72-730: RV Huxley was the first research vessel used by the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom explicitly for fisheries research and is regarded as the first vessel yielding data for the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (United Kingdom) - Directorate of Fisheries, now known as the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) . Huxley was built by Smiths Dock Company , North Shields in 1899, and purchased by George Parker Bidder III . The vessel
144-659: A paravane with a cutting jaw through the water in what was known as a "sweep" to bring mines to the surface and allow for their removal. This hazardous work lost the Patrol Service more vessels than any other Royal Navy branch in the Second World War; 2,385 men died. Grimsby's Royal Naval Patrol Service veterans financed a memorial beside the Dock Tower to ensure that the bravery and sacrifice of their comrades were not forgotten. On 14 June 1943, an early-morning air raid by
216-576: A European centre of excellence in producing chilled prepared meals, and the area has Europe's largest concentration of cold-storage facilities. The Port of Grimsby has been in use since the medieval period. The first enclosed dock, later known as the Old Dock , was built in the 1790s by the Grimsby Haven Company . Major expansion came with the railways and construction of the Royal Dock, Grimsby in
288-598: A conference called to discuss the commercial and scientific aspects of the fishing industry, and which was attended by many leading scientists of the day. Nevertheless, in his opening address, Huxley discounted reports of fish scarcities and repeated the views of the Royal Commission of 1866. He stated that with existing methods of fishing, it was inconceivable that the great sea fisheries, such as those for cod ( Gadus morhua ), herring ( Clupea harengus ) and mackerel ( Scomber scombrus ), could ever be exhausted. Many of
360-685: A laboratory was provided on deck, so setting the pattern for many subsequent fishery research vessels. Huxley was the first research vessel acquired by the MBA that was able to venture into open waters, and was thus used to survey the southern North Sea, the English Channel, and the area west of Plymouth . This was England's contribution to the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (Scotland,
432-563: A month after the raid. HMS Grimsby is a Sandown class minehunter (commissioned in 1999) currently in service in the Royal Navy . After the pressures placed on the industry during the Cod Wars and the European Union 's Common Fisheries Policy , which redistributed fishing quotas to other EU nations, many Grimsby firms decided to cease trawling operations there. The sudden demise of
504-585: A succession of different fishing boat owners in Grimsby . In an account of "Wrecks of the Pentland Firth" it is suggested that in 1926 Huxley , a Grimsby trawler outward bound, went ashore at Duncansby Head. She was refloated by Stroma fishermen but was so badly holed that she had to be run ashore west of the Ness. She was again refloated by Stroma fishermen and towed to Longhope by the salvage vessel Iron Axe , piloted by
576-590: A supplier of fish products to the UK food market. The £5.6 million Humber Seafood Institute, the first of its kind in the UK, opened in 2008. Backed by Yorkshire Forward, North East Lincolnshire Council and the European Regional Development Fund, it is managed by the local council. Tenants include the Seafish Industry Authority and Grimsby Institute and University Centre . Greater Grimsby is
648-486: A tenth of the fish consumed in the United Kingdom was landed there, although there were also many smaller coastal fishing ports and villages involved. The demand for fish in Grimsby meant that at its peak in the 1950s it claimed to be the largest fishing port in the world. The population grew from 75,000 in 1901 to 92,000 by 1931. The Great Depression and restructured fishing caused a sharp decline in employment. After that
720-459: Is associated with a folk tale of an imp who played tricks in the church and was turned into stone by an angel. A similar tale is told of Lincoln Cathedral – see Lincoln Imp . In the mid-14th century, Grimsby benefited from the generosity of Edmund de Grimsby , a local man who became a senior Crown official and judge in Ireland. In the 15th century, The Haven began to silt up, preventing ships in
792-511: Is governed by a council which is headed by a president. The MBA's director is responsible for the day-to-day running of the association. Since 1884, the MBA has had fifteen presidents.: There have been fourteen directors of the Marine Biological Association since its foundation: The MBA has a world-leading reputation for marine biological research, with some twelve Nobel laureates having been or being associated with it over
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#1733086187398864-506: Is likely to have the same derivation. Grimsby is listed in the Domesday Book of 1086 as having a population of around 200, a priest, a mill, and a ferry. In the 12th century, Grimsby grew into a fishing and trading port, at one time ranking twelfth in importance to the Crown for tax revenue. The town gained its charter from King John in 1201. The first mayor was installed in 1202. Grimsby
