Misplaced Pages

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40-613: QRpedia was conceived by Roger Bamkin, a Misplaced Pages volunteer, coded by Terence Eden , and unveiled in April 2011. It is in use at museums and other institutions in countries including Australia , Bulgaria , the Czech Republic , Estonia , North Macedonia , Spain , India , the United Kingdom , Germany , Ukraine and the United States . The project's source code is freely reusable under

80-621: A challenge arise. Mobile Web The mobile web comprises mobile browser-based World Wide Web services accessed from handheld mobile devices , such as smartphones or feature phones , through a mobile or other wireless network . Traditionally, the World Wide Web has been accessed via fixed-line services on laptops and desktop computers. However, the web is now more accessible by portable and wireless devices. Early 2010 ITU (International Telecommunication Union) report said that with current growth rates, web access by people on

120-473: A challenge arise. Terence Eden QRpedia is a mobile Web -based system which uses QR codes to deliver Misplaced Pages articles to users, in their preferred language. A typical use is on museum labels , linking to Misplaced Pages articles about the exhibited object. QR codes can easily be generated to link directly to any Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), but the QRpedia system adds further functionality. It

160-452: A consortium of companies including Google, Microsoft, Nokia, Samsung, and Vodafone. By forcing sites to comply with mobile web standards, .mobi tries to ensure visitors a consistent and optimized experience on their mobile device. However, this domain has been criticized by several big names, including Tim Berners-Lee of the W3C , who said that providing different content to different devices "breaks

200-1013: A free testing tool called the MobiReady Report (see mobiForge ) to analyze the mobile readiness of website. Access to the mobile web was first commercially offered in 1996, in Finland, on the Nokia 9000 Communicator phone via the Sonera and Radiolinja networks. The first commercial launch of a mobile-specific browser-based web service was in 1999 in Japan when i-mode was launched by NTT DoCoMo . The mobile web primarily utilizes lightweight pages like this one written in Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) or Wireless Markup Language (WML) to deliver content to mobile devices. Many new mobile browsers are moving beyond these limits by supporting

240-519: A great extent, this is due to the rapid adoption of mobile phones themselves. For example, Morgan Stanley reports that the highest mobile phone adoption growth in 2006 was in Pakistan and India. Mobile internet has also been adopted in West Africa, and China had 155 million mobile internet users as of June 2009. The .mobi sponsored top-level domain was launched specifically for the mobile Internet by

280-503: A lower rate. In 2009 Yankee Group reported that 29% of all mobile phone users globally were accessing browser-based internet content on their phones. According to the BBC, in 2020 there were over 5 billion mobile phone users in the world. According to Statista there were 1.57 billion smartphone owners in 2014 and 2.32 billion in 2017. Many users in Europe and the United States are already users of

320-457: A multitude of applications continue to drive explosive growth for mobile internet traffic. The 2017 Virtual Network Index (VNI) report produced by Cisco Systems forecasts that by 2021, there will be 5.5 billion global mobile users (up from 4.9 billion in 2016). Additionally, the same 2017 VNI report forecasts that average access speeds will increase by roughly three times from 6.8 Mbit/s to 20 Mbit/s in that same period with video comprising

360-444: A wholly owned subsidiary of WMUK, and that following the agreement, the transfer of the domain names was an administrative process that could begin immediately. At least one Wikimedia chapter received letters alleging that QRpedia infringes various patents. Though WMUK believes that this is not the case and that the risk of litigation is not high, Cultural Outreach Limited was set up to hold QRpedia, in order to shield WMUK should such

400-442: A wholly owned subsidiary of WMUK, and that following the agreement, the transfer of the domain names was an administrative process that could begin immediately. At least one Wikimedia chapter received letters alleging that QRpedia infringes various patents. Though WMUK believes that this is not the case and that the risk of litigation is not high, Cultural Outreach Limited was set up to hold QRpedia, in order to shield WMUK should such

440-483: A wider range of Web formats, including variants of HTML commonly found on the desktop web. At one time, half the world had mobile phones. The articles in 2007-2008 were slightly misleading because the real story at the time was that the number of mobile phone subscriptions had reached half the population of the world. In reality, many people have more than one subscription. For example, in Hong Kong , Italy and Ukraine ,

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480-593: Is a portmanteau word, combining the initials "QR" from "QR ( Quick Response ) code" and "pedia" from "Misplaced Pages". The project's source code is freely reusable under the MIT License. Though created in the United Kingdom, QRpedia can be used in any location as long as the user's phone or tablet has a data signal (or remembers URLs until a signal is available) and is or has been in use at venues including: QRpedia also has uses outside of such institutions. For example,

520-480: Is a portmanteau word, combining the initials "QR" from "QR ( Quick Response ) code" and "pedia" from "Misplaced Pages". The project's source code is freely reusable under the MIT License. Though created in the United Kingdom, QRpedia can be used in any location as long as the user's phone or tablet has a data signal (or remembers URLs until a signal is available) and is or has been in use at venues including: QRpedia also has uses outside of such institutions. For example,

