127-574: The University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture (commonly or formerly known as Rashbehari Siksha Prangan & Taraknath Palit Siksha Prangan or Rajabazar Science College & Ballygunge Science College ) are two of five main campuses of the University of Calcutta (CU). The college served as the cradle of Indian sciences by winning the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 and many fellowships of
254-585: A vakil of the Calcutta High Court. He received a Doctor of Law degree ( LL.D. ) in 1897. Jurist, and author V. Sudhish Pai notes: "Mukherjee built a highly successful career with a combination of intellect and industry. He was appointed the Tagore Law Professor at Calcutta University in 1898 and authored the book, The Law of Perpetuities in British India, in 1902—still considered the polestar on
381-570: A "Manuscript Conservation Centre" under the National Mission for Manuscripts , which was established in 2003. The university has the highest number of students who have cleared the doctoral entrance eligibility exam, known as National Eligibility Test , in Natural Science and Arts to become eligible to pursue research with a full scholarship awarded by the Government of India. The university
508-791: A Fellow or Member of various learned bodies in Europe and the United States. He became a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society at the age of 21, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE) when he was 22. By 1888, Mukherjee was a lecturer in mathematics for the recently established Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS). Mukherjee continued publishing scholarly papers on mathematics and physics into his 30s. By 1893, aged 29, Mukherjee had been further elected to
635-620: A book depot, which was established in the 20th century. It publishes textbooks, treatises, journals and confidential papers for all the examinations conducted by the university. It also publishes the journal The Calcutta Review , which is one of the oldest Asian university journals. The Calcutta Review was established by Sir John Kaye in May 1844. It has been issued biannually since 1913. They also have an associated journal with Sage Publishing , Arthaniti: Journal of Economic Theory and Practice [ d ] . Internationally,
762-617: A career in law. He received a Bachelor of Law degree in 1888 and enrolled as a vakil of the Calcutta High Court. In 1897, he received an LL.D. and became the Tagore Professor of Law at the University of Calcutta. In 1904, he was appointed a puisne judge of the High Court, and subsequently served as its acting Chief Justice for a couple of years. In 1980, though only a first-year undergraduate, he published his first mathematical paper, on
889-547: A catchment area ranging from Kabul to Myanmar . It is accredited as an "A" grade university by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). The university has a total of fourteen campuses spread over the city of Kolkata and its suburbs. As of 2020, 151 colleges and 21 institutes and centres are affiliated with CU. The university was fourth in the Indian University Ranking 2021 list, released by
1016-772: A fifth two-year term in 1921–23. Initially, the university was only an affiliating and examining body. All the academic and teaching work was done in constituent colleges, which were the Presidency College , the Scottish Church College , the Sanskrit College and the Bengal Engineering College . During that period, the Council Room of the Calcutta Medical College and private residence of
1143-486: A funeral service which drew crowds of mourners. Mukherjee married Jogamaya Devi Bhattacharyya (1871–16 July 1958) in 1885. The couple had seven children, Kamala (born 1895), Rama Prasad (1896–1983), Syama Prasad (1901–1953), Uma Prasad (1902–1997), Amala (born 1905), Bama Prasad (born 1906) and Ramala (born 1908). His oldest son Rama Prasad became a judge in the High Court of Calcutta . Second son Syama Prasad Mookerjee
1270-561: A group of students headed by Mukherjee at Calcutta high court. In 1884, he won the Harishchandra Prize for academic achievements, and completed an M.A. with first-class honours in mathematics in 1885. In 1885, he married Jogamaya Devi Bhattacharyya. In 1886, he was awarded a second Masters in Natural Sciences, making him the first student to be awarded a dual degree from Calcutta University. Next, Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee pursued
1397-484: A key figure in the early Theosophical Society , is also an alumnus of Calcutta University. [REDACTED] Media related to University of Calcutta at Wikimedia Commons [REDACTED] Works related to Portal:University of Calcutta at Wikisource Asutosh Mookerjee Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee CSI FRAS FRSE MRIA (anglicised, originally Asutosh Mukhopadhyay , also anglicised to Asutosh Mookerjee ) (29 June 1864 – 25 May 1924)
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#17328809005881524-979: A larger building, the Centenary Building, which opened in 1968. The Darbhanga Building and the Asutosh Building are the two other buildings opened in 1921 and 1926, respectively. Rashbehari Siksha Prangan (also known as University College of Science and Technology or more commonly Rajabazar Science College), is located on Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road in Rajabazar. Established in 1914, it houses several scientific and technological departments, including pure and applied chemistry, pure and applied physics, applied optics and photonics, radio physics, applied mathematics, psychology, physiology, biophysics, molecular biology, and others. Taraknath Palit Siksha Prangan (also known as University College of Science or commonly Ballygunge Science College) on Ballygunge Circular Road in
1651-595: A new proof of the 25th proposition of Euclid's first book. His third mathematical paper (1886), "A Note on Elliptic Functions" was praised by the distinguished British mathematician and Arthur Cayley as a contribution of "outstanding merit." He determined several crucial derivations of Gaspare Mainardi 's answer to determining the oblique trajectory of a system of confocal ellipses. He also made lasting contributions in differential geometry , developing analytical methods of simplifying Gaspard Monge 's interpretation of his general differential equation for conics. He became
1778-578: A period of 10-years University of Calcutta/ Rajabazar Sc. College along with CRNN(Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology) has been granted funds by several government agencies under R&D Infrastructure Division of Ministry of Science and Technology like DST-PURSE (Promotion of University Research and Scientific Excellence) and FIST (Fund for Improvement of Science and Technology). University of Calcutta The University of Calcutta , informally known as Calcutta University ( CU ),
1905-818: A professor of nyaya who had been appointed by Warren Hastings to that chair at the Sanskrit College in Kolkata. Mukherjee's grandfather came to Jirat from another village named Digsui, situated also in the Hooghly District and settled down there. Father Ganga Prasad Mukherjee was born in Jirat on 16 December 1836. He came to Kolkata to study in Medical College with the help of the wealthy people of Jirat. Later he settled down in Bhawanipore area of Kolkata . He became
2032-509: A sixth term in 1923 when the university's chancellor, Governor of Bengal the Earl of Lytton , tried to impose conditions on his reappointment. Shortly thereafter, he also resigned his judgeship on the Calcutta High Court and resumed his private practice of law. While arguing a case in Patna the following year, Mukherjee died suddenly on 25 May 1924, at age 59. His body was returned to Kolkata and cremated at