936-467: Is noted in the Orkneyinga Saga in this Dróttkvætt stanza by Kali Kolsson : Vér hǫfum vaðnar leirur vikur fimm megingrimmar; saurs vara vant, er várum, viðr, í Grímsbœ miðjum. Nú'r þat's más of mýrar meginkátliga látum branda elg á bylgjur Bjǫrgynjar til dynja. We have waded in the mire for five terrible weeks; there
1008-460: Is on the contrary evidence that shoal fish, like herrings, mackerel and pilchard ( Sardina pilchardus ), and ground-fish, such as soles and other flat-fishes, are really localised. If man removes a large proportion of these fish from the areas which they inhabit, the natural balance is upset and chiefly in so far as the production of young fish is concerned." During this masterly address he went on to develop this theme and concluded with an appeal for
1080-603: Is one of the largest centres of fish processing in Europe. More than 100 local companies are involved in fresh and frozen fish production, the largest being the Findus Group (see Lion Capital LLP ), comprising Young's Seafood and Findus , with its corporate headquarters in the town. Young's is a major employer, with some 2,500 people based at its headquarters. From this base, Young's has a global sourcing operation supplying 60 species from 30 countries. Traditional Grimsby smoked fish
1152-401: Is to increase understanding of the structure and function of marine ecosystems . The association's research is led by a number of Research Fellows who each run an interdisciplinary group which collaborates with other organisations as well as obtaining funding for their work. The groundbreaking work of MBA research scientists has been recognised by many national and international awards over
1224-575: The Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom . A public aquarium operated by the association was transferred to the new National Marine Aquarium at Sutton Harbour in 1998. The current MBA Research Programme includes work on molecular and cell biology , physiology and ecology . A wide range of marine organisms are studied from microscopic organisms such as marine plankton and viruses and much larger species such as sharks and giant kelp . The objective of this research
1296-595: The Lay of Havelock the Dane , but historians see this account as a myth. In Norse mythology, Grim (Mask) and Grimnir (Masked One) are names adopted by the deity Oðin (Anglo-Saxon Woðen ) when travelling incognito amongst mortals, as in the short poem known as "Grimnir's Sayings" ( Grimnismal ) in the Poetic Edda . The intended audience of the Havelock tale, recorded much later as
1368-641: The Dogger Bank , and there was a suggestion that moving immature fish from inshore areas to the bank would result in more catches the next season for English fishing vessels. In January 1910, on instruction from the Chancellor of the Exchequer , HM Treasury passed responsibility for North Sea fishery investigations to the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries (later MAFF), who in-turn were required to come to an agreement with
1440-530: The Lay of Havelock the Dane , may have taken the fisherman Grim to be Odin in disguise. The Oðinic name "Grimr/Grim" occurs in many English place names in the historical Danelaw and elsewhere in Britain. Examples are numerous earthworks named Grimsdyke . Other British place names with the element Grim are explained as referring to Woðen/Oðin (e.g. Grimsbury, Grimspound, Grime's Graves, Grimsditch, Grimsworne), and Grimsby
1512-483: The Luftwaffe dropped several 1,000-kg bombs, 6,000 incendiary bombs and over 3,000 Butterfly Bombs in the Grimsby area, killing 99 people. In total, Second World War bombing raids in Grimsby and Cleethorpes killed 196, while another 184 were seriously injured. The Butterfly Bombs that littered the area hampered fire-fighting crews trying to reach locations damaged by incendiary bombs. The search for bodies continued for
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#17330861873981584-564: The Marine Biological Association (MBA) as to how scientific investigations could continue into the future, in support of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). On 1 April 1910 staff at the fisheries laboratory in Lowestoft moved to 43 Parliament Street, London, becoming civil servants. The Association closed the Lowestoft fisheries laboratory and sold the RV Huxley to W. Crampin for £2,400. Consequently, from then onwards
1656-568: The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 and became a Municipal Borough in that year. In 1889 a County Council was created for Lindsey, but Great Grimsby was outside its area of control and formed an independent County Borough in 1891. The Borough expanded to absorb the adjacent hamlet of Wellow (1889), also the neighbouring parishes of Clee-with-Weelsby (1889), Little Coates (1928), Scartho (1928), Weelsby (1928) and Great Coates (1968). It had its own police force until 1967 when it
1728-461: The 1840s. A Fish Dock was added in 1857, and the fish docks expanded over the next 80 years. The Old Dock was expanded to form Alexandra Dock in the 1880s. The Kasbah is a historic area between the Royal Dock and Fish Dock marked by a network of streets that remains home to many artisan fish-processing businesses. Fishing activities were reduced to a fraction of former levels in the second half of
