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51-472: Red velvet cake is traditionally a red, crimson, or scarlet-colored layer cake , layered with ermine icing or cream cheese icing. Traditional recipes do not use food coloring , with the red color possibly due to non- Dutched , anthocyanin -rich cocoa, and possibly due to the usage of brown sugar , formerly called red sugar. Common ingredients include buttermilk , butter , cocoa , vinegar , and flour . Beet juice or red food coloring may be used for

102-613: A German konditorei style cake such as the Black Forest cake. An example for a European layer cake invented in 1735 is the Frankfurter Kranz (Frankfurt Crown Cake) which consists of two or three layers of sponge cake filled with jam and buttercream frosting , and then frosted with more buttercream. The French term gâteau is used for a cake in France, and in the UK it means a layer cake. It

153-400: A cake that usually reflects the personalities of the couple. Marzipan , fondant , gum paste , buttercream , and chocolate are among the popular ingredients used. Cakes range in price along with size and components. Cakes are usually priced on a per-person, or per-slice, basis. Prices can range from a few dollars to a few hundred dollars per-person or slice, depending on the pastry chef who

204-516: A double-layer cake, and others expect 24 servings. Much smaller pieces, with as many as 32 servings for a nine-inch round layer cake, are common for wedding cake . Unlike the Vietnamese Bánh da lợn or Swiss rolls , layer cake is assembled from several separate pieces of cake. A sheet cake can become a layer cake if it is cut into pieces and reassembled with frosting or other filling to form layers. Wedding cakes A wedding cake

255-471: A filler or to retain moisture. The cake and its original recipe are well known in the United States from New York City's famous Waldorf-Astoria Hotel , which has been dubbed the confection Waldorf-Astoria cake. However, it is widely considered a Southern recipe . Traditionally, red velvet cake is iced with a French-style butter ermine icing (also called roux icing though, while containing butter and flour, it

306-435: A firm finish that can be piped or thinned for "flood work", when larger sections need to be iced. It hardens fast and is ideal for making detailed shapes ahead of time. It can also be piped directly onto cake tiers and works beautifully for delicate detail work. There are a few things to consider when working with royal icing: You must use grease free utensils. Humidity also affects the consistency of royal icing. Joseph Lambeth,

357-444: A hobby item, sports team or symbol of his occupation. The movie Steel Magnolias included a red velvet groom's cake in the shape of a giant armadillo . Bermuda has a different tradition of two cakes. There, the bride's cake is a three-tiered fruitcake, and the groom's cake is a pound cake . The bride's cake is decorated with silver and represents prosperity, and the groom's cake is decorated with gold and represents his role as

408-491: A prosperous life together. From this the Croquembouche was created. The myth behind this cake tells of a pastry chef , visiting Medieval England who witnessed their tradition of piling sweet rolls between the bride and groom, which they attempted to kiss over without knocking them all down. The pastry chef then went back to France and piled sweet rolls up into a tower to make the first Croquembouche. The modern croquembouche

459-713: A red velvet groom's cake made in the shape of an armadillo . In addition to the many variations of red velvet cake, there are various red velvet-flavored products, including protein powder , tea, lattes , Pop-Tarts , waffles , pancakes , and alcoholic beverages. The scent is used for candles and air fresheners as well. For dietary restrictions, such as those due to allergies and ingredient sensitivity, vegan , gluten-free , and dairy-free variations are available. Layer cake Popular flavor combinations include German chocolate cake , red velvet cake , Black Forest cake , and carrot cake with cream cheese icing. Many wedding cakes are decorated layer cakes. In

510-457: A single type is chosen by most people. Even when a type is preferred within a culture, the preferred type may change significantly over time. For example, the traditional wedding cake in Korea was a rice cake topped with a powder made from red beans, but now guests are likely to see a sponge cake and fresh fruit. The typical style for a modern white wedding is a decorated white layer cake . It

561-412: A status symbol because only wealthy families could afford to include them in the cake. Prince Leopold's wedding cake was created in separate layers with very dense icing. When the icing would harden the tiers could be stacked, a groundbreaking innovation for wedding cakes at the time. Modern wedding cakes still use this method, with an added form of support with dowels imbedded in the cake to help carry

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612-563: A very pure white frosting . This display would show the wealth and social status of the family. When Queen Victoria used white icing on her cake it gained a new title: royal icing . The modern wedding cake as we know it now would originate at the 1882 wedding of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany ; his wedding cake was the first to actually be completely edible. Pillars between cake tiers did not begin to appear until about 20 years later. The pillars were very poorly made from broomsticks covered in icing. The tiers represented prosperity and were