2159-578: A well-known doctor and founded the South Sub Urban School in Calcutta. Ganga Prasad took particular care of his son's education. Brought up in an atmosphere of science and literature at home, young Ashutosh went to the Sisu Vidayalaya at Chakraberia, Bhowanipore and showed an early aptitude for mathematics. When he was young, he met Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar who was a major influence on him. He
2286-717: A year or a few years' duration. Research is conducted in specialized institutes as well as individual departments, many of which have doctoral programs. The University of Calcutta has the largest research center, which started from the 100th Science Congress of India in January 2013. This is the Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CRNN) on the Technology Campus of CU at Salt Lake, West Bengal. The university has 18 research centers, 710 teachers, 3000 non-teaching staff and 11,000 postgraduate students. The central library at
2413-484: Is a public state university located in Kolkata , West Bengal , India . It has 151 affiliated undergraduate colleges and 16 institutes in Kolkata and nearby areas. It was established on 24 January 1857 and is the oldest multidisciplinary university of Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asian Region. Today, the university's jurisdiction is limited to a few districts of West Bengal, but at the time of its establishment it had
2540-723: Is a member of the United Nations Academic Impact initiative. The university has a ground and tent in Maidan, where various sports are played. Inter-college tournaments in sports like football , archery , basketball , and hockey are also organised. The university rowing club started in the year 1983 at Rabindra Sarobar . The Calcutta University Students' Union organises social and cultural activities occasionally, which include blood donation camps, environmental awareness programmes, relief fund collection, teachers day celebrations, and Saraswati puja , among others. Most of
2667-612: Is also responsible for introducing degrees like M.Sc. and D.Sc. for first time in India. The Faculty of Engineering and Technology arm of Science college is the second oldest in West Bengal after IIEST Shibpur (Formerly B.E. College affiliated to Calcutta University). The departments are as follows: From 2015 onwards, the department of CSE (Computer Science and Engineering), A.K. Chowdhury School of IT (Information Technology) and OOE (Optics and Opto Electronics Engineering) has been shifted to
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#17328809005882794-530: Is done. Located on College Street, it is spread over an area of 2.7 acres (1.1 ha). It houses the Arts and Language department, administrative offices, museum, the central library, an auditorium etc. Exhibits like folk art of Bengal are present in the Asutosh Museum of Indian Art. Senate House was the first university building situated on this campus; it opened in 1872. In 1960, it was demolished to make way for
2921-489: Is known as The Raman Effect . He announced his discovery on 28 February 1928 and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, the day widely celebrated as the National Science Day in India. Sir Jnan Chandra Ghosh became the first director of the newly created IIT in 1951 ( Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur ). Sir J.C. Ghosh also was the second person to be associated with Sc. College (after Sir CV Raman) who became
3048-476: Is the humanities campus of the university. The departments of history, ancient Indian history and culture, Islamic history and culture, South and Southeast Asian studies, archaeology, political science, business management and museology are situated on this campus. The Technology Campus, also known as the Tech Camps, is the newest on the university. It brings together the three engineering and technical departments:
3175-608: The Asutosh Siksha Prangan was started around the 1870s. Apart from 39 departmental libraries, it has a central library, two campus libraries, and two libraries at the advanced centers spread across the seven campuses. Students at affiliated colleges can also access the central library. The university library has over one million books and more than 200,000 bound journals, proceedings, manuscripts, patents and other valuable collections. The university has its own publishing house called University Press and Publications along with
3302-504: The Calcutta Medical College , was affiliated with the university in 1857. The first college for women in India, Bethune College , is also affiliated with the university. From 1836 to 1890, Government Science College, Jabalpur , the first Indian science college, was affiliated with the University of Calcutta. The first university library began functioning in the 1870s. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and Joddu Nath Bose became
3429-694: The Central India Agency , Rajputana Agency , United Provinces of Agra and Oudh etc. went to the hands of University of Allahabad; Northern and North-Western provinces and states went under the University of Punjab. Jurisdiction of schools and colleges in Eastern India was retained by Calcutta University. By 1907, two colleges in Punjab, three in the Central Province, five in the State of Rajputana Agency, six in
3556-644: The East India Company sent a dispatch, known as Wood's despatch , to the Governor General of India in Council, to establish universities in Calcutta , Madras and Bombay . The Calcutta University Act came into force on 24 January 1857, and a 41-member Senate was formed as the policy-making body of the university. The land for the establishment of the university was given by Maharaja Maheshwar Singh Bahadur, who
3683-660: The National Institutional Ranking Framework of the Ministry of Education . Its alumni and faculty include several heads of state and government , social reformers, prominent artists, the only Indian Dirac Medal winner, many Fellows of the Royal Society and six Nobel laureates as of 2019. The Nobel laureates associated with this university are Ronald Ross , Rabindranath Tagore , C. V. Raman , Amartya Sen , and Abhijit Banerjee . The university has
3810-555: The Royal Society London . Despite the fact that the Presidency College at Calcutta witnessed great scientific research by Jagadish Chandra Bose and Prafulla Chandra Ray in the last decade of the 19th and the first decade of the 20th century, first organised scientific research at Calcutta University began with the establishment of its University College of Science and Technology in March 1914. A galaxy of Indian scientists joined
3937-618: The Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta (1906–1914 and 1921–23), Mukherjee transformed an examination conducting, degree granting body into one of Asia's top research universities. He started new departments for post graduate study in various disciplines, raised funds to create new chaired professorships and build facilities, hired outstanding professors in diverse fields of study (including Asia's first Nobel Prize winning scientist Sir C.V. Raman ), and supported graduated students in their efforts to pursue advanced research. Mukherjee
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4064-843: The chief justices of the Supreme Court of India associated with the University are Bijan Kumar Mukherjea , Sudhi Ranjan Das , Amal Kumar Sarkar , Ajit Nath Ray , Sabyasachi Mukharji and Altamas Kabir . Others have also served as judges in the Supreme Court, and as chief justices and judges in state high courts. Heads of state from other countries associated with the university include four presidents of Bangladesh ( Sheikh Mujibur Rahman , Mohammad Mohammadullah , Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem , and Abdus Sattar ) two prime ministers of Bangladesh ( Muhammad Mansur Ali and Shah Azizur Rahman ), three prime ministers of Pakistan ( Mohammad Ali Bogra , Hussein Shaheed Suhrawardy , and Nurul Amin ),
