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71-427: RTP1 ( RTP um ) is a Portuguese free-to-air television channel owned and operated by state-owned public broadcaster Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP). It is the company's flagship television channel, and is known for broadcasting mainstream and generalist programming, including Telejornal news bulletins, prime time drama, cinema and entertainment, and major breaking news , sports and special events. It

142-402: A black urban audience. In 1985, a new service called TV4 was introduced, carrying sports and entertainment programming, using the channel shared by TV2 and TV3, which ended transmissions at 9:30 pm. In 1992, TV2, TV3 and TV4 were combined into a new service called CCV (Contemporary Community Values). A third channel was introduced known as TSS, or Topsport Surplus, Topsport being the brand name for

213-439: A combination of the two. In Croatia eleven national channels are free-to-air: HRT 1 , HRT 2 , HRT 3 , HRT 4 ( HRT being national broadcaster), Nova TV , Doma TV , RTL , RTL2 , RTL Kockica , CMC and SPTV . There are around 21 local or regional channels. Before June 2020, they used to be transmitted via three OiV (state-owned public broadcasting company) DVB-T and one DVB-T2 ( HEVC/H.265 ) MUXes . As of June 2020,

284-496: A day, with the afternoon interruption for the educational service. It also premiered Vila Faia , the first Portuguese telenovela. In June 1983, after nearly nine months, Bom Dia, Portugal! was cancelled by RTP. Plans to bring it back later in the year were later shelved. In October 1983, the daytime period was abolished in order to save energy. Weekday broadcasts were then restricted to start at 17:00 and end at 23:00. Said broadcasts were resumed in 1985, when RTP decided to broadcast

355-484: A free-to-air set-top box. In Korea, KBS , MBC (the two main public broadcasters), SBS (privately owned, but available for free to viewers), and EBS (including both TV and radio ) are the free-to-air broadcasting stations. They dominate more than 80% of advertisement profits, according to the recent survey from the agency. Due to the recent government's decision, digital television service for all free-to-air networks would be scheduled before 2012, followed by

426-603: A higher number of "quality" imports, in contrast with previous years. The reface also saw the premiere of new game shows adapted from international formats, Roda da Sorte (Wheel of Fortune), Casa Cheia (Bob's Full House), O Preço Certo (The Price is Right) and a return of 1, 2, 3 . The start of the Gulf War in January 1991 saw a historical operation with long hours of news. Having lost its leadership status slowly between 1994 and 1995, owing to SIC 's success, it eventually turned into

497-471: A local low-power repeater. In 1986, the SABC's monopoly was challenged by the launch of a subscription-based service known as M-Net, backed by a consortium of newspaper publishers on 1 October. However, as part of its licensing restrictions, it could not broadcast news programmes, which were still the preserve of the SABC, although M-Net started broadcasting a current affairs programme called Carte Blanche in 1988. As

568-460: A multitude of programming channels in many languages, spanning many new channels, so they can get National support, which ultimately leads to carriage by cable systems, to additionally support the high costs of broadcasting signals in this way. Nevertheless, free-to-air satellite TV is a viable addition to home video systems, not only for the reception of specialized content but also for use in locations where terrestrial ATSC over-the-air reception

639-411: A new newscast, Jornal de Actualidades . Its first large-scale coverage of an event was the visit of Elizabeth II to Portugal. Regular broadcasts commenced on 7 March 1957. An announcement made at the start of the broadcast stated that these broadcasts weren't definitive as of yet, seeing that the tests would run for a few more months. The broadcast started at 21:30, and with that came the first airing of

710-430: A number of local channels were available but since have closed, such as Cue TV were also available. Local stations such as CTV and Face TV (previously Triangle TV) were free-to-air analogue PAL transmissions prior to CTV migrating to the free-to-air digital DVB-T service and Face TV's terrestrial free-to-air service shutoff from December 2013. A digital terrestrial version of Freeview was launched in 2008, which, unlike

781-444: A pre-recorded continuity announcement was made by Gina Esteves about the reception of RTP's signal and how to obtain a television set. Throughout December (excluding Sundays) the experiments consisted largely of music videos, American imports and filmed features from France made for television. The line-up plans changed in the second half of January 1957 the signal was being tested between 17:00 and 19:00 and again between 21:00 and 22:30;

