62-528: Rādhā Soāmī Mat or Sant Mat is a spiritual tradition or faith founded by Shiv Dayal Singh in January 1861 on Basant Panchami Day in Agra , India. Shiv Dayal Singh's parents were Vaishnava Hindus , followers of Guru Nanak of Sikhism , and were also followers of a spiritual guru from Hathras named Tulsi Sahib . Shiv Dayal Singh was influenced by the teachings of Tulsi Sahib, who taught Surat Shabd Yog (which
124-832: A bastard. The same social standard applies to religious organizations. If a religious group cannot prove its descent from one of the recognised traditions, it risks being dismissed as illegitimate. Nevertheless, there are also examples of teachers who were not initiated into a sampradaya, Ramana Maharshi being a well-known example. A sannyasin belonging to the Sringeri Sharada Peetham once tried to persuade Ramana to be initiated into sannyasa, but Ramana refused. Since ancient times, Indian philosophy has been categorized into āstika and nāstika schools of thought. Āstika and nāstika concept in Hindu , Buddhist and Jain scriptures define Astika as those sampradayas which believe in
186-633: A disciple of the Beas master, Sawan Singh , became popular in the United States under the leadership of Thakar Singh . The Ruhani Satsang followed by the Sawan Kirpal Ruhani Mission and its international organization Science of Spirituality (SOS), founded by Kipral Singh's son. Other Radha Soami subtraditions and groups that have garnered a significant following include Manavta Mandir , established by Baba Faqir Chand in 1962 at Hoshiarpur in
248-525: A large memorial tomb is being built to honor the movement founder, and administered by the Central Administrative Council which established by second successor Maharaj Saheb in 1902. The second center is Peepal Mandi, which was founded by Rai Salig Ram who was then succeeded by his son, grandson, and currently his great-grandson, Agam Prasad Mathur. And the largest of the Agra-based branches
310-648: A single staff) generally associated with the Advaita Vedanta tradition. They are distinct in their practices from the Saiva Tridaṇḍi sannyāsin s or " trident renunciates", who continue to wear the sacred thread after renunciation, while ēkadaṇḍi sannyāsin s do not. The Ekadandi Vedāntins aim for moksha as the existence of the self in its natural condition indicated by the destruction of all its specific qualities. Any Hindu, irrespective of class, caste, age or gender can seek sannyāsa as an Ekadandi monk under
372-513: A synthesis of various philosophies such as Samkhya, Yoga and Vedanta, as well as shared spiritual concepts such as moksha , dharma , karma , samsara , ethical precepts such as ahimsa , texts ( Upanishads , Puranas , Mahabharata , Agamas), ritual grammar and rites of passage. According to the Padma Purāṇa, one of the eighteen main Purāṇas, there are four Vaishnava sampradāyas , which preserve
434-549: Is Radhasoami Satsang Dayalbagh with center at Dayalbagh , which is located across the street from Soami Bagh. This branch was founded in 1907 at Ghazipur by Kamta Prasad Sinha and in 1913 the headquarters were moved to Agra, it has flourished under the following leadership of Anand Sarup , Gurcharandas Mehta , Dr. M.B. Lal Sahab , and most recently as of this date Prof. Prem Saran Satsangi . The Ruhani Satsang ( a.k.a. Kirpal Light Satsang) in Delhi, founded by Kirpal Singh ,
496-511: Is a Punjabi language term, used in Sikhism, for sampradayas . Sampradayas are living traditions of both teaching and practice within a specific religious-spiritual tradition. They are generally composed of a monastic order within a specific guru lineage, with ideas developed and transmitted, redefined and reviewed by each successive generation of followers. A particular guru lineage is called parampara . By receiving diksha (initiation) into
558-402: Is a body of practice, views and attitudes, which are transmitted, redefined and reviewed by each successive generation of followers. Participation in sampradaya forces continuity with the past, or tradition , but at the same time provides a platform for change from within the community of practitioners of this particular traditional group. A particular guru lineage in guru-shishya tradition
