41°05′36″N 45°21′58″E / 41.09333°N 45.36611°E / 41.09333; 45.36611
21-635: Qazax ( Gazakh ; (listen) ) is a city in and the capital of the Gazakh District of Azerbaijan . It has a population of 20,900. Gazakh is a city and administrative district in the west of Azerbaijan, the "western gate" of Azerbaijan. In the 17–18th century, Gazakh was the capital of the Kazakh Sultanate . During the Russian Empire , the city was the administrative center of the Kazakh uezd of
42-588: A large urban transport system, mostly managed by the Ministry of Transportation . Some of the city's many prestigious residents include: poets Samad Vurgun , Molla Panah Vagif , Mirvarid Dilbazi and Nusrat Kasamanli , scholar Molla Vali Vidadi , lieutenant-general of the Russian imperial army Ali-Agha Shikhlinski , writer Ismayil Shykhly and wrestler Hasan Aliyev . Qazax District Qazax District ( Gazakh District ; Azerbaijani : Qazax rayonu )
63-744: Is an Azerbaijani breed of light riding horse . It is an ancient breed which underwent selective breeding in the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic in the twentieth century. It is one of four extant horse breeds in Azerbaijan, the others being the Karabakh , the Guba and the Shirvan . It may also be called Daliboz or Dilbaz . The Deliboz was a traditional local breed of Oriental type, with similarities to Persian and Turkoman horses; it
84-573: Is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan . Located in the northwest of the country, it belongs to the Gazakh-Tovuz Economic Region . The district borders the district of Aghstafa , and the Tavush Province of Armenia . Its capital and largest city is Gazakh . As of 2020, the district had a population of 98,400. It has two exclaves inside Armenia , which include the villages of Yukhari Askipara , Barkhudarly , Sofulu . Both of
105-511: Is served by a railway branch off the BTK railway at Aghstafa . Gazakh region is located in the west of Azerbaijan. It borders with Georgia for 9 km and with Armenia for 168 km. Gazakh region is located in the western part of the republic, in the western part of the vast Ganja-Gazakh plain, which starts from the slopes of the mountain range of the Lesser Caucasus and extends along the right bank of
126-535: The Caucasian Calendar , the population of the city in 1907 was 732 people, primarily Armenians with Tatars (later known as Azerbaijanis ) as a minority, and by 1910, the population was 1,050 people. According to the 1912 publication, the city had an Armenian plurality. According to the 1926 census of the USSR, 6,767 people lived in the city. In 1970, the city was home to about 13,000 people, in 1991, that number
147-860: The Elizavetpol Governorate . It is situated 10 km from the Aghstafa station of the Transcaucasus Railway . From 1905 to 1906, during the Armenian–Tatar massacres , many Armenian homes were burned and looted by Tatars (later known as Azerbaijanis ), as well as the Armenian school and church. Many Armenian inhabitants as a result fled to Tbilisi and other nearby Armenian-populated areas. From an Armenian perspective, these territories were historical Armenian provinces—which had been, factually, incorporated in various Armenian states —and therefore,
168-719: The Erivan Governorate and the Kars Oblast to Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA) and the Elisabethpol and Baku Governorates to the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) would solve the region's outstanding disputes. However, this proposal was rejected by both Armenians (who did not wish to give up their claims to Gazakh, Syunik , and Nagorno-Karabakh ) and Azerbaijanis (who did not wish to give up their claims to Nakhchivan ). As conflict broke out between
189-680: The Mongols , the Timurids , the Qara Qoyunlu and Aq Qoyunlu Turkoman tribes, and finally Safavid Iran . It was also ruled by Ottoman Empire between 1578 and 1607 and again 1722 and 1735. By the end of the XV century, the Kazakh Sultanate was established as a sovereign geopolitical entity in the region. Though it was part of the Karabakh principality during the Safavid Empire , Sultan Shamsaddin of Gazakh
210-646: The Gazakh region was initially contested between the Armenian and Azerbaijani SSRs. The Armenian name for the city is Ghazakh ( Armenian : Ղազախ , romanized : Ġazax ), and it is based on the Azerbaijani name itself. Another Armenian name is Koght (Կողթ). When the South Caucasus came under British occupation, Sir John Oliver Wardrop , British Chief Commissioner in the South Caucasus, decided that assigning
231-535: The Kura river. The highest elevation is "Odun" mountain (1316 meters). Its nature is mainly plain, the southern part is low mountainous. A memorial museum dedicated to Molla Panah Vagif and Molla Vali Vidadi is located in the city. The city has one professional football team, Goyazan Gazakh , currently competing in the second-flight of Azerbaijani football, the Azerbaijan First Division . Gazakh has
