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102-565: Allen Saunders served as comics editor in the 1940s and wrote a number of Publishers Syndicate's most popular strips, including Apple Mary / Mary Worth , Big Chief Wahoo , and Kerry Drake . His protege Nicholas P. Dallis followed in Saunders' footsteps by writing the popular strips Rex Morgan, M.D. , Judge Parker , and Apartment 3-G . In addition to comic strips, Publishers syndicated sports columnists such as Red Smith and columnists such as Roscoe Drummond . Publishers Syndicate

204-729: A four-year attempt to deport him . Lennon was embroiled in a continuing legal battle with the immigration authorities, and he was denied permanent residency in the US ; the issue would not be resolved until 1976. Some Time in New York City was recorded as a collaboration with Ono and was released in 1972 with backing from the New York band Elephant's Memory . A double LP, it contained songs about women's rights, race relations, Britain's role in Northern Ireland and Lennon's difficulties in obtaining

306-448: A "craft." After getting feedback for a story idea from his artists, he isolated himself to map it out over 13 weeks of dailies and Sundays (1953 article), with the playwriting formula "First act, get your leading character up a tree; second act, throw rocks at him; third act, get him down". Then, in his work week, he allocated two days to each of the three strips to create a week's worth, using his own cartooning skills to sketch roughs of

408-555: A 43-foot sailboat and embarked on a sailing trip to Bermuda. En route, he and the crew encountered a storm, rendering everyone on board seasick, except Lennon, who took control and sailed the boat through the storm. This experience re-invigorated him and his creative muse. He spent three weeks in Bermuda in a home called Fairylands writing and refining the tracks for the upcoming album. The music reflected Lennon's fulfilment in his new-found stable family life. Sufficient additional material

510-457: A December 1970 interview with Jann Wenner of Rolling Stone magazine, he revealed his bitterness towards McCartney, saying, "I was a fool not to do what Paul did, which was use it to sell a record." Lennon also spoke of the hostility he perceived the other members had towards Ono, and of how he, Harrison and Starr "got fed up with being sidemen for Paul ... After Brian Epstein died we collapsed. Paul took over and supposedly led us. But what

612-563: A UK top 10 hit for the Fourmost in 1963. McCartney recommended that his friend George Harrison become the lead guitarist. Lennon thought that Harrison, then 14 years old, was too young. McCartney engineered an audition on the upper deck of a Liverpool bus, where Harrison played " Raunchy " for Lennon and was asked to join. Stuart Sutcliffe , Lennon's friend from art school, later joined as bassist. Lennon, McCartney, Harrison and Sutcliffe became "The Beatles" in early 1960. In August that year,

714-632: A business structure". Released amid the Protests of 1968 , the band's debut single for the Apple label included Lennon's B-side " Revolution ", in which he called for a "plan" rather than committing to Maoist revolution. The song's pacifist message led to ridicule from political radicals in the New Left press. Adding to the tensions at the Beatles' recording sessions that year, Lennon insisted on having his new girlfriend,

816-589: A dairyman at his family's farm, bought him a mouth organ and engaged him in solving crossword puzzles. Julia visited Mendips on a regular basis, and John often visited her at 1 Blomfield Road, Liverpool, where she played him Elvis Presley records, taught him the banjo, and showed him how to play " Ain't That a Shame " by Fats Domino . In September 1980, Lennon commented about his family and his rebellious nature: A part of me would like to be accepted by all facets of society and not be this loudmouthed lunatic poet/musician. But I cannot be what I am not ... I

918-471: A dig by Lennon, who thought Grade was two-faced. Lennon began what would be a five-year hiatus from the music industry, during which time, he later said, he "baked bread" and "looked after the baby". He devoted himself to Sean, rising at 6   am daily to plan and prepare his meals and to spend time with him. He wrote "Cookin' (In the Kitchen of Love)" for Starr's Ringo's Rotogravure (1976), performing on

1020-567: A green card. The album was a commercial failure and was maligned by critics, who found its political sloganeering heavy-handed and relentless. The NME ' s review took the form of an open letter in which Tony Tyler derided Lennon as a "pathetic, ageing revolutionary". In the US, " Woman Is the Nigger of the World " was released as a single from the album and was televised on 11 May, on The Dick Cavett Show . Many radio stations refused to broadcast

1122-408: A living out of it." Lennon's senior school years were marked by a shift in his behaviour. Teachers at Quarry Bank High School described him thus: "He has too many wrong ambitions and his energy is often misplaced", and "His work always lacks effort. He is content to 'drift' instead of using his abilities." Lennon's misbehaviour created a rift in his relationship with his aunt. On 15 July 1958, at

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1224-422: A post-election wake held in the New York home of activist Jerry Rubin . Lennon was depressed and got intoxicated; he left Ono embarrassed after he had sex with a female guest. Ono's song " Death of Samantha " was inspired by the incident. As Lennon was about to record Mind Games in 1973, he and Ono decided to separate. The ensuing 18-month period apart, which he later called his "lost weekend" in reference to

