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16-613: (Redirected from Ptolemic ) Ptolemaic is the adjective formed from the name Ptolemy, and may refer to: Pertaining to the Ptolemaic dynasty [ edit ] Ptolemaic dynasty , the Macedonian Greek dynasty that ruled Egypt founded in 305 BC by Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemaic Kingdom Pertaining to a certain ancient writer [ edit ] Relating to Ptolemy , 2nd-century AD geographer and astronomer/astrologer Ptolemaic system ,

32-462: A century into the dynasty's history. All the male rulers of the dynasty took the name Ptolemy , while queens regnant were all called Cleopatra , Arsinoe , or Berenice . The most famous member of the line was the last queen, Cleopatra VII , known for her role in the Roman political battles between Julius Caesar and Pompey , and later between Octavian and Mark Antony . Her apparent suicide after

48-584: A geocentric model of the universe developed in detail by the astronomer Claudius Ptolemaeus See also [ edit ] Ptolemy (name) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Ptolemaic . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemaic&oldid=852498580 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

64-414: A number of the Ptolemaic dynasty members as extremely obese , while sculptures and coins reveal prominent eyes and swollen necks. Familial Graves' disease could explain the swollen necks and eye prominence ( exophthalmos ), although this is unlikely to occur in the presence of morbid obesity. This is all likely due to inbreeding depression . In view of the familial nature of these findings, members of

80-756: Is a male given name, derived from Ancient Greek and meaning 'warlike'. It is formed from the Epic Greek πτόλεμος ptolemos meaning 'war'. The name was used throughout the Greek world , but was particularly popular in ancient Macedon and its nobility. During the Hellenistic period, Ptolemy I Soter , a general of Alexander the Great , founded the Ptolemaic dynasty which ruled their Kingdom in Ancient Egypt . All male rulers of

96-419: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Ptolemaic dynasty Ptolemy , a general and one of the somatophylakes (bodyguard companions) of Alexander the Great , was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC he declared himself Pharaoh Ptolemy I, later known as Sōter "Saviour". The Egyptians soon accepted

112-599: The Hellenisation that followed the conquest of the known world by Alexander the Great . The Aramaic name Bar- Talmai 'son of Talmai' (Greek Bartolomaios , English Bartholomew ) may be related ( Bartholomew the Apostle is thus thought to have been the son of a Ptolemy.)³ Ptolemais is formed from this name by the Greek feminine adjectival ending -i(d)s . Ptolemy commonly refers to Claudius Ptolemaeus (ca. 90 AD–ca. 168 AD),

128-676: The Roman conquest of Egypt marked the end of Ptolemaic rule in Egypt. Dates in brackets on the Cup of the Ptolemies represent the regnal dates of the Ptolemaic pharaohs. They frequently ruled jointly with their wives, who were often also their sisters, aunts or cousins. Several queens exercised regal authority. Of these, one of the last and most famous was Cleopatra ("Cleopatra VII Philopator", 51–30 BC), with her two brothers and her son serving as successive nominal co-rulers . Several systems exist for numbering

144-748: The Elder Siamun Psusennes II Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt Harsiese A Takelot II Pedubast I Shoshenq VI Osorkon III Takelot III Rudamun Menkheperre Ini Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt Tefnakht Bakenranef ( Sargonid dynasty ) Tiglath-Pileser Shalmaneser Marduk-apla-iddina II Sargon Sennacherib Marduk-zakir-shumi II Marduk-apla-iddina II Bel-ibni Ashur-nadin-shumi Nergal-ushezib Mushezib-Marduk Esarhaddon Ashurbanipal Ashur-etil-ilani Sinsharishkun Sin-shumu-lishir Ashur-uballit II Ptolemy (name) Ptolemy ( Ancient Greek : Πτολεμαῖος , Ptolemaios )

