Colin James Oliver Harrison (18 August 1926 – 17 November 2003) was an English ornithologist .
54-427: P. longidentata Harrison & C.A.Walker , 1976 (disputed) P. longirostris (Spulski, 1910) ( type species ) P. stirtoni Howard & Warter, 1969 (disputed) P. tenuirostris Harrison, 1985 (disputed) P. tshulensis (Aver'janov, Panteleev, Potapova & Nesov , 1991) (disputed) and see text Neodontornis Harrison & C.A.Walker , 1976 (but see text) Pseudodontornis
108-419: A nomen nudum . And though it served as the namesake for a popular alternate common name of the pseudotooth birds – "pseudodontorns" or "pseudodontornids" – that was extensively used in the 20th century, current authors prefer "pelagornithids" because this is less fraught with taxonomic dispute. Pelagornis , the type genus of the family Pelagornithidae, was long unrecognized as a pseudotooth bird as it
162-515: A Large Macrophagous Dolphin from the Oligocene of South Carolina" . Current Biology . 30 (16): 3267–3273.e2. Bibcode : 2020CBio...30E3267B . doi : 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.012 . ISSN 0960-9822 . PMID 32649912 . S2CID 220435400 . ^ Boessenecker, Robert.W; Beatty, Brian.L.; Geiser, Johnathan.H. (April 2023). "New specimens and species of the Oligocene toothed baleen whale Coronodon from South Carolina and
216-476: A fairly good match in size for the "P." stirtoni holotype . Though the proposed separation of this species in a monotypic genus Neodontornis has been generally rejected, given the fossils' distinctness from P. longirostris in age, features, occurrence and size, it may just as well be appropriate. Pseudotooth bird fossils from Early to Middle Miocene Astoria and perhaps also Nye Formations of Oregon have also been assigned to Pseudodontornis . This
270-524: A lateral tooth from a very young individual (BCGM 9054). A sand shark . Carcharhinus C. gibbesi BCGM 9056–9062, SC 2009.18.6. The most abundant non- batoid elasmobranch in the Chandler Bridge sample. [REDACTED] C. leucas Upper sandy unit. The bull shark . [REDACTED] Carcharocles C. angustidens Upper sandy unit. Teeth. Reassigned to
324-590: A number of articles with Cyril Walker . He studied and published on different aspects of bird behaviour, on plumage patterns, and on the bone structure of modern and fossil birds. He identified Eostrix vincenti in 1980. This article about a biologist from England is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a British ornithologist is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Chandler Bridge Formation Coordinates : 32°48′N 79°48′W / 32.8°N 79.8°W / 32.8; -79.8 From Misplaced Pages,
378-578: A nursery area for the species. [REDACTED] O. sp. Teeth (BCGM 9055, SC 2009.18.5). A megatooth shark . Physogaleus P. aduncus Teeth (BCGM 9063–9066, SC 2009.18.7). A ground shark . P. contortus Upper sandy unit. A ground shark . P. sp. Broken and/or abraded teeth (BCGM 9067 and 9068, SC 2009.18.8). A ground shark . Rhincodon R. cf. R. typus Teeth (BCGM 9044 and 9045, SC 2009.18.2). The oldest fossil record of
432-559: A professional ornithologist at the age of 34 and became responsible for the care of the national collection of birds' nests and eggs in the Bird Room at the Natural History Museum at Tring, Hertfordshire. In 1966 he led the fourth of the series of Harold Hall Australian ornithological collecting expeditions . Harrison later became interested in biogeography and the museum's avian paleontological collection, on which he published
486-412: Is a rather disputed genus of the prehistoric pseudotooth birds . The pseudotooth birds or pelagornithids were probably rather close relatives of either pelicans and storks , or of waterfowl , and are here placed in the order Odontopterygiformes to account for this uncertainty. Up to five species are commonly recognized in this genus. But actually the genus Pseudodontornis is barely more than
540-596: Is an approximately contemporary species from Zhylga ( Kazakhstan ) that is sometimes placed in Odontopteryx . P. longidentata was described from the Ypresian London Clay of the Isle of Sheppey ( England ); it is probably a junior synonym of Macrodontopteryx oweni (or Odontopteryx oweni ) or – more likely due to its size – Dasornis emuinus . "P." stirtoni is a supposed Neogene member of this lineage. It
