The Public Suffix List ( PSL ) is a community-maintained list of rules that describe the internet domain name suffixes under which independent organisations can register their own sites. Entries on the list are referred to as effective top-level domains ( eTLDs ), and contain commonly used suffixes like com, net and co.uk, as well as private suffixes like appspot.com and github.io.
26-715: The Mozilla Foundation created the PSL for the security and privacy policies of the Firefox web browser, but it is widely used in many different internet technologies with varying success, under the Mozilla Public License (MPL). The list has been shown to have numerous issues to do with privacy and security, mostly caused by applications using outdated versions. A copy of the list is stored by all modern browsers, including Firefox, Chrome and Opera . They use it for features such as allowing cookie registration, detecting domain names in
52-534: A flood of inappropriate requests for domains to be added to the Public Suffix List. Mozilla Foundation 37°23′17″N 122°04′58″W / 37.38792°N 122.08284°W / 37.38792; -122.08284 The Mozilla Foundation (stylized as moz://a ) is an American non-profit organization that exists to support and collectively lead the open source Mozilla project. Founded in July 2003,
78-463: A number of factors including doing what's best for our brand, our effort to provide quality web search, and the broader content experience for our users. We believe there are opportunities to work with Oath and Verizon outside of search." Beijing Mozilla Online Ltd ( Chinese : 北京谋智网络技术有限公司 ), a.k.a. Mozilla China, is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Mozilla Corporation . Mozilla China
104-474: A profit through the use of OpenSSH in their packaged distributions, the Mozilla Foundation donated $ 10,000 to de Raadt and OpenBSD for OpenSSH development. The funds donated came from money earned through the income provided by Google. The Mozilla Foundation found that without OpenSSH, much of the work done by developers would be through insecure and unsafe methods, and gave the funds as a thank you. At
130-587: Is a tax-paying entity, giving it much greater freedom in its revenue and business activities. From 2004 to 2014, most revenue came from a deal with Google , the default search engine in the Firefox web browser. In November 2014, Mozilla signed a five-year partnership with Yahoo, making Yahoo! Search the default search engine for Firefox in the US. Yandex Search is the default for Firefox in Russia and Baidu continues its role as
156-465: Is funded by donations and 2% of annual net revenues from the Mozilla Corporation, amounting to over US$ 8.3 million in 2016. Initial funding in 2003 came from AOL , which donated US$ 2 million, and from Mitch Kapor who donated US$ 300,000. The group has tax-exempt status under section 501(c)(3) of the U.S. tax code , though the Mozilla Corporation subsidiary is taxable. In 2006,
182-501: Is headquartered in Beijing . On January 28, 2020, the Mozilla Foundation announced that the Thunderbird project would henceforth be operating from a new wholly owned subsidiary, MZLA Technologies Corporation, in order to explore offering products and services that were not previously possible and to collect revenue through partnerships and non-charitable donations. The Mozilla Foundation
208-629: The Internet to continue to benefit the public good as well as commercial aspects of life." On February 23, 1998, Netscape created the Mozilla Organization to co-ordinate the development of the Mozilla Application Suite . When AOL (Netscape's parent) drastically scaled back its involvement with Mozilla Organization, the Mozilla Foundation was launched on July 15, 2003, to ensure Mozilla could survive without Netscape. AOL assisted in
234-519: The Mozilla Foundation received US$ 66.8 million in revenues, of which US$ 61.5 million is attributed to "search royalties" from Google. From 2004 to 2014, the foundation had a deal with Google to make Google Search the default in the Firefox browser search bar and hence send it search referrals; a Firefox-themed Google search site was also made the default home page of Firefox. The original contract expired in November 2006. However, Google renewed
260-462: The address bar and site grouping. It is also used in many other tools such as CURL . Services like Let's Encrypt and Cloudflare are known to use it for per-site rate limiting. According to Mozilla, A "public suffix" is one under which Internet users can directly register names. Some examples of public suffixes are ".com", ".co.uk" and "pvt.k12.ma.us". While com , uk , and us are top-level domains (TLDs), Internet users cannot always register
286-479: The contract until November 2008 and again through 2011. On December 20, 2011, Mozilla announced that the contract was once again renewed for at least three years to November 2014, at three times the amount previously paid, or nearly US$ 300 million annually. Approximately 90% of Mozilla's royalties revenue for 2014 was derived from this contract. In November 2014, Mozilla signed a five-year partnership (effective December 2014) with Yahoo! , making Yahoo! Search
SECTION 10
#1732875793370312-404: The creation of Mozilla Corporation , described as "a taxable subsidiary that serves the non-profit, public benefit goals of its parent, the Mozilla Foundation, and that will be responsible for product development, marketing and distribution of Mozilla products." It also handles relationships with businesses, many of which generate income. Unlike the Mozilla Foundation, the Mozilla Corporation
338-561: The default in China. In November 2017, Mozilla terminated its agreement with Yahoo two years earlier than planned. While numerous factors were attributed to the decision to terminate the agreement, including some mention that Mozilla saw declining revenues related to the switch, likely the impetus was related to the recent acquisition of Yahoo by Verizon and Oath. Per Mozilla Chief Business and Legal Officer Denelle Dixon, "We exercised our contractual right to terminate our agreement with Yahoo! based on
