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58-557: The following is a list of characters from the wuxia novel The Legend of the Condor Heroes by Jin Yong . Some of these characters are fictionalised personas of, or are based on, actual historical figures, such as Wang Chongyang , Qiu Chuji , Duan Zhixing , Genghis Khan and Jebe . The "Seven Freaks of Jiangnan" ( 江南七怪 ) is a group of seven martial artists from Jiangnan who teach Guo Jing martial arts and Han Chinese culture. Ke Zhen'e

116-452: A strategy game featuring several martial arts schools which commonly appear in wuxia fiction. The wuxia genre continues to be drawn as a pool of inspiration or source material for Chinese video game studios. In June 2022, Tencent's Lightspeed Studio released a demo trailer on Code: To Jin Yong . In the following month, Everstone Studio unveiled Where Winds Meet , a game compared to Ghost of Tsushima and Assassin's Creed . 2023 saw

174-407: A backdrop. Elements of fantasy, such as the use of magic powers and appearance of supernatural beings, are common in some wuxia stories but are not a prerequisite of the wuxia genre. However, the martial arts element is a definite part of a wuxia tale, as the characters must know some form of martial arts. Themes of romance are also strongly featured in some wuxia tales. A typical wuxia story features

232-456: A banquet to entertain King Liao of Wu and ambushed his soldiers in the basement. King Liao of Wu desired grilled fish but remained vigilant. He sent troops from the palace to Prince Guang's mansion. After a few rounds of drinks, Prince Guang pretended to have a foot ailment and went to the basement to rest. Zhuan Zhu followed the plan, concealing a dagger inside a grilled fish and presenting it. When

290-513: A certain pattern: a tragic event occurs, usually one that costs the lives of the newly introduced characters, and then it sets events into motion that will culminate in the primary action of the story. Other stories use different structures. For instance, the protagonist is denied admission into a martial arts school. He experiences hardships and trains secretly and waits until there is an opportunity for him to show off his skills and surprise those who initially looked down on him. Some stories feature

348-583: A corrupt government, played an influential role in the development of jianghu (Jianghu is the setting that wuxia stories inhabit. Literally meaning "rivers and lakes", Jianghu settings are fictionalized versions of China which focus on social underworlds and the marginalized figures which inhabit them." ) culture in later centuries. Romance of the Three Kingdoms is also seen as a possible early antecedent and contains classic close-combat descriptions that were later emulated by wuxia writers in their works In

406-438: A formidable martial artist and intelligent problem-solver, embarks on a quest to solve a mystery such as a murder case. Huang Yi's stories are blended with science fiction. Despite these genre-blending elements, wuxia is primarily a historical genre of fiction. Notwithstanding this, wuxia writers openly admit that they are unable to capture the entire history of a course of events and instead choose to structure their stories along

464-606: A franchise of eight video games, two of which were adapted into the television series Chinese Paladin (2005) and Chinese Paladin 3 (2009). There are also MMORPGs , such as JX Online 3 , Heroes of Kung Fu and Age of Wulin , and hack and slash games, such as Bujingai and Heavenly Sword . Games adapted from the works of wuxia writers include Heroes of Jin Yong , an RPG based on characters in Jin Yong 's novels; Dragon Oath , an MMORPG inspired by Jin Yong's Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils ; and Martial Kingdoms ,

522-405: A later period. Chen Yu-hui is a contemporary female wuxia novelist who made her debut with the novel The Tian-Guan Duo Heroes (天觀雙俠). There have also been works created after the 1980s which attempt to create a post-wuxia genre. Yu Hua , one of the more notable writers from this period, published a counter-genre short story titled Blood and Plum Blossoms , in which the protagonist goes on

580-544: A martial artist attending underground fights. The Mulan remake in 2020 was Disney 's attempt in making a wuxia movie. In 2021, Marvel 's Shang-Chi opens with a wuxia sequence and has action sequences inspired by Jackie Chan. Some notable wuxia video games of the action RPG genre include The Legend of Sword and Fairy , Xuan-Yuan Sword , Jade Empire , and Kingdom of Paradise , all of which blend wuxia with elements of Chinese mythology and fantasy. The Legend of Sword and Fairy , in particular, expanded into