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852-443: A premium subscription is not present (providing the necessary equipment is still available), especially where FTA channels are expected to be used for emergency broadcasts, similar to the 1-1-2 (112) emergency service provided by mobile phone operators and manufacturers. On the other side, free-to-view (FTV) is generally available without subscription , but it is digitally encoded and may be restricted geographically. Free-to-air

923-455: A public service broadcast multiplex and a commercial multiplex, both DVB-T2. The informal term "council telly" is sometimes used for free-to-air television in the UK, evoking a basic service accessible to all. There are a number of competing systems in use. Early adopters used C-band dishes several feet in diameter to receive analog microwave broadcasts, and later digital microwave broadcasts using

994-453: A special program was broadcast marking the beginning of satellite links to the Azores and Madeira islands, enabling both RTP Açores and RTP Madeira to air live programming from the mainland. On 15 February 1982, daytime broadcasts were resumed following a brief period where the slot was abolished. The closing time (23:00) was kept in order to cut energy consumption. It was scheduled that by October

1065-500: A speech was made by Raúl Feio, in the Nervos program, introducing viewers to television, considered at that time to be "one of the greatest revelations of our time", and stating that the television service would enter the definitive stage in 1957, with hopes for the five transmitters to be active by then, locating the transmitters on a map. The inaugural program was followed by RTP's first continuity announcer , Maria Armanda Falcão, announcing

1136-452: A two-hour period running at various times mostly between 12:45 and 14:30. Before then, Telescola (educational classes) were generally the first programmes of the day and the regular schedule started at 19:00, running until midnight. A "unilateral" with Brazilian technicians helped provide RTP with assistance to produce live carriage of the solemn delivery to Brazil of the mortal remains of its Emperor D. Pedro I on April 22, 1972. Days later

1207-556: A widescreen channel. In 1976, RTP was forced to cancel the programme Nome Mulher after a controversial instalment of the program highlighted the illegal abortion trade in Portugal. In 1988, Herman José 's Humor de Perdição was put under fire because of the Historical Interviews series of sketches presenting an interview to Elizabeth of Portugal . In 1995, Catholic groups and Rádio Renascença put RTP under pressure for airing

1278-618: Is a play by Gil Vicente . The play is named after the Vaquero , the horse-mounted livestock herder of the Iberian Peninsula . With Spanish roots, it was Gil Vicente's first play, written for the celebration of the birth of the prince Dom João, the future king John III of Portugal . It premiered in 1502 at the royal court, then located in Castelo de São Jorge , in Lisbon . This article on

1349-572: Is free-to-air, but the more conventional broadcast systems in use mean that SiriusXM style in-car reception is not possible. Cable and satellite distribution allow many more channels to carry sports, movies and specialist channels which are not broadcast as FTA. The viewing figures for these channels are generally much lower than the FTA channels. Various European countries broadcast a large number of channels via free-to-air terrestrial , generally as an analog PAL / SECAM transmission, digital DVB-T / T2 or

1420-690: Is incomplete and additional channels are desired. Australia has five major free-to-air networks: the two public broadcasting networks - ABC and SBS , and three commercial networks - Seven Network , Nine Network , and Network 10 . Traditionally each network had only a single channel in a geographic area, but with the advent of digital television each network started broadcasting several SD multichannels, such as 7two , 9Gem , 10 Bold , and SBS Food , as well as at least one HD channel. There are also free-to-air community television channels in some major cities. Viewers in remote parts of Australia are able to access many Australian free-to-air channels using

1491-555: Is no concept of paying for a TV license. The acronym used for DVB-T in Spain is TDT ( Digital terrestrial television in Spain  [ es ] ). In the UK, the five main free-to-air television networks are BBC One , BBC Two , ITV , Channel 4 and Channel 5 . Around 108 free-to-air television channels and 30 free-to-air radio channels are available terrestrially via the Freeview DVB-T service. Seven HD channels are also broadcast via

