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55-404: Quảng Ninh , anglicized as Quangninh , is a province along the northeastern coast of Vietnam . It is about 153 km (95 mi) east of Hanoi, comprising four cities, two district-level towns and seven rural districts. The provincial capital is Hạ Long . The province covers an area of 6,207.95 km (2,396.90 sq mi) and, as of 2023, had a population of 1,413,452. Nearly 80% of

110-525: A garden. Vân Đồn and Cô Tô are island districts. There are thousands of islands on Hạ Long Bay and Bái Tử Long Bay, many of which contain caves. Besides areas of alluvial deposits, there are also white sand zones which have built up from tidal action. Some places have formed white sand mines producing materials for the glass industry (Van Hai), or have developed into tourism spots (Trà Cổ, Quan Lạn, Minh Châu, Ngọc Vừng). The sea bottom terrain of Quảng Ninh isn't smooth, and has an average depth of 20 m. There are

165-587: A large influence on the province, mainly in June, July and August. The intensity can be extremely strong, especially in island and coastal regions. Because of the terrain differences, the climates of sub-regions differ. The border area of the Móng Cái District is colder and rainy, with an average temperature of around 22 °C and rainfall reaching 2,751 mm. In the Yên Hưng District, the most southern area,

220-493: A low range of hills weathered by both wind and water; forming fields and river basins. They include the zones of Đông Triêu , Uông Bí , northern Yên Hưng , southern Tiên Yên , Hải Hà and some of Móng Cái . In the estuaries, alluvial soil is deposited, creating low tidal flats. This can be found in the areas of southern Uông Bí, southern Yên Hưng (Hà Nam Island), eastern Yên Hưng, Đông Rui (Tiên Yên), southern Đầm Hà and Mong Cai , southeastern Hải Hà. The midlands and plains of

275-559: A personal name now usually depends on the preferences of the bearer. Name changes are less common today for Europeans emigrating to the United States than they are for people originating in East Asian countries (except for Japan , which no longer has large-scale emigration). However, unless the spelling is changed, European immigrants put up with (and in due course accept) an anglicised pronunciation: " Lewinsky " will be so pronounced, unless

330-456: A regional high-quality tourism center and an economic growth hub in the North with synchronized socio-economic and technical infrastructure and improved living conditions. Some of the economic indicators in agriculture, industries and other sectors are the following. There are only 1,440 farms as against the national number of 120,699 The output value of agriculture produce at constant 1994 prices in

385-680: A sensitive subject. Following centuries of English rule in Ireland , Douglas Hyde delivered an argument for de-anglicisation before the Irish National Literary Society in Dublin, 25 November 1892: "When we speak of 'The Necessity for De-Anglicising the Irish Nation', we mean it, not as a protest against imitating what is best in the English people, for that would be absurd, but rather to show

440-684: A total land area of 6,178.21 square kilometres (2,385.42 sq mi). The male population during this period was 671,522 while the female population was 648,802. The rural population was 498,338 (36.1% of total population) against an urban population of 822,761 (63.9% of total population). There are about 40 ethnic groups in Quảng Ninh recognized by the Vietnamese government. Each ethnicity has their own language, traditions, and subculture. The largest ethnic groups are: Vietnamese 87.69%, Dao 5.57%, Tày 3.08%, and Sán Dìu 1.56%, with all others composing

495-563: A total of capacity of 195.53 million m of water. The largest is Yên Lập Lake, which blocks the Míp Estuary. Its water volume is 1.18 million m. Other lakes include: Khuất Động , Trúc Bài Sơn , Khe Táu , Đoan Tĩnh , Khe Uơn , Khe Chếnh , Yên Trung , Bến Châu , Trại Lốc , Rộc Cả and An Biên . Underground running water is also abundant, and can even be found on some of the larger islands. According to prospective data, 13 urban and industrial areas make use of 64,388 m water/day. In

550-515: A variety of trees and plants, providing spices and traditional medicines. Although economy of the region is agriculture based, other sectors of industries and tourism are also getting priority attention. Being in the northern economic triangle (Hà Nội – Hải Phòng – Quảng Ninh), the province has abundant resources and has immense potential to develop the economy in every sector. The People's Committee of Quảng Ninh province in 2007 approved proposals for development plans up to 2020. Industrial development

605-524: Is 195 km (at the widest part). The length from north to south of the province is 102 km. The northernmost point is in a mountain range at Mo Toòng village (Hoành Mô Commune, Bình Liêu District). The southernmost point is in Hạ Mai Island (Ngọc Vừng Commune, Vân Đồn District). The westernmost point is in Vàng Chua River (Bình Dương and Nguyễn Huệ communes, Đông Triều City). The easternmost point