638-681: A master or training with a group of fighters. Menpai is often translated as sect, school, society, church, house, or cult. Members of the same menpai follow the guidance and train under the same leader. If the members of the menpai are related, then it can be translated as clan. Since some of the menpai are religiously affiliated, "sect" has come to be a common translation for the non-family based menpai. However, it would be inaccurate to use sect to denote menpais that are not associated with religion. Notable modern wuxia writers include: New and original wuxia writings have dwindled significantly in modern times, particularly so as patronage and readerships of

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696-485: A mature hero with powerful martial arts abilities confronting an equally powerful antagonist as his nemesis. The plot will gradually meander to a final dramatic showdown between the protagonist and his nemesis. These types of stories were prevalent during the era of anti- Qing revolutionaries. Certain stories have unique plots, such as those by Gu Long and Huang Yi . Gu Long's works have an element of mystery and are written like detective stories. The protagonist, usually

754-498: A quest to avenge his murdered father. Wuxia as a genre has also spread to Korean literature. The shared themes in both culture seem to be honor, revenge, martial sects and mystical prowess. While Chinese wuxia stories incorporate Daoist and Buddhist philosophy, Korean adaptations tend to put more weight in Confucius principles. Korean historical dramas depict martial arts but tend to downplay the mysticism though there are stories where it

812-670: A remarkable talent. Wu Zixu fled to the state of Wu after his father and brother were unjustly killed by the King of Chu. He went to see the King Liao of Wu, and tried to persuade him to attack Chu, but was stopped by Liao's nephew, Prince Guang , who wanted to avenge his own personal grudge. Wu Zixu knew that Helü of Wu wanted to kill King Liao and thought to himself, "He has his own plans, and I can't talk to him about outside matters." So he recommended Zhuan Zhu to Helü of Wu. After Prince Guang acquired Zhuan Zhu, he treated him as an honored guest and showed respect to his mother. Zhuan Zhu inquired about

870-617: A symbol of personal freedom, defiance to Confucian tradition, and rejection of the Chinese family system. Xiang Kairan (pen name Pingjiang Buxiaosheng ) became the first notable wuxia writer, with his debut novel being The Peculiar Knights-Errant of the Jianghu (江湖奇俠傳). It was serialised from 1921 to 1928 and was adapted into the first wuxia film, The Burning of the Red Lotus Temple (1928). Zhao Huanting (趙煥亭), who wrote Chronicles of

928-441: A young male protagonist who experiences a tragedy – such as the loss of his loved ones – and goes on to undertake several trials and tribulations to learn several forms of martial arts from various fighters. At the end of the story, he emerges as a powerful fighter whom few can equal. He uses his abilities to follow the code of xia and mends the ills of the jianghu . For instance, the opening chapters of some of Jin Yong's works follow

986-555: Is a choreographer who achieved fame by crafting action-sequences in wuxia films. Wuxia was introduced to Hollywood studios in 2000 by Ang Lee 's Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon , though influence of the genre was previously seen in the United States in the 1970s television series Kung Fu . Following in Lee's footsteps, Zhang Yimou made Hero , targeted for the international market in 2002, House of Flying Daggers in 2004, Curse of

1044-404: Is a compound composed of the elements wǔ ( 武 , literally "martial", "military", or "armed") and xiá ( 俠 , literally "chivalrous", " vigilante " or "hero"). A martial artist who follows the code of xia is often referred to as a xiákè ( 俠客 , literally "follower of xia ") or yóuxiá ( 遊俠 , literally "wandering xia "). In some translations, the martial artist

1102-438: Is instead embraced like the seeries Gu family book . The influence of Wuxia can also be found in games, manhwa and light novel in which the settings are depicted in ancient times with distinct wuxia aesthetics. Modern wuxia stories are largely set in ancient or pre-modern China . The historical setting can range from being quite specific and important to the story, to being vaguely-defined, anachronistic, or mainly for use as

1160-534: Is located on the east ridge of Hongshan Mountain in Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , China. It is a small mound that is about 2 meters high and 10 meters in diameter. The tomb is surrounded by a stone wall and there is a stele in front of the tomb that tells the story of Zhuan Zhu. The Zhuan Zhu Pagoda was located in Doulou Lane, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province , China. It was a tall pagoda that was said to have been built by Helü,