1326-525: A professional appearance, but eventually complied, saying "I'll wear a bloody balloon if somebody's going to pay me." McCartney took over on bass after Sutcliffe decided to stay in Hamburg, and Best was replaced with drummer Ringo Starr ; this completed the four-piece line-up that would remain until the group's break-up in 1970. The band's first single, " Love Me Do ", was released in October 1962 and reached No. 17 on

1428-503: A recording session at the Record Plant . After the session, Lennon and Ono returned to the Dakota in a limousine at around 10:50   p.m. (EST). They left the vehicle and walked through the archway of the building. Chapman then shot Lennon twice in the back and twice in the shoulder at close range. Lennon was rushed in a police cruiser to the emergency room of Roosevelt Hospital , where he

1530-461: A reporter and drama critic for the News-Bee , and he stayed on with that newspaper. Eight years later, Elmer Woggon (a friend at the rival Toledo Blade ) proposed a comic strip for Publishers Syndicate , The Great Gusto , which he would draw if Saunders did the writing. They shook on it, but it wasn't accepted until they refocused on its Indian character. On November 23, 1936, it finally appeared in

1632-721: A rich resource on the history of American comic strip writing. He died on January 28, 1986, survived by his wife of 63 years, Lois, and their four children (John, David, Penny, Lois Ann), and donating an archive of material to the Browne Library for Popular Culture Studies at Bowling Green State University. Steve Roper and Mike Nomad , the enduring continuation of his first strip, finally came to an end on December 26, 2004, while Mary Worth still appears under Karen Moy and Joe Giella . Kerry Drake ended with Andriola. John Lennon John Winston Ono Lennon (born John Winston Lennon ; 9 October 1940 – 8 December 1980)

1734-446: A series of 14 lithographs called "Bag One" depicting scenes from their honeymoon, eight of which were deemed indecent and most of which were banned and confiscated. Lennon's creative focus continued to move beyond the Beatles, and between 1968 and 1969 he and Ono recorded three albums of experimental music together: Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins (known more for its cover than for its music), Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with

1836-491: A solo artist to top the US Billboard Hot 100 chart during his lifetime. A second single from the album, " #9 Dream ", followed before the end of the year. Starr's Goodnight Vienna (1974) again saw assistance from Lennon, who wrote the title track and played piano. On 28 November, Lennon made a surprise guest appearance at Elton John's Thanksgiving concert at Madison Square Garden, in fulfilment of his promise to join

1938-446: A sound. And the words were almost irrelevant". In a 1987 interview, McCartney said that the other Beatles idolised Lennon: "He was like our own little Elvis   ... We all looked up to John. He was older and he was very much the leader; he was the quickest wit and the smartest." The Beatles achieved mainstream success in the UK early in 1963. Lennon was on tour when his first son, Julian ,

2040-709: A youth, and he practiced drawing them. After graduating from Wabash College in 1920, he taught French there for seven years while working in the summers on his M.A. at the University of Chicago and taking night classes at the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts. He drew editorial cartoons and the single-panel Miserable Moments , wrote detective fiction for magazines, worked in Chautauqua theater and wrote plays. These experiences converged in his later comics career. In 1927, while on sabbatical from Wabash, he moved to Toledo, Ohio as

2142-732: Is leading us when we went round in circles?" When it gets down to having to use violence, then you are playing the system's game. The establishment will irritate you – pull your beard, flick your face – to make you fight. Because once they've got you violent, then they know how to handle you. The only thing they don't know how to handle is non-violence and humor. —John Lennon Between 1 April and 15 September 1970, Lennon and Ono went through primal therapy with Arthur Janov at Tittenhurst, in London and at Janov's clinic in Los Angeles, California. Designed to release emotional pain from early childhood,

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2244-651: The Our World satellite broadcast, before an international audience estimated at up to 400 million. Intentionally simplistic in its message, the song formalised his pacifist stance and provided an anthem for the Summer of Love . After the Beatles were introduced to the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi , the group attended an August weekend of personal instruction at his Transcendental Meditation seminar in Bangor , Wales. During

2346-481: The King Features Syndicate website insists that these two Marys are unrelated, Saunders' autobiography and interviews explicitly document the transition. The Depression-era apple vendor's full name was Mary Worth, and Saunders explained his makeover of the character and how her deceased husband's stocks regained their value. The result was a new kind of continuity strip patterned on women's magazine stories of

2448-551: The New York Herald Tribune folded in 1966, Publishers inherited their strips, including Johnny Hart 's B.C. , Mell Lazarus ' Miss Peach , and Harry Haenigsen 's Penny . In 1967, Field Enterprises acquired Robert M. Hall 's New York-based Hall Syndicate, merging it with Publishers to form the Publishers-Hall Syndicate . Allen Saunders Allen Saunders (April 24, 1899 – January 28, 1986)

2550-687: The Nigerian Civil War ), its support of America in the Vietnam War and (perhaps jokingly) against "Cold Turkey" slipping down the charts, Lennon returned his MBE medal to the Queen. This gesture had no effect on his MBE status, which could be renounced but ultimately only the Sovereign has the power to annul the original award. The medal, together with Lennon's letter, is held at the Central Chancery of