1800-441: The 1950s, around chemicals and from the 1990s gas-powered electricity generation. Grimsby is strongly linked with the sea fishing industry that once generated wealth for the town. At its peak in the 1950s, it was the largest and busiest fishing port in the world. The Cod Wars with Iceland , and the European Union 's Common Fisheries Policy sent this industry into decline for many years. In 1970 around 400 trawlers were based in
1872-404: The 20th century. The current port has become a centre for car imports and exports, and since 1975 for general cargo. In the early 21st century, it has developed as a wind-farm maintenance base. High-street shopping is grouped in central Grimsby between the railway and River Freshney, where Victoria Street acts as a central pedestrianised shopping street with an undercover Freshney Place centre to
1944-466: The 9th century AD, Grimsby was settled by Danes . Local folklore claims that the name Grimsby derives from Grim, a Danish (as an old term closer to " Viking ") fisherman. The common toponymic suffix -by is derived from the Old Norse word býr for village (compare with Norwegian : by , Danish : by and Swedish : by ). The legendary founding of Grimsby features in a medieval romance,
2016-540: The Cefas archives. Plaice and other fish were caught, labelled, and released, and when they were subsequently re-caught by trawlers, the location of recapture was marked. Within the first year, 1,463 plaice were marked in this fashion, 19% of which were recaptured - proving that a significant proportion of the North Sea fish stock was being caught by fishermen each season. It was also discovered that immature fish did not breed on
2088-569: The Council Leader dropped the idea a year later. North East Lincolnshire Council has eight Council wards within the area of Grimsby: The main sectors of the economy are ports and logistics, food processing, specifically frozen foods and fish processing, chemicals and process industries and digital media. Cleethorpes to the east has a tourist industry. To the west along the Humber bank to Immingham, there has been large-scale industrial activity since
2160-575: The Haven of the Town and Port of Great Grimsby". After the dredging of The Haven and related improvement in the early 19th century, Grimsby grew rapidly as the port boomed, importing iron, timber, wheat, hemp, and flax. New docks were needed to cope with the expansion. The necessary works were allowed under the Grimsby Docks Act of 1845. In 1848, the arrival of the railway eased the transport of goods to and from
2232-570: The Humber from docking. As a result, Grimsby entered a long period of decline until the late 18th century. In 1801, the population of Grimsby was 1,524, around the size it had been in the Middle Ages . By 1810 Joseph Smedley was hiring a purpose built theatre for seven Guineas. In May 1796, the Grimsby Haven Company was formed by Act of Parliament, the Grimsby Haven Act, for the purpose of "widening, deepening, enlarging, altering and improving
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2304-524: The MBA has published the Journal of the Marine Biological Association (JMBA), a scientific journal "publishing original research on all aspects of marine biology". Throughout its history the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom has had a member of the royal family as its royal patron. Grimsby Grimsby or Great Grimsby is a port town and the administrative centre of North East Lincolnshire , Lincolnshire , England. Grimsby adjoins
2376-664: The Member of Parliament for the Great Grimsby constituency, having won the seat from the former MP, Melanie Onn ( Labour ), who had served since 2015. This lost the seat to the Labour Party for the first time in 74 years, not least under Austin Mitchell ( Labour ), who held it from 1977 to 2015. Great Grimsby formed an ancient Borough in the North Riding of Lindsey . It was reformed by
2448-664: The Stroma men. The steam trawler Huxley was finally broken up in 1935. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ( MBA ) is a learned society with a scientific laboratory that undertakes research in marine biology . The organisation was founded in 1884 and has been based in Plymouth since the Citadel Hill Laboratory
2520-500: The UK. Food production has been on the rise in Grimsby since the 1990s. The Grimsby–Cleethorpes conurbation acts as a cultural and economic centre for much of north and east Lincolnshire. Grimsby people are called Grimbarians. The term codhead is also used jokingly, often for football supporters. Great Grimsby Day is 22 January. Grimsby is the second largest settlement by population in Lincolnshire after Lincoln . The town
2592-503: The United Kingdom was formed at a meeting held in the rooms of the Royal Society in London on 31 March 1884. All but two of the signatories of the resolution of 1883 were present, together with some other scientists. By this time Professor Huxley had been persuaded to give his support and was elected as the first president of the association, with Ray Lankester as honorary secretary. The MBA