1218-644: Is referred to as a jiànxiá ( 劍俠 ) or jiànkè ( 劍客 ), either of which can be interpreted as a "swordsman" or "swordswoman", even though they may not necessarily wield a sword. The heroes in wuxia fiction typically do not serve a lord, wield military power, or belong to the aristocratic class. They often originate from the lower social classes of ancient Chinese society. A code of chivalry usually requires wuxia heroes to right and redress wrongs, fight for righteousness, remove oppressors, and bring retribution for past misdeeds. Chinese xia traditions may be compared to martial codes from other cultures, such as

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1276-456: Is traditionally a form of historical fantasy literature, its popularity has caused it to be adapted for such diverse art forms as Chinese opera , manhua , television dramas, films, and video games. It forms part of popular culture in many Chinese-speaking communities around the world. According to Hong Kong film director, producer, and movie writer Ronny Yu , wuxia movies are not to be confused with martial arts movies . The word " wǔxiá "

1334-581: The Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. The former is a romanticised historical retelling of the events in the late Eastern Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, while the latter criticises the deplorable socio-economic status of the late Northern Song dynasty. Water Margin is often seen as the first full-length wuxia novel: the portrayal of the 108 heroes , and their code of honour and willingness to become outlaws rather than serve

1392-613: The Qing dynasty (1644-1911), further developments were the gong'an (公案; literally "public case") and related detective novels, where xia and other heroes, in collaboration with a judge or magistrate, solved crimes and battled injustice. The Justice Bao stories from Sanxia Wuyi (三俠五義; later extended and renamed to Qixia Wuyi ) and Xiaowuyi (小五義), incorporated much of social justice themes of later wuxia stories. Xiayi stories of chivalrous romance, which frequently featured female heroes and supernatural fighting abilities, also surfaced during

1450-712: The Shaw Brothers Studio featured sophisticated action choreography using wire and trampoline assisted acrobatics combined with sped-up camera techniques. The storylines in the early films were loosely adapted from existing literature. Cheng Pei-pei , Jimmy Wang and Connie Chan are among the better known wuxia movie stars in the 1960s–70s, when films made by King Hu and the Shaw Brothers Studio were most prominent. More recent wuxia movie actors and actresses include Jet Li , Brigitte Lin , Michelle Yeoh , Donnie Yen , Tony Leung and Zhang Ziyi . Yuen Woo-ping

1508-892: The Shi Ji , Sima Qian detailed several embryonic features of xia culture from his period. These popular phenomena were also documented in other historical records such as the Book of Han and the Book of the Later Han . Xiake stories made a turning point in the Tang dynasty (618–907) and returned in the form of chuanqi (傳奇; literally "legendary tales"). Stories from that era, such as Nie Yinniang (聶隱娘), The Kunlun Slave , Thirteenth Madame Jing ( 荊十三娘 ), Red String (紅線) and The Bearded Warrior (虬髯客), served as prototypes for modern wuxia stories. They featured fantasies and isolated protagonists – usually loners – who performed daring heroic deeds. During

1566-585: The Song dynasty (960–1279), similar stories circulated in the huaben , short works that were once thought to have served as prompt-books for shuochang (traditional Chinese storytelling). The genre of the martial or military romance also developed during the Tang dynasty. In the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), Luo Guanzhong and Shi Nai'an wrote Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Water Margin respectively, which are among

1624-990: The Spring and Autumn period . Some well-known stories include Zhuan Zhu 's assassination of King Liao of Wu , and most notably, Jing Ke 's attempt on the life of the King of Qin (who later became Qin Shi Huang ). In Volume 86 of the Records of the Grand Historian ( Shi Ji ), Sima Qian mentioned five notable assassins – Cao Mo , Zhuan Zhu , Yu Rang , Nie Zheng and Jing Ke – in the Warring States period who undertook tasks of conducting political assassinations of aristocrats and nobles. These assassins were known as cike (刺客; literally "stabbing guests"). They usually rendered their loyalties and services to feudal lords and nobles in return for rewards such as riches and women. In Volume 124 of

1682-504: The jianghu , martial artists are expected to be loyal to their master ( Shifu ). This gives rise to the formation of several complex trees of master-apprentice relations as well as the various schools such as Shaolin and Wudang . If there are any disputes between fighters, they will choose the honourable way of settling their issues through fighting in duels. The martial arts in wuxia stories are based on wushu techniques and other real life Chinese martial arts . In wuxia tales, however,