2652-554: The film of the same name , was spent in Los Angeles and New York City in the company of May Pang . Mind Games , credited to the "Plastic U.F.Ono Band", was released in November 1973. Lennon also contributed " I'm the Greatest " to Starr's album Ringo (1973), released the same month. With Harrison joining Starr and Lennon at the recording session for the song, it marked the only occasion when three former Beatles recorded together between

2754-546: The 1930s, including Dan Dunn: Secret Operative 48 , Apple Mary (which later became Mary Worth ), and Big Chief Wahoo . Successful Publishers strips launched in the 1940s included Kerry Drake , Dotty Dripple , and Rex Morgan, M.D. ; while popular strips originating in the 1950s included Judge Parker , Tales from the Great Book , Friar Justin "Fred" McCarthy 's Brother Juniper , and Stan Lee and Dan DeCarlo 's Willie Lumpkin . Notable strips launched in

2856-564: The 1960s were Apartment 3-G and The Wizard of Id . In 1963 Chicago-based Field Enterprises and New York Herald Tribune publisher John Hay Whitney acquired Publishers Syndicate, merging syndication operations with Field's Chicago Sun-Times Syndicate , the New York Herald Tribune Syndicate , and the syndicate of the Chicago Daily News (a newspaper that had been acquired by Field Enterprises in 1959). When

2958-478: The Beatles to embark on a solo career. Lennon and Ono collaborated on many works, including a trilogy of avant-garde albums and several more films. After the Beatles disbanded , Lennon released his solo debut John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band and the international top-10 singles " Give Peace a Chance ", " Instant Karma! ", " Imagine ", and " Happy Xmas (War Is Over) ". Moving to New York City in 1971, his criticism of

3060-522: The Beatles were engaged for a 48-night residency in Hamburg , in West Germany, and were desperately in need of a drummer. They asked Pete Best to join them. Lennon's aunt, horrified when he told her about the trip, pleaded with Lennon to continue his art studies instead. After the first Hamburg residency, the band accepted another in April 1961, and a third in April 1962. As with the other band members, Lennon

3162-635: The British charts. They recorded their debut album, Please Please Me , in under 10 hours on 11 February 1963, a day when Lennon was suffering the effects of a cold, which is evident in the vocal on the last song to be recorded that day, " Twist and Shout ". The Lennon–McCartney songwriting partnership yielded eight of its fourteen tracks. With a few exceptions, one being the album title itself, Lennon had yet to bring his love of wordplay to bear on his song lyrics, saying: "We were just writing songs   ... pop songs with no more thought of them than that – to create

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3264-492: The Dirty Mac , a supergroup composed of Lennon, Eric Clapton , Keith Richards and Mitch Mitchell . The group also backed a vocal performance by Ono. A film version was released in 1996. By late 1968, Lennon's increased drug use and growing preoccupation with Ono, combined with the Beatles' inability to agree on how the company should be run, left Apple in need of professional management. Lennon asked Lord Beeching to take on

3366-536: The Japanese artist Yoko Ono , beside him, thereby contravening the band's policy regarding wives and girlfriends in the studio. He was especially pleased with his songwriting contributions to the double album and identified it as a superior work to Sgt. Pepper . At the end of 1968, Lennon participated in The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus , a television special that was not broadcast. Lennon performed with

3468-666: The Lions and Wedding Album . In 1969, they formed the Plastic Ono Band , releasing Live Peace in Toronto 1969 . Between 1969 and 1970, Lennon released the singles "Give Peace a Chance", which was widely adopted as an anti- Vietnam War anthem, " Cold Turkey ", which documented his withdrawal symptoms after he became addicted to heroin , and " Instant Karma! ". In protest at Britain's involvement in "the Nigeria-Biafra thing" (namely,

3570-640: The Ono collaboration Double Fantasy . He was shot and killed by Mark David Chapman , three weeks after the album's release. As a performer, writer or co-writer, Lennon had 25 number-one singles in the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Double Fantasy , his second-best-selling non-Beatles album, won the 1981 Grammy Award for Album of the Year . That year, he won the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music . In 2002, Lennon

3672-479: The Orders of Knighthood . Lennon left the Beatles on 20 September 1969, but agreed not to inform the media while the group renegotiated their recording contract. He was outraged that McCartney publicised his own departure on releasing his debut solo album in April 1970. Lennon's reaction was, "Jesus Christ! He gets all the credit for it!" He later wrote, "I started the band. I disbanded it. It's as simple as that." In

3774-518: The People ". In his lyrics to the song, Lennon reversed the non-confrontational approach he had espoused in "Revolution", although he later disowned "Power to the People", saying that it was borne out of guilt and a desire for approval from radicals such as Ali. Lennon became involved in a protest against the prosecution of Oz magazine for alleged obscenity. Lennon denounced the proceedings as "disgusting fascism", and he and Ono (as Elastic Oz Band) released