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1562-412: Is occupied by pay-TV operators Shaw Direct and Bell Satellite TV , although larger C-band dishes can pick up some content. FTA signals may be scattered across multiple satellites, requiring a motor or multiple LNBs to receive everything. This differs from Europe, where FTA signals are commonly concentrated on a few specific satellites. Another difference between North American FTA and FTA in most of

1633-846: Is often used for international broadcasting , making it something of a video equivalent to shortwave radio . Most FTA retailers list free-to-air channel guides and content available in North America for free-to-air use. Although commonly described as free, the cost of free-to-air services is met through various means: Up until 2012, Israel had several free-to-air channels. The major ones rating-wise were Channel 2 , Channel 10 , and Channel 1 . The other ones were Educational , Channel 33 , and Knesset 99 . Since 2018, Israel has several new free-to-air channels that replace their older counterparts. The major ones rating-wise: are Channel 12 , Channel 13 , Kan 11 , and Channel 20 . The others are Kan Educational , Makan 33 , and Knesset Channel . In 1971,

1704-410: The 1984 Summer Olympics was the largest so far back then. 1986 saw the return of the extended late bulletin 24 Horas . One of the longest-running programs, TV Rural , ended on 15 September 1990, in the middle of a process of reforms at the corporation. After the 1988 Humor de Perdição scandal, Herman José returned to the channel in January 1990 with Casino Royal . Towards the end of the 1980s, RTP

1775-512: The INSAT-4B and GSAT-15 satellite covering India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and parts of Afghanistan, and Myanmar. In India, the channels are marketed as DD Direct Plus / DD Free Dish by Doordarshan , India's national broadcaster and other Indian private broadcaster ABS Free Dish from the ABS2 satellite. One can receive free-to-air regional TV channels using a small DTH antenna and

1846-670: The 3.7-4.2  GHz band. Today, although large C-band dishes can still receive some content, the 11.7-12.2 GHz K u band is also used. Ku-band signals can be received using smaller dishes, often as small as under a meter (3 feet, 3 inches) in diameter, allowing FTA satellite to be picked up from smaller spaces such as apartment balconies (note, however, that these dishes are not quite as small as those commonly used for commercial services such as Dish Network , DirecTV , Bell ExpressVu , Shaw Direct , etc. Dishes intended for those services may not deliver an adequate signal on Ku-band). The European-developed DVB-S and DVB-S2 standards are

1917-574: The DVB-S2 Optus VAST service. New Zealand has a number of FTA broadcasters such as Television New Zealand 's TVNZ 1 and TVNZ 2 , as well as Discovery New Zealand 's Three and Bravo , Sky Network Television 's Sky Open and the government subsidised the Whakaata Māori and Te Reo channels. Four channels, TVNZ 1, TVNZ 2, Three, Bravo are also broadcast timeshifted by +1 hour on Freeview and Sky platforms. A broadcast of parliament and

1988-598: The DVB-T MUXes were switched off and all eleven national channels are now distributed via two OiV DVB-T2 (HEVC/H.265) MUXes. In Denmark, six channels are as of 2020 free-to-air, distributed via 18 main transmitter sites and 30 smaller, auxiliary transmitters. The six channels ( DR1 , DR2 , DR Ramasjang , Folketinget , TV2 Regionerne, and sign language/local programme) come in one DVB-T2 multiplex . In France, there are 26 national television channels (MPEG-4 HD video) and 41 local television channels broadcast free-to-air via

2059-524: The Derby Day march (by Robert Farnon ) on television. RTP wanted to commission a march used to open its daily schedule, but since the task was time-consuming, the problem was then solved upon finding a bunch of Chapell discs to later select the track. The first announcer in the regular period, Maria Helena Varela Santos, announced the evening's line-up and was followed by a speech by Domingos de Mascarenhas about RTP's future. Technical problems were seen throughout

2130-526: The PAL system for colour television, being only the second terrestrial television service in sub-Saharan Africa to launch with a colour-only service, Zanzibar in Tanzania having introduced the first such service in 1973. (Tanzania itself did not establish a television service until the early 1990s, similarly concerned about the expense and perceived threat to cultural norms.) The Government, advised by SABC technicians, took