594-619: Is due to a writer's error, however, and should be "pseudodontornids". These remains are probably referrable to Osteodontornis . [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Colin James Oliver Harrison Harrison was born in London . He got a scholarship to grammar school, and then worked as a librarian and a teacher. He had been interested in birds since childhood, and joined an expedition to study autumn migration in Norway . He became
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#1733085967660648-459: Is known from an incomplete but quite well preserved fossil skull of unknown age and origin; it was bought from a merchant who had acquired it from a sailor returning from Brazil , but the specimen is widely presumed to be actually from the North Sea region. It is tentatively assigned an Eocene age, if only due to the fact that suitable lagerstätten of different age were not known when the specimen
702-452: Is not as markedly elongated back- and downwards as in the Ypresian (Early Eocene) Dasornis and Odontopteryx and seems to be in a more apomorphic condition, which would agree with a late Paleogene , possibly even (like Pelagornis ) Neogene age for the holotype. Its quadrate bone had a broad main shaft like in Odontopteryx which like in that genus bore a broad lateral ridge that
756-972: The Ashley and Belgrade formations. [REDACTED] Coronodon C. newtonorum A manmade exposure in the vicinity of North Charleston, South Carolina . Partial skeleton (ChM PV 2778). A toothed mysticete . C. planifrons Drainage ditch in North Charleston, South Carolina . Partial skeleton (CCNHM 166) & isolated upper right M3 (CCNHM 8732). A toothed mysticete . Cotylocara C. macei A xenorophid . [REDACTED] Echovenator E. sandersi "Drainage ditch associated with Limehouse Branch Creek, Berkeley County, South Carolina ". A nearly-complete skull. A xenorophid . Eomysticetus E. carolinensis Bed 2. A mysticete . E whitmorei Bed 3, uppermost portion of
810-474: The Ashley and Parachucla formations. Metaxytherium M. albifontanum Remains of a subadult individual (SC 89.115) and a young adult individual (ChM PV4757). A dugongid also found in the Parachucla Formation . Priscosiren P. atlantica SC 89.254. A dugongid . Stegosiren S. macei A dugongid also found in
864-695: The Ashley Formation and is overlain by the Edisto Formation. Vertebrate paleofauna [ edit ] Mammals [ edit ] Carnivorans [ edit ] Carnivorans reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Phocidae Gen. et. sp. indeterminate Proximal portion of a right femur (ChM PV5712). "A taxon closely comparable to
918-424: The Ashley Formation . Procolpochelys P. charlestonensis ChM PV6056 (a largely complete carapace associated with a few fragmentary vertebrae, pectoral girdle elements, humerus, and femur) and a skull fragment. A cheloniid . [REDACTED] cf. Psephophorus cf. P. sp. Bed 1. CCNHM 5543 (an isolated ridged ossicle). A dermochelyid , also found in
972-580: The Ashley Formation . R. sp. Teeth (BCGM 9087–9089, SC 2009.18.16). A skate with teeth twice as large as those of R. mccollumi , but far less common. Rhinoptera R. cf. R. studeri Teeth (BCGM 9122 and 9123, SC 2009.18.24). A cownose ray . R. sp. Upper sandy unit. A cownose ray . [REDACTED] Rhynchobatus R. pristinus Teeth (BCGM 9084–9086, SC 2009.18.14). A wedgefish . Sharks [ edit ] Sharks reported from
1026-483: The Ashley Formation . [REDACTED] Fish [ edit ] Bony fish [ edit ] Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text ; crossed out taxa are discredited. Bony Fish reported from
1080-479: The Ashley Formation . [REDACTED] Reptiles [ edit ] Birds [ edit ] Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text ; crossed out taxa are discredited. Birds reported from
1134-713: The Cooper Formation . Crocodilians [ edit ] Crocodilians reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Gavialosuchus G. carolinensis A tooth (BCGM 9197). Now moved to the genus Thecachampsa . Thecachampsa T. carolinensis A tooth (BCGM 9197). A gavialid . [REDACTED] Testudines [ edit ] Testudines reported from
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#17330859676601188-582: The Miocene or Pliocene , i.e. a period of 20 million years. The Motunau Beach skull resembles the roughly contemporary Osteodontornis of the North Pacific in having a jugal arch that is short and very stout behind the orbital process of the prefrontal bone – apparently unlike in P. longirostris . But the fossil femur measures 12.95 cm (5.10 in) – only half as large as that of Osteodontornis (or P. longirostris , for that matter). "P." stirtoni