3876-615: The Quarrymen. Named after Quarry Bank High School, the group was established by Lennon in September 1956. By the summer of 1957, the Quarrymen played a "spirited set of songs" made up of half skiffle and half rock and roll . Lennon first met Paul McCartney at the Quarrymen's second performance, which was held in Woolton on 6 July at the St Peter's Church garden fête. Lennon then asked McCartney to join

3978-531: The Sky with Diamonds ", featuring Lennon on guitar and backing vocals - Lennon is credited on the single under the moniker of "Dr. Winston O'Boogie". As January became February, Lennon and Ono reunited as Lennon and Bowie completed recording of their co-composition " Fame ", which became David Bowie 's first US number one, featuring guitar and backing vocals by Lennon. In February, Lennon released Rock 'n' Roll (1975), an album of cover songs. " Stand by Me ", taken from

4080-542: The Soup)" which was, for contractual reasons, to remain unreleased for more than 30 years. Pang supplied the recording for its eventual inclusion on The Very Best of Mick Jagger (2007). Lennon had settled back in New York when he recorded the album Walls and Bridges . Released in October 1974, it included " Whatever Gets You thru the Night ", which featured Elton John on backing vocals and piano, and became Lennon's only single as

4182-643: The US when quoted by a magazine there five months later. The furore that followed, which included the burning of Beatles records, Ku Klux Klan activity and threats against Lennon, contributed to the band's decision to stop touring. After the band's final concert on 29 August 1966, Lennon filmed the anti-war black comedy How I Won the War – his only appearance in a non-Beatles feature film – before rejoining his bandmates for an extended period of recording, beginning in November. Lennon had increased his use of LSD and, according to author Ian MacDonald , his continuous use of

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4284-449: The Vietnam War resulted in a three-year deportation attempt by the Nixon administration . Lennon and Ono separated from 1973 to 1975, during which time he produced Harry Nilsson 's album Pussy Cats . He also had chart-topping collaborations with Elton John (" Whatever Gets You thru the Night ") and David Bowie (" Fame "). Following a five-year hiatus, Lennon returned to music in 1980 with

4386-496: The War , and authoring In His Own Write and A Spaniard in the Works , both collections of nonsense writings and line drawings. Starting with " All You Need Is Love ", his songs were adopted as anthems by the anti-war movement and the counterculture of the 1960s . In 1969, he started the Plastic Ono Band with his second wife, multimedia artist Yoko Ono , held the two-week-long anti-war demonstration bed-in for peace, and left

4488-576: The Works . The Beatles received recognition from the British establishment when they were appointed Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 1965 Queen's Birthday Honours . Lennon grew concerned that fans who attended Beatles concerts were unable to hear the music above the screaming of fans, and that the band's musicianship was beginning to suffer as a result. Lennon's " Help! " expressed his own feelings in 1965: "I meant it   ... It

4590-422: The action sequences he wrote for him and Nomad. He was especially fond of the "indigenous gimmick" technique, solving a problem by using something that is ordinarily ignored in the setting. But he identified more with Mary Worth: "Mary and I have come, over the years, to think pretty much alike" (1971 interview). As opposed to the existing action/adventure genre popular with male readers, his Mary Worth established

4692-505: The age of 44, Julia Lennon was struck and killed by a car while she was walking home after visiting the Smiths' house. His mother's death traumatised the teenage Lennon, who, for the next two years, drank heavily and frequently got into fights, consumed by a "blind rage". Julia's memory would later serve as a major creative inspiration for Lennon, inspiring songs such as the 1968 Beatles song " Julia ". Lennon failed his O-level examinations, and

4794-562: The album and a US and UK hit, became his last single for five years. He made what would be his final stage appearance in the ATV special A Salute to Lew Grade , recorded on 18 April and televised in June. Playing acoustic guitar and backed by an eight-piece band, Lennon performed two songs from Rock 'n' Roll ("Stand by Me", which was not broadcast, and "Slippin' and Slidin ' ") followed by "Imagine". The band, known as Etc., wore masks behind their heads,

4896-416: The band members' mixed experience with Transcendental Meditation signalled a sharp divergence in the group's camaraderie. On their return to London, they became increasingly involved in business activities with the formation of Apple Corps , a multimedia corporation composed of Apple Records and several other subsidiary companies. Lennon described the venture as an attempt to achieve "artistic freedom within

4998-427: The band's break-up and Lennon's death. In early 1974, Lennon was drinking heavily and his alcohol-fuelled antics with Harry Nilsson made headlines. In March, two widely publicised incidents occurred at The Troubadour club. In the first incident, Lennon stuck an unused menstrual pad on his forehead and scuffled with a waitress. The second incident occurred two weeks later, when Lennon and Nilsson were ejected from

5100-564: The band. McCartney said that Aunt Mimi "was very aware that John's friends were lower class", and would often patronise him when he arrived to visit Lennon. According to McCartney's brother Mike , their father similarly disapproved of Lennon, declaring that Lennon would get his son "into trouble". McCartney's father nevertheless allowed the fledgling band to rehearse in the family's front room at 20   Forthlin Road . During this time Lennon wrote his first song, " Hello Little Girl ", which became

