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Pueblo Chemical Depot

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The Pueblo Chemical Depot was a chemical weapons storage site located in Pueblo County, Colorado , United States. The Pueblo Chemical Depot was one of the last two sites in the United States with chemical munitions and chemical materiel. The Pueblo Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant (PCAPP) which is under the Program Executive Office, Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives (PEO ACWA) program destroyed its stockpile of 155mm and 105mm artillery shells and 4.2-inch mortars, all of which contained a form of the chemical agent mustard gas. The United States Army decommissioned the depot on September 12, 2024.

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17-575: The depot housed 2,613 tons (2,369 metric tons ) of mustard agent in approximately 780,000 munitions, equivalent to about seven percent of the original chemical materiel stockpile of the United States. Destruction operations began at the Pueblo Chemical Agent-Destruction Pilot Plant in spring 2015 with full-scale operations beginning later in 2016. Destruction of all munitions was complete by Jun. 22, 2023. Sulfur agent

34-1914: A standardized value for acceleration due to gravity. The pound-force is the product of one avoirdupois pound ( exactly 0.45359237 kg) and the standard acceleration due to gravity , approximately 32.174049 ft/s (9.80665 m/s ). The standard values of acceleration of the standard gravitational field ( g n ) and the international avoirdupois pound (lb) result in a pound-force equal to 32.174 049   ⁠ ft⋅lb / s ⁠ (4.4482216152605 N). 1 lbf = 1 lb × g n = 1 lb × 9.80665 m s 2 / 0.3048 m ft ≈ 1 lb × 32.174049 f t s 2 ≈ 32.174049 f t ⋅ l b s 2 1 lbf = 1 lb × 0.45359237 kg lb × g n = 0.45359237 kg × 9.80665 m s 2 = 4.4482216152605 N {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}1\,{\text{lbf}}&=1\,{\text{lb}}\times g_{\text{n}}\\&=1\,{\text{lb}}\times 9.80665\,{\tfrac {\text{m}}{{\text{s}}^{2}}}/0.3048\,{\tfrac {\text{m}}{\text{ft}}}\\&\approx 1\,{\text{lb}}\times 32.174049\,\mathrm {\tfrac {ft}{s^{2}}} \\&\approx 32.174049\,\mathrm {\tfrac {ft{\cdot }lb}{s^{2}}} \\1\,{\text{lbf}}&=1\,{\text{lb}}\times 0.45359237\,{\tfrac {\text{kg}}{\text{lb}}}\times g_{\text{n}}\\&=0.45359237\,{\text{kg}}\times 9.80665\,{\tfrac {\text{m}}{{\text{s}}^{2}}}\\&=4.4482216152605\,{\text{N}}\end{aligned}}} This definition can be rephrased in terms of

51-402: Is a unit of force used in some systems of measurement , including English Engineering units and the foot–pound–second system . Pound-force should not be confused with pound-mass (lb), often simply called "pound", which is a unit of mass ; nor should these be confused with foot-pound (ft⋅lbf), a unit of energy , or pound-foot (lbf⋅ft), a unit of torque . The pound-force

68-462: Is approximately equal to the force unit (pound-force). This is convenient because one pound mass exerts one pound force due to gravity. Note, however, unlike the other systems the force unit is not equal to the mass unit multiplied by the acceleration unit —the use of Newton's second law , F = m ⋅ a , requires another factor, g c , usually taken to be 32.174049 (lb⋅ft)/(lbf⋅s ). "Absolute" systems are coherent systems of units: by using

85-512: Is commonly used in the United States , where it is known simply as a ton; however, the term is ambiguous, the single word " ton " being variously used for short, long , and metric tons. The various tons are defined as units of mass. They are sometimes used as units of weight , the force exerted by a mass at standard gravity (e.g., short ton-force). One short ton exerts a weight at one standard gravity of 2,000 pound-force (lbf) . In

102-516: Is complete, the depot will be transferred to the community with possibilities of solar farming to contribute energy to the military complex in Colorado Springs, Fort Carson, Peterson and Schriever Air Force bases. 38°16′26″N 104°20′34″W  /  38.27389°N 104.34278°W  / 38.27389; -104.34278 Short ton The short ton (abbreviation tn ) is a measurement unit equal to 2,000 pounds (907.18 kg). It