1740-571: The 1920s. Extant early wuxia films produced in China include Red Heroine (1929), Woman Warrior White Rose (1929), and Woman Warrior of the Wild River 6: Rumble at Deerhorn Gully (1930), the sixth film in a series. Hua Mu Lan (1939), another surviving film, is considered a representative of the second wave of wuxia films, during the Anti-Japanese War. Films directed by King Hu and produced by

1798-523: The Golden Flower in 2006 and Shadow in 2018. Western audiences were also introduced to wuxia through Asian television stations in larger cities, which featured miniseries such as Warriors of the Yang Clan and Paradise , often with English subtitles. Ash Is Purest White (Chinese: 江湖儿女; 'Sons and Daughters of Jianghu'), a 2018 Chinese drama directed by Jia Zhangke, is a modern film that refers to

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1856-455: The Japanese samurai bushidō . Even though the term "wuxia" as the name of a genre is a recent coinage, stories about xia date back more than 2,000 years. Wuxia stories have their roots in some early youxia tales from 300–200 BC. The Legalist philosopher Han Fei spoke disparagingly of youxias in his book Han Feizi in the chapter On Five 'Maggot' Classes about five social classes in

1914-978: The Loyal Knights-Errant (奇俠精忠傳, serialised 1923–27), was another well-known wuxia writer based in Shanghai. Starting from the 1930s, wuxia works proliferated and its centre shifted to Beijing and Tianjin in northern China. The most prolific writers there were collectively referred to as the Five Great Masters of the Northern School (北派五大家): Huanzhulouzhu , who wrote The Swordspeople from Shu Mountains (蜀山劍俠傳); Gong Baiyu (宮白羽), who wrote Twelve Coin Darts (十二金錢鏢); Wang Dulu , who wrote The Crane-Iron Pentalogy (鹤鉄五部作); Zheng Zhengyin (郑証因), who wrote The King of Eagle Claws (鹰爪王); Zhu Zhenmu (朱貞木), who wrote The Seven 'Kill' Stele (七殺碑). Wuxia fiction

1972-606: The Qing dynasty. Novels such as Shi Gong'an Qiwen (施公案奇聞) and Ernü Yingxiong Zhuan (兒女英雄傳) have been cited as the clearest nascent wuxia novels. The term "wuxia" as a genre label itself first appeared at the end of the Qing dynasty, a calque of the Japanese " bukyō ", a genre of oft-militaristic and bushido -influenced adventure fiction. The term was brought to China by writers such as Liang Qichao and students who hoped that China would modernise its military and place emphasis on martial virtues, and it quickly became entrenched as

2030-464: The beginning of the fear of wives?". In truth, it was because Zhuan Zhu's wife held his mother's cane. Zhuan Zhu was so filial that he regarded the cane as his mother; thus, he followed his wife home. At that time, the great Chu general, Wu Zixu , fled from Chu to Wu and met Zhuan Zhu. He was surprised that Zhuan Zhu was afraid of women, so Zhuan Zhu told him: "Those who can submit to a woman can surely stretch out above ten thousand men." Wu Zixu saw him as

2088-553: The cities of Liu and Lin in Chu, and he sent Yanling Jizi to observe the movements of other vassal states in the Jin region. Chu's forces intercepted Gaiyu and Zhuyong, cutting off their retreat, thus preventing the Wu troops from withdrawing. At this moment, Prince Guang said to Zhuan Zhu, "This is an opportunity that cannot be missed. If we don't act now, how can we seize it? Besides, I am the rightful heir to

2146-517: The first three in The Matrix film series (1999–2003, the fourth film from 2021 was choreographed by Joshua Grothe ) and the Kill Bill films from 2003 to 2004, all of which were choregraphed by Yuen Woo-ping . Perhaps the most successful example was DreamWorks Animation 's media franchise Kung Fu Panda . Created as an earnest, if humorous, emulation by producers who were knowledgeable admirers of