5202-594: The characters and dialog in each panel for his artists and letterers to follow. Saunders also served as chair of the Newspaper Comics Council, was a longtime member of the National Cartoonists Society who helped younger cartoonists get started (e.g., Fran Matera , Pete Hoffman , Nicholas P. Dallis , Alex Kotzky ), and was a civic-minded leader in Toledo community affairs. In 1957, Saunders wrote

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5304-504: The characters and settings both attractive and believable. At the end of Saunders' autobiography (published in Nemo shortly after his death), Nemo editor Rick Marschall called him a "dedicated craftsman and a flinty, memorable personality." That showed through clearly in his 42-year output of popular dramas for his "paper actors." Born in Lebanon, Indiana , Saunders enjoyed newspaper comics as

5406-569: The cheques stopped when he went absent without leave in February 1944. When he eventually came home six months later, he offered to look after the family, but Julia, by then pregnant with another man's child, rejected the idea. After her sister Mimi complained to Liverpool's Social Services twice, Julia gave her custody of Lennon. In July 1946, Lennon's father visited her and took his son to Blackpool , secretly intending to emigrate to New Zealand with him. Julia followed them – with her partner at

5508-589: The concerts, however, which resulted in the couple having a heated argument and Lennon pulling out of the event. Lennon and Ono moved to New York in August 1971 and immediately embraced US radical left politics . The couple released their " Happy Xmas (War Is Over) " single in December. During the new year, the Nixon administration took what it called a "strategic counter-measure" against Lennon's anti-war and anti-Nixon propaganda. The administration embarked on what would be

5610-448: The dramatic portrayal of a young John Lennon being forced to make a decision between his parents is inaccurate. Lennon had no further contact with Alf for close to 20 years. Throughout the rest of his childhood and adolescence, Lennon lived at Mendips, 251   Menlove Avenue , Woolton, with Mimi and her husband George Toogood Smith , who had no children of their own. His aunt purchased volumes of short stories for him, and his uncle,

5712-482: The drug in 1967 brought him "close to erasing his identity ". The year 1967 saw the release of " Strawberry Fields Forever ", hailed by Time magazine for its "astonishing inventiveness", and the group's landmark album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band , which revealed lyrics by Lennon that contrasted strongly with the simple love songs of the group's early years. In late June, the Beatles performed Lennon's " All You Need Is Love " as Britain's contribution to

5814-521: The family." During his career break he created several series of drawings, and drafted a book containing a mix of autobiographical material and what he termed "mad stuff", all of which would be published posthumously. Lennon emerged from his hiatus in October 1980, when he released the single " (Just Like) Starting Over ". In November, he and Ono released the album Double Fantasy , which included songs Lennon had written in Bermuda . In June, Lennon chartered

5916-419: The gamut of comics genres: editorial, commercial, gag, adventure, and melodrama. Big Chief Wahoo (later renamed Steve Roper and Mike Nomad ) was popular in its day, a witty romp with puns, slapstick and satire. But although it defended Native Americans and joked at "palefaces," it relied on exaggerated stereotypes for humor. Saunders admitted that "if we were doing Chief Wahoo today, we'd have problems." It

6018-576: The house because of the likely effects. Later, in a lift at a nightclub, they all believed it was on fire; Lennon recalled: "We were all screaming   ... hot and hysterical." In March 1966, during an interview with Evening Standard reporter Maureen Cleave , Lennon remarked, "Christianity will go. It will vanish and shrink   ... We're more popular than Jesus now – I don't know which will go first, rock and roll or Christianity." The comment went virtually unnoticed in England but caused great offence in

6120-494: The line, "Life is what happens to us while we are making other plans," usually attributed to John Lennon . It appeared in a 1957 issue of the Reader's Digest . In 1979, Saunders retired and turned over the writing of Steve Roper and Mary Worth to son John. He remained professionally active as "Dean of American Continuity Strips" (a reputation that amused him), received an Inkpot Award in 1981, and wrote his Nemo autobiography,

6222-450: The newspapers as Big Chief Wahoo and scored a success—fortunately, as Saunders' regular job ended when the News-Bee folded in 1938. Gags gave way to adventure strips, so in 1940, he began to reshape the narrative into Steve Roper , centered on the escapades of a racket-busting photojournalist. In 1939, he was asked to write Apple Mary when its creator (since 1932) Martha Orr left, and he developed it into Mary Worth's Family . While

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6324-431: The only child of Julia (née Stanley) and Alfred Lennon . Alfred was a merchant seaman of Irish descent who was away at the time of his son's birth. His parents named him John Winston Lennon after his paternal grandfather, John "Jack" Lennon, and Prime Minister Winston Churchill . His father was often away from home but sent regular pay cheques to 9   Newcastle Road, Liverpool, where Lennon lived with his mother;

6426-522: The role but he declined, advising Lennon to go back to making records. Lennon was approached by Allen Klein , who had managed the Rolling Stones and other bands during the British Invasion . In early 1969, Klein was appointed as Apple's chief executive by Lennon, Harrison and Starr, but McCartney never signed the management contract. Lennon and Ono were married on 20 March 1969 and soon released