4191-416: The 1907 convocation address: "From now on the University is not just an institution issuing certificates, nor is it even a conglomeration of colleges.... This will be a centre of learning and the expansion of the frontiers of knowledge. This is precisely the true ideal of the university." He started departments for postgraduate study in various disciplines. He set up several new academic graduate programs at
4318-664: The Anti-Partition movement(1905). In June and October 1912, he donated total assets of fourteen and a half lakh rupees which included his own dwelling house. His donations were made over to the university for the advancement of Science and Technology and were used to maintain the income of endowment of Physics and Chemistry Chair and also to institute scholarships to distinguished graduates of Calcutta University for higher studies. The university had to provide "from its own funds" suitable lecture rooms, libraries, museums, laboratories, workshops and other facilities for teaching and research. As
4445-539: The BA examination at Calcutta University to complete a postgraduate degree in mathematics. He was awarded the prestigious Premchand Roychand Fellowship in Mathematics and Physics, Pure and Applied. In 1883 Surendranath Banerjee wrote an article in the newspaper Bengalee against the orders of the Calcutta High Court and he was arrested in contempt of court. Protests and hartals erupted across Bengal and other cities, led by
4572-698: The British Raj to encourage the Indian scientists in their works presumably under the idea that Indian brains were not suitable for scientific research despite great promise shown by Jagadish Chandra Bose and Prafulla Chandra Ray at the Presidency College years before the foundation of the University College of Science and Technology. Of the total expenditure of rupees 1,813,959 of the University College of Science and Technology between March 1914 and March 1922,
4699-1098: The Calcutta University: comparative literature , anthropology , applied psychology , industrial chemistry , ancient Indian history and culture as well as Islamic culture . He also made arrangements for postgraduate teaching and research in Bengali , Hindi , Pali and Sanskrit . He raised funds to create new chairs and build facilities. Vice chancellors of other Indian universities followed many of his moves. Scholars from all over India, irrespective of race , caste , and gender , came to study and teach there. He even persuaded European scholars to teach at his university. His hired included Asia's first Nobel Prize winning scientist C.V. Raman , chemist P. C. Ray , Indologist George Thibaut , linguist Harinath De , mathematician Ganesh Prasad , orientalist D.R. Bhandarkar , philosopher S. Radhakrishnan , scholar of Buddhism Nalinaksha Dutt , among others. He supported graduated students in their efforts to pursue advanced research. Graduates of
4826-685: The Chairs set up with the income of the endowments of nearly thirty seven and half lakhs rupees donated by Sir Taraknath Palit and Sir Rashbehari Ghosh who were associated with the National Education Movement in Bengal since the Indian Universities Act of 1904-5 and the partition of Bengal in 1905. The first group of faculties included Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray , Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman , Ganesh Prasad , Sisir Kumar Mitra and
4953-503: The Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the A.K.C. School of Information Technology and the Department of Applied Optics and Photonics, in Sector 3, JD Block, Salt Lake . The university is governed by a board of administrative officers, which includes the vice-chancellor, pro-vice-chancellor for academic affairs, pro-vice-chancellor for business affairs and finance, the registrar,
5080-640: The Europeans. He said, "To give this money to this place is to give money to the cause which will embarrass ourselves. The money will go to political ends rather than to truly educational ends." In August 1913, Sir Rashbehari Ghosh , an eminent jurist and scholar, in a letter to Asutosh Mookerjee placed in the hands of the university "a sum of ten lakh rupees" as per the conditions of his gift, there were to be established four chairs - one each for Applied Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Botany, with special reference to Agriculture, and eight studentships to be awarded to
5207-635: The French Tiger. Ashutosh had no peer in the whole of Europe. In 1910, he was appointed the president of the Imperial (now National) Library Council to which he donated his personal collection of 80,000 books which are arranged in a separate section. He was the president of the inaugural session of the Indian Science Congress in 1914. Mukherjee was a member of the 1917–1919 Sadler Commission , presided over by Michael Ernest Sadler , which inquired into
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5334-686: The Goenka Hospital Diagnostic Research Centre for the University College of Medicine was opened as the university health service. Until 1960, Senate House was one of the city's most prominent landmarks. In 1968, the Centenary Building opened on the former location of the Senate House. Currently, it houses the Central Library, the Asutosh Museum of Indian Art , the centenary auditorium and a number of university offices. By
5461-421: The Government of India's contributions from public funds was a meagre rupees 1,20,000 only. Yet in spite of these financial constraints and difficulties none of the scientists left for better position in imperial organisations. Instead classic example was provided by Prafulla Chandra Ray who when re-appointed Palit Professor for five years after reaching the age of superannuation donated his full monthly salary for
5588-894: The Hazra Road Campus, the University Press and Book Depot, the B. T. Road Campus, the Viharilal College of Home Science Campus, the University Health Service, the Haringhata Campus, the Dhakuria Lakes (University Rowing Club) and the University Ground and Tent at Maidan. Asutosh Siksha Prangan (commonly called the College Street Campus) is the university's main campus where the administrative work
5715-499: The Indian Council of Agricultural Research) in 1926. Although it was shut down in 1941 due to World War II . Then, in 1954, a postgraduate department in agriculture was started in Ballygunge Science College by the university, with agricultural botany as the only subject; two years later, a Veterinary Science Institute was included and the department was upgraded into a faculty called agriculture and veterinary science. In 2002 university decided to reopen undergraduate agriculture courses in
5842-455: The Institute of Agricultural Science was established under the University of Calcutta. It was founded by Pabitra Kumar Sen , who was the Khaira Professor of Agriculture (another endowment chair) in the early 1950s. Initial efforts began as early as 1913, but the first institute was set up only in 1939 at Barrackpore (a city near Kolkata) by the university, following the establishment of the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research (now known as
5969-425: The NAAC awarded its highest grade of 'A' to the University of Calcutta in the second and third cycle of the university's accreditation. In 2019, the university's central library and 40 departmental libraries were opened to the public. They have over one million books and more than 200,000 journals, proceedings and manuscripts. The seal has changed multiple times over the years. The first seal dates back to 1857. It