663-513: A well known British cake decorator, developed a technique where he creates layered scrolls using royal icing as a medium. A wedding cake may be topped with fresh flowers. This is typical in the Philippines . Wedding cake toppers are models or art pieces that sit atop the cake. In the US, the most common type of cake topper features a representation of a bride and groom in wedding attire. This custom

714-406: Is a compartment of bride pie which is filled with live birds or a snake for the guests to pass the time in a wedding when they cut up the pie at the table. Guests were expected to have a piece out of politeness. It was considered very rude and bad luck not to eat the bride's pie. One tradition of bride's pie was to place a glass ring in the middle of the dessert and the maiden who found it would be

765-452: Is a pliable dough usually made from egg whites, unflavored gelatine, and powdered sugar. There are an array of methods and ingredients around the world on how to make flowerpaste and gumpaste. The purpose of this dough is typically to create flowers and other decorations for a cake. Due to the use of gum as one of the ingredients, it can be rolled very thin. Royal icing is made with water, sugar and egg white or meringue powder. It hardens to

816-465: Is also used for some types of pastry-based desserts like the Gâteau Basque . Layer cakes typically serve multiple people, so they are larger than cupcakes , petits fours , or other individual pastries. A common layer cake size, which is baked in nine-inch round cake pans, typically serves about 16 people, but there is some variation. Some recipes suggest larger pieces with as few as 10 servings for

867-478: Is credited with bringing the red velvet cake to kitchens across America during the Great Depression era, by being one of the first to sell red food coloring and other flavor extracts with the use of point-of-sale posters and tear-off recipe cards. When foods were rationed in the US during World War II , bakers used boiled beet juices to enhance the color of their cakes. Beet was and is used in some recipes as

918-465: Is hired to make the cake. Wedding cakes and cake decorating in general have become a certain pop culture symbol in western society . In the United States, reality television shows such as Cake Boss and Amazing Wedding Cakes have become popular and are trending in today's popular culture . The first wedding cakes were probably made in ancient Greece . The contemporary wedding cake has grown out of several different ethnic traditions. One of

969-671: Is more common. Greek wedding cakes are elaborate and even architectural, with many tiers. In the Philippines, the cake may be a vanilla sponge cake, but it might also be a purple ube cake . White cake is currently the most popular wedding cake flavor in the US, but different flavors of filling can be added between layers. Chocolate, carrot , Italian Rum and Italian Cream are also popular choices. Wedding cakes based on flavor include chocolate, vanilla , or strawberry . Many modern cakes now consist of flavors such as vanilla sponge, chocolate sponge or carrot cake. In some areas, particularly

1020-498: Is not made from a roux), which is very light and fluffy, but time-consuming to prepare. Cream cheese frosting and buttercream frosting are variations that have increased in popularity. In Canada, the cake was a well-known dessert in the restaurants and bakeries of the Eaton's department store chain in the 1940s and 1950s. Promoted as an exclusive Eaton's recipe, with employees who knew the recipe sworn to silence, many mistakenly believed

1071-550: Is still very popular in France, where it is now common to place the croquembouche tower on a bed of cake and make it a top tier. This traditional French wedding cake is built from profiteroles and given a halo of spun sugar. In 1703, Thomas Rich, a baker's apprentice from Ludgate Hill , fell in love with his employer's daughter and asked her to marry him. He wanted to make an extravagant cake, so he drew on St Bride's Church , on Fleet Street in London for inspiration. Traditionally

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1122-406: Is surrounded by superstitions . In a traditional American wedding, maidens would be invited to pull ribbons that are attached to the bottom layer of the wedding cake. Out of all the ribbons, only one contains a charm or a ring, and whoever gets the charm will be the next person to marry. In other countries, the wedding cake is broken over the bride's head to ensure fertility and bring good fortune to

1173-462: Is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner. In some parts of England , the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast ; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day. In modern Western culture , the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception. Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and

1224-399: Is the traditional approach to wedding cake in France. In Norway and other Scandinavian countries, a pastry called Kransekake is the preferred approach to a wedding cake. This is often made by the family. Kanom sam kloe is a fried pastry served at Thai weddings. Three balls of dough, made from coconuts and sesame seeds, are fried together. There are superstitions about whether

1275-431: Is used for cakes like Dobos torte and Prinzregententorte : The cake batter is baked in seven or eight separate thin layers, about a half-inch thick each in the finished stack. These layers are then covered with a thin layer of cream and/or jam and stacked. This stack, which is the same height as the typical Western layer cake, is then frosted so that the structure is not visible. At first glance, these cakes look much like

