Rajendra Mahato ( Nepali : राजेन्द्र महतो ; born 19 November 1958) is a Nepalese politician , who had been serving as the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Urban Development since 4 June 2021 but was removed from the post by the Supreme Court on 22 June 2021, making his tenure of just 18 days the shortest till date. He was the parliamentary party leader of the People's Socialist Party, Nepal , although the status matter of conflict within the party. Though weak today due to continuous party change, he once was a well known leader of Terai-Madhesh based political alliance. Now, he is thought to move to Sarlahi 4 . He has previously contested the election from Sarlahi and Dhanusha where his party could win no local level head position and got clean swept in recent election.
64-680: He started his political career from 1990. In the 1994 parliamentary election , he stood as the Nepal Sadbhavana Party candidate in the constituency Sarlahi -2. He came second with 10173 votes. In the 1999 parliamentary election he won the seat with 14750 votes, defeating former Prime Minister Surya Bahadur Thapa of the Rastriya Prajatantra Party . Mahato resigned from the interim parliament on January 19, 2008. In 2007, Mahato broke away from Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandidevi) and formed his own party, which later acquired
128-459: A coalition government under him on 26 December 2022 with Bishnu Prasad Paudel joined the cabinet as deputy prime minister but the coalition lasted for less than 2 months. In March 2024, the party again supported CPN (Maoist Centre)'s coalition before withdrawing support for the government in July later that year. Party chairman K.P. Sharma Oli was appointed as prime minister for the fourth time with
192-505: A constitutional monarch after increasing protests by the 1990 People's Movement . The 1991 multi-party elections saw the Nepali Congress party win a majority with 112 of the 205 seats. Girija Prasad Koirala was chosen by the Nepali Congress as their leader in parliament and was appointed Prime Minister . By 1994 the economic situation in Nepal had worsened and the opposition accused
256-406: A minority government under Manmohan Adhikari following the 1994 election . The party joined a coalition government with CPN (Maoist) in 2008 in the first elections after the end of the monarchy in Nepal and led two governments under Madhav Kumar Nepal and Jhala Nath Khanal during the term of the 1st Constituent Assembly . The party also led the first government after the promulgation of
320-408: A welfare system that guarantees social security and social justice to all citizens. The election symbol of CPN (UML) is the sun which is also present in the party logo. The hammer and sickle , a common symbol of communism, is also used in the party flag and logo. The party constitution determines that a golden hammer and sickle inside a red sun is the party's logo. The National Convention
384-543: A Central Disciplinary Commission, a Central Accounts Commission and a Central Electoral Commission. A Central Advisory Council can also be formed by the Central Committee if needed. Party committees exist at the provincial , district , local, ward and neighborhood level. In addition to this the party has a separate special committee in the Kathmandu Valley which is in the same level as the provincial committees in
448-471: A change in government was required. On election day itself there was some violence resulting in one death and another 15 people being injured. 124 international election monitors observed the election and new polls were ordered in 31 constituencies where violence had occurred. The results saw the Nepali Congress party lose their majority in parliament and the Communist party became the largest group in
512-489: A copy of Constitution of Nepal at the premises of Narayani Sub-regional hospital, Birgunj stating that he cannot accept the constitution which failed to integrate and maintain the Madhesi's rights at any cost. Mahato in one of this statement said;“The constitution, in favour of Koirala, Oli and Dahal, promulgated amid violence initiated by the government itself, will never be acceptable to us.” He pictured Prime-minister Oli of being
576-638: A legal challenge by Nepali Congress . In 1997 the party supported the minority government of Rastriya Prajatantra Party which lasted for seven months. Following disagreements about the Mahakali treaty , the party faced a split in March 1998. Bam Dev Gautam reconstituted the CPN (Marxist–Leninist) with 46 MPs from the party. In December 1998, the party supported the Nepali Congress – Nepal Sadbhawana Party government which
640-527: A nationwide movement to set up multi-nation state in Nepal.” The comment drew quick criticism on social media twitter, Facebook and tik-tok which accused Mr. Mahato of playing divisive politics. It was disliked by many high-ranked political leader of CPN-UML , leading the government. On the other hand, protest was organised on Saturday by the All Nepal National Free Students Union (ANNFSU) that demanded prime-minister Oli to step down over