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660-542: Is accepted in English with Italian spelling, but anglicised phonetically in being pronounced / ˈ p ɑː s t ə / in American English and / ˈ p æ s t ə / in British English . The anglicisation of non-English words for use in English is just one case of the more widespread domestication of foreign words that is a feature of many languages, sometimes involving shifts in meaning. The term does not cover

715-721: Is an anglicisation of the Old French damoisele (modern demoiselle ), meaning "young lady". Another form of anglicising is the inclusion of a foreign article as part of a noun (such as alkali from the Arabic al-qili ). "Rotten Row", the name of a London pathway that was a fashionable place to ride horses in the 18th and 19th centuries, is an adaptation of the French phrase Route du Roi . The word "genie" has been anglicized via Latin from jinn or djinn from Arabic : الجن , al-jinn originally meaning demon or spirit. Some changes are motivated by

770-438: Is hot, humid and rainy, while monsoons flourish. The average annual temperature recorded is 22.9 °C. In winter, it is cold (between 1 and 3 °C), dry, and sees little rainfall (between 150 mm and 400 mm). The average humidity is 82 percent. Annual average rainfall, influenced by north-eastern monsoons, varies between 1,700 mm and 2,400 mm (maximum recorded is 2751 mm), with rainfall concentrated in

825-544: Is inland at Got Cape, northeast of Trà Cổ Commune, Móng Cái Town. Quảng Ninh has a common international border with the People's Republic of China. Inland, north of province (Bình Liêu, Hải Hà districts) and Móng Cái borders Dongxing City and Fangcheng County in Guangxi , PRC with the borderline of 170 km. To the east, it adjuncts to Bắc Bộ Gulf. The province also borders Lạng Sơn , Bắc Giang and Hải Dương provinces to

880-553: Is linked to the Mong Cai International Border Gate over a road distance of 288 km. The Hanoi–Hạ Long (Cai Lan port) railway line has been improved. Rail links of 64 km length connect to industries in the province. Anglicisation (linguistics) In linguistics, anglicisation or anglicization is the practice of modifying foreign words, names, and phrases to make them easier to spell, pronounce or understand in English. The term commonly refers to

935-530: Is named Turin in the native Piedmontese language , but is known as Torino in Italian. The translation of personal names used to be common, e.g. Copernicus rather than Kopernik . According to The Economist , the tradition 'seems to belong to another era'. The Universitat Oberta de Catalunya style guide for example recommends not translating the names of contemporary royalty, but does recommend translating papal names . Furthermore, names written in

990-448: Is narrow and unfertilized, so the production of rice, maize and sweet potatoes is poor. Making up for this is high productivity from fruit trees, lumber trees and industrial plants. The area for fruit trees in the Đông Triều City totals around 30 km. Formerly in Quảng Ninh, there was diverse and high-quality wood available, in particular ironwood and teak trees. Presently, there are mainly pine trees. In mountainous areas, there are

1045-489: Is often accompanied by thick mists. Quảng Ninh is a land of rich history. In Hạ Long Bay area has archaeological remains of prehistoric people from 3000 to 1500 BC. This period is characterized as Hạ Long culture with many archaeological shells used as jewelry and money exchange, ancient animal bones, and human bones. This land of Quảng Ninh is one of the 15 tribes of Văn Lang State. Quảng Ninh area has had several names: The historic sites of Quảng Ninh Province: After

1100-588: Is taking place at a rapid pace. Mineral extraction industries are being developed. Special economic zones are being created and the plans envisage making the province a modern industrial province by 2015. The two economic development zones under development are the Mong Cai Border Gate Economic Zone and the Van Don Economic Zone. Tourism is also a sector of economic development, which has been given priority. Quảng Ninh has targeted to become

1155-675: Is the compound name of two former provinces: Quảng Yên and Hải Ninh according to the naming of President Ho Chi Minh . The province has the shape of an oblique rectangle inclined in a northeast-to-southwest direction. To the west, the province borders an extended forest and mountain region. To the east, it is adjacent to the Gulf of Bắc Bộ . It features a meandering coastline, estuaries and tidal flats and more than 2,000 large and small islands. Exactly 1,030 of these have been named. Quảng Ninh's coordinates are longitude 106º25′ to 108º25′ east and latitude 20º40′ to 21º40′ north. Its width from east to west