620-462: Is called parampara , and may have its own akharas and gurukulas . By receiving diksha (initiation) into the parampara of a living guru, one belongs to its proper sampradaya . One cannot become a member by birth , as is the case with gotra , a seminal, or hereditary, dynasty . Membership in a sampradaya not only lends a level of authority to one's claims on truth in Hindu traditional context, but also allows one to make those claims in
682-458: Is defined by Radha Soami teachers as “union of the soul with the divine, inner sound”); guru bhakti (“devotion to the master”); and high moral living, including a strict lacto-vegetarian diet. He accompanied Tulsi Saheb a lot. He did not take initiation from him, however. The founding date of the movement is considered to be 1861 when Shiv Dayal Singh began publicly to give discourses. Param Purush Puran Dhani Soamiji Maharaj ( Shiv Dayal Singh ) ,
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#1733085180196744-505: Is defined by Radha Soami teachers as “union of the soul with the divine, inner sound”); guru bhakti (“devotion to the master”); and high moral living, including a strict lacto-vegetarian diet. Shiv Dayal Singh frequently accompanied Tulsi Saheb, but did not take initiation from him. The movement does not promote celibacy, and most of the masters in its various lineages have been married. The teachings seem to be related to forms of 18th- and 19th-century esoteric mysticism that were circulating at
806-601: Is now the world centre of the Radha Soami Satsang Beas organisation. Singh was the first spiritual master and head of Radha Soami Satsang Beas until his death in 1903. Before his death he appointed Sawan Singh as his spiritual successor. Singh was born in July 1839 in the village of Ghuman , near Batala in Gurdaspur district , Punjab, Sikh Empire. His parents were Jodh Singh, a farmer, and Daya Kaur. His mother Daya Kaur
868-419: Is subdivided into a number of major sampradayas. Of the historical division into six darsanas (philosophies), two schools, Vedanta and Yoga , are currently the most prominent. Classified by primary deity or deities, four major Hinduism modern currents are Vaishnavism (Vishnu), Shaivism (Shiva), Shaktism (Shakti) and Smartism (five deities treated as same). These deity-centered denominations feature
930-621: Is the Radha Soami Satsang Beas (RSSB) with the headquarters in Beas City , established by one of Shiv Dayal Singh 's disciples, Jaimal Singh , in the North Indian state of Punjab in the 1891, who practised Surat Shabd Yoga on the bank of river Beas . The Beas has grown enormously over the decades under the guiding hands of each subsequent successor (from Sawan Singh to Sardar Bahadur Maharaj Jagat Singh and Maharaj Charan Singh to
992-500: The British Indian Army as a sepoy (private) from the age of seventeen and attained the rank of havildar (sergeant). After retirement, he settled in a desolate and isolated spot outside the town of Beas (in undivided Punjab, now East Punjab) and began to spread the teaching of his guru Shiv Dayal Singh. The place grew into a colony which came to be called the "Dera Baba Jaimal Singh" ("the camp of Baba Jaimal Singh"), and which
1054-715: The Eckankar led by Paul Twitchell (a former disciple of Kirpal Singh), the similar American syncretistic Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness of John-Roger Hinkins , the linked to the Beas Elan Vital (formerly Divine Light Mission ), established by Hans Maharaj , and "Quan Yin method" of Ching Hai (a female student of Thakar Singh). Maharaj Sahab Anukulchandra (Sri Sri Thakur Anukulchandra ) Shabd Pratap Satsang Lineage Soami Ji Maharaj Chacha Ji Maharaj Data Dayal Ji Maharaj Jay Gurudev Satsang Lineage Soami Ji Maharaj Garib Das Jai Baba Gurudev To
1116-613: The Guru-shishya parampara in which parampara or lineage of successive gurus (masters) and shishyas (disciples) serves as a spiritual channel and provides a reliable network of relationships that lends stability to a religious identity. Shramana is vedic term for seeker or shishya. Identification with and followership of sampradayas is not static, as sampradayas allows flexibility where one can leave one sampradaya and enter another or practice religious syncretism by simultaneously following more than one sampradaya . Samparda