704-569: A no-confidence motion and chief Minister of Lumbini, Shankar Pokharel also lost a no-confidence motion but were similarly reappointed after the opposition failed to prove their majority. A cabinet meeting chaired by prime minister and party chairman KP Sharma Oli recommended the president to dissolve the House of Representatives on 22 May 2021 after members of his party led by former prime ministers Madhav Kumar Nepal and Jhala Nath Khanal supported Nepali Congress leader Sher Bahadur Deuba as
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#1732880762062768-412: A note was pasted on main gate of Singhadurbar by Naya Party to restrict the entry of Mahato in the premises. On 22 June 2021, a complain numbered C035596 was lodged at CIAA , the concerned authority again to investigate his citizenship by advocate Birbhadra Joshi, Tulsi Ram Parajuli and Anil Bajgain. Demand for multi nation state On 4 June 2021, a group of PSP-N led by Mahantha Thakur accepted
832-499: Is a communist political party in Nepal . The party emerged as one of the major parties in Nepal after the end of the Panchayat era . Khadga Prasad Oli has been serving as party chairman since the party's ninth general convention in 2014. The party currently holds 79 seats in the House of Representatives , having won 26.95% of the party list votes in the 2022 general election and is
896-437: Is responsible to the national convention. The National Convention elects a Central Secretariat consisting of a chair, a senior vice-chair, six vice-chairs, one general secretary, three deputy general secretaries and seven secretaries. The Central Secretariat along with other elected members make up the 301-member Central Committee of the party. The chairs of the seven provincial committees of the party are also ex-officio members of
960-434: Is the supreme body of CPN (UML) and it is organized every five years by the party's Central Committee. The national convention elects the central secretariat and the central committee of the party. The convention also discusses and approves political documents, organisational proposals and amendments to the party constitution. The Central Committee of the party is the highest decision-making body within general conventions and
1024-544: The CPN (Unity National Campaign) . Following the split, the party lost its majority in Bagmati and Province 1 and Shakya and Acharya resigned following which the party was in opposition in all seven provinces. The 10th National Convention of the party was held in Chitwan between 26 and 29 November 2021 with K.P. Sharma Oli being reelected as the party chair. In the 2022 local elections , 11,929 councillors were elected from
1088-576: The Constituent Assembly . The party lost most of their leftist vote to the CPN (Maoist) and general secretary Madhav Kumar Nepal resigned following his defeat in both of his constituencies and was replaced by Jhala Nath Khanal . The party joined the coalition government with CPN (Maoist) following the election. The party's eight general convention in February 2009 elected Khanal as the party chairman and Ishwor Pokhrel as general secretary. Following
1152-496: The House of Representatives and one member of the National Assembly for CPN (Maoist Centre) also defected to CPN (UML) during the split but were dismissed as parliamentarians following their defection. KP Sharma Oli lost a no-confidence motion on 9 May 2021 but was reappointed as prime minister four days later after the opposition failed to prove a majority. Chief minister of Gandaki, Prithvi Subba Gurung resigned before
1216-495: The House of Representatives . The election took place after the Nepali Congress government collapsed and King Birenda called new elections. The results showed that the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) won the most seats in the House of Representatives and Man Mohan Adhikari became Prime Minister at the head of a minority government . King Birenda agreed to introduce democracy in 1990 and to become
1280-590: The Nepal Communist Party on 17 May 2018 but the new party was dissolved and CPN (UML) was revived by a Supreme Court decision on 8 March 2021. The party claimed to have 855,000 members as of December 2021 making them the largest party in Nepal by membership. The predecessors of the CPN (UML) were the CPN (Marxist) led by former general secretary the Communist Party of Nepal , Man Mohan Adhikari and CPN (Marxist–Leninist) led by Madan Bhandari . CPN (Marxist)
1344-441: The Nepali Congress following the election with Bamdev Gautam serving as deputy prime minister. At the party's ninth general convention in July 2014, K.P. Sharma Oli became party chair after defeating Madhav Kumar Nepal , while Ishwar Pokhrel was reelected as general secretary. After the new constitution was delivered by the coalition government, party chair K.P. Sharma Oli was elected as prime minister on 12 October 2015 with