2664-521: The country, according to government statistics. A little under half of the population of Great Grimsby and Cleethorpes reported a religious affiliation in the 2021 Census, mainly Christian, with Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu, Sikh, Jewish and other minorities making up around 3% of the population. In 2024, 95.7% of the population of Grimsby town identified with a white ethnic group. Since the December 2019 general election , Lia Nici ( Conservative ) has been
2736-727: The course of their career. Among them, A. V. Hill received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1922 "for his discovery relating to the production of heat in the muscle". The discovery of the mechanism of nerve impulses ( action potentials ) in animals was made at the Laboratory in Plymouth by Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Sir Andrew Huxley , work for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1963. The MBA publishes
2808-491: The first floor by ramps at the western end, which can accommodate even large vehicles. The ramp also provides access to the car park on the roof of the indoor market, which is operated by the local council. Freshney Place won a design commendation in the Refurbishment Category of the 1993 BCSC awards. In the town centre Bethlehem and Osborne Street are also mixed in use, hosting retail, legal and service functions to
2880-443: The formation of a society to foster the study of marine life, both for its scientific interest and because of the need to know more about the life histories and habitats of food fishes. Professor Lankester envisaged that such a society would construct a laboratory close to the coast, with the building containing aquaria and apparatus for the circulation of seawater and, most importantly, laboratory accommodation for scientists. The appeal
2952-549: The industry brought an end to a way of life and community that had lasted for generations. The loss of the fishing industry brought severe economic and social problems for the town. Huge numbers became redundant, highly skilled in jobs that no longer existed, and struggled to find work ashore. As with the Ross Group , some firms concentrated on expanding industries within the town, such as food processing. Grimsby's trawling days are remembered through artefacts and permanent exhibits at
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3024-541: The largest concentrations of such firms in Europe. The local council has promoted Grimsby as Europe's Food Town for nearly 20 years. In 1999, the BBC reported that more pizzas were produced than anywhere else in Europe, including Italy. Grimsby is recognised as the main centre of the UK fish-processing industry; 70 per cent of the UK's fish-processing industry is located there. In recent years, this expertise has led to diversification into all forms of frozen and chilled foods. It
3096-440: The late-nineteenth century, especially through the collection's personal papers. These include scientific papers and material from Walter Garstang , Sidney Harmer , Hildebrand Wolfe Harvey , Thomas Hincks , Thomas V. Hodgson , Stanley W. Kemp , Charles A. Kofoid , Mary Parke , John Richardson , Frederick S. Russell , Thomas A. Stephenson , Walter Frank Raphael Weldon , Edward A. Wilson and William Yarrell . Since 1887,
3168-454: The nature of the seabed. Detailed catch records from North Sea survey stations between 1902 and 1903 were summarised in a report published by Garstang in 1905. Research continued until 1909. Data from these early surveys have now been digitized as part of the Trawling through Time initiative at Cefas. More than 150 hand-written ‘naturalists logbooks’ spanning 1902-1909 have been re-discovered in
3240-522: The newcomers came from Barking in East London and other Thames-side towns. In 1857, there were 22 vessels in Grimsby. Six years later there were 112. The first two legitimate steam trawlers built in Britain were based in Grimsby. A gale in February 1889 resulted in the loss of fifteen smacks and 70 to 80 lives. At that time it was thought to be one of the most serious losses to a single port. By 1900,
3312-467: The north. Freshney Place is visited by 14 million shoppers a year and employs over 2,000 staff. The centre houses over 100 stores, including Marks and Spencer and House of Fraser . Constructed between 1967 and 1971 in a joint venture between the old Grimsby Borough Council and developers Hammerson's UK Ltd. , it was known as the Riverhead Centre (so named as the development was adjacent to where
3384-506: The northern section, was treated differently). Fishery investigations began in September 1902 under the directorship of Walter Garstang . The work consisted of systematic exploration of the North Sea trawling grounds at different seasons of the year, together with studies of growth and migration of plaice Pleuronectes platessa based on tagging experiments, examination of the food of fish and
3456-410: The now London-based staff were forced to make their research voyages aboard chartered commercial vessels. In June 1915, Huxley was requisitioned by the Royal Navy along with hundreds of other trawlers, and armed with a single 6-pounder AA gun . Her main role was to look for submarines, similar to an Admiralty trawler , but built to different specifications. Following the war, Huxley was sold to