1178-611: The Mleccha (impure) who are considered without the purity of ethics and code of conduct called yamas and niyama . Sampradayas of Indian-origin religions have their own Darshana or philosophy, encompassing world views and teachings. Six Astika or orthodox sampradayas which believe in supremacy of veda are called shad-darśana (lit. six system), namely Sankhya , Yoga , Nyaya , Vaisheshika , Mimamsa and Vedanta . Astika or orthodox sampradayas or schools of Indian philosophy have been called ṣaḍdarśana ("six systems"). This scheme
1240-568: The Nandinatha Sampradaya : Maharishi Nandinath→ Tirumular →→→ unknown→Kadaitswami→ Chellappaswami→ Siva Yogaswami → Sivaya Subramuniyaswami → Bodhinatha Veylanswami Tamil Shaiva Siddhanta philosophy is known as the descendant from the teaching of Sanatkumara , one of the Kumaras .(Sanatkumara→Satyanjana Darshini→Paranjyoti rishi→Meykandar. Aghori and Nath are shavite. Nandinatha and Meykandar Sampradayas are associated with
1302-583: The Shaiva Siddhanta while Adinath Sampradaya is associated with Nath Shaivism. Other popular Saivite sampradayas are Veerashaiva Samprdaya , Lingayat Sampradaya and Srouta Sampradaya Adi Sankara founded four Maṭhas (Sanskrit: मठ ) (monasteries) to preserve and develop his philosophies. One each in the north, south, east and west of the Indian subcontinent, each headed by one of his direct disciples. According to Nakamura, these mathas contributed to
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#17330851801961364-403: The parampara of a living guru, one belongs to its proper sampradaya . To ensure continuity through dharma transmission , various sampradayas ensure continuity through Guru-shishya parampara where Guru teaches shishyas in gurukula , matha , akhara , and viharas . Buddhism also has lineage of gurus . Tibetan Buddhism has lineage of Lamas who teach in gompas and stupas . Sampradaya
1426-567: The 12th and 13th century CE and today remains as a very small movement except in Bihar / Jharkhand and Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Sun worship has continued to be a dominant practice in Bihar / Jharkhand and Eastern Uttar Pradesh in the form of Chhath Puja which is considered the primary festival of importance in these regions. Jaimal Singh Jaimal Singh (1839–1903) was an Indian spiritual leader. He became an initiate of Shiv Dayal Singh (Radha Soami). After his initiation, Jaimal Singh served in
1488-505: The Adi Granth and sing hymns together. They believe in social equality, forbid caste distinctions and have also attracted Dalits to their tradition. They are active outside India too. They are active in charitable work such as providing free medical services and help to the needy. They do not believe in orthodox Sikh ritual practices such as covering one's head inside the temple or removing shoes, nor do they serve karah prasad (offering) at
1550-737: The Dasanāmi tradition. The Ekadandis or Dasanāmis had established monasteries in India and Nepal in ancient times. After the decline of Buddhism, a section of the Ekadandis were organized by Adi Shankara in the 8th century in India to be associated with four maṭha s to provide a base for the growth of Hinduism. However, the association of the Dasanāmis with the Sankara maṭha s remained nominal. Professor Kiyokazu Okita and Indologist B. N. K. Sharma says, Sannyasis in
1612-622: The Incarnation of Radhasoami Dayal, Who declared Satang open to all by a proclamation 150 years ago (Basant Panchami,1861), became the Primal Founder of the Radhasoami Faith. But even from the time of his departure, some differences presented to surface. He had given a special authority to some of His followers whereby they could give initiations into Radhasoami Faith in their respective regions. Among such select personalities Baba Jaimal Singh
1674-658: The Nyāya, naturalism of Vaiśeṣika, monism and knowledge of Self (Atman) as essential to liberation of Advaita, self-discipline of Yoga, asceticism and elements of theistic ideas. Some sub-schools share Tantric ideas with those found in some Buddhist traditions. Hindus subscribe to a diversity of ideas on spirituality and traditions, but have no ecclesiastical order, no unquestionable religious authorities, no governing body, no prophet(s) nor any binding holy book; Hindus can choose to be polytheistic , pantheistic , monotheistic , monistic , agnostic , atheistic or humanist . Hinduism
