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29-495: The villages of Hájov and Prchalov are administrative parts of Příbor. Although the name of the town literally means ' cutlery ', it is just a coincidence. It is not certain whether the Czech name Příbor originated earlier and the German name Freiberg was derived by transcription, or vice versa. If the Czech name is older, it was probably derived from při boru or při zboru , meaning "at

58-537: A pine forest" / "at a ruin". If the German name is older, Freiberg means "free castle" or "castle with free access". Some German language maps from the 19th century identify Příbor as Freyberg . Příbor is located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Nový Jičín and 20 km (12 mi) southwest of Ostrava . It lies in the Moravian-Silesian Foothills . The highest point is at 370 m (1,210 ft) above sea level. The Lubina River flows through

87-457: A popular biodegradable alternative. Bamboo (although not a wood) and maple are popular choices. Edible cutlery is made from dried grains. These are made primarily with rice, millets or wheat. Since rice cultivation needs a lot of water, manufacturers market millet based products as more environment friendly. The batter is baked in moulds which hardens it. Some manufacturers offer an option of flavoured cutlery. Edible cutlery decomposes in about

116-638: A sharp edge well, and is less likely to break in service. After fabrication, the knife had to be sharpened, originally on a grindstone , but from the late medieval period in a blade mill or (as they were known in the Sheffield region) a cutlers wheel. Introduced for convenience purposes (lightweight, no cleanup after the meal required), disposable cutlery made of plastic has become a huge worldwide market. Along with other disposable tableware (paper plates, plastic table covers, disposable cups , paper napkins , etc.), these products have become essential for

145-584: A somewhat complicated history, with the route and composition changing several times. In 1947 at a meeting of the Company of Cutlers in Hallamshire Ronald Matthews, a former holder of the office of Master Cutler and Chairman of the London and North Eastern Railway suggested that the 7.40 train from Sheffield Victoria to London Marylebone , returning at 18.15, should be named The Master Cutler . This

174-400: A week if disposed. At Sheffield the trade of cutler became divided, with allied trades such as razormaker , awl bladesmith, shearsmith and forkmaker emerging and becoming distinct trades by the 18th century. Before the mid 19th century when cheap mild steel became available due to new methods of steelmaking , knives (and other edged tools) were made by welding a strip of steel on to

203-553: Is called a cutler . While most cutlers were historically men, women could be cutlers too; Agnes Cotiller was working as a cutler in London in 1346, and training a woman apprentice, known as Juseana. The city of Sheffield in England has been famous for the production of cutlery since the 17th century and a train – the Master Cutler – running from Sheffield to London was named after

232-492: Is formed by a regular town square lined with burgher houses, which are mainly Renaissance with Baroque alterations. The Piarist monastery was founded here in 1694 by Karl II von Liechtenstein-Kastelkorn . It is a Baroque three-wing single-storey building. Today it houses the town museum, a library and an elementary art school. There are four churches in the town. The most important is the Romanesque-Gothic parish Church of

261-483: Is gaining popularity. Some manufacturers coat their products in food-safe plant oils, waxes and lemon juice for a longer shelf life making these safe for human use. Cutlery is then cured for a few days before leaving the manufacturing plant. Traditional centres of cutlery-making include: Master Cutler (train) The Master Cutler is a British named express passenger train operated by East Midlands Railway between Sheffield and London St Pancras . It has

290-409: Is made for disposable use, and is frequently used outdoors for camping , excursions , and barbecues for instance. Plastic cutlery is also commonly used at fast-food or take-away outlets and provided with airline meals in economy class. Plastic is also used for children's cutlery. It is often thicker and more durable than disposable plastic cutlery. Wooden disposable cutlery is available as

319-451: Is the traditional material from which good quality cutlery is made. Historically, silver had the advantage over other metals of being less chemically reactive. Chemical reactions between certain foods and the cutlery metal can lead to unpleasant tastes. Gold is even less reactive than silver, but the use of gold cutlery was confined to the exceptionally wealthy, such as monarchs. Steel was always used for more utilitarian knives, and pewter

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348-651: The South Yorkshireman and the Sheffield Continental . Currently the Master Cutler name is carried by the 07:33 departure from Sheffield and 17:02 departure from London St Pancras. This is identified by the 'M' in the notes at the top of the timetable for these particular services. The preserved Great Central Railway also runs re-enactments of the train on certain days using a rake of "Blood and Custard" Mark 1s . One of their locomotives used to work on

377-517: The fast food and catering industry. The products are emblematic of throw-away societies and the cause of millions of tons of non-biodegradable plastic waste . The European Union has banned such plastic products from 3 July 2021 as part of the European Plastics Strategy . Bans are also planned in the UK and Canada. As an ecofriendly alternative to non-degradable plastic, wooden cutlery

406-546: The spork ( sp oon / f ork ), spife ( sp oon / kn ife ), and knork ( kn ife / f ork ). The sporf or splayd combines all three. The word cutler derives from the Middle English word 'cuteler' and this in turn derives from Old French 'coutelier' which comes from 'coutel'; meaning knife (modern French: couteau). The word's early origins can be seen in the Latin word 'culter' (knife). Sterling silver

435-581: The Czech Teacher Institute operated here, from which a number of significant pedagogues and experts in education and culture came. The D48 motorway (part of the European route E462 ) from Nový Jičín to the Czech-Polish border passes through the town. Příbor is located on the railway line of local importance Veřovice – Studénka . Příbor is one of the oldest towns in the region. The historic centre