1326-456: Is usually coated and decorated with frosting . The layers may be filled with frosting, pastry cream , lemon curd , or other cake fillings. It may be topped by decorations made from frosting, with edible flowers, or with other decorations. A layer cake can be a single cake, or it can be assembled to form a tiered cake. Very tall tiered cakes are important in Indonesia . The overall height of

1377-653: The American South , two cakes are presented at weddings. Usually, a large, white tiered cake, decorated mostly in white frosting, is called the bride's cake, and a second flavor choice is called the "groom's cake". This tradition was brought over from England by early American colonists, who considered the white-iced bride's cake too light for men's tastes. The groom's cake was usually a dark, liquor-soaked fruitcake. More recently, groom's cakes are usually chocolate or another of his favorite flavors. The groom's cake may be decorated or shaped as something significant to him, such as

1428-501: The Victorian era when Queen Victoria chose to wear a white lace wedding dress at her wedding to Prince Albert in 1840. Queen Victoria accentuated an existing symbol, the color white, being frequently associated with virginity and purity in Western culture. The wedding cake was originally known as the bride's cake; therefore, the color white became common because the cake needed to reflect

1479-421: The US until the middle of the 20th century. According to the results of one survey, in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, most wedding cakes in the US were either white or yellow cakes. In the 2000s and 2010s, there was more diversity in flavors, but most of them were white or chocolate cake. In Greece , the traditional flavor combination was honey , sesame seed, and quince . In modern Greece, an almond torte

1530-425: The bride would place a ring inside the couple's portion of the cake to symbolise acceptance of the proposal. Bride's pie would evolve into the bride's cake. At this point the dessert was no longer in the form of a pie and was sweeter than its predecessor. The bride cake was traditionally a plum or fruit cake . In the mid-18th century, double icing (covering the cake first with almond icing and then with white icing)

1581-401: The bride – and the expensive ingredients that the family was able to afford, such as refined white sugar. The cutting of the cake is a task full of symbolism. In China , the couple begins cutting a multi-tier cake from the lowest level and gives the first pieces to their parents and other ancestors as a symbolic way of honoring their place as the foundation of the family. The wedding cake

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1632-467: The bride's cake. The bride's cake was usually a simple pound cake with white icing because white was a sign of virginity and purity. Wedding cake was originally a luxury item, and a sign of celebration and social status (the bigger the cake, the higher the social standing). Wedding cakes in England and early America were traditionally fruit cakes, often tiered and topped with marzipan and icing. Cutting

1683-404: The cake is said to predict the couple's prosperity. In the US, three tiers has been the most common choice since at least the 1960s. In Appalachia , a stack cake was a way for poorer people to celebrate potluck-style by spreading the expense across the community. A stack cake is made of thin cakes baked by different guests for the wedding. These cakes are stacked on top of each other, with

1734-473: The cake was an important part of the reception. White icing was also a symbol of money and social importance in Victorian times, so a white cake was highly desired. Today, many flavors and configurations are available in addition to the traditional all-white tiered cake. In Medieval England cakes were stacked as high as possible for the bride and groom to kiss over. A successful kiss meant they were guaranteed

1785-422: The cake was the invention of the department store matriarch, Lady Eaton . Since the late 20th century, red velvet cake and red velvet cupcakes have become increasingly popular in the US and many European countries, especially around Christmas and more recently (since the 2010s) Valentine's Day . A resurgence in the popularity of this cake is attributed by some to the 1989 film Steel Magnolias , which included

1836-448: The color. In the 20th century, "velvet" cake, a soft and velvety crumb cake, came to be served as a fancy dessert, in contrast to what had been the more common, coarser-crumbed cake. Around the turn of the 20th century, devil's food cake was introduced, which is how some believe that red velvet cake came about. The key difference between the two cakes is that devil's food cake uses chocolate and red velvet cake uses cocoa. Adams Extract

1887-400: The couple. Also, some people today think that eating the crumbs of the wedding cake would give them good luck because the wedding cake symbolizes happiness and good life to the newlywed couple. There are also myths that bridesmaids have on dreaming of their future husbands. Hopeful bridesmaids would take a piece of cake home and place it under the pillow. Some bridesmaids would sleep with

1938-481: The couple. Nowadays, however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests. Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal. Wedding cakes come in a variety of sizes, depending on the number of guests the cake will serve. Modern pastry chefs and cake designers use various ingredients and tools to create

1989-548: The first traditions began in Ancient Rome , where a cake of wheat or barley was broken over the bride's head to bring good fortune to the couple. During the 16th century to the 17th century, the "bride's pie" was served at most weddings. Different from the modern sweet wedding cake, bride pie is savoury. Bride pie is a pie with pastry crust and filled an assortment of oysters , lamb testicles, pine kernels, and cocks' combs (from Robert May's 1685 recipe). For May's recipe, there