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1210-518: Is very abundant, both fresh and sea water. There are large species of fish in the Gulf of Bắc Bộ. In addition, there are special species such as pearl mussels , stockfish , sea turtles and lobsters , while along the coastline, oysters and edible seaweed abound. These numerous fish resources of the sea have always been an important source of income for the residents of Quảng Ninh. Quảng Ninh's floral strong point has always been forestry. Agricultural land

1265-512: The Ka Long (the natural national border between China and Vietnam), Hà Côi , Đầm Hà , Tiên Yên , Phố Cũ , Ba Chẽ , Diễn Vọng , Trới , Míp , Uông , Đạm and Cầm rivers. The provincial border is the Kinh Thầy River which joins the Đá Bạch River and runs into Bạch Đằng. The total static capacity is estimated at 175.106 m of water. Out of the 72 lakes and dams, there are 28 large lakes with

1320-423: The palatal /ɲɲ/ represented by the digraph <gn> in Italian, but with fully occlusive /ɡ/ followed by /n/, enabling his nickname Spags , also with /ɡ/. Ho%C3%A0nh B%E1%BB%93 Hoành Bồ ward was formerly the township of Trới , the district capital of Hoành Bồ District . 20°46′N 106°12′E  /  20.767°N 106.200°E  / 20.767; 106.200 This article about

1375-455: The "w" becomes a "v", as in "Levi". " Głowacki " will be pronounced "Glowacki", even though in Polish pronunciation it is "Gwovatski". " Weinstein " is usually pronounced with different values for the two "-ein-" parts ( / ˈ w aɪ n s t iː n / ). American NFL coach Steve Spagnuolo 's family name, which contains no phonetic [ɡ] in the original Italian, is pronounced not with a semblance of

1430-556: The 13th-century victory of Trần Quốc Tuấn over the Mongols, who had invaded the country with 30,000 troops. The road network in the province consists of the National Highways No. 10, 18, and 48. Highway No. 10 links to Hanoi , Haiphong and other northern provinces. National Highway 4B connects the province with Lạng Sơn and Cao Bằng . The Van Don International Airport serves the province. Hanoi's Noi Bai International Airport

1485-503: The French fashion, rhyming with "fromage". Some places are named something different in English than they are in their native language, e.g. Florence for Firenze . This is not always the case; some places are just transferred instead, e.g. old names like Amsterdam and Madrid and new names like Port-au-Prince . De-anglicisation has become a matter of national pride in some places and especially in regions that were once under colonial rule, where vestiges of colonial domination are

1540-612: The Latin alphabet should be written according to the spelling conventions of the native language, including reasonable diacritics . They say names written in other scripts should still be anglicised. During the time in which there were large influxes of immigrants from Europe to the United States and United Kingdom during the 19th and 20th centuries, the names of many immigrants were never changed by immigration officials (as demonstrated in The Godfather Part II ). The anglicisation of

1595-501: The Netherlands and India and horses, sheep and goats from Mongolia . Formerly, as with the rest of Vietnam, there were once numerous wild animals. In more remote times, there were elephants, rhinoceros , tigers, leopards and bears roaming the area. Today, there are monkeys, deer , pheasants , eagles , wild boars , various birds and tortoises (which unfortunately are less abundant than they once were). In Quảng Ninh aquatic fauna

1650-487: The Transmission Mount ( Then ). It has historical linkage to the visit of Emperor Lê Thánh Tông to the provincial city in 1468. The emperor was moved by the beauty of the mountain covered with clouds, called it a young fairy of Hạ Long and got a poem written on it and engraved on the southern side of the rocky cliff. In 1729, Lord Trịnh Cương did a painting and poem on Emperor Lê Thánh Tông on this mountain. That's why it

1705-485: The average temperature is 24 °C and gets an average rainfall of 1,700 mm. The high mountainous region of Hoành Bồ, and Ba Chẽ districts, has 20 days of frost a year, and is subject to little rainfall. In the Bình Liêu District there is heavy rain (2,400 mm) and winter lasts for six months. The offshore island region is not the wettest area, with only 1,700 to 1,800 mm of rainfall per year, but winter

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1760-490: The basic input for cement manufacture. Other mineral resources phosphorus , titanium, antimony , quartz, and oil have been found which could auger more industrial projects in the Province. Clay and glassy sand, important material inputs in the building industry for manufacture of tiles, bricks, and ceramics are in abundance. Quảng Ninh's climate is symbolic of the climate of North Vietnam; featuring all four seasons. In summer, it

1815-405: The coal industry, Quảng Ninh is one of the Vietnamese working class formed the earliest. The general strike of more than 30,000 miners 12 November 1936 demanding higher wages and reduced hours has become one of the most iconic historical events of the Vietnamese revolutionary movement during the struggle for civil rights democracy and national independence. This later became a celebrated date within