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#17328807620621408-566: The United Left Front which was formed in 1990 to protest against the Panchayat system . The front along with Nepali Congress helped restore multi party democracy in the country after the 1990 revolution . On 6 January 1991, ahead of the 1991 general election , the first parliamentary elections in the country in three decades, the two parties merged to form the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) with Adhikari serving as
1472-452: The new constitution with KP Sharma Oli serving as prime minister. Oli again served as prime minister following the 2017 election . Former parties Former parties Former parties The party was formed in January 1991 after the merger of the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) . The party merged with CPN (Maoist Centre) to form
1536-480: The new election , Ashok Kumar Rai broke away from the party along with other indigenous leaders and formed the Federal Socialist Party claiming that the party failed to address their concerns during the discussions for promulgation of the constitution. In the 2013 election , the party became the second largest party winning 175 out of 575 elected seats. The party joined the coalition government under
1600-622: The Central Committee. One-third of the committee is also required to be female. The Central Committee also elects a 99-member Politburo and a 45-member Standing Committee among its members. When the Central Committee is not in session the Politburo is the highest decision-making body, the Standing Committee follows the Politburo in hierarchy and the Central Secretariat follows the Standing Committee. The National Convention also elects
1664-609: The Constituent Assembly from the two seats assigned to the party under proportional representation. Mahato had also become a leader for the Madhesi people , and stated concerns about Nepal's proposed constitution, calling it a ploy to subjugate the Madhesi. On 4 June 2021, he surprisingly joined Second Oli cabinet led by KP Oli whom he criticized the most. Mahato was born in Sarlahi district of eastern Nepal , on 19 November 1958, as
1728-444: The House of Representatives. However no party won the 103 seats required for a majority on their own. The pro-monarchy party, the Rastriya Prajatantra Party , made significant gains winning 20 seats up from the 4 they had won in the previous election. Voter turnout was 58% a decline from 60% of those who had voted in the previous election in 1991. Following the election the Communist party elected Man Mohan Adhikari as leader of
1792-518: The biggest enemy of Madhesh and Madheshi people many times in past. He had once said;"Oli’s patriotism, protest against India won’t benefit country." On 4 June 2021, he surprisingly joined Oli cabinet, 2018 . Birth and Citizenship Mahato was rumoured to be one of eight politicians whose citizenship were annulled in August 2019 when the cabinet decided to cancel the citizenship of individuals who acquired Nepali citizenship through forged documents. Although
1856-480: The centre and six of the seven provinces . The CPN (UML) led governments in Province 1 , Province 3 , Province 4 and Province 5 . In accordance with the agreement Sher Dhan Rai , Dormani Paudel , Prithivi Subba Gurung and Shankar Pokharel were appointed as chief ministers of their respective provinces. In the 6 February 2018 National Assembly election, the CPN (UML) won 27 of 56 contested seats and became
1920-624: The comments. This statement was also criticized by 12 different wings of CPN-UML. Due to high pressure and criticism, Mahato had no other alternative than taking his statement back. Due to this, took his statement back on mid-night of 5 May 2021. As of 2013, Mr. Mahato has given candidacy in 5 election from 1991 to 2013 where he lost in 3 while won in only one from Sarlahi-2 and Sarlahi-4 each of 3 elections and 2 respectively. In 2017, he filled his candidacy from Dhanusha-3 due to dispute between him and Mahendra Raya Yadav for Sarlahi 2 as both were in same party while Yadav remained much powerful in
1984-645: The constituency of Mahato. Hence, he came to Dhanusha-3 , a prominent constituency of Nidhi where majority voters are Yadav-Sudi. Due to this factor and alliance between RJP - FSF where UML supported externally as none among RJP - FSF alliance and UML led Left-Alliance could win single-handedly, as a result he won here with joint votes of duo alliance. 2013 Constituent Assembly Election 1994 Nepalese legislative election Girija Prasad Koirala Congress Man Mohan Adhikari CPN (UML) General elections were held in Nepal on 15 November 1994 to elect