1736-625: The One God described by Guru Nanak . Singh came to the conclusion that he needed to find a master who taught the practice of the Anhad Shabad (Inner Sound). He especially wanted a master who could explain the Guru Granth Sahib's reference to the Panch Shabd (Five Sounds). One such phrase is from Guru Nanak : Between the ages of 15 and 17, Singh undertook an arduous journey through North India on
1798-560: The Punjab; the Tarn Taran satsang founded by Bagga Singh; Radha Swami Satsang Dinod , founded by Param Sant Tarachand Ji Maharaj (Bade Maharaj Ji), current master Param Sant Huzur Kanwar Saheb Ji Maharaj and several others scattered through North and South India. In addition, there are Radha Soami-influenced, derived from the Radha Soami often westernized groups but denies their connection, namely
1860-585: The Radha Soami movement, which later got separated into different branches/denominations, including the Radha Soami Satsang Soami Bagh Agra, Radha Soami Satsang Beas , Radha Soami Satsang Dayalbagh , Radhasoami Satsang Pipal Mandi, and Radha Swami Satsang Dinod . According to Mark Juergensmeyer, the term Radha Soami literally refers to Radha as the soul and Soami ( swami , lord). According to Salig Ram , quotes Juergensmeyer, these terms are symbolic and mean "master of energy", derived from
1922-556: The Radhasoamis, six elements form the framework of their sect: The Radha Soami Satsang believes that living gurus are necessary for a guided spiritual life. They do not install the Guru Granth Sahib ji or any other scriptures in their sanctum, as they consider it ritualistic opposing the fundamental sikh beliefs. Instead, the proclaimed guru sits in the sanctum with the satsang (group of faithfuls) and they listen to preachings from
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1984-497: The Vaishnava understanding of "Radha as the power of energy of God" ( Shakti ). It is a referent to the consciousness in a person and the cosmic energy source, states Juergensmeyer. The writings of Shiv Dayal Singh, Sar Bachan , use the term Sat Nam , rather than Radha Soami. The gurus and the tradition that followed him used the term Radha Soami during the initiation rites, meditation practices and as mutual greeting. This has led to
2046-690: The authority of the Vedas are nāstika philosophies, of which four nāstika (heterodox) schools are prominent: Some are syncretic in nature which might adopt mixture of concepts from orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy such as realism of the Nyāya, naturalism of Vaiśeṣika, monism and knowledge of Self (Atman) as essential to liberation of Advaita, self-discipline of Yoga, asceticism and elements of theistic ideas. Some sub-schools share Tantric ideas with those found in some Buddhist traditions. The above sub-schools introduced their own ideas while adopting concepts from orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy such as realism of
2108-401: The branches of the Radha Soami sect (Beas, Dayalbagh, Dinod). The Radha Soami are strict lacto-vegetarians for ethical and spiritual reasons. They do not consume eggs , meat, seafood or alcohol. In Radhasoami vegetarianism, all life forms are respected and meat is considered unethical . Meat is also said to produce bad karma from those who slaughter the animal and those who buy and consume
2170-453: The current master, Gurinder Singh ). There are estimated to be two million initiates of the Beas masters worldwide. The one of a split the Beas is Dera Sacha Sauda (1948) led by Mastana Balochistani . In Agra, the birthplace of the movement, there are three main satsang centers of branches. The Radha Soami Satsang Soami Bagh Agra with center at Soami Bagh occupies the original site in Agra, where
2232-456: The departure of Maharaj Sahab, the dissenting members of Allahabad formed into a separate group who came to be known later as Soamibagh Satsang with only a following of five Branches from among 116 Branches existing at that time while the main lot followed Param Guru Sarkar Sahab( Kamta Prasad Sinha Sahab) Who commanded the support of all other Branches (i.e. 111 out of 116) and were said to belong to Ghazipur Satsang at that's time and later after