560-399: Is a version of the specified Misplaced Pages article in the language used by the device, and if so, returns it in a mobile-friendly format. If there is no version of the article available in the preferred language, then the QRpedia server offers a choice of the available languages, or a Google translation . In this way, one QRcode can deliver the same article in many languages, even when the museum

600-543: Is freely reusable under the MIT License . When a user scans a QRpedia QR code on their mobile device , the device decodes the QR code into a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) using the domain name " languagecode .qrwp.org" and whose path (final part) is the title of a Misplaced Pages article, and sends a request for the article specified in the URL to the QRpedia web server . It also transmits

640-440: Is owned and operated by a subsidiary of Wikimedia UK (WMUK). QRpedia was conceived by Roger Bamkin, a Misplaced Pages volunteer, coded by Terence Eden , and unveiled in April 2011. It is in use at museums and other institutions in countries including Australia , Bulgaria , the Czech Republic , Estonia , North Macedonia , Spain , India , the United Kingdom , Germany , Ukraine and the United States . The project's source code

680-467: Is the primary need to AMP. The three main types of AMP are AMP HTML , AMP JS , and Google AMP Cache . As of February 2018, Google requires the canonical page content to match the content on accelerated mobile pages. Mobile web access may suffer from interoperability and usability problems. Interoperability issues stem from the platform fragmentation of mobile devices, mobile operating systems , and browsers. Usability problems are centered on

720-455: Is unable to make its own translations. QRpedia also records usage statistics. QRpedia was conceived by Roger Bamkin, a Misplaced Pages volunteer, and Terence Eden, a mobile web consultant, and was unveiled on 9 April 2011 at Derby Museum and Art Gallery 's Backstage Pass event, part of the "GLAM/Derby" collaboration between the museum and Misplaced Pages, during which over 1,200 Misplaced Pages articles, in several languages, were also created. The project's name

760-486: The MIT License . When a user scans a QRpedia QR code on their mobile device , the device decodes the QR code into a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) using the domain name " languagecode .qrwp.org" and whose path (final part) is the title of a Misplaced Pages article, and sends a request for the article specified in the URL to the QRpedia web server . It also transmits the language setting of the device. The QRpedia server then uses Misplaced Pages's API to determine whether there

800-653: The Occupy movement have used it on campaign posters. In January 2012, QRpedia was one of four projects (from 79 entrants) declared the most innovative mobile companies in the UK of 2011 by the Smart UK Project, and thus chosen to compete at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, on 29 February 2012. The criteria were "to be effective, easy to understand and with global potential and impact". A conflict of interest case involving QRpedia

840-446: The Occupy movement have used it on campaign posters. In January 2012, QRpedia was one of four projects (from 79 entrants) declared the most innovative mobile companies in the UK of 2011 by the Smart UK Project, and thus chosen to compete at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, on 29 February 2012. The criteria were "to be effective, easy to understand and with global potential and impact". A conflict of interest case involving QRpedia

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880-503: The Web in a fundamental way". In the fall of 2015, Google announced it would be rolling out an open source initiative called " Accelerated Mobile Pages " or AMP. The goal of this project is to improve the speed and performance of content-rich pages which include video , animations , and graphics . Since the majority of the population now consumes the web through tablets and smartphones , having web pages that are optimized for these products

920-532: The bulk of the traffic (78%). According to BuzzCity, the mobile internet increased by 30% from Q1 to Q2 2011. In July 2012, approximately 10.5% of all web traffic occurred through mobile devices (up from 4% in December 2010). The distinction between mobile web applications and native applications is anticipated to become increasingly blurred, as mobile browsers gain direct access to the hardware of mobile devices (including accelerometers and GPS chips ), and

960-416: The development and adoption of faster networks, larger displays, and advanced smartphones based on Apple's iOS and Google's Android software. Mobile Internet refers to Internet access and mainly usage of Internet using a cellular telephone service provider or mobile wireless network. This wireless access can easily change to use a different wireless Internet (radio) tower as a mobile device user moves across

1000-432: The fixed internet when they first try the same experience on a mobile phone. Meanwhile, in other parts of the world, such as India , their first usage of the internet is on a mobile phone. Growth is fastest in parts of the world where the personal computer (PC) is not the first user experience of the internet. India, South Africa , Indonesia , and Saudi Arabia are seeing the fastest growth in mobile internet usage. To

1040-868: The go – via laptops and smart mobile devices – was likely to exceed web access from desktop computers within the following five years. In January 2014, mobile internet use exceeded desktop use in the United States. The shift to mobile Web access has accelerated since 2007 with the rise of larger multitouch smartphones, and since 2010 with the rise of multitouch tablet computers. Both platforms provide better Internet access, screens, and mobile browsers , or application-based user Web experiences than previous generations of mobile devices. Web designers may work separately on such pages, or pages may be automatically converted, as in Mobile Misplaced Pages . Faster speeds, smaller, feature-rich devices, and

1080-457: The language setting of the device. The QRpedia server then uses Misplaced Pages's API to determine whether there is a version of the specified Misplaced Pages article in the language used by the device, and if so, returns it in a mobile-friendly format. If there is no version of the article available in the preferred language, then the QRpedia server offers a choice of the available languages, or a Google translation . In this way, one QRcode can deliver