2204-456: The fish was delivered to King Liao, Zhuan Zhu suddenly tore open the fish's belly, took out the dagger, and stabbed King Liao, piercing through three layers of armor. King Liao died on the spot, and his guards simultaneously killed Zhuan Zhu. Taking advantage of the chaos among King Liao's soldiers, Prince Guang immediately sent his soldiers to kill all of King Liao's soldiers and proclaimed himself king, namely King Helü of Wu. After Helü ascended

2262-461: The founding of a "new school" of the wuxia genre that differed largely from its predecessors. They wrote serials for newspapers and magazines. They also incorporated several fictional themes such as mystery and romance from other cultures. In Taiwan, Wolong Sheng , Sima Ling , Zhuge Qingyun (諸葛青雲), Shiao Yi (萧逸) and Gu Long became the region's best known wuxia writers. After them, writers such as Woon Swee Oan and Huang Yi rose to prominence in

2320-457: The genre decimated due to readily available alternatives in entertainment such as DVDs, gaming consoles, and other newer forms of entertainment. However, the genre has persisted in the form of manhua (Chinese comics) in places like Hong Kong and Taiwan, with the core essentials of the wuxia genre living on in weekly editions equivalent to the Japanese manga . Some notable comic artists are listed as follows: The earliest wuxia films date back to

2378-537: The genre, the series has been particularly hailed in China as an excellent contribution to the form. From the 1990s–2000s, Hong Kong stars Daniel Wu and Stephen Fung have worked with AMC Networks to bring wuxia to a US television audience with Into the Badlands , which premiered in 2015 and ran for three seasons. In 2013, Keanu Reeves directed and starred as the main antagonist in Man of Tai Chi , with Tiger Chen as

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2436-408: The importance of vengeance is controversial, as a number of wuxia works stress Buddhist ideals, which include forgiveness, compassion and a prohibition on killing. While borrowing ideas from the better known Confucian values, the root of Xia originated from the lesser known Mohism , which in the Warring States period saw a few Mohists stood up to defend kingdoms being attacked by other kingdoms. In

2494-507: The king of Wu, in honor of Zhuan Zhu, a loyal retainer who assassinated King Liao of Wu. The pagoda was a popular tourist destination in Wuxi. It was a reminder of Zhuan Zhu's loyalty and sacrifice, and it was a symbol of the power of one person to change the course of history. Unfortunately, the pagoda was demolished during the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s. Zhuan Zhu Lane is located in

2552-624: The mastery of such skills are highly exaggerated to superhuman levels of achievement and prowess. The following is a list of skills and abilities a typical fighter in a wuxia story possesses: In wuxia stories, characters attain the above skills and abilities by devoting themselves to years of diligent study and exercise, but can also have such power conferred upon them by a master who transfers his energy to them. The instructions to mastering these skills through training are found in secret manuals known as miji (秘笈). In some stories, specific skills can be learned by spending several years in seclusion with

2610-488: The pattern of the protagonist's progression from childhood to adulthood instead. The progression may be symbolic rather than literal, as observed in Jin Yong's The Smiling, Proud Wanderer , where Linghu Chong progresses from childish concerns and dalliances into much more adult ones as his unwavering loyalty repeatedly thrusts him into the rocks of betrayal at the hands of his inhumane master. The eight common attributes of

2668-408: The preferences of King Liao of Wu and learned that he loved "grilled fish." So he went to the shore of Lake Tai to learn the art of grilling fish. The fish he grilled had a unique flavor. In the spring of the following year, after the death of King Ping of Chu in 516 BCE, King Liao of Wu saw Chu mourning its deceased ruler. He dispatched his brothers Prince Guang and Zhuyong to lead troops to besiege

2726-604: The release of " Hero's Adventure: Road to Passion " in November, a wuxia-inspired open world RPG as well as Wandering Sword in September, a RPG using HD2D pixel art style. Zhuan Zhu Zhuan Zhu came from a butcher family and was extremely filial to his mother. According to the Yue Jue Shu, "Zhuan Zhu fought with others and had the courage to face ten thousand men. When he heard his wife call, he would immediately return. Isn't this

2784-535: The term used to refer to xiayi and other predecessors of wuxia proper. In Japan, however, the term "bukyō" faded into obscurity. Many wuxia works produced during the Ming and Qing dynasties were lost due to the governments' crackdown on and banning of such works. Wuxia works like Water Margin were deemed responsible for brewing anti-government sentiments, which led to rebellions in those eras. The departure from mainstream literature also meant that patronage of this genre