6096-417: The Queen's Proclamation of 1858 after the Mutiny to allay fear, suspicion and distrust. In those days agriculture, manufacturing and commerce offered little to no incentives and was almost impossible to initiate without proper skills, capital and equality of terms with which it could compete with the European industry. Such discontentment among the educated unemployed gave rise to militant nationalism threatening
6223-461: The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh and seven in Ceylon were disaffiliated. A series of disaffiliations continued till 1948. Schools and colleges in Orissa and Bihar province went under University of Patna after its establishment in 1917. University of Rangoon was established in 1920 and the Burma region went under it in 1921. In the same year, University of Dacca was established and some colleges in East Bengal went under it and whole control
6350-420: The University College of Science ( Rajabazar Science College ) and the University College of Law . He also founded Asutosh College in South Kolkata in 1916. He laid the foundry stone of Jagadbandhu Institution in 1914 and Santragachi Kedarnath Institution in 1925. The French scholar Sylvain Lévi commented : Had this Bengal Tiger been born in France, he would have exceeded even Georges Clemenceau ,
6477-415: The University of Calcutta was ranked 801–1000 in the QS World University Rankings of 2023 and 181 in Asia. It was ranked 1001–1200 in the world by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings of 2023, 401–500 in Asia in 2022 and in the same band among emerging economies. It was ranked 901–1000 in the Academic Ranking of World Universities of 2022. In India, the University of Calcutta
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#17328809005886604-537: The University of London and set up as affiliating universities that merely conducted examinations and granted degrees to students who were taught in affiliated colleges. Two other universities set up in 19th century British India, the universities of Punjab and Allahabad, operated in a similar way. Viceroy of India Lord Curzon's education mission in 1902 identified the universities including the Calcutta University, as centres of sedition where young people formed networks of resistance to colonial domination. The cause of this
6731-401: The affiliated undergraduate colleges located in the city have their own student hostels. The university has 17 hostels, of which eight (two for undergraduates and six for postgraduates) are for women. A total of 13 hostels are for paying guest students located across the city. In 1938, the then Vice-Chancellor Syama Prasad Mookerjee asked Rabindranath Tagore to compose a " university song " for
6858-411: The age of 22, and was a Fellow or Member of various learned bodies in Europe and the United States. Mukherjee passed his law examination and built a successful law practice. He received an LL.D. and gave lectures on law at the university. He became a judge of the Calcutta High Court, and acted as a Chief Justice for couple of years. He established the University College of Law at the university. As
6985-454: The age of 25, he was a member of its Syndicate, serving on the University Senate and Syndicate for the next 16 years. He served as President of the Board of Studies in Mathematics for 11 years, and represented his university in the Bengal Legislative Council from 1899 to 1903. But the real opportunity came in 1906. Mukherjee served as the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta from 1906 to 1914 and again from 1921 to 1923. He declared in
7112-556: The agricultural experiment farm campus at Baruipur , a city south of Calcutta. In the same year, the department was restructured as a separate Institute of Agricultural Science. The Faculty of Arts consists of 23 departments; commerce consists of three departments; education, journalism and library science consist of three departments; engineering and technology consist of eight departments; science has 22 departments and home science offers courses on subjects such as food and nutrition, human development, and home science. The Faculty of Law
7239-651: The annex at Technology Campus in Salt Lake, (Address : JD-2, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata-700106). Degrees being offered are: The University College of Science and Technology has 172 principal investigators and around 1,500 research students. On average, 250 PhDs are awarded every year and around 750 research papers were published in 2011. Fifteen national and international patents have been filed so far by science and technology departments of chemical engineering, polymer science, radio-physics and electronics, applied physics, physiology, biotechnology and biochemistry. The proportion of teaching activity and research at
7366-582: The award of Doctor of Science (D.Sc.) degree which is to be given to a M.Sc. after some years spent in original investigations. When Sir Asutosh Mookerjee became the Vice Chancellor of Calcutta University in 1906, he used the Indian University Act of 1904-5 and converted the university from an examination body to a teaching university which will not only start post graduate degrees in humanities, English, Sanskrit, Pali, Arabic, Persian, Mental & Moral Philosophy, History, Economics and Mathematics but also establish chairs in some of them with financial support from
7493-534: The centenary of Calcutta University, the building was demolished to make space for a more utilitarian building. In 1957, the university's centenary year, it received a grant of ₹ 1 crore (equivalent to ₹ 100 crore or US$ 12 million in 2023) from the University Grants Commission, which aided with the construction of the Centenary Building on the College Street campus and the Law College Building on Hazra Road campus. The Economics Department got its own building in 1958 near Barrackpore Trunk Road . In 1965,
7620-415: The creation of new courses in science became important. The commission for the first time suggested the creation of the Faculty of Science and Technology in addition to the faculties of Arts, Law, Medicine and Civil Engineering previously offered by Calcutta University. Thus Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) and Master of Science (M.Sc.) courses were introduced for first time in India. The commission also recommended
7747-419: The director of IISc ( Indian Institute of Science ). Prof. A.P.C Ray founded the Bengal Chemicals and Pharmaceutical Work and he along with prof. Hemendra Kumar Sen established the department of Applied Chemistry in Sc. College in 1920. Prof. S.K. Mitra , the pioneer of Radio Science in India founded the department of Radio Physics and Electronics which Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy (then chief minister of Bengal) laid
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#17328809005887874-445: The distinguished graduates of this university "to carry on investigation" under the guidance of a professor. Both Palit and Ghosh wanted promotion and diffusion of scientific and technical education among their countrymen by indigenous agency and with the money now available through their endowments, Mookerjee could now launch his projected dream. Thus four days before the expiry of the fourth term of his Vice-Chancellorship, Mookerjee laid
8001-409: The eastern horizon of jurisprudence. He was appointed a judge of the Calcutta High Court in June 1904. His appointment and tenure on the Bench significantly expanded judicial discourse. He brought to bear on his work inexhaustible energy, great erudition and the integrity of scholarship. His learning was vast and his exposition of law complete. Former Chief Justice Mohammad Hidayatullah placed him amongst
