10-479: Purgatoriidae is a basal plesiadapiform family that includes, Purgatorius and Ursolestes . Purgatoriids are thought to represent the earliest members of the Plesiadapiformes – as well as primates. [REDACTED] This prehistoric mammal -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Plesiadapiform Plesiadapiformes (" Adapid -like" or "near Adapiformes ")
20-559: A group of Plesiadapiformes . The dentition is also not dissimilar from primitive adapoids Donrusselia and Cantius . However, its high lingual cusps and short talonids , the basin at the distal end of the lower molars, are traits too derived for this specimen to be a primitive omomyoid ancestor. Found in 1977, this genus was one of the first Eocene fossil primates to be found in Asia and indicates that early primate radiations were not restricted to North America and Europe. Altanius , with
30-946: A separate extinct order of Primatomorpha , but it now appears that groups such as the extant primates and/or the Dermoptera have emerged in the group. Similarly, in 2021 the Purgatoriidae were classified as sister to Dermoptera, while the rest of the Plesiadapiformes appear to be sister to the remaining primates: Scandentia Purgatoriidae crown Dermoptera Plesiadapiformes s.s. Palenochtha weissae Avenius amatorum Altanius orlovi crown Strepsirrhini Archicebus achilles Teilhardina asiatica Teilhardina belgica Teilhardina magnoliana Teilhardina brandti Omomyiformes s.s. Teilhardina s.s crown Tarsiiformes Simiiformes One possible classification table of plesiadapiform families
40-532: Is an extinct basal pan-primates group, as sister to the rest of the pan-primates. The pan-primates together with the Dermoptera form the Primatomorpha . Purgatorius may not be a primate as an extinct sister to the rest of the Dermoptera or a separate, more basal stem pan-primate branch. Even with Purgatorius removed, the crown primates may even have emerged in this group. Plesiadapiformes first appear in
50-464: Is linked with the omomyoid group in its unfused mandible , reduced paraconids on the lower molars, and overall shorter molars. These traits are too numerous to have been easily developed by parallel evolution . In the taxa's four premolars, double rooted second premolar and unreduced canine and last molar, the teeth of Altanius are too primitive to be omomyoids, best resembling the Carpolestidae ,
60-524: Is listed below. [REDACTED] Altanius Altanius is a genus of extinct primates found in the early Eocene of Mongolia . Though its phylogenetic relationship is questionable, many have placed it as either a primitive omomyid or as a member of the sister group to both adapoids and omomyids. The genus is represented by one species, Altanius orlovi , estimated to weigh about 10–30 g (0.35–1.1 oz) from relatively well-known and complete dental and facial characteristics. Much of
70-556: The Plesiadapiformes were proposed to be more related to Dermoptera, or roughly corresponding to Primatomorpha, with both Dermoptera and the primates emerging within this group. Also in a 2020 paper, the primates and Dermoptera were jointly considered sister to the plesiadapiform Purgatoriidae, resulting in the following phylogenetic tree. Rodentia (rodents) Lagomorpha (rabbits, hares, pikas) Scandentia (treeshrews) † Purgatoriidae Dermoptera (colugos) Primates †Plesiadapiform s.s. Traditionally, they were regarded as
80-822: The following simplified cladogram, the crown primates are classified as highly derived Plesiadapiformes, possibly as sister of the Plesiadapoidea . The crown primates are cladistically granted here into the Plesiadapiformes, and "Plesiadapiformes" become a junior synonym of the primates. With this tree, the Plesiadapiformes are not literally extinct (in the sense of having no surviving descendants). The crown primates are also called "Euprimates" in this context. Rodentia (rodents) Lagomorpha (rabbits, hares, pikas) Scandentia (treeshrews) Dermoptera (colugos) † Purgatoriidae † Micromomyidae † Microsyopidae † Paromomyidae † Palaechthonidae † Carpolestidae † Plesiadapidae Crown Primates Alternatively, in 2018,
90-477: The fossil record between 65 and 55 million years ago, although many were extinct by the beginning of the Eocene . They may be the earliest known mammals to have finger nails in place of claws . In 1990, K.C. Beard attempted to link the Plesiadapiformes with the order Dermoptera. They proposed that paromomyid Phenacolemur had digital proportions of the fossil indicated gliding habits similar to that of colugos. In
100-427: The fossilized remains of Altanius , as with any extinct vertebrate, are isolated teeth fragments. However, an abundance of specimens, collected between Dashzeveg and McKenna's initial discovery of the species in 1977 and the present, have yielded an almost complete dentition. Identifying dental characteristics of the genus include small, high, trigonids , the anterior basin on lower molars, and high premolars . It
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