including to persons under 14, without parental consent. The law also requires high schools to add
2541-512: The Army appointed by President Salvador Allende. She also refused to declare an official national day of mourning , but did authorize flags at military barracks to fly at half staff . Pinochet's coffin was also allowed to be draped in a Chilean flag. Bachelet did not attend his funeral, saying it would be "a violation of [her] conscience", and sent Defense Minister Vivianne Blanlot instead. In April 2008, Bachelet's Education Minister, Yasna Provoste ,
2618-612: The Chilean ambassador in Lima for consultations. The United Nations Security Council election held on 16 October 2006 , which saw a deadlock between Venezuela and Guatemala for the two-year, non-permanent Latin American and Caribbean seat on the Security Council , developed into a significant ideological issue in Chile and was viewed as a test for Bachelet. The governing coalition was split, with
2695-610: The Chilean government filed a formal diplomatic protest with Peru and summoned home its ambassador after Peru published an official map claiming a part of the Pacific Ocean that Chile considers its sovereign territory. Peru said this was just another step in its plans to bring the dispute to the International Court of Justice in The Hague . In January 2008 Peru asked the court to consider the dispute, prompting Bachelet to summon home
2772-583: The Chilean state-owned and independent public broadcaster Televisión Nacional de Chile (TVN) canceled the broadcast of a documentary about the War of the Pacific after a cautionary call was made to the stations' board of directors by Chilean Foreign Relations Minister Alejandro Foxley , apparently acting on demands made by the Peruvian ambassador to Chile; the show was finally broadcast in late May of that year. In August 2007
2849-510: The GDR were not recognized, so she had to restart her studies where she left off before she fled the country. Despite this setback, she graduated as physician-surgeon on 7 January 1983. Bachelet wanted to work in the public sector where she could make the most impact, but her request to work as a general practitioner was denied by the military government on "political grounds". However, Bachelet's academic achievements and published papers earned her
2926-455: The National Renewal candidate thus ensuring that the Alliance have two candidates for the election. In the first round on 11 December, Piñera obtained 25.4% of the vote, which was enough to send him to the run-off on 15 January 2006 with Michelle Bachelet . With 46.5% of the vote, Piñera was defeated by Bachelet. In the legislative elections , also on 11 December 2005, the party won, as part of
3003-546: The Pacific and of copper-rich lands in a humiliating war ". In March 2009, Bachelet hosted in Viña del Mar the "Progressive Leaders Summit", meeting with U.S. Vice President Joe Biden , British Prime Minister Gordon Brown , Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero and presidents Tabaré Vázquez of Uruguay, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of Brazil and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner of Argentina. The meeting garnered some media interest because it took place six days before
3080-703: The Secretary-General of the Organization of American States , met with Bachelet at the La Moneda Palace in Santiago, where they agreed to send two commissions to Bolivia: one to mediate between the executive and the opposition, and another to investigate the killings in Pando Department . In February 2009, Bachelet visited Cuba and met with Fidel Castro . There she urged the United States to put an end to
3157-514: The Senator of National Renewal Manuel José Ossandón left the party to form his presidential candidacy in 2017. The National Renewal party, in 2017, accorded support the presidential candidacy of Sebastián Piñera within UDI and PRI to primary elections of the centre-right coalition Chile Vamos. In the parliamentary elections of 2017, National Renewal obtained 36 seats in the Chamber of Deputies with 17.80% of
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3234-604: The Socialists supporting Venezuela's bid and the Christian Democrats strongly opposing it. The day before the vote, the president announced through her spokesman that Chile would abstain, citing the lack of regional consensus on a single candidate, ending months of speculation. In March 2007, Chile's ambassador to Venezuela, Claudio Huepe , said in an interview with teleSUR that Bachelet personally told him that she had initially intended to vote for Venezuela but then "there were
3311-756: The United States at the Inter-American Defense College in Washington, D.C., where she completed a Continental Defense Course in 1998. That same year she returned to Chile to work for the Defense Ministry as the Senior Assistant to the Defense Minister and went on to graduate from a Master's program in military science at the Chilean Army 's War Academy. In 1970, during her first year as