8128-445: The entire period for the special benefit of his department which was "proud to acknowledge him as its leader". During this difficult time, there had been "a steady output of original work rapidly increasing in volume and improving in quality which emanated not from one or two extraordinarily isolated or exceptionally gifted workers blessed with special advantages and facilities, but from a large body of able and devoted scholars". No doubt,
8255-441: The epithet 'Vikramaditya' is also ascribed to Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee. Ashutosh Mukherjee was born on 29 June 1864 at Bowbazar , Calcutta (today's Kolkata) in a Hindu Brahmin family. His mother was Jagattarini Devi and father Dr. Ganga Prasad Mukhopadhyaya. His ancestral town was Jirat in Hooghly District , West Bengal . Among his ancestors were several distinguished Sanskrit scholars, including Pandit Ramchandra Tarkalankar,
8382-464: The existence of very British Raj in India. Higher education in India was singled out as the root for all evils. So to curb this growing distress, Lord Curzon (then Viceroy of India) passed the Indian University Act in 1904 based on the recommendation of the Indian University Commission in 1902. While the various recommendations of the Commission to enable the Raj to control higher education in India were not strictly relevant here, some at least relating to
8509-408: The fellowships of the Physical Society of France and the Mathematical Society of Palermo, and was a member of the Royal Irish Academy . He subsequently became a member of the London Mathematical Society , the Paris Mathematical Society and the American Mathematical Society (1900). Although after 1893 he largely abandoned his mathematical pursuits for a legal career, Mukherjee has been recognised as
8636-424: The first graduates of the university in 1858, and Kadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi Basu were the first Indian female graduates in 1882. The first chancellor and vice-chancellor of the Calcutta University were Governor General Lord Canning and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Sir William Colvile , respectively. Ashutosh Mukherjee was the vice-chancellor for four consecutive two-year terms (1906–1914) and
8763-412: The first modern Indian mathematician to enter the field of mathematical research. He also the Calcutta Mathematical Society (1908) and served as its president (1908 – 1923). At the age of 24, Mukherjee became a Fellow of the Calcutta University. Turning down a job offer in the Department of Public Instruction in order to complete his Bachelor of Law degree, he received his degree in 1888 and enrolled as
8890-454: The first premier of Burma under British rule, Ba Maw , the first president of Nepal , Ram Baran Yadav , and the first democratically elected prime minister of Nepal , Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala , as well as his successor Tulsi Giri . One of the prominent indigenous leaders from the Tripuri Community , Birendra Kishore Roaza , also graduated from the University. Notably, Gyanendra Nath Chakravarti , an influential Indian Theosophist and
9017-482: The first to produce three generations of justices in an Indian high court. Mukherjee was a polyglot learned in Pali , French and Russian . Apart from his fellowships and memberships in several international academic bodies, he was recognised by an award of the title of Saraswati in 1910 from pandits in Nabadwip , followed by that of Shastravachaspati in 1912 from the Dhaka Saraswat Samaj, Sambudhagama Chakravarty in 1914 and Bharat Martanda in 1920. Mukherjee
9144-531: The formal establishment of the University College of Science and Technology in March 1914. The establishment of Chairs in chemistry, physics, mathematics, zoology and Botany was the start of outstanding research and teaching by dedicated Indian scientists. Sir Asutosh Mookerjee who became the first president of the first session of the Indian Science Congress at Calcutta, where nearly a hundred scientists met on 26 January 1914, took great care to identify
9271-508: The founding stone of the University College of Science and Technology on 27 March 1914 hoping fervently that "although the College of Science and Technology is an integral part of the University of Calcutta, it will be regarded not as a provincial but as an all-India college of Science and Technology to which students will flock from every corner of the Indian Empire, attracted by the excellence of
9398-533: The founding stone of, on 21 April 1949. Notable scholars associated with Science college include one Nobel Laureate in Physics, two National Award winning "Film Directors", at least twenty-five Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Laureates , six Royal Society of London Fellows and several British Knighthood title holders and Padma Awardees. Science college campus houses few of country's oldest applied science departments like applied physics, applied chemistry and Institute of Radio-Physics and Electronics. The college
9525-424: The frontiers of knowledge, the work by the Indian scientists at the University College of Science and Technology not only helped in increasing the wealth of the country but also succeeded in drawing attention of the scientific world. The dedication and devotion with which the Indian scientists at the University College of Science and Technology began their work to explain the many unknown phenomena can only remind us of
9652-399: The funds provided by the university was not fully adequate, Mookerjee approached the Government of India for financial support, which was rejected by Henry Sharp who was the joint secretary in department of education. The opposition of Sharp mainly emanated from his dislike of Calcutta University which he considered will become a non-political body with strong prejudice against the white men and
9779-456: The government by 1912. But for seven years, Mookerjee struggled hard to establish postgraduate teaching and research in Science and Technology despite his best intentions. The paucity of funds and accommodations were deplorable which meant that even if there were men, there was no accommodation laboratories, workshops, museums, equipment, etc. In Presidency College a small room measuring 35'6" by 25'6"
9906-450: The helm in several Indian research organisations. The Technology Faculty of this university is supported by TEQIP Phase 3 project of MHRD and has been working as the mentoring institute for Indira Gandhi Institute of Technology, Sarang , Odisha and Jorhat Engineering College , Assam. The university also received fund of INR 5 Crore from Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) for Infrastructure development. After successful completion
10033-710: The highest number of students who have cleared the National Eligibility Test . The University of Calcutta is a member of the United Nations Academic Impact . Fredrick John, the education secretary to the British Government in India, first tendered a proposal to them in London for the establishment of a university in Calcutta, along the lines of London University . In July 1854, the Court of Directors of
10160-595: The instruction imparted and of the facilities provided for research." The influence of the teachings of Raja Rammohan Roy on the importance of education broadly based on science and technology impressed a group of newly graduated scientists S.N. Bose , Jnan Chandra Ghosh , M.N. Saha , N.R. Sen , P.C. Mahalanobis , S.K. Mitra and Jnanendranath Mukherjee . Sir Asutosh Mukherjee believed in young talents, selected promising young men and appointed them straightaway as lecturers in post graduate classes of newly formed Sc. College and provided them research facilities also. He