2294-459: The end of prayers. Their basic practices include Surat Shabd Yoga (meditation on inner light and sound), initiation of disciple into the path by a living guru, obedience to the guru, a moral life that is defined by abstinence from meat, drugs, alcohol and sex outside marriage. They also believe that jivanmukti or inner liberation is possible during one's lifetime with guidance of the living guru. However, some of these practices vary depending on
2356-617: The endonymous Indonesian name for "Indonesian Hinduism" can also refer to the traditional practices in Kalimantan , Sumatra , Sulawesi and other places in Indonesia, where people have started to identify and accept their agamas as Hinduism or Hindu worship has been revived. The revival of Hinduism in Indonesia has given rise to a national organisation, the Parisada Hindu Dharma . There are 2 Shakta Sampradayas, which revere Shakti -
2418-692: The establish ment of headquarters became known as Dayalbagh Satsang . After Shiv Dayal Singh 's death in 1878 he was succeeded by several disciples, including his wife Narayan Devi (“Radhaji”); his brother Partap Singh (“Chachaji Saheb”); Sanmukh Das (appointed head of the sadhus); the army havildar / sergeant Baba Jaimal Singh , Gharib Das of Delhi; and the postmaster general of the Northwest provinces, Salig Ram (alias Rai Salig Ram), each of whom started their own distinct centers. According to some scholars, Shiv Dayal Singh passed leadership to Salig Ram. After their deaths, multiple followers were claimed to be
2480-441: The existence of Atman (Self) and those who accept supremacy of vedas , Nastika being those who deny there is any "Self" in human beings or do not hold vedas as supreme. In modern context, Astika are also defined as theists and Nastika as atheist . In Indian origin religions, even atheism is considered acceptable, especially under the concept of Sarva Dharma Sama Bhava . The concept of acceptable or valid Dharma excludes
2542-484: The fellowship being commonly called Radha Soami. In some subtraditions of Radha Soami, states Lucy DuPertuis, the guru's charisma is considered as the "formless absolute", being in his presence is equivalent to experiencing the incarnation of the Satguru , the guru is identified as the Radha Soami. The Radha Soami tradition can be traced back to the spiritual master Shiv Dayal Singh (honorifically titled Soami Ji Maharaj) who
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2604-546: The feminine manifestation of Ishvara . They are as follows: Smarta Sampradaya (स्मार्त), developed around the beginning of the Common Era , reflects a Hindu synthesis of four philosophical strands: Mimamsa , Advaita , Yoga , and theism . The Smarta tradition rejects theistic sectarianism, and it is notable for the domestic worship of five shrines with five deities, all treated as equal – Shiva , Vishnu , Surya , Ganesha , and Shakti . The Smarta tradition contrasted with
2666-468: The first place. An often quoted verse from the Padma Purana states: Mantras which are not received in sampradaya are considered fruitless. And another verse states: Unless one is initiated by a bona-fide spiritual master in the disciplic succession, the mantra he might have received is without any effect. As Wright and Wright put it, If one cannot prove natal legitimacy, one may be cast out as
2728-423: The five Hindu gods include a sixth impersonal god in their practice. The tradition has been described by William Jackson as "advaitin, monistic in its outlook". Shrauta communities are very rare in India, the most well known being the ultra-orthodox Nambudiri Brahmins of Kerala . They follow the "Purva-Mimamsa" (earlier portion of Vedas) in contrast to Vedanta followed by other Brahmins. They place importance on