1242-440: The whale shark . [REDACTED] Rhizoprionodon R. sp. Small, imperfectly preserved teeth (BCGM 9069 and 9070, SC 2009.18.9). A sharpnose shark . [REDACTED] Sphyrna S. cf. S. media BCGM 9075–9077, SC 2009.18.11. A hammerhead shark . [REDACTED] S. zygaena BCGM 9078 and 9079, SC 2009.18.12. The more common of
1296-581: The "toothed" beak. One of the species typically placed here – though in fact one that is rather unlikely to actually belong in Pseudodontornis – is the only smallish pseudotooth bird species known with certainty from the Neogene as of 2009. However, the enigmatic Tympanonesiotes was of similar size and may also be of Neogene age. The type species P. longirostris (initially placed in Odontopteryx )
1350-841: The Chandler Bridge Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Aglyptorhynchus A. sp. 2 isolated vertebral centra. Cylindracanthus C. sp. Upper sandy unit. A billfish . Histiophorus H. rotundus ChM PV4864. A swordfish , now reassigned to Xiphiorhynchus . Xiphiorhynchus X. cf. X. aegyptiacus "McKewn Subdivision, North Charleston , Dorchester County, South Carolina". A partial rostrum . A swordfish . X. rotundus ChM PV4864. A swordfish . Rays [ edit ] Rays reported from
1404-671: The Chandler Bridge Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Alopias A. cf. A. vulpinus Teeth (BCGM 9046–9048, SC 2009.18.3). A thresher shark . [REDACTED] Bythaelurus B. sp. A fragmentary tooth (BCGM 9074). A catshark . [REDACTED] Carcharias C. cuspidatus Teeth (BCGM 9051 and 9052). A sand shark . [REDACTED] C. sp. A posterior tooth (BCGM 9053) and
1458-1410: The Chandler Bridge Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Anoxypristis A single rostral spine. A sawfish . [REDACTED] Dasyatidae Dasyatidae gen. et. sp. indet. Teeth (BCGM 9100 and 9101, SC 2009.18.19). A stingray . Dasyatis D. cavernosa Teeth (BCGM 9096, 9097, and 9103, SC 2009.18.17). A stingray . D. rugosa BCGM 9098 and 9099, SC 2009.18.18. A stingray . Gymnura G. sp. A tooth (BCGM 9107). A butterfly ray . [REDACTED] Mobula M. cf. M. loupianensis BCGM 9133–9142, SC 2009.18.20. Myliobatinae Myliobatinae gen. indet. Partial medial teeth and complete lateral teeth (BCGM 9114–9117, SC 2009.18.22). An eagle ray . Paramobula P. fragilis Teeth (BCGM 9111–9113, SC 2009.18.21). Plinthicus P. stenodon Upper sandy unit. BCGM 9118–9121, SC 2009.18.23 The oldest record of this species. Raja Raja mccollumi " Summerville , Dorchester County, South Carolina ". Teeth. A skate also found in
1512-972: The Chandler Bridge Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Ashleychelys A. palmeri Multiple specimens. A cheloniid also found in the Ashley Formation . Bairdemys B. healeyorum A largely complete skeleton and a partial anterior carapace. A podocnemid . Carolinochelys C. wilsoni Upper sandy unit. Multiple specimens. A cheloniid . [REDACTED] cf. Egyptemys cf. E. sp. Bed 1. CCNHM 4289 (a ridged carapacial ossicle). A dermochelyid . Natemys N. sp. 1 CCNHM 4405.1–4405.5 (five associated non-ridged carapacial ossicles); CCNHM 5540, 5541, and 5542 (three non-ridged carapacial ossicles). A dermochelyid , also known from
1566-735: The Chandler Bridge Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Palaeochenoides P. mioceanus Distal end of a tarsometatarsus . A dubious pelagornithid, may instead be from the Cooper Formation . Pelagornis P. sandersi Bed 2 near Charleston Airport . A pelagornithid . [REDACTED] Sulidae Upper sandy unit. Tympanonesiotes T. wetmorei A very fragmentary piece of tarsometatarsus . A dubious pelagornithid, may instead be from
1620-606: The Chandler Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South Carolina, USA - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica" . www.app.pan.pl . Retrieved 2022-09-06 . ^ Domning, Daryl P. (1997-06-19). "Fossil Sirenia of the west Atlantic and Caribbean region. VI. Crenatosiren olseni (Reinhart, 1976)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 17 (2): 397–412. Bibcode : 1997JVPal..17..397D . doi : 10.1080/02724634.1997.10010984 . ISSN 0272-4634 . ^ VÉLEZ-JUARBE, JORGE; DOMNING, DARYL P. (2014). "Fossil Sirenia of
1674-744: The Chandler Bridge and Ashley formations (Oligocene) of South Carolina, USA" . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica . 65 . doi : 10.4202/app.00740.2020 . ISSN 0567-7920 . S2CID 229663826 . ^ Monsch, Kenneth A.; Fierstine, Harry L.; Weems, Robert E. (2005-06-27). "Taxonomic revision and stratigraphic provenance of '† Histiophorus rotundus' Woodward 1901 (Teleostei, Perciformes)" . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 25 (2): 274–279. doi : 10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0274:traspo]2.0.co;2 . ISSN 0272-4634 . S2CID 131173294 . ^ Miller, A. E.; Gibson, M. L.; Boessenecker, R. W. (2021). "A megatoothed shark ( Carcharocles angustidens ) nursery in