10287-470: The latter was adopted as the new university song. The university has produced many scientists, engineers, world leaders, Nobel laureates and teachers. As the oldest university of Bengal and India, it attracts students from diverse walks of life. Nobel laureates who either studied or worked there include Rabindranath Tagore , Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman , Ronald Ross , Amartya Sen and Abhijit Banerjee . The Academy Award winning director Satyajit Ray
10414-794: The leading founders of Pakistan, studied dentistry at the university. A nationalist leader and former president of the Indian National Congress , co-founder of the Indian National Army , and head of state of the Provisional Government of Free India , Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose also spent some time at the university. Other presidents of the Indian National Congress include Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee , Surendranath Banerjee , Anandamohan Bose , Romesh Chunder Dutt , Bhupendra Nath Bose and Madan Mohan Malaviya . Malaviya
10541-445: The legendary 1915 M.Sc. batch comprising Satyendranath Bose , Meghnad Saha , Jnan Chandra Ghosh , Jnanendra Nath Mukherjee among others. The holders of the Chairs often worked under great financial constraints and with whatever apparatus was locally available in Calcutta. Yet their scientific research was soon to put Calcutta University on the map of world recognition. The science that developed at Calcutta University in colonial India
10668-463: The map of world recognition. A galaxy of Indian scientists joined the departments set up with the income of endowments donated by Palit and Ghosh and began their work in science with whatever apparatus available in India and soon made their mark in their chosen fields. Palit Chairs in Physics and Chemistry and Ghosh Chairs in Applied Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Botany were soon filled up after
10795-470: The mid-1970s, it had become one of the largest universities in the world. It had 13 colleges under its direct control and more than 150 affiliated colleges, along with 16 postgraduate faculties. In the year 2001, the University of Calcutta was awarded the 'Five-Star' status in the first cycle of the university's accreditation by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). In 2009 and 2017,
10922-611: The number of places available. For some departments, entrance exams may take place at the sole discretion of the head of the department. Anyone can apply within five years of passing the Higher Secondary Examination . For engineering courses, admission is based on the West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination (WBJEE) rankings. Meanwhile, for postgraduate courses and doctoral degree courses, one has to take an entrance exam or written test given by
11049-571: The number of students and candidates. After almost sixty years, a second building, known as the Darbhanga Building, was erected in 1912 with a donation of ₹ 2.5 lakh (equivalent to ₹ 7.7 crore or US$ 930,000 in 2023) from Maharaja Maheshwar Singh Bahadur. The Darbhanga Building housed the University Law College , its library and some university offices and afforded space to hold university examinations on its top floor. In
11176-419: The paucity of funds needed for the development of such an institute at the post-graduation level. Till the end of 19th century Calcutta University remained mainly an examination body fed by a number of affiliated colleges which actually did teaching and which were dispersed from Shimla and Mussorie to Indore and Jaipur , and from Jaffna and Batticaloa to Sylhet and Chittagong . In these colleges there
11303-450: The right talent for the right post from different parts of India in science as in humanities and was able to attribute to the "University College of Science and Technology" as a true national character. No nation could live solely upon the achievements of its past or upon its borrowing from others, and at the same time hoped to retain its place among the great people of the Earth. Besides advancing
11430-777: The same through the seal's transitions. The university has a total of 14 campuses spread over the city of Kolkata and its suburbs. They are referred to as Sikhsa Prangan , which means education premises. Major campuses include the Central Campus (Ashutosh Shiksha Prangan) on College Street, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture (Rashbehari Shiksha Prangan or Rajabazar Science College or Science College) in Rajabazar , Taraknath Palit Shiksha Prangan in Ballygunge and Sahid Khudiram Siksha Prangan in Alipore . Other campuses include
11557-469: The same year, the Government of British India granted a sum of ₹ 8 lakh (equivalent to ₹ 25 crore or US$ 3.0 million in 2023) for the acquisition of a market, Madhab Babu's Bazar, situated adjacent to the Senate House, and construction of a new building for the teaching departments began. It opened in 1926, and was later named the Asutosh Building, after Asutosh Mukherjee, vice-chancellor of
11684-403: The scientists at the University College of Science and Technology sowed the seeds of many a promising project which were to bear fruits in the post-independence years. The University College of Science and Technology was indeed an oasis of scientific research in India since 1914. Sir C.V. Raman , A Palit Professor of Sc. College made this revolutionary discovery on the "Scattering of Light" which
11811-486: The site and ₹ 170,561 (equivalent to ₹ 78 million or US$ 940,000 in 2023) was sanctioned to construct the new building on College Street . It opened in 1873 and was called Senate House. It had meeting halls for the Senate, a chamber for the vice-chancellor, the office of the registrar, examination rooms and lecture halls. In 1904, postgraduate teaching and research began at the university, which led to an increase in
11938-741: The six most eminent judges India has produced." [1] When Mukherjee became a judge at the age of forty, "his senior colleague Justice Rampini told Asutosh that his enthusiasm would perhaps abate with advancing years. Asutosh had said in reply that he would not be justified in continuing as a Judge should his enthusiasm for doing justice diminish or his capacity for work decline." Mukherjee served as Calcutta High Court's acting Chief Justice on couple of occasions. He stepped down in 1924 after twenty years of service and restarted his law practice. The first modern universities in Asia were established in 1857 in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras. However, they were modeled after
12065-486: The southern part of the city, houses the departments of agriculture, anthropology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, geography, genetics, statistics, zoology, neuroscience, marine science, biotechnology, and most notably geology, among others. It also houses S. N. Pradhan Centre For Neurosciences and the Institute of Agricultural Science. Sahid Khudiram Siksha Prangan, commonly known as Alipore Campus, located at Alipore,
12192-533: The state of Indian education. He was thrice elected as the president of The Asiatic Society . Having served as a fellow and subsequently as a vice-president of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science since the 1890s, in 1922 he was elected President of the IACS and held the office until his death. After serving five terms as vice-chancellor of Calcutta University, Mukherjee declined to be reappointed to
12319-487: The university at this time included Satyendra Nath Bose of the Bose–Einstein Statistics fame (after whom fundamental particles "bosons" are named), Meghnad Saha who developed the "Saha Ionization Equation," and renowned radio physicist Sisir Kuma Mitra who pioneered space research in India - all three became Fellows of the Royal Society (FRS). Mukherjee's institution building activities included establishing