1120-487: The mobile phone penetration rate had passed 140% by 2009 . In 2009, the number of unique users of mobile phones had reached half the population of the planet when the ITU reported that the subscriber number was to reach 4.6 billion users which means 3.8 billion activated mobile phones in use, and 3.4 billion unique users of mobile phones. Mobile Internet data connections are following the growth of mobile phone connections, albeit at

1160-418: The problem of device diversity by establishing a technology to support a repository of device descriptions. W3C developed a validating scheme to assess the readiness of content for the mobile web, through its mobileOK Scheme , which aims to help content developers to determine if their content is web-ready. The W3C guidelines and mobileOK approach have faced criticism. mTLD, the registry for .mobi , released

1200-504: The qrpedia.org and qrwp.org domains, were to be transferred to the chapter at no cost. On 12 February 2013, two QRpedia related domain names were registered on behalf of WMUK. On 2 April 2013, WMUK announced that Roger Bamkin and Terence Eden were transferring ownership of QRpedia to Wikimedia UK. On 16 November 2013, WMUK announced that the agreement for the transfer had been signed and the IP rights in QRpedia were held by Cultural Outreach Limited,

1240-456: The qrpedia.org and qrwp.org domains, were to be transferred to the chapter at no cost. On 12 February 2013, two QRpedia related domain names were registered on behalf of WMUK. On 2 April 2013, WMUK announced that Roger Bamkin and Terence Eden were transferring ownership of QRpedia to Wikimedia UK. On 16 November 2013, WMUK announced that the agreement for the transfer had been signed and the IP rights in QRpedia were held by Cultural Outreach Limited,

QRpedia - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-423: The resignation of WMUK trustee Joscelyn Upendran. Shortly before her resignation on 31 August 2012, Upendran stated that "the charity has in effect agreed to take on responsibility [...] for a service that is 'co-owned' by a trustee", and suggested that "the conflict of interest may present a legal risk under charity and corporate law". On 9 February 2013, WMUK announced that the intellectual property in QRpedia, and

1320-421: The resignation of WMUK trustee Joscelyn Upendran. Shortly before her resignation on 31 August 2012, Upendran stated that "the charity has in effect agreed to take on responsibility [...] for a service that is 'co-owned' by a trustee", and suggested that "the conflict of interest may present a legal risk under charity and corporate law". On 9 February 2013, WMUK announced that the intellectual property in QRpedia, and

1360-525: The same article in many languages, even when the museum is unable to make its own translations. QRpedia also records usage statistics. QRpedia was conceived by Roger Bamkin, a Misplaced Pages volunteer, and Terence Eden, a mobile web consultant, and was unveiled on 9 April 2011 at Derby Museum and Art Gallery 's Backstage Pass event, part of the "GLAM/Derby" collaboration between the museum and Misplaced Pages, during which over 1,200 Misplaced Pages articles, in several languages, were also created. The project's name

1400-487: The service area. Cellular base stations that connect through the telephone system are more expensive to provide compared to a wireless base station that connects directly to the network of an internet service provider. A mobile broadband modem may " tethers " the smartphone to one or more devices to provide access to the Internet via the protocols that cellular telephone service providers offer. The Mobile Web Initiative (MWI)

1440-405: The speed and abilities of browser-based applications improve. Persistent storage and access to sophisticated user interface graphics functions may further reduce the need for the development of platform -specific native applications . The mobile web has also been called Web 3.0, drawing parallels to the changes users were experiencing as Web 2.0 websites proliferated. The mobile web

1480-523: Was first popularized by the Silicon Valley company, Unwired Planet. In 1997, Unwired Planet, Nokia, Ericsson, and Motorola started the WAP Forum to create and harmonize the standards to ease the transition to bandwidth networks and small display devices. The WAP standard was built on a three-layer, middleware architecture that fueled the early growth of the mobile web. It was made virtually irrelevant after

1520-453: Was identified as one of the "main incidents" leading to a 2012 review of the governance of Wikimedia UK (WMUK). The review found that the amount of time taken to resolve ownership caused the risk of outsiders perceiving a potential conflict of interest, and that Bamkin's acceptance of consultancy fees on projects (jointly funded by WMUK) involving QRpedia provided an opportunity for damage to the reputation of WMUK. This conflict of interest led to

1560-453: Was identified as one of the "main incidents" leading to a 2012 review of the governance of Wikimedia UK (WMUK). The review found that the amount of time taken to resolve ownership caused the risk of outsiders perceiving a potential conflict of interest, and that Bamkin's acceptance of consultancy fees on projects (jointly funded by WMUK) involving QRpedia provided an opportunity for damage to the reputation of WMUK. This conflict of interest led to

1600-425: Was set up by the W3C to develop the best practices and technologies relevant to the mobile web. The goal of the initiative is to make browsing the web from mobile devices more reliable and accessible. The main aim is to evolve standards of data formats from Internet providers that are tailored to the specifications of particular mobile devices. The W3C has published guidelines for mobile content , and aimed to address

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