3528-409: The past 30-odd years" and a town which "seemingly shuns the notion of heritage." Redevelopment was planned as part of Yorkshire Forward 's Renaissance Towns Programme, but the scheme was abandoned in 2012. In the early 21st century, the town faced the challenges of a post-industrial economy on top of the decline in its fishing industry. The East Marsh ward of the town is the second most deprived in
3600-490: The population was fairly stable for the rest of the 20th century. The Royal Dock became the UK's largest base for minesweepers patrolling the North Sea . The Admiralty requisitioned numerous trawlers to serve the purpose of the Royal Naval Patrol Service . Often the crew was ex-trawlermen, alongside Royal Naval Reserve and Royal Navy volunteers. Trawlers used the winches and warps from fishing operations to tow
3672-523: The port to markets and farms. Coal mined in the South Yorkshire coalfields was brought by rail and exported through Grimsby. Rail links direct to London and the Billingsgate Fish Market allowed fresh "Grimsby fish" to gain nationwide renown. The first true fish dock opened in Grimsby in 1856, and the town became central to the development of the commercial fishing industry. The Dock Tower
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#17330861873983744-480: The port, but by 2013 only five remained, while 15 vessels were being used to maintain offshore wind farms in the North Sea. The town still has the largest fish market in the UK, but most of what is sold is brought overland from other ports or from Iceland by containerisation . Of the 18,000 tonnes of fresh fish sold in Grimsby fish market in 2012, almost 13,000 tonnes, mainly cod and haddock, came from Iceland. Grimsby houses some 500 food-related companies, as one of
3816-517: The representatives of science and commerce present had different views to Huxley. Their views were put forward by E. Ray Lankester , who summed up the scientific contributions in an essay on what we would now call ecology. He pointed out that "it is a mistake to suppose that the place of fish removed from a particular fishing ground is immediately taken by some of the grand total of fish, which are so numerous in comparison with man's depredations as to make his operations in this respect insignificant...there
3888-480: The research support library for the MBA. Today, it provides research support for the MBA, the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science and Plymouth Marine Laboratory . The NMBL's holdings include periodicals, serials, journals, reports and grey literature, a large collection of historical and modern books, an extensive reprint collection, and expedition reports. These cover the vast majority of
3960-475: The sea fisheries were unfounded. They recommended removing existing laws regulating fishing grounds and closed seasons. However, the increase in the size and number of fishing vessels was causing widespread concern, and there were reports from all around the UK coasts about the scarcity of particular fish. This concern was expressed at the International Fisheries Exhibition in London in 1883,
4032-502: The second largest built-up area in Lincolnshire . There is archaeological evidence of a small town of Roman workers in the area in the 2nd century AD of Roman occupation. Located on The Haven, which flowed into the Humber , the site long provided a location for ships to shelter from approaching storms. It was well placed to exploit the rich fishing grounds in the North Sea . Sometime in
4104-602: The town of Cleethorpes directly to the south-east forming a conurbation . Grimsby is 45 mi (72 km) north-east of Lincoln , 33 mi (53 km) (via the Humber Bridge ) south-south-east of Hull , 28 mi (45 km) south-east of Scunthorpe , 50 mi (80 km) east of Doncaster and 80 mi (130 km) south-east of Leeds . In 2021 it had a population of 86,138. Grimsby has notable landmarks including Grimsby Minster , Port of Grimsby , Cleethorpes Beach and Grimsby Fishing Heritage Centre . Grimsby
4176-518: The town's Fishing Heritage Centre . A preserved 1950s trawler, Ross Tiger , is located here. Few fishing vessels still operate from Grimsby's docks, but the town maintains a substantial fish market important in Europe. Grimsby was struck by an F1/T3 tornado on 23 November 1981, as part of a record-breaking nationwide tornado outbreak that day. From the mid-1980s, the former Humber ferry PS Lincoln Castle has been moored in Alexandra Dock. She
4248-455: The two local rivers, the Freshney and the Haven, meet). Hammerson's UK Ltd began a £100 million redevelopment of the retail centre, doubling it in size. The expanded centre was covered in a glass roof. Two multi-storey car parks were constructed at each end of the centre; with this development, the old Top Town area of Grimsby was effectively privatised and roofed over. Stores are serviced at
4320-532: The world. The NMBL's Special Collections include the research libraries of several eminent MBA scientists; these are George Parker Bidder , Edward Thomas Browne , Sidney Frederic Harmer , E. Ray Lankester , Marie Victoire Lebour and John Zachary Young . Additionally, the NMBL curates the MBA Archive Collection which details the MBA's institutional history as well the history of marine biology in Britain since