2040-558: The head of the family. The groom's cake is topped with a live cedar tree, which represents the couple's growing love, and which the couple later plants and cares for. When Prince William married Kate Middleton in 2011, a groom's cake was served alongside the wedding cake at the reception. The groom's cake was a chocolate biscuit cake based on a family recipe and McVitie's were asked to create it. Tiered cakes are often separated by flowers or columns to add visual impact and height. Separators can include jewels , shells, flowers and

2091-526: The layers usually being filled with apple butter or cooked apples. Among the Cajuns in the US, multiple cakes are baked at home by the bride's family, rather than having one large cake. In the United Kingdom and Australia , the traditional wedding cake is a rich fruitcake , which is elaborately decorated with icing and may be filled with almond paste . Fruitcake was also the traditional wedding cake in

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2142-405: The like or can be completely separated by using traditional chrome stands. Fondant is a form of frosting style that is rolled out and draped over tiers. Its smooth, firm sugar icing is often embellished with appliqués, Fondant can be cut into designs, formed into shapes, flavored or tinted. Poured fondant is used to glaze petits fours and other detailed confections. Flowerpaste or gumpaste

2193-446: The load, especially of larger cakes. Wedding cakes have been present at wedding ceremonies for centuries. They were not always the focus of the event and often came in different forms, like pies or bread. There has always been a lot of symbolism associated with the wedding cake. The earliest known sweet wedding cake is known as a Banbury cake , which became popular in 1655. The white color has been attached to wedding ceremonies since

2244-671: The mid-19th century, modern cakes were first described in English. Maria Parloa's Appledore Cook Book , published in Boston in 1872, contained one of the first layer cake recipes. Another early recipe for layer cake was published in Cassell's New Universal Cookery Book , published in London in 1894. Whereas in modern layer cakes, layers are generally baked to a height of around 2 inches (5.1 cm) and split horizontally, another method of preparing cake layers

2295-429: The multiple tier wedding cake, some wedding parties have stands with multiple tiers where cupcakes are placed, perhaps topped off with a small wedding cake at the top for the ceremonial cake-cutting. Being cheaper than a multi-tiered wedding cake, cupcakes also versatile in that they can have multiple flavors, colors, and designs. Croquembouche is a complex pastry made of cream puffs and caramelized sugar. This pastry

2346-409: The next to marry, similar to the modern tradition of catching the flower bouquet . In the 17th century, two cakes were made: one for the bride and one for the groom. The groom's cake would fall out of favour as the bride's cake became the main cake for the event. When the two cakes were served together, the groom's cake was typically the darker colored, rich fruit cake and generally much smaller than

2397-434: The pie would bring good luck was still common, but the glass ring slowly fell out of favor as the flower bouquet toss replaced it. The bride's cake would transform into the modern wedding cake we know today. In the early 19th century, sugar became easier to obtain during the time when the bride's cakes became popular. The more refined and whiter sugars were still very expensive, so only wealthy families could afford to have

2448-599: The pieces of cake in their left stocking and the rest under their pillows after passing the pieces of cake through the bride's wedding ring. In the medieval era , wedding cakes were constructed in rolls and buns that were laid on top of each other. The groom and bride would attempt to share a kiss on top of the stack of rolls to ensure fertility and have good fortune. Different types of cakes have been popular in different countries and at different times. In some countries, such as Italy , different couples choose different types of cake, according to their preferences. In others,

2499-404: The pieces of dough stay together; if they do, then this is said to portend a successful marriage and at least one child. In Europe in the 19th century, the cakes baked to serve at the christening of an infant were similar to wedding cakes. Eventually, since the wedding cakes were generally made of fruitcake, which would store well, and because the first baby often arrived within a year or so of

2550-491: Was dominant in US weddings in the 1950s, where it represented togetherness. Wedding toppers may also be figures that indicate shared hobbies or other passions, if they are used at all. Some are humorous, or may represent the couple's hobby or occupation. In Mexico , the wedding topper and other decorations tell a story about the couple's history. Instead of, or in addition to, a wedding cake, some people prefer to serve other desserts, such as pastries or cookies. Rather than

2601-408: Was used on bride cake. The white-iced upper surface of the bride cake was used as a platform on which all sorts of scenes and emblems could be mounted. The decoration was often at least partially three-dimensional and colourful in appearance. However, since some decorations were made with a variety of substances, sometimes the decoration or even parts of wedding cake were inedible. The myth that eating

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