2201-832: The SABC was finally allowed to introduce a television service. Initially, the proposal was for two television channels, one in English and Afrikaans, aimed at white audiences, and another, known as TV Bantu, aimed at black viewers. However, when television was finally introduced, there was only one channel with airtime divided evenly between English and Afrikaans, alternating between the two languages. Test transmissions in Johannesburg began on 5 May 1975, followed in July by ones in Cape Town and Durban. Nationwide services finally commenced on 5 January 1976. In common with most of Western Europe, South Africa used

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2272-544: The SABC's sport coverage, but this was replaced by NNTV (National Network TV), an educational, non-commercial channel, in 1994. The main channel, now called TV1, was divided evenly between English and Afrikaans, as before. It also became available in Walvis Bay , an enclave of South Africa in Namibia, which was itself then under South African administration, with a live feed of the channel broadcast via Intelsat being retransmitted on

2343-507: The TNT DVB-T2 service. In Germany there are various free-to-air DVB-T services available, the number of which varies by region. Das Erste , ZDF , ZDFneo , ZDFinfo , 3sat , Arte , KiKA and Phoenix are available throughout the country, in addition to at least one region-dependent channel which is provided by the regional ARD member. Additionally, ARD's EinsFestival , EinsPlus and tagesschau24 are variously available in some parts of

2414-742: The analogue and free-to-air satellite options, supports high-definition broadcasts for TVNZ 1, TVNZ 2, Three and Bravo. While, airing the timeshifted channels also. In Brazil the main FTA satellite is the Star One D2, it holds approximately C-band analog channels (1985-2024), including all major networks like TV Globo (feed nacional digital HDTV ), SBT (feed nacional digital HDTV ), Record (feed nacional digital HDTV ), RedeTV! , Band (feed nacional digital HDTV ), Cultura , Futura (feed nacional digital HDTV ), TV Verdes Mares (feed nacional digital HDTV ), Canal Gov, Canal Libras and others, 36 C-band and KU-band digital HDTV channels. In Chile

2485-510: The broadcasts would encompass the entire afternoon. This plan wasn't properly achieved as the Ciclo Preparatório TV educational broadcasts were still reserved to air in a five-hour period (13:30 to 18:30). In compensation the channel gained its breakfast program, Bom Dia Portugal (styled Bom Dia, Portugal! ), the first such national program on European television, from 08:00 to 09:30. With this, RTP1 broadcast on average 14 to 15 hours

2556-498: The building of the transmitters. The basic network wasn't complete until April 1958. By the time the network was finished, the signals were received by 58% of the population. Out of RTP's 665 hours of programming in 1957, dozens were devoted to sports programming. Game shows were also central to RTP's launch year, the first game show was broadcast on April 5, 1957; the winning prize being a television set. Technical difficulties hit RTP frequently in its early years. João Villaret's program

2627-562: The choice made by RTP was seen as flawed. The newscast suffered constant cuts from the censors, as well as technical problems Broadcasts from the Monte da Virgem studios in Vila Nova de Gaia started on October 20, 1959. Portugal's link to the Eurovision network was complete on December 1, 1965 and the first experiment between Portugal and Spain was made on January 31, 1966. The first broadcasts from

2698-617: The country, and various commercial channels are available in metropolitan areas. In the Republic of Ireland, there are nine television channels and 11 radio channels broadcast free-to-air via the DVB-T Saorview service. Analog PAL versions of some of the channels were also broadcast until October 24, 2012, when all analogue television broadcasting was shut down. All of Malta's national and political party channels are available free-to-air. The national channels TVM and TVM2 , Parliament TV and

2769-469: The daytime block from Oporto . In April that year, Totoloto draws were televised for the first time, with the creation of the lottery. The educational broadcasts (then known as Ciclo Preparatório TV ) were abolished in 1988. By then, daytime shutdowns were abolished. In 1984, the Portuguese adaptation of 1, 2, 3 premiered. A weekly newscast for children, Jornalinho , came in the same year. The coverage of