3388-571: The United States, where her father was assigned to the military mission at the Chilean Embassy in Washington, D.C. Her family lived for almost two years in Bethesda, Maryland , where she attended Western Junior High School and learned to speak English fluently. Returning to Chile in 1964, she graduated in 1969 from Liceo Nº 1 Javiera Carrera , a prestigious girls' public high school, finishing near
3465-410: The center-right ( RN ), Joaquín Lavín from the right-wing ( UDI ), and Tomás Hirsch from the left ( JPM ). As predicted by opinion polls, she didn't receive the absolute majority needed to win the election outright, obtaining 46% of the vote. On 15 January 2006, she went on to face Piñera in the runoff election and won the presidency with 53.5% of the vote, becoming Chile's first female president and
3542-419: The construction of a new subway line in Santiago, to be operational by 2014 (the date was later changed to mid-2016 ). In February 2007 Santiago's transport system was radically altered with the introduction of Transantiago , designed under the previous administration. The system was nearly unanimously condemned by the media, the users and the opposition, significantly damaging her popularity, and leading to
3619-466: The continuity or not of rule of Augusto Pinochet who had been in power since the coup of 1973. The UDI soon broke away to run as a separate party due to its strong support for the plebiscite and a Pinochet candidacy, while the remaining National Renewal party indicated its preference for an open election or a candidate other than Pinochet. However, once Pinochet was proclaimed candidate, the overwhelming majority of National Renewal supported him. The party
3696-694: The country and married Lely Johnson, the daughter of an English physician working in Chile. Their son, Máximo Jeria Johnson, married Ángela Gómez Zamora, and they had five children, with Bachelet's mother being the fourth. Bachelet was born in La Cisterna , a middle-class suburb of Santiago . She was named after French actress Michèle Morgan . Bachelet spent many of her childhood years traveling around her native Chile, moving with her family from one military base to another. She lived and attended primary schools in, among other places, Quintero , Antofagasta , and San Bernardo . In 1962, she moved with her family to
3773-538: The electoral system. For her first state visit , Bachelet chose Argentina, arriving in Buenos Aires on 21 March. There she met with president Néstor Kirchner , with whom she signed strategic agreements on energy and infrastructure, including the possibility of launching a bidding process to operate the Transandine Railway . In March 2006 Bachelet created an advisory committee to reform the pension system, which
3850-509: The elimination of appointed senators in the 2005 constitutional reforms, the CPD had never held a majority in the Senate. However, she was soon met with internal opposition from several discontented lawmakers in both chambers of Congress, known as díscolos ("disobedient", "ungovernable"). This opposition jeopardized the coalition's fragile and historic congressional majority on a number of key executive-sponsored bills during much of her first two years in office and forced Bachelet to negotiate with
3927-492: The first 100 days of Lagos's government. Although she was successful in reducing the waiting lists by 90%, she was unable to completely eliminate them and offered her resignation, which was promptly rejected by the President. Bachelet authorized the free distribution of the morning-after pill for victims of sexual abuse , which sparked controversy. On 7 January 2002 Bachelet was appointed Minister of National Defense , becoming
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#17328561453854004-540: The first woman in Latin America to reach the presidency through a direct election without being the wife of a previous head of state or political leader. On 30 January 2006, Bachelet was declared President-elect by the Elections Certification Court (Tricel) and announced her cabinet, which, for the first time, was composed of an equal number of men and women, as promised during her campaign. To reflect
4081-414: The first woman in a Latin American country and one of the few in the world to hold this position. As Minister of Defense, she fostered reconciliatory gestures between the military and victims of the dictatorship, leading to General Juan Emilio Cheyre , head of the army, making a historic declaration in 2003 that the military would "never again" subvert democracy in Chile. Additionally, she oversaw reforms of
4158-480: The income gap. Instead in 2007 she created the Economic and Social Stabilization Fund, a sovereign wealth fund which accumulates fiscal surpluses above 1% of GDP. This allowed her to finance new social policies and provide economic stimulus packages when the 2008 financial crisis hit the country. During her four years in office, the economy grew at an average rate of 3.3% per year (2.3% on per capita basis), reaching