1870-427: The coastline are extremely favourable for agriculture and transport. It has become a densely populated area. The sea and island zone of Quảng Ninh has a unique terrain. There are more than 2,000 islands, making up two-thirds of the country's islands. They extend along the coast for more than 250 km and divide into numerous layers. The largest islands are Cái Bầu and Bản Sen, while the smallest are just like rocks in

1925-521: The desire to preserve the pronunciation of the word in the original language, such as the word "schtum", which is phonetic spelling for the German word stumm , meaning silent. The French word "homage" was introduced by the Normans after 1066, and its pronunciation became anglicised as /ˈhɒmɪdʒ/, with stress on the first syllable; but in recent times showbusiness and Hollywood have taken to pronouncing "homage" in

1980-779: The eastern mountainous region extending from Tiên Yên through Bình Liêu , Hải Hà , Đầm Hà and Móng Cái ; and the western zone ranging from Tiên Yên through Ba Chẽ and Hoành Bồ , north of Uông Bí Town . The former is a continuation of the Thâp Van Đai Son range in China. There are two main chains: Quảng Nam Châu 1,507 m and Cao Xiêm 1,330 m. The western zone features smooth and curved mountains called Đông Triều with Yên Tu Mount 1,068 m in Uông Bí region and Am Váp Mount 1,094 m in Hoành Bồ District. The midland and coastal plains include

2035-476: The folly of neglecting what is Irish, and hastening to adopt, pell-mell, and, indiscriminately, everything that is English, simply because it is English." In some cases, a place name might appear anglicised compared with the most widely used name, but the form being used in English is actually the borrowing of an older or different form that has since been changed. For example, Turin in the Piedmont region of Italy

2090-465: The invasion of occupied Tonkin , in 1899 the French part Quảng Yên established Hải Ninh province. Seeing coal mineral resources. French colonialists increase in mining zones Hong Gai, Mao Khe, Vang Danh, Cam Pha Town, Ha Tu, etc. Established the Northern Coal Company of France (SFCT) exclusive exploitation and consumption of coal, power scavenged resources and exploitation of colonies. Along with

2145-467: The landforms such as the mountains and the sea or the bay, religious places of worship and festivals. Some of these are: Bài Thơ Mountain is a limestone mountain formation, which rises to a height of 106 meters, right in the middle of Hạ Long City. It appears like a giant castle with three towers of the undulating rock. Another famous mountain is the That Bai Tho Mountain, which was earlier called

2200-590: The mines. After the August Revolution in 1945, Vietnam's independence, the government at the hands of the people. 1963 platform is the Hong Quang and provinces Hải Ninh Government Democratic Republic of Vietnam established the province Quảng Ninh. According to the setting of Ho Chi Minh , the name of the province is the name of two transplant Quảng Yên and Hải Ninh old. During the Sino-Vietnamese War ,

2255-403: The modified form "obscene" /əbˈsiːn/ . The plural form of a foreign word may be modified to fit English norms more conveniently, like using "indexes" as the plural of index, rather than indices, as in Latin. The word "opera" (itself the plural form of the Latin word opus ) is understood in English to be a singular noun, so it has received an English plural form, "operas". The English word "damsel"

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2310-572: The national output of 1.47 million billion VND. On Vietnam's Provincial Competitiveness Index 2023, a key tool for evaluating the business environment in Vietnam’s provinces, Quang Ninh received a score of 71.25. This was a slight decrease from 2022 in which the province received a score of 72.95. In 2023, the province received its highest scores on the ‘time costs’ and ‘business support policy’ criteria and lowest on ‘labour policy’ and ‘policy bias’. The province has number of attractions connected with

2365-444: The province is mountainous with abundant land, forest, water and mineral resources, with 90% of Vietnam's coal output extracted from the province. The province is also home to Hạ Long Bay , a World Heritage Site that has 1,969 islands, out of which 989 have been given names. Quảng Ninh has a Human Development Index of 0.784 (high), ranking sixth among all municipalities and provinces of Vietnam. The name of Quảng Ninh province

2420-744: The province there are natural bottle water points in Quảng Hanh ( Cẩm Phả ), Khe Lạc ( Tiên Yên ) and Đồng Long ( Bình Liêu ). Mineral water is concentrated in the village of Quảng Hanh. Presently, there are 15 exploration holes, and according to preliminary results, capacity could be 1,004 m/day. Quảng Hanh mineral water is clear and colourless, with mineral content varying from 3.5 to 5.05 g/L. The province has rich natural mineral resources of coal, limestone , clay, kaolin , white sand, granite and so forth. Large reserves of anthracite coal account for 90 per cent of coal output of Vietnam. Limestone reserves are estimated at 3.1 billion tonnes which would be