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2048-482: The controversial sacking of Army Chief of Staff Rookmangud Katawal , CPN (UML) withdrew its support from the Maoist government. In November 2009, Madhav Kumar Nepal , who was nominated to the Constituent Assembly , became prime minister with the support of Nepali Congress and Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal . His government lasted for seven months before he resigned following a political deadlock amid failure to draft
2112-655: The country. Following the 2006 revolution on 24 April, King Gyanendra restored the House of Representatives and an all-party government was formed under the leadership of Girija Prasad Koirala . Later that year on 21 November, the Comprehensive Peace Accord was signed between the Maoists and the Seven Party Alliance which ended the Civil War . In the 2008 election , the party won 108 out of 575 seats to
2176-504: The dissolved lower house formed the Seven Party Alliance to end the king's direct rule, reinstate the dissolved House of Representatives and form an all-party government. The alliance also opened talks with the CPN (Maoist) to end their armed insurgency and join mainstream politics. On 22 November 2002, the alliance signed a 12-point agreement with the Maoists to end the insurgency, abolish the monarchy and restore democratic rule to
2240-419: The election under the party's electoral symbol. At the 2022 general election the party won 79 seats and became the second largest parliamentary party. The party also emerged as the largest party in provincial assemblies in Province 1 , Madhesh and Lumbini at the 2022 provincial elections . The party backed CPN (Maoist Centre) chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal 's bid to become prime minister and joined
2304-470: The first CPN (UML) government. Man Mohan Adhikari became prime minister and formed a minority government with the support of Rastriya Prajatantra Party and Nepal Sadbhwana Party which lasted for nine months. Adhikari recommended dissolving the House of Representatives , and called for new elections after losing the support of his coalition partners, but the move was dismissed by the Supreme Court after
2368-465: The first child of Khobhari Mahato but it remains disputed and a large mass of people believe him to have born in Bihar, India. This claimed by CPN-UML youth wing's present vice-president, Sanjeev Jha. Burning a copy of newly promulgated constitution of Nepal After the promulgation of Constitution of Nepal, a long strike was brought in light by the then Madheshi morcha mainly in terai of Nepal. Mahato burned
2432-413: The governing Nepali Congress and the main opposition party, the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) . The Nepali Congress called on voters to stick with their party and not to entrust power to a Communist party they accused of being irresponsible. The Communist party called for land reform to break up large landholdings and give land to landless Nepalese peasants. Other pledges made by
2496-421: The government has published the name of the individuals, their full details are yet undisclosed. This came into light after few youth of UML's youth organization pleaded for cancelling the citizenship of Mahato and re-verify it. For the same purpose a group of youth including Sanjeev Jha submitted an application to the then incumbent Home minister shakti Bahadur Basnet during First oli premiership . On 21 June 2021,
2560-414: The government losing the vote. As a result, Koirala offered his resignation as Prime Minister and King Birenda dissolved parliament with new elections called for 13 November. Koirala stayed on as caretaker Prime Minister until the election. The election saw 1,500 candidates spread over 24 parties competing for the 205 seats in the House of Representatives. The leading two parties in the election were
2624-399: The government of being corrupt. Divisions had also arisen within the Nepali Congress after Prime Minister Koirala was accused of helping to ensure that the president of the Nepali Congress, Krishna Prasad Bhattarai , was defeated in a by-election in February 1994. These divisions led to 36 Nepali Congress members of parliament abstaining from a parliamentary vote in July 1994 leading to
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2688-506: The king and Surya Bahdur Thapa was appointed instead. After Thapa's resignation in May 2004, Deuba was reappointed as the prime minister. CPN (UML) also joined the cabinet with Bharat Mohan Adhikari serving as deputy prime minister. On 1 February 2005, King Gyanendra declared a national emergency, placed all leading politicians under house arrest and assumed chairmanship of a 10-member council of ministers. CPN (UML) along with other parties in