4235-500: The loan after Congress had refused to approve funds for the beleaguered program in November 2007 – made use of an emergency clause in the Constitution that grants funds equivalent to 2% of the fiscal budget. In November 2008, she invoked the emergency clause again after Congress denied once again funds for the system for 2009. On 27 February 2010, during the last week of summer vacations and less than two weeks before Bachelet's term
4312-409: The military pension system and continued with the modernization process of the Chilean armed forces, including purchasing of new military equipment and participating in international peace operations. One key moment that has been cited as a factor in Bachelet's chances to the presidency occurred in mid-2002, during a flood in northern Santiago. As Defense Minister, she led a rescue operation while wearing
4389-431: The outgoing UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein warmly welcomed the UN General Assembly 's appointment of Michelle Bachelet to succeed him. He said that "She has all the attributes – courage, perseverance, passion, and a deep commitment to human rights". In August 2008, Bachelet signed a freedom of information bill into law, which became effective in April 2009. In January 2010, Bachelet enacted
4466-432: The party and launched a political movement called " Amplitude " ( Amplitud ), that aimed to be a new political party inside the Alliance. In the internal elections of 2014 the party, the deputy Cristián Monckeberg was elected president of the party. On 2 August 2014, National Renewal debuts its new logo with a blue and red star gradient colours. In August 2014 the deputy Gaspar Rivas left the party. On 22 November 2014, on
4543-399: The party. National Renewal was formed on 29 April 1987 when three rightist organizations – the National Union Movement ( Movimiento de Unión Nacional , MUN), the National Labour Front ( Frente Nacional del Trabajo , FNT), and the Independent Democratic Union Movement ( Movimiento Unión Demócrata Independiente , UDI) – joined in preparation for the 1988 Plebiscite that would determine
4620-451: The presidency. Initially hesitant to accept the nomination, as it was never a goal of hers, she eventually agreed as she felt she could not let her supporters down. On 1 October of that year, she stepped down from her government position to fully focus on her campaign and to support the CPD in the municipal elections held later that month. On 28 January 2005 she was officially named the Socialist Party's presidential candidate. An open primary
4697-430: The restoration of democracy in Chile, although not on the front line. In 1995, she became a member of the party's Central Committee and, from 1998 to 2000, she was an active member of the Political Commission. In 1996, she ran against future presidential opponent Joaquín Lavín for the mayorship of Las Condes , a wealthy suburb of Santiago and a right-wing stronghold. Lavín won the 22-candidate election with nearly 78% of
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#17328561453854774-410: The sacking of her Transport minister. On her decision not to abort the plan's start, she said in April 2007 she was given erroneous information which caused her to act against her "instincts." In September 2008, Chile's Constitutional Court declared a US$ 400 million loan by the Inter-American Development Bank to fund the transport system unconstitutional. Bachelet – who had been forced to ask for
4851-460: The sole Alliance candidate in the 1999/2000 presidential elections, who went on to obtain 47.5% of the votes in the first round, but was subsequently defeated in the second round by Ricardo Lagos . During early 2005, the party initially supported Lavín to again run as the sole candidate of the Alliance in the presidential election of that year. However, in face of Lavín's declining opinion poll numbers, Sebastián Piñera announced his candidacy as
4928-509: The top of her class. There she was class president, a member of the choir and volleyball teams, and part of a theater group and a band, "Las Clap Clap," which she co-founded and which toured around several school festivals. In 1970, after obtaining a relatively high score on the university admission test, she entered medical school at the University of Chile , where she was selected in the 113th position (out of 160 admitted applicants). She originally intended to study sociology or economics, but
5005-444: The vote, while Bachelet finished fourth with 2.35%. On 11 March 2000, virtually unknown at the time, Bachelet was appointed Minister of Health by President Ricardo Lagos. She conducted an in-depth study of the public healthcare system which resulted in the creation of the AUGE plan a few years later. During her tenure, she was given the challenging task of eliminating the waiting lists in the overburdened public hospital system within
5082-436: The votes and 8 seats in the Senate with 20.98% of the votes, thus becoming the most voted party in these elections and displacing its coalition partner, the Independent Democratic Union. On 11 March 2018, for the second government of Sebastián Piñera, National Renewal has 5 Ministers, 8 Undersecretaries, 5 regional Intendants and 24 provincial Governors. National Renewal has nine party presidents in its history: The following
