Misplaced Pages

#569430

20-531: Pōmare IV (28 February 1813 – 17 September 1877), more properly ʻAimata Pōmare IV Vahine-o-Punuateraʻitua (otherwise known as ʻAimata – "eye-eater", after an old custom of the ruler to eat the eye of the defeated foe), was the Queen of Tahiti between 1827 and 1877. She was the fourth monarch of the Kingdom of Tahiti . Pōmare was the daughter of Pōmare II and Teriʻitoʻoterai Tere-moe-moe, his second wife. Her grandfather

40-523: Is unclear which is the first European ship to arrive at the island of Tahiti but it is often recognised as being HMS Dolphin captained by British Captain Samuel Wallis on 18 June 1767. He met a welcoming party of Tahitians who traded with him. Cultural differences leading to grave communication errors that resulted in a battle in Matavai Bay between three hundred war canoes and HMS Dolphin which fired on

60-627: The European theatre of World War II with the Free French Forces . In the late 1960s and early 1970s Tahitian poets Henri Hiro, Charles Manutahi, Vaitiare and Turo Raapoto spearheaded the anticolonial writing in Tahiti. Hiro's God of Culture implores Oihanu , the Tahitian god of culture and husbandry, to empower the "new generation". Three women writers - Michou Chaze, Chantal Spitz and Vaitiare explore

80-420: The 1820s Protestantism became the main religion on Tahiti. The European ships brought such diseases for which Tahitians had little or no acquired immunity , such as dysentery , smallpox , scarlet fever , typhoid fever , venereal disease and tuberculosis . As a result of these changes by 1830 the population of Tahiti decreased to 15,300 from estimated 110,000 in 1767, when the ship HMS Dolphin touched on

100-649: The 19th century Tahitians added the European medicine to their practice. The most famous Tahitian healer Tiurai, of ariʼi , died at age 83 during the influenza outbreak on Tahiti in 1918. The colonization of Tahiti occurred in a time of rivalry for resources of the Pacific by colonizing European nations including the French and the British. It was also a time of rivalry and fighting between the people of Tahiti and neighbouring islands. It

120-496: The Fort of Fautaua. The French were victorious, but they weren't able to annex the island due to diplomatic pressure from Great Britain, so Tahiti and Moorea continued to be ruled under the French protectorate. A clause to the war settlement was that Queen Pōmare's allies in Huahine , Raiatea, and Bora Bora would be allowed to remain independent. Pōmare IV eventually relented and ruled under

140-469: The French administration from 1847 until 1877. She attempted to install her children in positions of power in Tahiti and the Leeward Islands. Three of her children were to become monarchs in their own right: King Pōmare V of Tahiti (r. 1877–1880), Queen Teriʻimaevarua II of Bora Bora (r. 1860–1873), King Tamatoa V of Raiatea-Tahaa (r. 1857–1871). Pōmare IV died on 17 September 1877. She is buried in

160-597: The Queen repudiating it on the ground that Tapoa was sterile. On 5 December 1832, Pōmare was married again, this time to her first cousin, Tenaniʻa Ariʻifaʻaite a Hiro (10 January 1820 – 6 August 1873). By her second husband, she had issue: List of monarchs of Tahiti This is a list of monarchs of Tahiti , all of which belonged to the Pōmare dynasty . They carried the title Ari'i rahi . Descending dotted lines denote adoptions. In 2006, Tauatomo Mairau claimed to be

180-546: The Royal Mausoleum, Papaʻoa, ʻArue . She was succeeded by Pōmare V , who reigned 1877–1880. In December 1822, Pōmare married the future King Tapoa II of Taha'a and Bora Bora. In 1830, Tahiti was visited by HMS Seringapatam , and her captain William Waldegrave noted in his diary with some surprise that Pōmare was then sixteen years old and married but had no children. The marriage remained childless and ended with

200-460: The Tahitians when first discovered were made of stone, bone, shell or wood. The Tahitians were divided into three major classes (or castes ): ariʼ , raʼatira and manahune . Ariʼi were relatively few in number while manahune constituted the bulk of population and included some members who played essential roles in the society. It is estimated that by the first contact with Europeans in 1767