364-705: The default search engine for Firefox in North America. This partnership came with an annual price tag of US$ 375 million to be paid by Yahoo! or its acquirer in the event of an acquisition. There was also a clause stating that Mozilla reserved the right to terminate the deal early if it did not want to work with the acquirer, but the acquirer would still have to pay Mozilla the full sum per year until 2019. The default search engine in Russia will be Yandex , and in China , Baidu . In November 2017, however, Mozilla announced that it
390-526: The development of technologies, content, and ideas utilizing the Interledger Protocol. Management of this fund was transferred to the Interledger Foundation in 2021. On November 4, 2024, The Mozilla Foundation announced via email they had laid off 30% of its employees as the organization says it faces a "relentless onslaught of change." On August 3, 2005, the Mozilla Foundation announced
416-561: The end of 2010, the Mozilla Foundation partnered with Knoxville Zoo in an effort to raise awareness about endangered red pandas. Two red panda (a.k.a. Firefox ) cubs born at the Knoxville Zoo have officially become a part of the Mozilla community. The cubs are named Spark and Ember by online voters, and Mozilla broadcasts a 24-hour live video stream of the cubs for several months. Mozilla Manifesto The Mozilla Manifesto lays out
442-478: The guiding principles of the Mozilla Foundation , the non-profit that leads the open-source Mozilla project best-known for its Firefox web browser . Penned in 2007 by Mitchell Baker , with adjustments in 2018, it promotes free software , universal access to the internet , and interoperable technologies, and emphasizes values of privacy , openness, and a belief in the ability of the internet to enrich
468-471: The initial creation of the Mozilla Foundation, transferring hardware and intellectual property to the organization, employed a three-person team for the first three months of its existence to help with the transition, and donated $ 2 million to the foundation over two years. In September 2019, the Mozilla Foundation, Creative Commons , and Coil announced Grant for the Web, a $ 100 million fund designed to support
494-524: The list are: The PSL has been seen as a tool for a variety of goals related to security, privacy, usability and resource management which can be in tension with each other, leading to maintenance difficulties and operational challenges. Ideas for effective approaches such as dbound, HTTP State Tokens and First Party Sets have been explored without consensus yet on good alternatives. In 2021, privacy enhancements in iOS 14.5 related to Apple's Identifier for Advertisers and unclear guidance from Facebook led to
520-418: The lives of people. The manifesto, adapted from principles Mozilla had held since it was founded in 1998, was written by Mitchell Baker and originally published in 2007. As a result of the subsequent evolution of the internet, which led Baker to believe that "the power of the internet [has been] used to magnify divisiveness, incite violence, promote hatred, and intentionally manipulate fact and reality",
546-597: The manifesto was updated on the 20th anniversary of the founding of Mozilla in 2018 to add values of human dignity, tolerance, and civil discourse. The manifesto outlines the guiding principles of the Mozilla Foundation and includes a pledge for how it will further those principles. It also asserts Mozilla's commitment to the internet , saying: "The open, global internet is the most powerful communication and collaboration resource we have ever seen. It embodies some of our deepest hopes for human progress." The manifesto lays out 10 key principles: The manifesto also includes
SECTION 20
#1732875793370572-432: The next level of domain, such as "co.uk" or "wy.us", because these may be controlled by domain registrars . By contrast, users can register second level domains within com , such as example.com , because registrars control only the top level. The Public Suffix List is intended to enumerate all domain suffixes controlled by registrars, as well as those controlled privately such as github.io . An internet site consists of
598-448: The online resources which can be controlled by the registrant of a domain name. That includes resources available via the domain and all its sub-domains. Two domains are related if they are in the same site, i.e. they share a suffix that is not included in the Public Suffix List. Security issues like a same-site attack can arise if the Public Suffix List is incorrect, or if browsers or sites are not properly configured. Some uses for
624-594: The organization sets the policies that govern development, operates critical infrastructure, and controls Mozilla trademarks and copyrights . It owns two taxable subsidiaries: the Mozilla Corporation , which employs many Mozilla developers and coordinates releases of the Mozilla Firefox web browser , and MZLA Technologies Corporation, which employs developers to work on the Mozilla Thunderbird email client and coordinate its releases. The Mozilla Foundation
650-661: Was founded by the Netscape -affiliated Mozilla Organization. The organization is currently based in the Silicon Valley city of Mountain View , California , United States. The Mozilla Foundation describes itself as "a non-profit organization that promotes openness, innovation and participation on the Internet." The Mozilla Foundation is guided by the Mozilla Manifesto , which lists 10 principles which Mozilla believes "are critical for
676-411: Was switching back to Google as the default search engine. This represented an early termination of its Yahoo partnership. Nabiha Syed was named the executive director of the Mozilla Foundation on May 15, 2024. As of July 2024 , the Mozilla Foundation board of directors has ten members: In 2006, after a request from Theo de Raadt of OpenBSD for funding from corporate entities that make
#369630