2840-996: The end of analog television broadcasting. European countries have a tradition of most television services being free-to-air. Germany, in particular, receives in excess of 100 digital satellite TV channels free-to-air. Approximately half of the television channels on SES Astra 's 19.2° east and 28.2° east satellite positions, and Eutelsat 's Hot Bird (13° east) are free-to-air. A number of European channels which one might expect to be broadcast free-to-air - including many countries' national terrestrial broadcasters - do not do so via satellite for copyright reasons. (Rights to purchase programs for free-to-air broadcast, especially via satellite, are often higher in price than for encrypted broadcast.) The lack of FTA among public broadcasters are prevalent in countries whose broadcasters tend to use subtitles for foreign language programmes; although Spain's two public domestic channels, La Una and La Dos, are also encrypted despite dubbed foreign programmes being

2911-523: The eruption of the Capelinhos volcano in the Azores in October. Initially, RTP had a limited coverage area, using 5 transmitters ( Monsanto , Montejunto , Lousã , Monte da Virgem and Foia ) that covered about 60% of the country's population. Per the 1956 yearly report, the initial goal of starting all five transmitters by March 1957 was failed, due to issues regarding the terrain that was going to be used for

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2982-544: The infamous "Last Supper" special edition of Herman ZAP. As a result, it and Parabéns were both pulled. Free-to-air FTA also refers to channels and broadcasters providing content for which no subscription is expected, even though they may be delivered to the viewer/listener by another carrier for which a subscription is required, e.g., cable television , the Internet , or satellite . These carriers may be mandated (or OPT) in some geographies to deliver FTA channels even if

3053-601: The main FTA satellite is the Hispasat 74W-1, it holds approximately 10 KU-band digital HDTV channels including all major networks like La Red, Telecanal, TVN Regional, TVN2 Regional, Canal 24HRS, CHV, CHV2, CDTV, TV Senado, La Red Feed, Telecanal Feed and TVN Feed. Mon%C3%B3logo do Vaqueiro The Monologue of the Cowboy (Portuguese: Monólogo do Vaqueiro ) or Act of the Visitation (Portuguese: O Auto da Visitação )

3124-402: The most commonly used broadcast methods, with analog transmissions almost completely discontinued as of mid-2014. The most common North American sources for free-to-air DVB satellite television are: Most of these signals are carried by US satellites. There is little or no free Canadian DVB-S content available to users of medium-size dishes, as much of the available Ku-band satellite bandwidth

3195-525: The national anthem , but this practice stopped not too long before infomercials filled the overnight slots. Unlike RTP2, RTP1 broadcasts commercial advertising, which, along with the license fee, finances the channel. RTP was established on 15 December 1955 as the national television service, under Article 1 of Decree nº 40 341. Test broadcasts were first conducted on September 4, 1956, at the now-defunct Feira Popular amusement park in Lisbon. At 21:30 that evening,

3266-455: The national public broadcaster, ORF , offers a special free-to-air channel which airs selected programming without (i.e. those without copyright issues) via satellite all over Europe. As Germany and Austria speak the same language and use the same satellite, Austrian viewers are able to receive about 120 free German-speaking channels from both countries. In general, all satellite radio in Europe

3337-490: The network was made in 1960, and with varying levels of quality. Starting November 1, 1961, the weather reports were now seen in-vision from meteorologists, this time after the main news, as opposed to the late news, like it was before. The most famous weatherman, Anthímio de Azevedo, didn't join RTP until 1964. The 1960s also marked the arrival of the videotape technology to the broadcaster. A contract with Movierecord Portuguesa SARL

3408-669: The news team also provided details of the visit of the Portuguese president of the time to Brazil. Telejornal produced 1486 editions in 1972 alone, totalling 380 hours, whereas sporting events totalled 409 years, thanks in part to the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich carried from the Eurovision network. During the Carnation Revolution , RTP was occupied on April 25, 1974 by elements of the Armed Forces Movement . As consequence of

3479-509: The night, including a number of issues with sound. The first televised play ( Monólogo do Vaqueiro ) was broadcast on March 11. The first film ( Fado: História de uma Cantadeira ) ran on March 13. Its first operations outside Portugal were done by the news team in Barcelona, followed by coverage of the official visit of President Craveiro Lopes to Brazil in June 1957. Another crew was sent to capture

