The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis ), previously Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD), is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center in the world. The center specializes in documentation, archives, and books on Western art from the late Middle Ages until modern times. All of this is open to the public, and much of it has been digitized and is available on their website. The main goal of the bureau is to collect, categorize, and make art research available, most notably in the field of Dutch Masters .
16-543: Via the available databases, the visitor can gain insight into archival evidence on the lives of many artists of past centuries. The library owns approximately 450,000 titles, of which ca. 150,000 are auction catalogs. There are ca. 3,000 magazines, of which 600 are currently running subscriptions. Though most of the text is in Dutch, the standard record format includes a link to library entries and images of known works, which include English as well as Dutch titles. The RKD also manages
32-508: A collector, art historian and museum curator. Their bequest formed the basis for both the art collection and the library, which is now mostly housed in the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (National Library). Though not all of the library's holdings have been digitised, much of its metadata is accessible online. The website itself is available in both a Dutch and an English user interface. In the artist database RKDartists , each artist
48-485: Is a faceted classification system as well as a hierarchical one. There are seven facets: The record for each concept includes its place in the hierarchy (with a link to its parent), as well as links to related terms, related concepts, sources and contributors for the data, and notes. Cataloging Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include
64-446: Is assigned a record number. To reference an artist page directly, use the code listed at the bottom of the record, usually of the form: https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/ followed by the artist's record number. For example, the artist record number for Salvador Dalí is 19752, so his RKD artist page can be referenced. In the images database RKDimages , each artwork is assigned a record number. To reference an artwork page directly, use
80-719: Is freely-accessible from any computer connected to the Internet. Final editorial control of the AAT is maintained by the Getty Vocabulary Program , part of the Getty Research Institute . Since 2008, Taiwan e-Learning and Digital Archives Program (TELDAP) collaborated with Getty Research Institute (GRI) in developing the Chinese-language Art & Architecture Thesaurus (AAT-Taiwan). The initial goal of this project
96-562: Is the iconclass database. To see all images that depict Miriam's dance, the associated iconclass code 71E1232 can be used as a special search term. 52°04′54″N 4°19′39″E / 52.0816°N 4.3275°E / 52.0816; 4.3275 Art and Architecture Thesaurus The Art & Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) is a controlled vocabulary used for describing items of art, architecture, and material culture. The AAT contains generic terms, such as "cathedral", but no proper names, such as "Cathedral of Notre Dame." The AAT
112-424: Is to provide multilingual search and corresponding images in integrate digital archives systems of Taiwan , and broaden the inclusion of terms related to Asian art, architecture and material culture in AAT. The AAT can be used in several ways: AAT is available as Linked Open Data at vocab.getty.edu since February 2014 and is updated bi-weekly. The initial core set of terms was derived from authority lists and
128-537: Is used by, among others, museums , art libraries, archives , catalogers , and researchers in art and art history . The AAT is a thesaurus in compliance with ISO and NISO standards including ISO 2788 , ISO 25964 and ANSI/NISO Z39.19. The AAT is a structured vocabulary of 55,661 concepts (as of January 2020), including 131,000 terms, descriptions, bibliographic citations, and other information relating to fine art, architecture, decorative arts, archival materials, and material culture. The AAT project began in
144-468: The Union List of Artist Names (ULAN) and Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (TGN) soon after its publication. The AAT was published in 1990 and 1994 in both print and electronic form. By 1997, the size and frequency of updates made hard-copy publication unfeasible and the decision was made to publish via a searchable online Web interface and in data files available for licensing. The online Web interface
160-517: The Dutch version of the Art and Architecture Thesaurus , a thesaurus of terms for management of information on art and architecture. The original version is an initiative of the Getty Research Institute in Los Angeles, California . The collection was started through bequests by Frits Lugt , art historian and owner of a massive collection of drawings and prints, and Cornelis Hofstede de Groot (1863–1930),
176-413: The code listed at the bottom of the record, usually of the form: https://rkd.nl/en/explore/images/ followed by the artwork's record number. For example, the artwork record number for The Night Watch is 3063, so its RKD artwork page can be referenced. The Art and Architecture Thesaurus also assigns a record for each term, but these can not be referenced online by record number. Rather, they are used in
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#1732863128911192-483: The databases and the databases can be searched for terms. For example, the painting called The Night Watch is a militia painting, and all records fitting this keyword (Dutch: algemene trefwoord ) can be seen by selecting this from the image screen. The thesaurus is a set of general terms, but the RKD also contains a database for an alternate form of describing artworks, that today is mostly filled with biblical references. This
208-457: The late 1970s in response to the gradual automation of records by art libraries, art journal indexing services, and catalogers of museum objects and visual resources. Automation required consistency in cataloging as well as more efficient retrieval of information ; a controlled vocabulary was a solution to both these problems. The project was conceived by library directors and architectural experts Toni Petersen, Dora Crouch, and Pat Molholt and
224-502: The literature of art and architectural history; this core set was reviewed, approved and added to by an advisory team made up scholars from all relevant disciplines, including art and architectural historians, architects , librarians , visual resource curators , archivists , museum personnel, and specialists in thesaurus construction. Its hierarchy was inspired by the Medical Subject Headings . All eras from antiquity to
240-584: The present are covered, and it is not limited geographically. As of January 2007, the AAT contained approximately 131,000 terms. While the thesaurus contains many variations on a term, such as singular and plural forms , spelling variants, various forms of speech, and synonyms , one is always flagged as the preferred term. Terms are updated biweekly and regular users are encouraged to propose new terms. In 2015 AAT contains 354,000 terms. They are available in 4 major languages (English, Dutch, Spanish and Chinese), and some terms in various native languages. The AAT
256-658: Was originally headquartered part-time at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, NY, then at Bennington College in Bennington, VT and later moved to Williamstown, Massachusetts , with the J. Paul Getty Trust providing technical advice and funding. In 1983 the Getty Trust took over editorial responsibility. The AAT offices relocated to the Getty's Los Angeles headquarters in order to better coordinate with two other similar Getty projects,
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