2842-643: The throne, he appointed Zhuan Zhu's son Zhuan Yi as the Grand Marshal. He also gave Zhuan Zhu a generous funeral in accordance with his wish to be buried next to the tomb of Taibo. According to Wang Ao's Records of Gusu , Zhuan Zhu's tomb is located inside the Panmen Gate next to the Temple of Wudaifu (Wu Zixu), but there is no trace of it today. The Fish Intestine Sword, also known as the Fish Concealed Sword,

2900-412: The throne. Even if Jizi returns, he won't depose me." Zhuan Zhu replied, "King Liao can be killed. Currently, he is old and weak, and his two brothers are leading troops to attack Chu, but they have been cut off by Chu, leaving Wu surrounded. Moreover, there are no capable ministers in Wu's court. What can they do to us?" Prince Guang hurriedly kneeled down and said, "My fate is in your hands!". Zhuan Zhu

2958-552: The underworld interpretation of jianghu. It was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival. The story is loosely based on the leader of a gang from Jia Zhangke's childhood, whom he had admired as a role model. Like the rest of Jia's films, it opened to widespread acclaim. There have been Western attempts at the genre, such as the 2008 film The Forbidden Kingdom , which starred Jackie Chan , Jet Li and Michael Angarano ; other movies including wuxia elements are

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3016-540: The water, and upon his return, he found his mother had already hanged herself in the back hall. His mother's sacrifice relieved Zhuan Zhu of his worries about his family and spurred him on to accomplish his mission. This account is sourced from The Records of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty States as it is not mentioned in Annals of Wu and Yue or Records of the Grand Historian . In April 515 BC, Prince Guang prepared

3074-589: The xia are listed as benevolence, justice, individualism, loyalty, courage, truthfulness, disregard for wealth, and desire for glory. Apart from individualism, these characteristics are similar to Confucian values such as ren (仁; "benevolence", "kindness"), zhong (忠; "loyalty"), yong (勇; "courage", "bravery") and yi (義; "righteousness"). The code of xia also emphasises the importance of repaying benefactors after having received deeds of en (恩; "grace", "favour") from others, as well as seeking chou (仇; "vengeance", "revenge") to bring villains to justice. However,

3132-507: Was banned at various times during the Republican era and these restrictions stifled the growth of the genre. In 1949, China also banned martial arts novels as vulgar reading. In Taiwan, the government banned several wuxia works in 1959. Despite this, wuxia prevailed in other Chinese-speaking regions. In Hong Kong, between the 1960s and 1980s, the genre entered a golden age . Writers such as Liang Yusheng and Louis Cha ( Jin Yong ) spearheaded

3190-413: Was blinded many years ago in a fight against Mei Chaofeng and Chen Xuanfeng. Zhang Asheng is killed by Chen Xuanfeng while the rest except Ke Zhen'e are murdered by Ouyang Feng and Yang Kang later. Wuxia Wuxia ( 武俠 [ù.ɕjǎ] , literally "martial arts and chivalry") is a genre of Chinese fiction concerning the adventures of martial artists in ancient China. Although wuxia

3248-462: Was limited to the masses and not to the literati, which led to the stifling of the development of the wuxia genre. Nonetheless, the wuxia genre remained enormously popular with the common people. The modern wuxia genre rose to prominence in the early 20th century after the May Fourth Movement of 1919. A new literature evolved, calling for a break with Confucian values, and the xia emerged as

3306-470: Was moved by Prince Guang's kindness and decided to repay him with his life, but he was concerned about his mother. Before departing, he returned home to visit his mother. She told Zhuan Zhu that a great man should be remembered in history while standing between heaven and earth. She urged him not to regret his whole life because of trivial family matters. She then pretended to be thirsty and asked Zhuan Zhu to fetch some clear water for her. Zhuan Zhu went to fetch

3364-421: Was the dagger used by Zhuan Zhu to assassinate King Liao of Wu. It is said that the blade had patterns resembling fish scales, which was the result of the complicated process used to forge it. The purpose of this was to be able to pierce through the armor worn by King Liao under his clothes. It was also called the "Fish Intestine Sword" because it was eventually hidden in the belly of a fish. The Tomb of Zhuan Zhu

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