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#1732880589184252-454: The South Caucasus came under British occupation, Sir John Oliver Wardrop , British Chief Commissioner in the South Caucasus, decided that assigning the Erivan Governorate and the Kars Oblast to Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA) and the Elisabethpol and Baku Governorates to the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) would solve the region's outstanding disputes. However, this proposal
273-680: The exclaves and parts of mainland Qazax District (the villages of Baghanis Ayrum , Ashaghi Eskipara , Gyzylhajily , and Kheyrimli ) were captured by Armenian forces during the First Nagorno-Karabakh war . The region was conquered by a succession of neighboring powers or invaders, including Armenians , Sassanid Persians , the Byzantine Empire , the Arabs , the Seljuq Turks , the Georgians ,
294-563: The following ethnographic detail: "Abbas Mirza's route lay through the country of the great tribe of the Casaks, which is extremely strong and thickly wooded." He further notes that: "These have no connection with the Russian Cossacks . They are descended from men of the Kirgis Casaks, left by Genghis Khan . They are frequently called Karapapakh , from wearing black sheep-skin caps." When
315-552: The two groups, the British left the region in mid-1919. In 1930, Gazakh became the administrative center of Azerbaijan's Gazakh District . The area has major strategic importance for modern-day Azerbaijan-Georgia-Turkey regional communication and energy projects. During the First Nagorno-Karabakh War , Armenian troops took control of several villages of the Gazakh district. Several Azerbaijani inhabitants were killed during
336-792: The war although some of them were able to flee. In July 2020, Gazakh became a site for clashes with Armenia . In April 2024, Armenia and Azerbaijan reached an agreement whereby Armenia handed over four abandoned villages within Qazax District to Azerbaijan: Bağanis Ayrum , Aşağı Əskipara , Xeyrimli , and Qızılhacılı . There are 112 protected monuments in the region of Gazakh, of which 54 are archaeological, 46 are architectural, 7 are historical, and 5 are of artistic significance. Historic and tourist sites in this region include: 41°05′36″N 45°21′58″E / 41.0933°N 45.3661°E / 41.0933; 45.3661 Deliboz The Deliboz ( Azerbaijani : Diliboz atı )
357-465: The war whilst others were able to flee. In July 2020, Gazakh became a site for clashes with Armenia . According to the 1897 Russian Empire census, Gazakh had a population of 1,769—the linguistic composition was as follows: 802 (45.3%) Armenian , 601 (34.0%) Tatar (later known as Azerbaijani ), 251 Russian , Ukrainian , and Belarusian , 60 (3.4%) Georgian , 19 (1.1%) Greek , 11 (0.6%) Polish , and 23 (1.3%) other language speakers. According to
378-486: Was about 19,300 people. By 2013, there were about 21,000 people living in Gazakh (10,200 men and 10,800 women). The main occupations of the population are carpet making and horse breeding (specifically the Deliboz breed). The total population of the district is 98932 people as of 01.01.2021 The economy of Gazakh is partially agricultural, partially tourism-based, with some industries in operation. The Gazakh Cement Plant
399-576: Was distributed mainly in the Agstafa , Qazakh and Tovuz rayons of north-western Azerbaijan, and also in neighbouring areas of Armenia and Georgia . In the 1930s and 1940s, under the Soviet régime, a number of horses were selected from the general horse population as typical of the Deliboz type; some of these were crossed with Arab and Karabakh stallions . From the 1950s there was no further introgression from
420-679: Was given the rank of Khan by the decree of Abbas the Great in 1605. After the Russo-Persian War (1804–1813) , the Russian Empire gained control of the area by virtue of the Treaty of Gulistan . Under Russian rule, it was part of Tiflis Governorate before forming the northeastern part of the Kazakh Uyezd of the Elisabethpol Governorate in 1868. A contemporary military historian noted
441-523: Was rejected by both Armenians (who did not wish to give up their claims to Gazakh, Zangezur (today Syunik ), and Nagorno-Karabakh ) and Azerbaijanis (who did not wish to give up their claims to Nakhchivan ). As conflict broke out between the two groups, the British left the region in mid-1919. During the First Nagorno-Karabakh War , Armenian troops took control of several villages of the Gazakh District. Several Azerbaijani inhabitants were killed during
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