A commune ( Vietnamese : xã ) is a type of third tier subdivision of Vietnam. It is divided into 11,162 units along with wards and townships , which have an equal status.
21-494: Quảng Minh may refer to several rural communes in Vietnam , including: Quảng Minh, Thanh Hóa , a commune of Sầm Sơn Quảng Minh, Quảng Bình , a commune of Ba Đồn Quảng Minh, Quảng Ninh , a commune of Hải Hà District Quảng Minh, Bắc Giang , a commune of Việt Yên District See also [ edit ] Quang Minh (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
42-490: A centrally-governed city. Politically, a xã was governed by a xã trưởng, usually a government official assigned by the District head. The xã trưởng was assisted by a hội đồng xã (commune council), made up of a sherriff, treasurer, administrative official and home affairs official. In 1957, South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem launched a counter-insurgency project known as Strategic Hamlet Program , in order to isolate
63-478: A comprehensive rearrangement of administrative units in order to streamline the apparatus of local authorities. The re-organisation, conducted in two periods, between 2020 and 2023 and between 2023 and 2030, comprises forced mergers of several districts and commune-level administrative units and localities. As of April 2023, the number of third-level subdivision units dropped to 10,598 units including 1,737 wards, 614 commune-level towns and 8,247 communes. This has been
84-403: A significant reduction from 11,162 in 2018. Certain small villages are not officially regarded as administrative communes. As of December 31, 2008, Vietnam had 9,111 communes. Thanh Hoá Province contained the highest number of communes (586) amongst all province-level administrative units, followed by Nghệ An Province with 436 and Hanoi with 408. Đà Nẵng , with only 11 communes, contained
105-437: Is an agriculturally rich and densely populated area. Most of the land is devoted to rice cultivation. Eight provinces , together with two municipalities (the capital Hanoi , and the port of Haiphong ) form the delta. It had a population of almost 23 million in 2019. In 2021, Paul Sidwell proposed that the locus of Proto- Austroasiatic languages was in this area about 4,000–4,500 years before present. The Hong River Delta
126-423: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Commune (Vietnam) Communes have a lower status than provincial cities , towns or districts . This subdivision has existed since 1428, when Emperor Lê Thái Tổ re-organised the country into five administrative levels. Xã 社 was the lowest level, equivalent to a village. Since 2019, Vietnam has undertaken
147-708: Is the cradle of the Vietnamese nation. Water puppetry originated in the rice paddies here. The region was bombed by United States warplanes during the Vietnam War . The region was designated as the Red River Delta Biosphere Reserve as part of UNESCO 's Man and the Biosphere Programme in 2004. Spanning some 150 km in width, the Red River Delta is located in the western coastal zone of
168-581: Is the flat low-lying plain formed by the Red River and its distributaries merging with the Thái Bình River in Northern Vietnam . Hồng (紅) is a Sino-Vietnamese word for "red" or "crimson". The delta has the smallest area but highest population and population density of all regions . The region, measuring some 15,000 square kilometres (6,000 sq mi) is well protected by a network of dikes . It
189-662: The Gulf of Tonkin . The Red River is the second largest river in Vietnam and one of the five largest rivers on the East Asia coast. Its catchment covers parts of China and Vietnam and its water and sediment discharges greatly influence the hydrology in the Gulf of Tonkin. In 2003, of the 78 million people in Vietnam, almost a third (24 million) live in the Red River basin, including over 17 million people in
210-525: The Đông Bắc (Northeast) region, three in the Bắc Trung Bộ (North Central Coast) region and one in the Nam Trung Bộ (South Central Coast) region. According to data extracted from General Statistics Office of Vietnam, there were 11,164 third-level (commune-level) administrative subdivisions. As of 2018 February, the number of third-level administrative subdivisions in Vietnam was 11,162. As of April 2023,