2790-868: The fruitful mantras: All mantras which have been given (to disciples) not in an authorised Sampradāya are fruitless. Therefore, in Kali Yuga , there will be four bona-fide Sampradāyas. During the Kali Yuga these sampradāyas appear in the holy place of Jaganatha Puri , and purify the entire earth . Each of them were inaugurated by a deity, who appointed heads to these lineages: Other major Vaishnav sampradaya are: Saiddhantika Non - Saiddhantika There are three main Shaiva sampradayas known as "Kailasa Parampara" (Lineage from Kailash )- Nandinatha Sampradaya , Adinath Sampradaya and Meykanda Sampradaya . The Nandinatha Sampradaya traces its beginning to at least 200 BCE. Its founder and first known spiritual preceptor
2852-563: The heads of these four mathas takes the title of Shankaracharya ("the learned Shankara") after Adi Sankara. According to the tradition in Kerala, after Sankara's samadhi at Vadakkunnathan Temple, his disciples founded four mathas in Thrissur, namely Naduvil Madhom , Thekke Madhom, Idayil Madhom and Vadakke Madhom. Dashanami Sampradaya, "Tradition of Ten Names", is a Hindu monastic tradition of ēkadaṇḍi sannyasins (wandering renunciates carrying
2914-467: The historical links with Shaivism: Advaitins are non-sectarian, and they advocate worship of Shiva and Vishnu equally with that of the other deities of Hinduism, like Sakti, Ganapati and others. Shankara championed that the ultimate reality is impersonal and Nirguna (attributeless) and that any symbolic god serves the same equivalent purpose. Inspired by this belief, the Smarta tradition followers, along with
2976-466: The influence of Shankara, which was "due to institutional factors". The mathas which he built exist until today, and preserve the teachings and influence of Shankara, "while the writings of other scholars before him came to be forgotten with the passage of time". The table below gives an overview of the four Amnaya Mathas founded by Adi Shankara, and their details. The current heads of the mathas trace their authority back to these figures, and each of
3038-493: The late 16th century, when a vast majority of the population converted to Islam . Only the Balinese people who formed a majority on the island of Bali , retained this form of Hinduism over the centuries. Theologically, Balinese or Indonesian Hinduism is closer to Shaivism than to other major sects of Hinduism. The adherents consider Acintya the supreme god, and all other gods as his manifestations. The term " Agama Hindu Dharma ",
3100-644: The lineage of Advaita of Adi Shankara and the Sannyasis in the lineage of Dvaita of Madhvacharya are all Ēkadaṇḍis. Kaumaram is a sect of Hindus, especially found in South India and Sri Lanka where Lord Muruga Karttikeya is the Supreme Godhead. Lord Muruga is considered superior to the Trimurti. The worshippers of Lord Muruga are called Kaumaras. Hinduism dominated the island of Java and Sumatra until
3162-461: The older Shrauta tradition, which was based on elaborate rituals and rites. There has been considerable overlap in the ideas and practices of the Smarta tradition with other significant historic movements within Hinduism, namely Shaivism , Vaishnavism , and Shaktism . Even though Smarta sampradaya regards Adi Shankara as its founder or reformer, advaita sampradaya is not a Shaiva sect, despite
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#17330851801963224-587: The performance of Vedic Sacrifice ( Yajna ). The Nambudiri Brahmins are famous for their preservation of the ancient Somayaagam , Agnicayana rituals which have vanished in other parts of India. The Suryaites or Sauras are followers of a Hindu denomination that started in Vedic tradition, and worship Surya as the main visible form of the Saguna Brahman . The Saura tradition was influential in South Asia, particularly in
3286-628: The products. Radha Soami hold the view that eggs are essentially a fetus whether they are fertilized or not; thus are non-vegetarian. Eggs and meat are believed to incite animal instincts and impair spiritual growth. Sampradaya Traditional Sampradaya ( Sanskrit : सम्प्रदाय ; IAST : Saṃpradāya ), in Indian origin religions , namely Hinduism , Buddhism , Jainism , and Sikhism , can be translated as 'tradition', 'spiritual lineage', 'sect', or 'religious system'. To ensure continuity and transmission of dharma , various sampradayas have