2752-484: The largest party in both houses. Party chairman Oli was elected the party's parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives and was appointed prime minister on February 15. Bidya Devi Bhandari was re-elected president on March 13. After eight months of planning, the Unification Coordination Committee met to finalize plans for the merger of Nepal's biggest left-wing parties. On 17 May 2018,
2816-638: The name Sadbhavana Party . Mahato has never had a stable political party. He joined Rastriya Janata Party. Later he joined Janata Samajbadi Party. In few months, he broke the party to join Loktantrik Samajbadi Party . In April 2008, he won the Sarlahi -4 seat in the Constituent Assembly election . Mahato lost his seat in the 2013 constituent assembly elections to Mahendra Rai Yadav of the Terai Madesh Sadhbhawana Party Nepal. The party nominated his wife Sahil Devi Mahato to
2880-469: The new constitution. Following seven months of political stalemate party chairman Jhalanath Khanal was elected as prime minister in February 2011 with support from the UCPN (Maoist) . He resigned six months later in August after failing to reach consensus on drafting the new constitution and completing the peace process following which the party supported the new UCPN (Maoist) government. In November 2012 ahead of
2944-704: The next prime minister. The Supreme Court reinstated the House of Representatives on 12 July 2021 and Oli resigned from his post the next day. Twenty-two members of the CPN (UML) voted for Deuba during his confidence vote defying the party whip. The party also lost its government in Gandaki and Lumbini with Gurung losing a no-confidence motion and Pokharel resigning. Province 1 chief minister, Sher Dhan Rai and Bagmati chief minister Dormani Paudel were replaced in August of that year after losing support within their parliamentary party. They were replaced by Bhim Acharya and Asta Laxmi Shakya respectively who were elected by
3008-582: The parliamentary party. On 25 August 2021, former prime ministers Madhav Kumar Nepal and Jhala Nath Khanal split from the party along with 55 members of the Central Committee, 25 members of the House of Representatives and seven members of the National Assembly and formed the CPN (Unified Socialist) . Other leaders also broke away from the party with Hridayesh Tripathi forming the People's Progressive Party and former vice-chairman Bamdev Gautam forming
3072-485: The party chairman and Madan Bhandari as the general secretary. Later in the year however, Bhandari along with Jibaraj Ashrit died in a vehicle accident in Chitwan and Madhav Kumar Nepal became general secretary. In November 1993, veteran communist leader Tulsi Lal Amatya 's group merged in the party. Following the 1994 election , the party became the largest parliamentary group winning 88 out of 205 seats and formed
3136-565: The party in parliament and he attempted to form a minority government. King Birendra asked both the Communists and the Nepali Congress party to explain to him why they should be allowed to form the government and then he would make a decision on who should be appointed Prime Minister. The Nepali Congress attempted to form a deal with smaller parties including the Rastriya Prajatantra Party in order to try to stay in power. However this
3200-434: The party included running water and electricity for all voters and for each village to have at least one television . While the party called for foreign investment to be somewhat restricted and for privatisations to be limited, they also stressed that they believed in a mixed economy and did not support nationalisation . They accused the Nepali Congress government of having been incompetent and corrupt and said that
3264-537: The party including 206 mayors and rural chairs. The party lost their mayoral seats in Kathmandu and Pokhara and failed to win the mayoral elections in any of the six metropolitan cities in the country. The party formed electoral pacts with People's Socialist Party , Rastriya Prajatantra Party and other minor parties to contest the 2022 general and provincial elections . Former deputy prime minister and Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal chair Kamal Thapa also contested
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#17328807620623328-490: The party on 15 February 2002. A group led by Chandra Prakash Mainali opposed the unification and opted to reconstitute the party . The party held its seventh general convention in February 2003 in Janakpur. Nepal was reelected as the general secretary and the post of party chair which had remained vacant after the death of Adhikari was abolished. The House of Representatives was dismissed by King Gyanendra on 22 May 2002 on
3392-480: The party was dissolved and a new party, the Nepal Communist Party was formed from the CPN (UML) and the CPN (Maoist Centre) . On 8 March 2021, the Supreme Court ruled that the name Nepal Communist Party belong to the minor party led by Rishiram Kattel and the merger of the two parties was voided. The Election Commission on 9 March 2021 formally split the party and the CPN (UML) was revived. Four members of