160-1690: The Ptolemaic dynasty are likely to have suffered from a multi-organ fibrotic condition such as Erdheim–Chester disease , or a familial multifocal fibrosclerosis where thyroiditis, obesity and ocular proptosis may have all occurred concurrently. ( Shamshi-Adad dynasty 1808–1736 BCE) (Amorites) Shamshi-Adad I Ishme-Dagan I Mut-Ashkur Rimush Asinum Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi Nasir-Sin Sin-namir Ipqi-Ishtar Adad-salulu Adasi (Non-dynastic usurpers 1735–1701 BCE) Puzur-Sin Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi Nasir-Sin Sin-namir Ipqi-Ishtar Adad-salulu Adasi ( Adaside dynasty 1700–722 BCE) Bel-bani Libaya Sharma-Adad I Iptar-Sin Bazaya Lullaya Shu-Ninua Sharma-Adad II Erishum III Shamshi-Adad II Ishme-Dagan II Shamshi-Adad III Ashur-nirari I Puzur-Ashur III Enlil-nasir I Nur-ili Ashur-shaduni Ashur-rabi I Ashur-nadin-ahhe I Enlil-Nasir II Ashur-nirari II Ashur-bel-nisheshu Ashur-rim-nisheshu Ashur-nadin-ahhe II Second Intermediate Period Sixteenth Dynasty Abydos Dynasty Seventeenth Dynasty (1500–1100 BCE) Kidinuid dynasty Igehalkid dynasty Untash-Napirisha Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt Smendes Amenemnisu Psusennes I Amenemope Osorkon

176-589: The Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt. The new dynasty adopted the Egyptian titles and iconography, showing respect to local traditions, while also preserving their own Greek language and culture. The Ptolemaic period was marked by the intense interactions and blending of the Greek and Egyptian cultures. Under the Ptolemies, Hellenistic religion was largely shaped by religious syncretism and imperial cult . Elements of Greek education became widespread in urban spaces, culminating in

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192-563: The childless marriage of siblings Ptolemy II and Arsinoe II being an exception. The first child-producing incestuous marriage in the Ptolemaic dynasty was that of Ptolemy IV and Arsinoe III , who were succeeded as co-pharaohs by their son Ptolemy V , born 210 BC. The best-known Ptolemaic pharaoh, Cleopatra VII , was at different times married to and ruled with two of her brothers ( Ptolemy XIII until 47 BC and then Ptolemy XIV until 44 BC), and their parents were also likely to have been siblings or possibly cousins. Contemporaries describe

208-554: The dynasty bore the name 'Ptolemy', the last being Ptolemy XII Auletes , father of Cleopatra . Common variants include Ptolemaeus (Latin), Tolomeo (Italian) and Talmai (Hebrew). Ptolemy is the English form of the Ancient Greek name Πτολεμαῖος ( Ptolemaios ), a derivative of πτόλεμος , an Epic form of πόλεμος 'war' and the suffix -αῖος -aios meaning 'pertaining' or 'belonging to'. A nephew of Antigonus I Monophthalmus

224-736: The foundation of the Mouseion (including the Library of Alexandria ) and the Serapeum . During the Hellenistic period, the city of Alexandria founded by Alexander the Great would gradually surpass Athens taking its place as the intellectual centre of the Mediterranean world. To emulate the previous dynasties of Egypt, the Ptolemaic dynasty eventually adopted the practice of inbreeding including sibling marriage ; this did not start in earnest until nearly

240-403: The later rulers; the one used here is the one most widely employed by modern scholars. Continuing the tradition established by previous Egyptian dynasties , the Ptolemies engaged in inbreeding including sibling marriage , with many of the pharaohs being married to their siblings and often co-ruling with them. Ptolemy I and other early rulers of the dynasty were not married to their relatives,

256-539: Was called Polemaeus , the normal form of the adjective. Ptolemaios is first attested in Homer 's Iliad and is the name of an Achaean warrior, son of Piraeus, father of Eurymedon. The name Ptolemaios varied over the years from its roots in ancient Greece , appearing in different languages in various forms and spellings: The name Ptolemy spread from its Greek origins to enter other languages in Western Asia during

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