12446-515: The university in 1906–14. Between 1912 and 1914, Taraknath Palit and Rash Behari Ghosh , two eminent lawyers, donated assets totalling ₹ 25 lakh (equivalent to ₹ 67 crore or US$ 8.0 million in 2023), and founded the University College of Science at Upper Circular Road (now known as Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road). Before the partition of India , twenty-seven colleges from East Bengal (now Bangladesh) were affiliated with
12573-1288: The university including the first Indian governors of Bihar and Odisha, Lord Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha of Raipur, Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh , governor of the Punjab and Uttar Pradesh, and Banwari Lal Joshi , the former governor of Delhi, Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh and the current governor of Uttarakhand. The former rulers of the Indian princely state of Coochbehar and of Saraikela were also alumni of this university, as were colonial-era prime ministers Albion Rajkumar Banerjee of Kashmir and A.K. Fazlul Huq of undivided Bengal. Among its former students are eight chief ministers of West Bengal : Prafulla Chandra Ghosh , Bidhan Chandra Ray , Prafulla Chandra Sen , Ajoy Mukherjee , Siddhartha Shankar Ray , Jyoti Basu , Buddhadeb Bhattacharya , and Mamata Banerjee ; three chief ministers each of Assam : Gopinath Bordoloi , Bishnuram Medhi and Golap Borbora ; chief ministers of Bihar : Krishna Sinha , Binodanand Jha and Ram Sundar Das ; two chief ministers of Meghalaya : B.B. Lyngdoh and S.C. Marak , and two chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh : Ravishankar Shukla , Kamal Nath . The chief ministers of Manipur , Rishang Keishing , Nagaland , S.C. Jamir and Sikkim B B Gurung were also students. Among
12700-826: The university is “50:50”. The university has signed high number of MoU with different institutes across the globe. The university is currently linked with over 50 institutions of higher learning across the globe and the UK-India Education Research Initiative awarded £30,000 to CU's department of radio physics and the University of Sheffield for collaborative research on photonics and biomedical applications. The track record of Calcutta University science graduates at all-India competitive exams such as UGC-CSIR NET ( Centre for Science and Industrial Research National Eligibility Test) and Jest ( Joint Entrance Screening Test ) for admission to premier research institutes in India has also been commendable. And CU alumni are at
12827-494: The university librarian, the inspector of colleges, the system manager and 35 others. They monitor the operation of the university and its affiliated colleges and the university's funding. In 2017, Sonali Chakravarti Banerjee became the 51st vice-chancellor of the university. The university is funded by the University Grants Commission, the Government of West Bengal , other agencies for various research works and by
12954-688: The university or any national level exam related to the subject, held by the UGC. A merit list is prepared on the basis of the exam results. Undergraduates may enroll for a three- or four-year program in engineering. Students choose a major when they enter the university and cannot change it unless they opt later for the university's professional or self-financed postgraduate programs. Science and business disciplines are in high demand, largely in anticipation of better employment prospects. Most programs are organized on an annual basis, though some programs are semester dependent. Most departments offer master's programs of
13081-546: The university received another fund of INR 50 Crore from RUSA 2.0 for project (INR 35 Crore) and Manpower & Entrepreneurship Development for project (INR 15 Crore) . Different department of the university have received many funds from India and abroad for conducting research, manpower development etc. The university has many collaborations with industrial bodies for conducting joint research. Based on research publication output in SCOPUS International Data for
13208-525: The university's accreditation. The UGC recognized the University of Calcutta as a "University with Potential for Excellence", on 8 December 2005. It was also awarded the status of "Centre with Potential for Excellence in Particular Area" in Electro-Physiological and Neuro-imaging studies including mathematical modeling . The Manuscript Library at the university has also been designated as
13335-548: The university's control was curtailed to Bengal (which included Orissa and Bihar), Assam and Burma provinces. In the act, the Governor-General-in-Council was given the power to the limit territorial jurisdiction of the five universities; Calcutta, Bombay , Madras , the Punjab and Allahabad. Following the Government of British India notification on 20 August 1904, Ceylon went under the University of Madras; provinces, states and agencies of Central India, such as
13462-624: The university's own initiatives like fees, sales proceeds, publications and service charges generated from endowment funds . At one time, the university had a huge catchment area in British India , ranging from Lahore in the west to Rangoon in east and Ceylon in the south. Colleges like Thomason Engineering College (now IIT Roorkee), Muhammedan Anglo-Oriental College (now Aligarh Muslim University ), Canning College, Lucknow (now University of Lucknow ), King George Medical College (now King George's Medical University ), etc. were affiliated to
13589-524: The university. Rabindranath composed two songs instead of one— " Cholo Jai, Cholo Jai " and " Subho Karmapathe Dharo Nirvayo Gaan " (in English, "Let's go, let's go" and "Take up fearless song on the path of good deeds" respectively). The former song was adopted and sung by parading students on the university's foundation day on 24 January 1937. In the post centenary golden jubilee year of the university,
13716-412: The university. Schools situated in districts like Rawalpindi , Lahore , Jaypur , Cawnpur, and Mussoorie used to prepare and send students for the university entrance examination. No provisions to curtail territorial control were made after establishment of University of Punjab and Allahabad in 1882 and 1887 respectively. After the Indian Universities Act of 1904 came in, however, for the first time,
13843-499: The university. The Government of West Bengal passed the Calcutta University Act of 1951, which substituted the earlier act of 1904 and ensured a democratic structure for the university. The West Bengal Secondary Education Act was passed in the same year linking the university with the school leaving examination. Gradually the requirements of the university grew, and the Senate House was becoming incapable of handling them. After
13970-681: The vice-chancellor used to house the Senate meetings. The faculty councils generally met at the residences of the presidents of the faculties concerned, in the Civil Engineering College or in the Writers' Building . Because of the lack of space, university examinations were conducted in the Kolkata Town Hall and in tents in the Maidan urban park. In 1866, a grant of ₹ 81,600 (equivalent to ₹ 37 million or US$ 450,000 in 2023) for
14097-441: The zeal and enthusiasm with which William Jones and his choice band of thirty elite Englishmen in 1783-84 had begun their investigations into "the history and antiquities, arts, sciences and literature of Asia." Despite the fact that the University College of Science and Technology was a department of Calcutta University set up as a part of the colonial educational despatch of 1854. there had been no substantial financial support from