6528-512: The same club after heckling the Smothers Brothers . Lennon decided to produce Nilsson's album Pussy Cats , and Pang rented a Los Angeles beach house for all the musicians. After a month of further debauchery, the recording sessions were in chaos, and Lennon returned to New York with Pang to finish work on the album. In April, Lennon had produced the Mick Jagger song "Too Many Cooks (Spoil

6630-480: The school holidays Parkes often visited Lennon with Leila Harvey, another cousin, and the three often travelled to Blackpool two or three times a week to watch shows. They would visit the Blackpool Tower Circus and see artists such as Dickie Valentine , Arthur Askey , Max Bygraves and Joe Loss , with Parkes recalling that Lennon particularly liked George Formby . After Parkes's family moved to Scotland,

6732-403: The seminar, they were informed of Epstein's death. "I knew we were in trouble then", Lennon said later. "I didn't have any misconceptions about our ability to do anything other than play music. I was scared – I thought, 'We've fucking had it now. ' " McCartney organised the group's first post-Epstein project, the self-written, -produced and -directed television film Magical Mystery Tour , which

6834-475: The sexes, divorce, job loss, the youth scene and counterculture, prejudice, and of course crime, to name just a few), Saunders wrote tight, fast-moving stories with plot twists and dramatic tension lightened by droll predicaments. He was known for "sophisticated scripts with literate dialogue", with almost twice as much said (and happening) per daily strip as in the post-1979 versions, and under him, even Nomad (later treated as slow-witted and speaking in grawlixes )

6936-455: The singer in a live show if "Whatever Gets You thru the Night", a song whose commercial potential Lennon had doubted, reached number one. Lennon performed the song along with " Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds " and " I Saw Her Standing There ", which he introduced as "a song by an old estranged fiancé of mine called Paul". In the first two weeks of January 1975, Elton John topped the US Billboard Hot 100 singles chart with his cover of " Lucy in

7038-507: The single "God Save Us/Do the Oz" and joined marches in support of the magazine. Eager for a major commercial success, Lennon adopted a more accessible sound for his next album, Imagine (1971). Rolling Stone reported that "it contains a substantial portion of good music" but warned of the possibility that "his posturings will soon seem not merely dull but irrelevant". The album's title track later became an anthem for anti-war movements, while

7140-417: The soap strip with its appeal primarily to women. (In his 1971 interview, he said that 90% of his fan letters for Worth came from females, and 90% of those for Roper and Nomad were from males.) It in fact was singled out for praise by Eleanor Roosevelt . He inspired later soap strip writers such as Nick Dallis , who started Rex Morgan, M.D. , Judge Parker , and Apartment 3-G . But he himself disliked

7242-535: The song " How Do You Sleep? " was a musical attack on McCartney in response to lyrics on Ram that Lennon felt, and McCartney later confirmed, were directed at him and Ono. In " Jealous Guy ", Lennon addressed his demeaning treatment of women, acknowledging that his past behaviour was a result of long-held insecurity. In gratitude for his guitar contributions to Imagine , Lennon initially agreed to perform at Harrison's Concert for Bangladesh benefit shows in New York. Harrison refused to allow Ono to participate at

7344-470: The song " Mother ", in which Lennon confronted his feelings of childhood rejection, and the Dylanesque " Working Class Hero ", a bitter attack against the bourgeois social system which, due to the lyric "you're still fucking peasants", fell foul of broadcasters. In January 1971, Tariq Ali expressed his revolutionary political views when he interviewed Lennon, who immediately responded by writing " Power to

7446-475: The song because of the word " nigger ". Lennon and Ono gave two benefit concerts with Elephant's Memory and guests in New York in aid of patients at the Willowbrook State School mental facility. Staged at Madison Square Garden on 30 August 1972, they were his last full-length concert appearances. After George McGovern lost the 1972 presidential election to Richard Nixon, Lennon and Ono attended

7548-490: The strip soon after that and was "not sorry". It was only after Andriola's death in 1983 that the real author was revealed. Even with the occasional assistance of his son John, a Toledo broadcaster, it was a challenge to keep three story strips going (as well as writing a 1950s advertising comic Duke Handy and consulting on John's strip Dateline: Danger! (1968–74) But as he noted in his autobiography, "as long as there are people, there are plots." He approached his work as

7650-403: The syndicate's proposed replacement, Kerry Drake . But the artist, Alfred Andriola , stipulated receiving sole credit for it. So for three decades, Saunders intrigued newspaper and comic book readers with his well-written and researched Kerry Drake detective stories, but he was not credited, even when Andriola accepted the 1970 Reuben Award for " Kerry Drake by Alfred Andriola." Saunders quit

7752-522: The term "soap" because he saw an underlying unity in his own strips as "adventure strips" based on conflict—emotional conflict in Mary Worth , physical conflict in Steve Roper . One of his major contributions was to merge the two as Roper, Nomad, and Drake increasingly dealt with emotional conflicts in their personal lives and faced hard moral dilemmas. Narrating conflicts in a range of social issues (drugs,