3456-599: The party's first chairman. In the 1991 election, the party won 69 out of 205 seats in the House of Representatives and was the second largest parliamentary group. Man Mohan Adhikari was elected as the parliamentary party leader and became the Leader of the Opposition. The fifth party congress was held in Kathmandu in January 1993 and People's Multiparty Democracy was adopted as the party line. The congress also elected Adhikari as
3520-418: The party. The provincial committee holds a provincial convention every four years and the rest of the committees hold a convention every three years except for neighborhood committees which hold a convention every two years. The convention elects the leadership and members of the committee which is the supreme decision-making body in between conventions. The party also has organisational committees for areas where
3584-404: The proposal of PM KP Sharma Oli of joining the government. Rajendra Mahato led a group of 8 ministers and 2 state ministers to government. However, a statement of him was highly criticized. Mahato included a line; “We remain committed to building an alternative power and will safeguard identity and rights of our people. As long as we are in power, we will pursue good governance. We will prepare for
3648-545: The request of prime minister Sher Bahadur Deuba . After the Deuba government failed to hold elections and to control the Maoist insurgency he was dismissed by the king in October with the king assuming executive powers to the protest of political parties including CPN (UML). In June 2003, general secretary Nepal was proposed as prime minister by the protesting parties but this was ignored by
3712-430: The second largest parliamentary group. The party was the major coalition partner in the current CPN (Maoist Centre) led coalition government until withdrawing its support on 27 February. There have been four prime ministers from the party while the party has led the government five times. CPN (UML) was the main opposition after the first election following the restoration of multi-party democracy . The party led
3776-409: The support of Nepali Congress on 15 July 2024. The guiding principle of the party is Marxism–Leninism and it supports a socialist economy but within the confines of a parliamentary system of governance. The party had adopted the line of People's Multiparty Democracy which was proposed by Madan Bhandari at the party's 5th National Convention in 1993. The party supports the establishment of
3840-414: The support of UCPN (Maoist) , Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal and other parties. After the Maoists withdrew their support, Oli resigned in July 2016 ahead of a no-confidence vote. In the 2017 local elections , 14,099 councilors, including 294 municipal mayors and rural chairs, were elected from the party to local governments. Candidates for the party were elected as mayors in major cities , including
3904-458: The two largest cities Kathmandu and Pokhara Lekhnath . The party announced an alliance with the CPN (Maoist Centre) before the 2017 legislative and provincial elections . The party won 121 seats, becoming the largest party in the House of Representatives , and became the largest party in six of Nepal's seven provinces. After the election, the party maintained its alliance with the CPN (Maoist Centre) and formed coalition governments in
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#17328807620623968-401: Was created to hold the 1999 election. The Nepali Congress formed a majority government following the 1999 election and the CPN (UML) became the main opposition winning 70 seats. Following party chairman Adhikari's death in 1999, general secretary Madhav Kumar Nepal became the leader of the party. CPN (Burma) merged into the party on 28 June 2001 and CPN (Marxist–Leninist) reunified with
4032-505: Was the successor to CPN (Pushpa Lal) which was founded by the founding general secretary of the Communist Party of Nepal, Pushpa Lal Shrestha . CPN (Marxist–Leninist) had its origins in the 1969 Jhapa rebellion . The conflict took its inspiration the Naxalite movement in India and began after land reform programs were introduced by King Mahendra in 1964. The two parties were constituents of
4096-640: Was unsuccessful and Adhikari became Prime Minister at the head of a minority Communist government . They therefore became the first elected communist government in a constitutional monarchy anywhere in the world and the first communist government in Asia to come into power democratically. Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist) The Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) ( Nepali : नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी) , romanized: nēpāl kamyuniṣṭ pārṭī (ēkīkṛt mārksavādī-lēninavādī) ; abbr. CPN (UML) )
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