220-479: The heir to the Tahitian throne, and attempted to re-assert the status of the monarchy in court. His claims were not recognized by France. On 28 May 2009, Joinville Pōmare , an adopted member of the Pōmare family, declared himself King Pōmare XI, during a ceremony attended by descendants of leading chiefs but spurned by members of his own family. Other members of the family recognised his uncle, Léopold Pōmare , as heir to

SECTION 10

#1732851924570

240-461: The island. The 1881 census enumerated about 5,960 indigenous Tahitians. The recovery continued in spite of a few more epidemics. The Pōmare Dynasty rose to prominence in the early 1790s from a ruling Tahitian family aided by protection from British mercenaries from the mutineers off the Bounty . On 29 June 1880 King Pōmare V agreed to a treaty of annexation with the French. On 9 September 1842 there

260-567: The land. Tahitians The first Polynesian settlers arrived in Tahiti around 400 AD by way of Samoan navigators and settlers via the Cook Islands . Over the period of half a century there was much inter-island relations with trade, marriages and Polynesian expansion with the Islands of Hawaii and through to Rapanui . The original Tahitians cleared land for cultivation on the fertile volcanic soils and built fishing canoes . The tools of

280-421: The population of Tahiti was most probably around 110,000 or even reached 180,000. Other Society Islands held probably 15,000-20,000 people. Tahitians divided the day into the periods of daylight ( ao ) and darkness ( pō ). There was also a concept of irrational fear called mehameha , translated as uncanny feelings. The healers, familiar with herbal remedies, were called taʼata rāʼau or taʼata rapaʼau . In

300-687: The problems of Tahitian identification in contemporary French Polynesia . Tahitian peasants and workers call themselves the "true Tahitians" ( Taʼata Tahiti Mau ) to distinguish from part-Europeans ( Taʼata ʼafa Popaʼa ). At the same time demis quite frequently identify themselves as indigenous people in terms of culture and political affiliation. Such Tahitian activists as Pouvanaa a Oopa , Francis Sanford and Charlie Ching and Catholic bishops Michel-Gaspard Coppenrath and Hubert Coppenrath are of demi ancestry. Many natives were painted from life by Paul Gauguin , who gave Tahitian titles to his works. In Ea haere ia oe ( Where Are You Going? ), for example,

320-502: The throne. He attempted to have royal trust lands returned to him and his family. The French government mortgaged the land after World War II , and in doing so violated the terms of the agreement signed with Pōmare V in 1880 which reserved control of the trust lands for the royal family of Tahiti. The banks may be in the process of freezing the assets, and Mairau sued to prevent native Tahitians from being evicted from his trust lands, and wished for them to retain their usage rights over

340-511: The war canoes with muskets, quarterdeck guns and then cannons. The Tahitian chief Obera (Purea) ordered peace offerings from her people after this battle and Wallis and the Tahitians departed on amicable terms when he left on 27 July 1767. A few months later the French arrived on 2 April 1768 with the ships Boudeuse and Etoile captained by Louis-Antoine de Bougainville . In the 1790s European whalers arrived bringing with them alcohol and prostitution and missionaries with their religion. In

360-509: Was Pōmare I . She succeeded as ruler of Tahiti after the death of her brother Pōmare III when she was only 14 years old. In 1843, the French declared Tahiti a French protectorate and installed a governor at Papeete . She fought in vain against French intervention, writing to the King Louis Philippe I of France and Queen Victoria , asking in vain for British intervention, and exiling herself to Raiatea in protest. What followed

380-511: Was a protectorate treaty signed between Tahitians and the French. The agreement was for the "protection of indigenous property and the maintenance of a traditional judicial system". In 1958 the islands in the area including Tahiti were "reconstituted as a French Overseas Territory and renamed French Polynesia". In 2013 the United Nations relisted French Polynesia as a territory to be decolonised. Three hundred Tahitian volunteers fought in

400-458: Was the bloody French-Tahitian War which lasted from 1843 to 1847, involving every kingdom of the Society Islands . The Tahitians suffered many casualties, but the French losses were also great. Although the British never assisted the Tahitians, they actively condemned France and war nearly broke between the two powers in the Pacific. These conflicts ended in the defeat of the Tahitian forces at

#569430