3348-579: The rightful heirs, and this eventually led to a large proliferation of various masters and satsangs (“fellowships”) throughout India that were regarded by their followers to be the true manifestations of Shiv Dayal Singh and his teachings, described as Sant Mat (“the path of the saints”). The masters gave birth to over 20 lineages ( guru-shishya traditions ), most of which already disappeared. The most famous living branches are Radha Soami Satsang Soami Bagh Agra, Radha Soami Satsang Beas , Radha Soami Satsang Dayalbagh , and Ruhani Satsang . The largest branch
3410-580: The time in northern India. The founding date of the movement is considered to be 1861 when Shiv Dayal Singh began publicly to give discourses. As per some subtraditions, it derives its name from the word Radha Soami means Lord of the Soul. "Radha Soami" is used to indicate towards Shiv Dayal Singh. The followers of Shiv Dayal Singh used to consider him the Living Master and incarnation of Radhasoami Dayal. After his death, Salig Ram and his other followers started
3472-426: The west, north and other regions, with numerous Surya idols and temples built between 800 and 1000 CE. The Konark Sun Temple was built in mid 13th century. During the iconoclasm of Islamic invasions and Hindu–Muslim wars, the temples dedicated to Sun-god were among those desecrated, images smashed and the resident priests of Saura tradition were killed, states André Wink. The Surya tradition of Hinduism declined in
3534-774: Was a devotee of the North Indian Sant Namdev , and at the age of four Singh started visiting the Ghuman shrine of Namdev. At the age of five, Singh started his education with Khem Dass, a Vedantic sage. Within two years, Singh had become a good reader of the Guru Granth Sahib and also read the Dasam Granth . At the age of 12, he came to understand that the Guru Granth Sāhib rejected pranayama (energy culture), hatha yoga (psycho-physiological development), tirtha yatra (pilgrimage), fasting, and rituals as means to finding
3596-449: Was born on August 25, 1818, in the north Indian city of Agra . His parents were followers of Guru Nanak of Sikhism and a spiritual guru Tulsi Saheb from Hathras . After completing his education, Shiv Dayal Singh gained employment as a Persian language translator, left that role and spent increasing amount of his time to religious pursuits. He was influenced by the teachings of Tulsi Sahib of Hathras, who taught Surat Shabd Yoga (which
3658-483: Was created between the 12th and 16th centuries by Vedantins . It was then adopted by the early Western Indologists , and pervades modern understandings of Indian philosophy. Each of six āstika (orthodox) schools of thought is called a darśana , and each darśana accepts the Vedas as authority. Each astika darsana also accepts the premise that Atman (soul, eternal self) exists. The āstika schools of philosophy are: Nastika or hetrodox sampradayas do not accept
3720-449: Was established and the accounts of properties were being called and information was sought as to who were the persons initiated, he did not like this idea and gradually became separated from Radhasoami Satsang Agra (then Allahabad) and began to organize their tradition in an independent way. But they maintained the basic teachings of Radhasoami Faith intact and they have not changed the method of practice of Surat Shabda Yoga . And then, after
3782-426: Was one in whose name, some time later, his successor-disciple Savan Singh Sahab established Dera Jaimal Singh, Beas. Baba Jaimal Singh used to come to Satsang during the time of not only Param Purush Puran Dhani Soamiji Maharaj but also during the time of Param Guru Huzur Maharaj (Rai Saligram Sahab) and to a large extent, during the time of Maharaj Sahab (Mishra Sahab)also. But when the Central Administrative Council
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#17330851801963844-475: Was the Maharshi Nandinatha. Nandinatha is said to have initiated eight disciples (Sanatkumar, Sanakar, Sanadanar, Sananthanar, Shivayogamuni, Patanjali , Vyaghrapada , and Tirumular ) and sent them to various places to spread the teachings of non-dualistic Shaivism all over the world. Saiva Siddhanta Temple of Hawaii identifies itself as principle Matha or monestory of lineage . Spiritual lineage of
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