231-536: The French introduced reforms to the village councils, the latest of which saw the council shortened to a group of 7 members, however, the leader was selected among this group, not by villagers. Under the jurisdiction of State of Vietnam and South Vietnam, xã was the lowest administrative unit under quận (district). Xã existed in almost all urban and rural places in South Vietnam with the exception of Saigon . For example,
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#1732917535713252-409: The city centre of Vĩnh Long town lied in the area of xã Long Châu, Châu Thành district, Vĩnh Long province, despite it was a vibrant town centre. Communes that reached a higher urbanisation status could be elevated to the status of thị xã (literally 'urban commune') such as Rạch Giá , Biên Hòa, Nha Trang . In such case, the xã was recognised as an autonomous unit in the same level as a province or
273-437: The delta is also affected by seasonal storms , flooding , coastal erosion , silting , salt water intrusion , etc. Though the Red River Delta makes up only 5% of Vietnam's land, 30% of the country's population live there, making it the most densely populated part of the country. 80% of the population are employed in agriculture, but the agricultural lands of the delta amount to only about .3-.5 hectares per household, making
294-453: The delta itself. There are many large industrial zones in the Red River Delta clustering in Viet Tri , Hanoi, Haiphong and Nam Dinh . Most of the population works in rice cultivation but the delta region hosts other important economic activities such as fisheries , aquaculture , land reclamation for agriculture, harbor construction, mangrove forestry , etc. The socio-economic development in
315-461: The fewest. Counted together, the ten province-level administrative units containing the most communes—namely, Thanh Hoá (586), Nghệ An (436), Hanoi (408), Thái Bình (267), Phú Thọ (251), Hà Tĩnh (238), Hải Dương (234), Quảng Nam (210), Bắc Giang (207) and Lạng Sơn (207)—contain one-third of all the communes in Vietnam. Three of these are located in the Red River Delta region, three in
336-414: The limited supply of arable lands a significant constraint to improving living standards. Agriculturally the Red River Delta is the second most important rice-producing area in Vietnam, accounting for 20% of the national crop. Production of rice is close to optimal with very little yield gap to exploit and employing double cropping techniques to achieve close to maximum yields. However the rich soil of
357-602: The number of third-level units dropped to 10,598 units including 1,737 wards, 614 commune-level towns and 8,247 communes After ascending to the throne of Vietnam and established the Lê Dynasty, Lê Thái Tổ divided the country into đạo 道 (province), phủ 府, huyện 縣 (district or county), and xã 社 (commune). The leader of the basic administrative unit xã was titled xã quan 社官 , later renamed xã trưởng 社長. Xã were classified as đại xã 大社, trung xã 中社 and tiểu xã 小社 based on their population. The Nguyễn Dynasty (1802-1945) maintained xã as
378-468: The program to backfire drastically, decrease support for Diem's regime and increase sympathy for Communist efforts. After reunifying the country, xã remains the lowest administratrive unit in Vietnam. It continues to be the name of the lowest administrative unit in a rural district as well as the rural outskirts of larger provincial towns and cities. Red River Delta The Red River Delta or Hong River Delta ( Vietnamese : Đồng bằng sông Hồng )
399-510: The rural Vietnamese from contact with and influence by the communist National Liberation Front (NLF) . A number of "fortified villages", called "joint families" ( Vietnamese : liên gia ), were created throughout South Vietnam, consisting of villages that had been consolidated and reshaped to create a defensible perimeter. The peasants themselves would be given weapons and trained in self-defense. Several problems—including corruption, unnecessary amounts of forced relocation and poor execution—caused
420-427: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quảng_Minh&oldid=921906607 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
441-407: The smalles administrative unit. The name of the manager was renamed to lí trưởng 里長 by Emperor Minh Mạng in his 1831 administrative reforms. The lí trưởng was elected by villagers democratically among members of a legislative council called Hội đồng kỳ dịch or Hội đồng kỳ mục, which was made up of most educated people in the village. After successfully colonising Cochinchina and the whole Vietnam,
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