464-588: The Great Hall at the National Railway Museum , York. Palitoy produced under the Mainline Railways brand a train set called the Master Cutler containing a model of BR Blue Class 45 number 45039 The Manchester Regiment , two BR Blue/Grey MK1 SKs and a BSK. This was later changed to a BR Blue Class 31 number 31401, two BR Blue/Grey MK2D FOs and two BR Blue/Grey MK2D BSOs. Hornby has produced

493-540: The Midland line. It was later de-named, but the name was revived by InterCity in May 1987, for a daily train operated by InterCity 125 High Speed Trains. As part of the timetable changes on 14 December 2008, East Midlands Trains reverted the service to its post-1968 historic route, and it now operates from Sheffield to London St Pancras, via Chesterfield , Derby and Leicester, not starting from Leeds. Another change came with

522-620: The Nativity of the Virgin Mary with later Renaissance and Baroque adaptations. The church was founded together with the town, the current brick building dates from the 14th century. It is a very rugged building with a number of elements added later, dominated by a slender tall tower. The interior contains valuable rococo furniture. Other churches in the historic centre are the Church of the Holy Cross and

551-688: The following year, the service became the responsibility of the Eastern Region of British Railways . Known to staff simply as "The Cutler", the train carried a restaurant car and was generally hauled by a Gresley A3 Pacific . In 1958, passenger services on the former Great Central route were beginning to be run down, and on 15 September of that year the title of the train switched to a new Class 40 diesel hauled service from Sheffield Victoria to London King's Cross calling at Retford only via East Coast Main Line . On 28 September 1960, Pullman carriage stock

580-540: The former Piarist Church of Saint Valentine. Outside the historic centre is located the Church of Saint Francis of Assisi. The birthplace of Sigmund Freud is now a museum with an exhibition about his life and work. Příbor is twinned with: Cutlery Cutlery (also referred to as silverware , flatware , or tableware ) includes any hand implement used in preparing, serving, and especially eating food in Western culture . A person who makes or sells cutlery

609-538: The industry. Bringing affordable cutlery to the masses, stainless steel was developed in Sheffield in the early 20th century. The major items of cutlery in Western culture are the knife , fork and spoon . These three implements first appeared together on tables in Britain in the Georgian era . In recent times, hybrid versions of cutlery have been made combining the functionality of different eating implements, including

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638-516: The original trains during the 1950s, jointly-owned BR standard class 5 73156 ; restored at Loughborough on the Great Central Railway in 2017, in the guise of 73084 Tintagel. One of the train's headboards was presented to the Company of Cutlers by British Railways (Eastern Region) and Firth Vickers Stainless Steels Ltd on 21 April 1959, and another British Railways headboard is on display in

667-410: The piece of iron that was to be formed into a knife, or sandwiching a strip of steel between two pieces of iron. This was done because steel was then a much more expensive commodity than iron. Modern blades are sometimes laminated , but for a different reason. Since the hardest steel is brittle, a layer of hard steel may be laid between two layers of a milder, less brittle steel, for a blade that keeps

696-512: The town, especially Franz von Dietrichstein , who granted it a number of privileges. During the Thirty Years' War , the town burned down three times. The most destructive was the invasion of Swedish army in 1643. In the second half of the 17th century, the town recovered. In 1694, a Piarist gymnasium was established and education was also available to the poorer people. Příbor developed to an important centre of education. From 1875 to 1938,

725-470: The town. The town of Příbor was founded by Count Frank von Hückeswagen in 1251, which was confirmed in a deed of Moravian margrave Ottokar II from the same year, where the town was called Vriburch . The town square was founded right on an old trade route to Poland . The count built here a solid castle. His descendants owned the town until 1359, when Příbor passed to the Bishops of Olomouc . The bishops liked

754-440: The use of a seven carriage Class 222 Meridian train to run the service instead of an InterCity 125 train that had operated it for the previous 21 years. The substantial reduction in the number of first-class seats caused by this change of train has led to noticeable overcrowding. In response East Midlands Trains has actively sought to persuade business travelers to consider the other two named trains between Sheffield and London,

783-692: Was agreed by both the Company of Cutlers and the LNER. The then Master Cutler, A Balfour, later the 2nd Lord Riverdale , rode on the footplate of the inaugural train. It has since been a tradition that the Master Cutler ride with the driver of the train during their year of office. The Master Cutler was introduced by the LNER on 6 October 1947, running on the Great Central Main Line route from Sheffield Victoria to London Marylebone calling at Nottingham Victoria and Leicester Central . Upon nationalisation

812-550: Was introduced. However, in early 1966 British Railways decided to concentrate Sheffield traffic on the Midland Main Line route to London St Pancras (and Leeds traffic on King's Cross), so the Pullman coaches were withdrawn on 4 October 1968. (BR working timetable Section A May 68 to May 69 Supplement dated October 1968). From 7 October 1968 the Master Cutler title was moved over to a fast train running to London St Pancras via

841-717: Was used for some cheaper items, especially spoons. From the nineteenth century, electroplated nickel silver (EPNS) was used as a cheaper substitute for sterling silver. In 1913, the British metallurgist Harry Brearley discovered stainless steel by chance, bringing affordable cutlery to the masses. This metal has come to be the predominant one used in cutlery. An alternative is melchior , corrosion-resistant nickel and copper alloy, which can also sometimes contain manganese and nickel-iron. Titanium has also been used to make cutlery for its lower thermal conductivity and weight savings compared to steel, with uses in camping. Plastic cutlery

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