5159-454: Was impeached by Congress for her handling of a scandal involving mismanagement of school subsidies. Her conviction was the first for a sitting minister in 36 years. During her first year in office Bachelet faced continuing problems from neighbors Argentina and Peru. In July 2006, she sent a letter of protest to Argentine president Néstor Kirchner after his government issued a decree increasing export tariffs on natural gas to Chile, which
5236-503: Was able to go into exile in Australia, where her older brother, Alberto, had moved in 1969. Of her torture, Bachelet said, in 2004, that "it was nothing in comparison to what others suffered". She was "yelled at using abusive language, shaken", and both she and her mother were "threatened with the killing of the other". She was "never tortured with electricity ", but she did see it done to other prisoners. In May 1975, Bachelet left Australia and later relocated to East Germany, where she
5313-522: Was assigned an apartment in Am Stern , Potsdam by the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Her mother joined her a month later and lived separately in Leipzig . In October 1976, Bachelet began working at a communal clinic in the Babelsberg neighborhood as a stepping stone to furthering her medical studies at a university in East Germany. During this time, she met architect Jorge Leopoldo Dávalos Cartes, another Chilean exile, and they married in 1977. In January 1978, Bachelet went to Leipzig to study German at
5390-419: Was considered by Bachelet to be a violation of a tacit bilateral agreement. In early 2007, Peru accused Chile of unilaterally redefining their shared sea boundary in a section of a law passed by Congress that detailed the borders of the new administrative region of Arica and Parinacota . The impasse was resolved by the Chilean Constitutional Tribunal, which declared that section unconstitutional. In March 2007,
5467-425: Was elected president of Chile . In 2013, Andrés Allamand was presidential precandidate for primary elections, the National Renewal party supported the presidential candidacy of Evelyn Matthei for the presidential election , that lost in second round with the 37% of the votes. In January 2014, three deputies (Karla Rubilar, Pedro Browne and Joaquín Godoy) and one senator (Lily Pérez) resigned to membership in
5544-470: Was founded on 29 April with 351 founding members. In this way, National Renewal was the first political party to form in Chile after the lifting on the ban of political parties that had been established after the coup; by December of that year, 61,167 members, led by Andrés Allamand , had joined. The principal idea that the party proclaimed was to generate an environment of calm during the return of democracy. The party supported UDI candidate Joaquín Lavín as
5621-507: Was headed by former budget director Mario Marcel. The commission issued its final report in July 2006, and in March 2008 Bachelet signed the bill into law. The new legislation established a Basic Solidarity Pension (PBS) and a Solidarity Pension Contribution (APS), guaranteeing a minimum pension for the 60% poorest segment of the population, regardless of their contribution history. The reform also grants
5698-480: Was prevailed upon by her father to study medicine instead. She has said she opted for medicine because it was 'a concrete way of helping people cope with pain' and 'a way to contribute to improve health in Chile.' Facing growing food shortages, the government of Salvador Allende placed Bachelet's father in charge of the Food Distribution Office. When General Augusto Pinochet suddenly came to power via
5775-404: Was scheduled for July 2005 to determine the CPD's sole presidential candidate, but it was canceled after Bachelet's only rival, Christian Democrat Soledad Alvear , a cabinet member in the first three CPD administrations, withdrew early due to a lack of support within her own party and in opinion polls. In the December 2005 election, Bachelet ran against three candidates: Sebastián Piñera from
5852-455: Was set to expire, Chile was struck by an 8.8-magnitude earthquake that killed over 500 people and caused widespread damage, including the collapse of apartment buildings and bridges and tsunamis that destroyed fishing villages. Bachelet and the government faced criticism for their slow response to the disaster, which hit on a Saturday at 3:34 am and left most of the country without electricity, phone, and Internet access. Bachelet declared
5929-479: Was to propose changes to the country's educational system and serve as a forum to share ideas and views. The committee issued its final report in December 2006. In August 2009, she signed the education reform bill into law, which created two new regulatory bodies: a Superintendency on Education and a Quality Agency. During her presidency Bachelet opened 18 new subway stations in Santiago, nine in 2006, one in 2009 and eight in 2010. In December 2009 Bachelet announced
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