4392-874: The years, including the Royal Society's Royal Medal , Darwin Medal and Croonian Lecture , the Zoological Society of London's Frink Medal , and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science's International Prize for Biology . Long-term science observations of physical and biological parameters in the ocean have been collected by the MBA for over 100 years providing a foundation of data supporting studies aimed at understanding biological responses to marine environmental changes including effects of climate change . The National Marine Biological Library (NMBL) began in 1887 as
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#17330861873984464-419: Was abolished in 1996. The former Great Grimsby district merged with that of Cleethorpes to form the unitary authority of North East Lincolnshire . The town does not have its own town council, instead just a board of Charter Trustees . In 2007, in the struggle for identity, it was suggested that the district be renamed Great Grimsby and Cleethorpes , but this did not meet with favour among local residents, and
4536-440: Was answered by a group of eminent scientists, who resolved to form a society and build a laboratory on the British coast. The committee formed at the International Fisheries Exhibition 1883 resolved to take action to establish a British Marine Laboratory, an initiative that ultimately led to the formation of the Marine Biological Association and building of the Laboratory in Plymouth. They were: The Marine Biological Association of
4608-415: Was awarded a Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) in 2009 by the European Union. The traditional process uses overnight cold smoking from sawdust in tall chimneys, roughly 1 by 2 m (3 ft 3 in by 6 ft 7 in) square and 10m high. Other major seafood companies include the Icelandic-owned Coldwater Seafood , employing more than 700 across its sites in Grimsby; and Five Star Fish ,
4680-409: Was completed in 1851, followed by the Royal Dock in 1852. No.1 Fish Dock was completed in 1856, followed by No.2 Fish Dock in 1877. Alexandra Dock and Union Dock were completed in 1879. During this period, the fishing fleet was much expanded. In a rare reversal of usual trends, large numbers of fishermen from the south-east and Devon travelled north to join the Grimsby fleet. Over 40 per cent of
4752-428: Was leased to the MBA by Bidder, who used the profits to fund the Ray Lankester Investigatorship at the MBA. Huxley was originally a commercial steam trawler named Khedive , but was renamed Huxley in honour of Thomas Henry Huxley in 1902 to assist the newly created fisheries laboratory in Lowestoft . Her fish-hold was gutted and turned into cabin accommodation for sea-going 'naturalists' and their assistants, and
4824-434: Was merged into the Lincolnshire force. In 1974, the County Borough was abolished and Great Grimsby was reconstituted with the same boundaries as Grimsby non-metropolitan district in the new county of Humberside , under the Local Government Act 1972 . The district was renamed Great Grimsby in 1979. In the early 1990s, area local government came under review from the Local Government Commission for England ; Humberside
4896-405: Was named "Great Grimsby" to distinguish it from Little Grimsby , a village about 14 mi (23 km) to the south, near Louth. It had a population of 88,243 in the 2011 census and an estimated population of 88,323 in 2019. It forms a conurbation with Cleethorpes and the villages of Humberston , Scartho , Brigsley and Waltham . The 2011 population of the conurbation was 134,160, making it
4968-448: Was no lack of mud where we were, in the middle of Grimsby. But now away we let our beaked moose [ship] resound merrily on the waves over the seagull's swamp [sea] to Bergen . Grimsby had no town walls. It was too small and felt to be protected by the marshland around it. However, the town dug a defensive ditch. Grimsby in medieval times had two parish churches, St Mary's and St James . St James, now Grimsby Minster , remains. It
5040-450: Was once the home port for the world's largest fishing fleet around the mid-20th century, but fishing then fell sharply. The Cod Wars denied UK access to Icelandic fishing grounds and the European Union used its Common Fisheries Policy to parcel out fishing quotas to other European countries in waters within 200 nmi (370 km) of the UK coast. Grimsby suffered post-industrial decline like most other industrial towns and cities in
5112-531: Was opened on 30 June 1888. The MBA is also home to the National Marine Biological Library, whose collections cover the marine biological sciences, and curates the Historical Collections. Throughout its history, the MBA has had a royal patron. In 2013, the MBA was granted a royal charter in recognition of the MBA's scientific preeminence in its field. In 1866 the Royal Commission on the Sea Fisheries, which included among its officers Professor Thomas Henry Huxley , had reported that fears of over-exploitation of
5184-558: Was used during this time as a pub\restaurant, but despite her design and status as Britain's last coal-fired paddle steamer, the catering no longer yielded a profit. The ship was broken up in 2010. Berthed in Alexandra Dock is the Ross Tiger , the last survivor of what was once the world's largest fleet of sidewinder trawlers. The town was described in The Daily Telegraph in 2001 as one "subjected to... many crude developments over
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