3550-516: The norm in Spain. However, these channels usually provide a scheme to offer free, but encrypted, viewing with free-to-view broadcasts. Certain programming on Italy's RAI , and the majority of Dutch channels are covered by such schemes (although in the case of RAI some programming is transmitted without encryption where there are no copyright issues). In Austria , the main national networks broadcast free-to-view via satellite; however, all regional and some smaller channels are transmitted free-to-air, and

3621-526: The occupation, the channel had its lineup changed. In 1974, RTP's ratings grew with the expansion of the acquisition of television sets in the country. The first colour broadcasts were conducted in 1976, with the legislative elections. RTP 1 broadcast the first telenovela in Portugal, the Brazilian series Gabriela from TV Globo , in May 1977. Its success was extremely high, with accounts of politicians watching

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3692-607: The political party channels NET and ONE, all are broadcast via the free-to-air DVB-T service. Even HD versions of these channels are available free-to-air. The only scrambled channel in Malta is ITV Teleshopping. In the Netherlands, three national public television channels ( NPO 1 , NPO 2 and NPO 3 ) and seven national public radio channels broadcast free-to-air via the DVB-T Digitenne service. The television and radio channels of

3763-467: The quality of the programming, despite having limited resources. A massive telethon was held on 16 December 1978, running for 17 hours. PAL colour programming was now in production, being selected in detriment of the SECAM format, and a heat of Jeux Sans Frontières on 5 September 1979 had to be transmitted in said technology in order to air to the rest of Europe, which already had regular colour broadcasts at

3834-605: The regional public broadcasters are also free-to-air via the DVB-T service. In Spain, there are around 25 national and 40 regional channels, as well as many local channels and radio stations. All television channels are in HD, with at least one UHD channel ( La 1 ). The state broadcaster, Televisión Española , is publicly-funded and does not show commercials. The two major competing networks, Atresmedia and Mediaset , are privately-owned and show commercials. All broadcasts are free-to-air, and there

3905-457: The remaining line-up for the evening. These consisted of: Raúl Feio returned to finish the broadcast. The experiments continued throughout September, and tropospheric propagation helped increase the reception. These experimental broadcasts resumed on December 3, delayed from the initial plan in November. These experimental broadcasts consisted of filmed documentaries, slides and test patterns. Daily,

3976-566: The rest of the world is that in North America , very few of the available signals are actually intended for home viewers or other end-users. Instead, they are generally intended for reception by local television stations, cable system headends, or other commercial users. While it is generally thought to be legal for home viewers to view such transmissions as long as they are not encrypted, this means that there are several unique challenges to viewing FTA signals, challenges not present in other areas of

4047-503: The same month and accepted a special hour of programming, that wasn't attractive for most of its viewers, aside from a few documentaries in the Hora Inglesa strand that ran for a week. On October 18, Jornal de Actualidades was replaced by Telejornal with two editions, the main one at 20:30 with half an hour, and a late edition before sign-off, that rarely happened after 23:30. The first presenters were Mário Pires and Alberto Lopes, but

4118-429: The series religiously. On Mondays, the telenovela was followed by the successful gameshow A Visita da Cornélia . On 16 October 1978, the channel was renamed RTP-1 (initially hyphenated), in line with the separation of the second channel 's editorial team. RTP1's separate editoral team was entrusted to journalist Vasco Graça Moura ; the two channels were also granted separate news teams. The new administration improved

4189-680: The state-controlled broadcaster, the SABC was accused of bias towards the apartheid regime, giving only limited coverage to opposition politicians. In Hong Kong, the largest and most dominant television channel, Television Broadcasts Limited , was the first free-to-air commercial television channel when it commenced broadcasting on 19 November 1967. It may also well be among the oldest and first stations to broadcast over-the-air in East and Southeast Asia. ViuTV and RTHK TV started broadcasting in 2016. Around 600 FTA television channels and 180 radio channels are broadcast from ku-band and c-band transponders on

4260-610: The tests weren't conducted on Wednesday nights. The afternoon period started with slides for 45 minutes, then 15 minutes of technical test programming, ending at 18:00, with an hour of films interspersed with slides, the second period at 21:00 started with 5 minutes of slides, then filmed content until 22:30, ending with sign-off slides. RTP broadcast 71 hours of filmed programming in the month (including fifteen documentaries made in Portugal) and 22 hours of test patterns. Regular continuity announcements were added on February 5, and on February 15,