119-456: Is destroyed through neutralization and biotreatment. Energetic components are first removed through robotics and disposed. The weapon body is then robotically accessed to wash out the sulfur agent using water at a high pressure. The sulfur agent is neutralized with caustic solution and hot water producing a byproduct of hydrolysate. Biotreatement occurs when the hydrolysate is further broken down with microbes, producing biosludge and water. Biosludge

136-452: Is equal to the gravitational force exerted on a mass of one avoirdupois pound on the surface of Earth . Since the 18th century, the unit has been used in low-precision measurements, for which small changes in Earth's gravity (which varies from equator to pole by up to half a percent) can safely be neglected. The 20th century, however, brought the need for a more precise definition, requiring

153-634: Is filtered and sent to a disposal facility. Metal weapon parts are further decontaminated at high heat then recycled The Army's Explosive Destruction System (EDS) was used for problematic munitions that cannot be destroyed through neutralization and biotreatment until December 2018. In 2018, the decision was made to replace the EDS with three Static Detonation Chamber units which will be operational in late 2020. Problematic munitions are those that have leaked or are in poor physical condition making it difficult for automated equipment processing. A specialized facility named

170-449: The United States , a short ton is usually known simply as a "ton", without distinguishing it from the tonne (1,000 kilograms or 2,204.62 pounds), known there as the "metric ton", or the long ton also known as the "imperial ton" (2,240 pounds or 1,016.05 kilograms). There are, however, some U.S. applications where unspecified tons normally mean long tons (for example, naval ships) or metric tons (world grain production figures). Both

187-620: The slug . A slug has a mass of 32.174049 lb. A pound-force is the amount of force required to accelerate a slug at a rate of 1 ft/s , so: 1 lbf = 1 slug × 1 ft s 2 = 1 slug ⋅ ft s 2 {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}1\,{\text{lbf}}&=1\,{\text{slug}}\times 1\,{\tfrac {\text{ft}}{{\text{s}}^{2}}}\\&=1\,{\tfrac {{\text{slug}}\cdot {\text{ft}}}{{\text{s}}^{2}}}\end{aligned}}} In some contexts,

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204-621: The PCAPP Training Facility is located at the Pueblo Memorial Airport Industrial Park and offers training courses and simulations for employees. Training is designed to ensure the safety of the employees and the surrounding environment. Employees are trained to operate the equipment and use Demilitarization Protective Ensemble or DPE. The DPE is an encapsulated air-supplied chemical protective suit. Samples are taken at multiple stages and analyzed for any leakage of

221-530: The chemical agent. The plant operated until all the chemical weapons were destroyed. Closure activities (shut-down, dismantling, and restoration of site) are slated to be wrapped up by 2023. This is far beyond the April 2012 deadline set by the Chemical Weapons Convention . PuebloPlex will head the redevelopment of Pueblo Chemical Depot. Once the mustard agent has been treated and environmental restoration

238-458: The long and short ton are defined as 20 hundredweights , but a hundredweight is 100 pounds (45.36 kg) in the US system (short or net hundredweight) and 112 pounds (50.80 kg) in the imperial system (long or gross hundredweight). A short ton–force is 2,000 pounds-force (8,896.44  N ). Pound (force) The pound of force or pound-force (symbol: lbf , sometimes lb f , )

255-497: The slug as the unit of mass, the "gravitational" FPS system (left column) avoids the need for such a constant. The SI is an "absolute" metric system with kilogram and meter as base units. The term pound of thrust is an alternative name for pound-force in specific contexts. It is frequently seen in US sources on jet engines and rocketry, some of which continue to use the FPS notation. For example,

272-428: The term "pound" is used almost exclusively to refer to the unit of force and not the unit of mass. In those applications, the preferred unit of mass is the slug, i.e. lbf⋅s /ft. In other contexts, the unit "pound" refers to a unit of mass . The international standard symbol for the pound as a unit of mass is lb. In the "engineering" systems (middle column), the weight of the mass unit (pound-mass) on Earth's surface

289-556: The thrust produced by each of the Space Shuttle 's two Solid Rocket Boosters was 3,300,000 pounds-force (14.7  MN ), together 6,600,000 pounds-force (29.4 MN). The value adopted in the International Service of Weights and Measures for the standard acceleration due to Earth's gravity is 980.665 cm/s , value already stated in the laws of some countries. This value was the conventional reference for calculating

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