7854-400: The therapy entailed two half-days a week with Janov for six months; he had wanted to treat the couple for longer, but their American visa ran out and they had to return to the UK. Lennon's debut solo album, John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band (1970), was received with praise by many music critics, but its highly personal lyrics and stark sound limited its commercial performance. The album featured

7956-649: The three cousins often spent their school holidays together there. Parkes recalled, "John, cousin Leila and I were very close. From Edinburgh we would drive up to the family croft at Durness , which was from about the time John was nine years old until he was about 16." Lennon's uncle George died of a liver haemorrhage on 5 June 1955, aged 52. Lennon was raised as an Anglican and attended Dovedale Primary School . After passing his eleven-plus exam, he attended Quarry Bank High School in Liverpool from September 1952 to 1957, and

8058-415: The time, Bobby Dykins – and after a heated argument, his father forced the five-year-old to choose between them. In one account of this incident, Lennon twice chose his father, but as his mother walked away, he began to cry and followed her. According to author Mark Lewisohn , however, Lennon's parents agreed that Julia should take him and give him a home. Billy Hall, who witnessed the incident, has said that

8160-443: The time, as Mary met people with interesting lives and dispensed her advice when their problems reached a critical point. When his artist Dale Conner quit to do a strip of her own, Saunders persuaded Ken Ernst to take over the artwork in 1942, and the strip became simply Mary Worth . In addition to these two strips, as comics editor for Publishers Syndicate, he finished up the police strip Dan Dunn in 1942–43 and agreed to write

8262-469: The top of the UK chart by " Woman ", the second single from Double Fantasy . Later that year, Roxy Music 's cover version of " Jealous Guy ", recorded as a tribute to Lennon, was also a UK number-one. Lennon met Cynthia Powell (1939–2015) in 1957, when they were fellow students at the Liverpool College of Art . Although Powell was intimidated by Lennon's attitude and appearance, she heard that he

8364-533: The track in June in what would be his last recording session until 1980. Sean Lennon , Lennon's only child with Ono, was born on 9 October 1975 (Lennon's thirty-fifth birthday), after which Lennon took on the role of househusband. He formally announced his break from music in Tokyo in 1977, saying, "we have basically decided, without any great decision, to be with our baby as much as we can until we feel we can take time off to indulge ourselves in creating things outside of

8466-484: Was a sharp, shrewd character who was articulate in three languages. Saunders explored personality and motivation in the long series of people passing through his strips, and they got to be "awfully real" to him. His scripts were interpreted and fleshed out by talented realist artists (Ernst in Mary Worth , Pete Hoffman and then William Overgard in Steve Roper , Alfred Andriola and his ghosts in Kerry Drake ) who made

8568-400: Was accepted into the Liverpool College of Art after his aunt and headmaster intervened. At the college he began to wear Teddy Boy clothes and was threatened with expulsion for his behaviour. In the description of Cynthia Powell , Lennon's fellow student and subsequently his wife, he was "thrown out of the college before his final year". At the age of 15, Lennon formed a skiffle group ,

8670-460: Was acquired by Field Enterprises in 1963 and merged with the Hall Syndicate in 1967, becoming the Publishers-Hall Syndicate . From 1919 to circa 1925, Chicago -area businessmen Eugene P. Conley and John H. Millar ran a syndication service aimed at teen readers. Called Associated Editors, the syndicate offered among other features the columns and cartoons of Robert Quillen . Associated Editors

8772-586: Was an American writer, journalist and cartoonist who wrote the comic strips Steve Roper and Mike Nomad , Mary Worth and Kerry Drake . He is credited with being the originator of the saying, "Life is what happens to us while we are making other plans" in 1957. The saying was later slightly modified and popularised by John Lennon in the song " Beautiful Boy (Darling Boy) ". His full name, John Allen Saunders , sometimes led to confusion with his son John (John Phillip Saunders, 1924–2003), who later continued two of his father's strips. Allen Saunders covered

8874-484: Was an English singer-songwriter, musician and political activist. He gained worldwide fame as the founder, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the Beatles . His songwriting partnership with Paul McCartney remains the most successful in history. Born in Liverpool , Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager. In 1956, he formed the Quarrymen , which evolved into the Beatles in 1960. Lennon initially

8976-459: Was an inexpensive Gallotone Champion acoustic for which she lent her son five pounds and ten shillings on the condition that the guitar be delivered to her own house and not Mimi's, knowing well that her sister was not supportive of her son's musical aspirations. Mimi was sceptical of his claim that he would be famous one day, and she hoped that he would grow bored with music, often telling him, "The guitar's all very well, John, but you'll never make

9078-727: Was born in April. During their Royal Variety Show performance, which was attended by the Queen Mother and other British royalty, Lennon poked fun at the audience: "For our next song, I'd like to ask for your help. For the people in the cheaper seats, clap your hands   ... and the rest of you, if you'll just rattle your jewellery." After a year of Beatlemania in the UK , the group's historic February 1964 US debut appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show marked their breakthrough to international stardom. A two-year period of constant touring, filmmaking, and songwriting followed, during which Lennon wrote two books, In His Own Write and A Spaniard in