4331-415: The time. As the months progressed, more and more colour broadcasts were included with experimental broadcasts approved on 15 February 1980, with colour test cards being shown from 18 February, before launching regularly on 7 March 1980, symbolically its 23rd anniversary, with the final of the 1980 Festival da Canção, which gave José Cid a place in that year's edition in the Netherlands . On 16 November 1980,

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4402-447: The vice-leader before falling into third place, when TVI got a ratings boost. On 29 April 1996, Canal 1 reverted to RTP1 . On 31 March 2004, RTP1 rebranded entirely now broadcasting from RTP's new headquarters. The channel started widescreen tests on 8 June 2012 with the Euro 2012 opening ceremony and the first match (Poland vs. Greece). On 14 January 2013, the channel formally became

4473-561: The view that colour television would have to be available so as to avoid a costly migration from black-and-white broadcasting technology. Initially, the TV service was funded entirely through a licence fee as in the UK, charged at R36. However, advertising began on 1 January 1978. On 1 January 1982, two services were introduced, TV2 broadcasting in Zulu and Xhosa and TV3 broadcasting in Sotho and Tswana, aimed at

4544-452: The world. Among these are: The largest groups of end-users for Ku-band free-to-air signals were initially the ethnic-language communities, as often free ethnic-language programming would be sponsored by Multilingual American Communities and their broadcasters. Depending on language and origin of the individual signals, North American ethnic-language TV is a mix of pay-TV , free-to-air and DBS operations. Today, many American broadcasters send

4615-499: Was broadcast on television for the first time, and in 1959, emphasis was put on outside programming, in order to diversify its contents. Among such broadcasts was the inauguration of the Cristo-Rei monument on May 17. On June 12, 1959, TV Rural was first broadcast. Engineer Sousa Veloso hosted it throughout its existence; the program was also relatively cheap to produce at the time of starting. Associated-Rediffusion visited Lisbon in

4686-406: Was facing challenges with the impending arrival of private broadcasters. As a result, RTP decided to rename RTP1 as RTP Canal 1 , in readiness for a bigger rebrand that happened on 17 September 1990, where the channel was now officially rebranded as Canal 1 , in order to reinforce its position in front of the new broadcasters. This phase was marked by a heavy number of imports on air, with RTP buying

4757-487: Was hit by a swarm of bugs on October 21, 1960. In October 1958, the administration demanded the creation of commercials made specifically for television; on December 31, 1958, an agreement was made between the radio stations members of the Pool. Advertising was the solution to curb the problems caused by the relatively high television tax. On February 9, 1958, the first soccer match was broadcast. That same year, Natal dos Hospitais

4828-487: Was launched on 6 October 1992, when SIC started broadcasting nationwide. The channel was initially simply referred to as "RTP". It received other names, such as "I Programa" and "RTP Canal 1" until it adopted its current name "RTP1". It is one of the most watched television networks in the country. The channel became a 24-hour service in 2002, although it now leases its graveyard slot (3 am to 5 am on average) to infomercials. Until that point, RTP1 closed down with

4899-410: Was launched on 7 March 1957 as the first regular television service in Portugal. It was the only one until 25 December 1968, when RTP launched a second channel . Two regional channels followed, RTP Madeira on 6 August 1972 and RTP Açores on 10 August 1975. As RTP held a monopoly on television broadcasting in the country, they were the only television channels until the first commercial television

4970-570: Was signed on September 26, 1962, eyeing to exploit advertising slots. At the end of 1963, Lever was the most-advertised company on television, but the most-advertised product was the Sical coffee brand. Around this time, more filmed imports started running, mostly from the United Kingdom and the United States. Under government initiative, programming for schools made its test run on January 6, 1964. It

5041-512: Was the only TV channel available in Portugal until 25 December 1968, when RTP2 started broadcasting. Because of that, RTP had to identify both channels as I Programa and II Programa in order to distinguish them. 1969 was marked with one of the first successful talk-shows on Portuguese television, the variety show Zip-Zip , that ran between May and December, as well as live coverage of the Moon landing . Daytime broadcasts commenced in May 1970, with

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