2475-435: The province was 952.5 billion đồngs against the national value of 156,681.9 billion đồngs. The province produced 227,700 tonnes of cereals as against the national production of 43.68 million tonnes The per capita production of cereals in the district was 205.2 kg as against the national figure of 501.8 kg. in 2008. In 2007, the industrial output of the province was 37,987.5 billion VND against

2530-647: The province was the site of the Battle of Móng Cái and the Battle of Cao Ba Lanh . The area of the province of Quảng Ninh is 8,239.243 km ². Quảng Ninh is divided into 13 district-level sub-divisions and 177 commune-level sub-divisions: According to the General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam, the population of Quảng Ninh Province, as of 2019, was 1,320,324 with a density of 216 persons per km over

2585-437: The rainy season. Quảng Ninh's sea borders upon the Gulf of Bắc Bộ. It is large and protected by the ranks of islands, so the wind is quieter and the water smoother. The gulf's current runs from north to south. It is Vietnam's coldest sea, with the temperature sometimes dipping below 13 °C. The average tide level recorded is 2.5 m. Water resources in the province of Quảng Ninh are abundant and distinct. The largest rivers are:

2640-450: The regular domestic animals: cattle, pigs, poultry, cats, dogs, and rabbits. Cattle breeding has developed well in the mountainous regions, while the Móng Cái pig is now famous for its especially lean meat. In eastern districts, swans hybridized with ducks, called cà sáy by locals, are also becoming popular. Numerous foreign cattle are imported as well: buffaloes from India, milk cows from

2695-466: The remaining 2.1% (2019 census). In this land of ancient culture the dominant religious beliefs are of Buddhists, Christians and ancestor worship in addition to other folk beliefs. Quảng Ninh features a diversified and abundant environmental system, thanks to its varied terrain, climate and soil. The province thus has a rich biodiversity of flora and fauna. Identified floral species are numbered at 1,027 of 6 phyla, while faunal species are 120. There are

2750-488: The remnants of ancient streams and underwater rocky banks. The streams from the mainland connect to deep drains along the sea-floor; creating a series of waterways, canals and harbours along the coast. In Quảng Ninh, there are numerous rivers and springs, but most are short and small, and feature currents that differ between seasons. In winter, most rivers run dry; in summer, waterfalls pick up fast currents. The water current reaches 1.45 m/s in dry season, but up to 1,500 m/s in

2805-485: The respelling of foreign words or loan words in English, often to a more drastic degree than that implied in, for example, romanisation . One instance is the word "dandelion", modified from the French dent-de-lion ("lion's tooth", a reference to the plant's sharply indented leaves). The term can also refer to phonological adaptation without spelling change: for example, pasta (pronounced [ˈpasta] in Italian)

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2860-453: The summer months for 90 to 170 days, particularly in July and August. In comparison to other provinces in the north, Quảng Ninh has been more under the influences of north-eastern monsoon. The wind blows strongly and the temperature drops to between 1 and. During the north-east monsoon, high mountainous regions such as Bình Liêu and Hải Hà, Đầm Hà experiences temperatures below 0 °C. Storms have

2915-427: The unmodified adoption of foreign words into English (e.g. kindergarten) or the unmodified adoption of English words into foreign languages (e.g. internet, computer, web). Non-English words may be anglicised by changing their form and/or pronunciation to something more familiar to English speakers. Changing grammatical endings is especially common. The Latin word obscenus /obskeːnʊs/ has been imported into English in

2970-525: The west, and the city of Hải Phòng to the south. The coastal line is 250 km. The total area of Quảng Ninh is 8,239.243 km, of which 5,938 km is mainland. The area of islands, bays and sea is a tremendous 2,448.853 km. The total area of the islands is 619.913 km. Quảng Ninh is a mountainous and coastal province, with more than 80 per cent of its area being made up of mountains and hills. The 2,000 some islands are also considered mountains. The mountainous zone can be divided into two parts:

3025-523: Was called Bai Tho mountain (Poem mountain). Bai Tho mountain is an important historical and cultural relic as well as a tourist attraction. Two popular temples in the province are the Cua Ong Temple is located on a mountain overlooking low Bai Tu Long Bay, and the Tien Temple located next to the headquarters of People's Committee of Cam La commune. Bạch Đằng beach is a historical site which commemorates

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