9180-463: Was described by Harvey at the time as a "happy-go-lucky, good-humoured, easy going, lively lad". However, he was also known to frequently engage in fights, bully and disrupt classes. Despite this, he quickly built a reputation as the class clown and often drew comical cartoons that appeared in his self-made school magazine, the Daily Howl . In 1956, Julia bought John his first guitar. The instrument

9282-507: Was dissolved when Millar and Conley went their separate ways. (Millar became the owner of Home News Publishing, a chain of small-town papers.) The Publishers Syndicate was founded in 1925 by Conley. and Harold H. Anderson Among its first columns were those of Quillen; its first strips were Walt Scott's Dramatic Events in Bible History and John H. Striebel Poor Pa . Many of Publishers' most popular and long-running strips were launched in

9384-418: Was his serious dramas or "open-ended novels" Steve Roper , Mary Worth , and Kerry Drake that showed his mature talents and reflected himself and his views on the human condition. Roper, like Saunders, was a journalist who was decent, knew French, smoked a pipe, had run his college newspaper (and almost flunked physics) and faced tough challenges. Through him, Saunders defended journalism while also enjoying

9486-407: Was introduced to Preludin while in Hamburg, and regularly took the drug as a stimulant during their long, overnight performances. Brian Epstein managed the Beatles from 1962 until his death in 1967. He had no previous experience managing artists, but he had a strong influence on the group's dress code and attitude on stage. Lennon initially resisted his attempts to encourage the band to present

9588-465: Was later created. Chapman avoided going to trial when he ignored his lawyer's advice and pleaded guilty to second-degree murder and was sentenced to 20-years-to-life. In the weeks following the murder, "(Just Like) Starting Over" and Double Fantasy topped the charts in the UK and the US. "Imagine" hit number one in the UK in January 1981 and "Happy Xmas" peaked at number two. "Imagine" was succeeded at

9690-464: Was me singing 'help ' ". He had put on weight (he would later refer to this as his "Fat Elvis" period), and felt he was subconsciously seeking change. In March that year he and Harrison were unknowingly introduced to LSD when a dentist, hosting a dinner party attended by the two musicians and their partners, spiked the guests' coffee with the drug. When they wanted to leave, their host revealed what they had taken, and strongly advised them not to leave

9792-515: Was pronounced dead on arrival at 11:15   p.m. (EST). Ono issued a statement the next day, saying "There is no funeral for John", ending it with the words, "John loved and prayed for the human race. Please do the same for him." His remains were cremated at Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York . Ono scattered his ashes in New York's Central Park , where the Strawberry Fields memorial

9894-427: Was recorded for a planned follow-up album Milk and Honey , which was issued posthumously, in 1984. Double Fantasy was not well received initially and drew comments such as Melody Maker ' s "indulgent sterility   ... a godawful yawn". In New York, at approximately 5:00 p.m. on 8 December 1980, Lennon autographed a copy of Double Fantasy for Mark David Chapman before leaving The Dakota with Ono for

9996-584: Was released in December that year. While the film itself proved to be their first critical flop, its soundtrack release , featuring Lennon's Lewis Carroll –inspired " I Am the Walrus ", was a success. Led by Harrison and Lennon's interest, the Beatles travelled to the Maharishi's ashram in India in February 1968 for further guidance. While there, they composed most of the songs for their double album The Beatles , but

10098-531: Was the group's de facto leader, a role he gradually seemed to cede to McCartney. Through his songwriting in the Beatles, he embraced myriad musical influences, initially writing and co-writing rock and pop-orientated hit songs in the band's early years, then later incorporating experimental elements into his compositions in the latter half of the Beatles' career as his songs became known for their increasing innovation. Lennon soon expanded his work into other media by participating in numerous films, including How I Won

10200-566: Was the one who all the other boys' parents – including Paul's father – would say, "Keep away from him" ... The parents instinctively recognised I was a troublemaker, meaning I did not conform and I would influence their children, which I did. I did my best to disrupt every friend's home ... Partly out of envy that I didn't have this so-called home ... but I did ... There were five women that were my family. Five strong , intelligent , beautiful women, five sisters. One happened to be my mother. [She] just couldn't deal with life. She

10302-607: Was the youngest and she had a husband who ran away to sea and the war was on and she couldn't cope with me, and I ended up living with her elder sister. Now those women were fantastic ... And that was my first feminist education ... I would infiltrate the other boys' minds. I could say, "Parents are not gods because I don't live with mine and, therefore, I know." He regularly visited his cousin Stanley Parkes, who lived in Fleetwood and took him on trips to local cinemas. During

10404-529: Was voted eighth in a BBC history poll of the 100 Greatest Britons . Rolling Stone ranked him the fifth-greatest singer and 38th greatest artist of all time . He was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame (in 1997) and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (twice, as a member of the Beatles in 1988 and as a solo artist in 1994). John Winston Lennon was born on 9 October 1940 at Liverpool Maternity Hospital ,

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