14224-482: Was a Bengali mathematician, physicist, lawyer, jurist, judge, educator, and institution builder. A unique figure in Indian history, he made major contributions in three fields - mathematics, law, and higher education. A holder of Masters degrees in both Mathematics and Natural Sciences, he was one of the first Indians to publish research papers in British journals. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh at
14351-406: Was a Maharaja of Darbhanga . When the university was first established it had a jurisdiction from Kabul to Rangoon and Ceylon , the largest of any Indian university. Calcutta University was the first university east of Suez to teach European classics, English literature , European and Indian philosophy and Occidental and Oriental history. The first medical school in British India,
14478-623: Was a lawyer, educationist, and a political activist; he founded the Bharatiya Jana Sangh , the direct precursor to the modern Bharatiya Janata Party . Uma Prasad became famed as a Himalayan trekker and a travel writer - being awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award for his travelogue Manimahesh . His grandson Chittatosh Mookerjee was the Chief Justice of the Calcutta High Court and the High Court of Bombay. The Mookerjee family became
14605-501: Was a student of Madhusudan Das . In November 1879, at the age of fifteen, Mukherjee passed the entrance exam of the Calcutta University in which he stood second and received a first grade scholarship. In the year 1880, he took admission at the Presidency College (now Presidency University) in Kolkata where he met P.C. Ray and Narendranath Dutta who would later become famous as Swami Vivekananda . In 1883, Mukherjee topped
14732-561: Was also the founder of the Banaras Hindu University . Among the presidents of India associated with this university are Rajendra Prasad (who studied there) and Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan (who taught there), and Pranab Mukherjee , who both studied and taught at affiliated colleges of the university. The former vice president of India , Mohammad Hamid Ansari studied there, as did a former deputy prime minister of India , Jagjivan Ram . Many governors of Indian states studied at
14859-673: Was an alumnus of the university, as was the composer of the national song of India, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay , as was Padma Shri Award winning director Tarun Majumdar . Some of the industrialists who studied at the university include Sir Rajen Mookerjee , Rama Prasad Goenka , Lakshmi Mittal , and Aditya Birla . Notable scientists, medical doctors and mathematicians associated with the university include Jagadish Chandra Bose , Prafulla Chandra Ray , Meghnad Saha , Anil Kumar Gain , Satyendra Nath Bose , Subir Kumar Ghosh , Ashoke Sen , Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay , C. R. Rao , Asima Chatterjee , and Ujjwal Maulik . Fatima Jinnah , one of
14986-441: Was available to be used as a laboratory room, preparation room and as well as a practical room for biology and physiology classes, whereas a large number of B.A. students did not get the opportunity of having a regular course of practical training. In these circumstances, Calcutta University was pleasantly surprised to receive the princely gifts of Sir Taraknath Palit , an eminent barrister and advocate of national education during
15113-547: Was changed when the Government of India Act 1858 was passed by the British parliament . This brought the government and territories of the East India Company , including the University of Calcutta, under the British Crown . Seal three, four and five were introduced in 1930s, The fourth seal faced criticism locally. The current university seal is the modified version of the sixth seal. The motto Advancement of Learning has remained
15240-716: Was cut with the partition of India in 1947 . In 1948, all the schools and colleges in Assam left the university after the establishment of Gauhati University . As of 2020, 151 colleges and 22 institutes and centers, in West Bengal are affiliated with the university. Some of the affiliated colleges include: The university has 60 departments organized into seven faculties: arts, commerce, social welfare and business management, education, journalism and library science, engineering and technology, fine arts, music and home science, law and science; and an agriculture institute with six departments. To provide agricultural education and research,
15367-678: Was established in January 1909 as the University College of Law. It was granted status as the university's department of law in February 1996. This campus is popularly known as Hazra Law College . The faculty has many luminaries associated with it, including Rajendra Prasad, Rashbehari Ghose, and Chittaranjan Das. For undergraduate courses—Arts (BA), Commerce (B.Com.) and Science (BSc) streams (except engineering courses)—one can apply directly for multiple courses based on their Higher Secondary School Certificate examination or any equivalent exam results. Students are shortlisted according to their marks and
15494-524: Was hardly any provision for teaching of science courses with the exception of three colleges each in Civil Engineering and Medicine, all the 85 colleges in British India by 1882 were teaching courses in liberal arts leading to matriculation, F.A., B.A., Honours and M.A. Career in India was never virtually open to talents, through the principle had been asserted time and again in the Charter Act of 1883 and
15621-463: Was not a colonial science, as it was hardly supported by any large scale imperial funds and was solely meant for "The promotion and diffusion of scientific and technical education for the cultivation and advancement of science, both pure and applied among Indians". One reason why Calcutta University could not develop a research programme in science earlier than 1914 was partly because of a great handicap inherent in its constitution and partly because of
15748-421: Was ranked 26th overall by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2024 and 18th among universities. In 2001, the University of Calcutta was awarded "Five-Star" status in the first cycle of the university's accreditation by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). In 2009 and 2017, NAAC awarded its highest grade of 'A' to the University of Calcutta in the second and third cycle of
15875-517: Was the first and perhaps the last to establish a centre of academic studies at the university stage with distinct atmosphere of learning and scholarships and appointed some of the best men available in the country as University Professor or Lecturers. The establishment of the Calcutta University College of Science and Technology signals the beginning of outstanding research in some branches of science and applied science, which put India on
16002-635: Was the president of the inaugural session of the Indian Science Congress (1914). He played a major role in the foundation of the Bengal Technical Institute (1906), which later became Jadavpur University. He founded the Calcutta Mathematical Society (1908). The Ashutosh College was also founded under his stewardship in 1916. He is often called " Banglar Bagh " ('The Bengal Tiger') for his high self-esteem, courage and academic integrity. According to historian D. R. Bhandarkar ,
16129-437: Was thought to be the unwise granting of autonomy to these universities in the nineteenth century. Thus in the period of 1905 to 1935, the colonial administration tried to reinstate government control of education. Despite these strained circumstances, Mukherjee went on to create a culture of academic excellence and built a superb research university. He was involved in the University of Calcutta's affairs throughout his life. From
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