Pseudodontornis - Misplaced Pages Continue
1728-1350: The Oligocene Charleston Embayment, South Carolina, USA" . Palaeontologia Electronica . 24 (2): Article number 24.2.a19. doi : 10.26879/1148 . Bibliography [ edit ] Albright, L.B.; Sanders, A.E.; Weems, R.E.; Cicimurri, D.J.; Knight, J.L. (2019), "Cenozoic vertebrate biostratigraphy of South Carolina, U.S.A. and additions to the fauna" , Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History , 57 (2): 77–236, doi : 10.58782/flmnh.qqgg4577 , retrieved 2020-03-27 Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chandler_Bridge_Formation&oldid=1258343796 " Categories : Geologic formations of South Carolina Paleogene geology of South Carolina Oligocene Series of North America Chattian Stage Arikareean Sandstone formations Shallow marine deposits Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of North America Paleontology in South Carolina Hidden categories: Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list Articles with short description Short description
1782-839: The Oligocene of South Carolina" . Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology . 8 : 98–104. doi : 10.18435/vamp29367 . ISSN 2292-1389 . S2CID 225527250 . ^ Boessenecker, Robert W.; Geisler, Jonathan H. (2018-09-28). "New records of the archaic dolphin Agorophius (Mammalia: Cetacea) from the upper Oligocene Chandler Bridge Formation of South Carolina, USA" . PeerJ . 6 : e5290. doi : 10.7287/peerj.5290v0.1/reviews/2 . PMC 6166619 . PMID 30280011 . ^ Boessenecker, Robert W.; Churchill, Morgan; Buchholtz, Emily A.; Beatty, Brian L.; Geisler, Jonathan H. (2020-08-17). "Convergent Evolution of Swimming Adaptations in Modern Whales Revealed by
1836-718: The United States [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Chandler Bridge Formation (South Carolina) Show map of South Carolina The Chandler Bridge Formation is a geologic formation in South Carolina . It preserves fossils dating back to the Chattian (Late Oligocene ) of the Paleogene period , corresponding to the Arikareean in the NALMA classification . The formation overlies
1890-781: The West Atlantic and Caribbean Region. Ix. Metaxytherium Albifontanum, Sp. Nov" . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 34 (2): 444–464. Bibcode : 2014JVPal..34..444V . doi : 10.1080/02724634.2013.799072 . ISSN 0272-4634 . JSTOR 24523238 . S2CID 86498351 . ^ Vélez-Juarbe, Jorge; Domning, Daryl P. (2014-06-07). "Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean region: X. Priscosiren atlantica, gen. et sp. nov". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 34 (4): 951–964. Bibcode : 2014JVPal..34..951V . doi : 10.1080/02724634.2013.815192 . ISSN 0272-4634 . S2CID 85297028 . ^ Domning, Daryl P.; Beatty, Brian L. (October 2019). "Fossil Sirenia of
1944-551: The West Atlantic and Caribbean Region. XII. Stegosiren macei, gen. et sp. nov" . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 39 (3): e1650369. Bibcode : 2019JVPal..39E0369D . doi : 10.1080/02724634.2019.1650369 . ISSN 0272-4634 . S2CID 203407242 . ^ Olsen, Storrs L. (1985). Avian Biology, Vol. Vlll: Chapter 2 - THE FOSSIL RECORD OF BIRDS - Smithsonian Institution (PDF) . Academic Press. pp. 79–252. ISBN 0-12-249408-3 . ^ Ksepka, Daniel T. (2014-07-22). "Flight performance of
1998-442: The career of Clayton E. Ray . Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 179–183. OCLC 1035595001 . {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link ) ^ McCuen, William; Ishimori, Aika; Boessenecker, Robert (2020-07-13). "A New Specimen of Xiphiorhynchus sp. cf. aegyptiacus (Istiophoriformes, Xiphioidei, Xiphiidae) and Billfish Diversity in
2052-536: The description the genus might actually be a junior synonym of the (probably) Late Oligocene Palaeochenoides , or either or both might properly belong in the otherwise Miocene Pelagornis . Like in that latter genus, between each two of P. longirostris ' large "teeth" was a single smaller one; whether there were even smaller points in addition as in Pelagornis ' allopatric contemporary Osteodontornis cannot be ascertained. Its paroccipital process
2106-629: The formation. A mysticete . cf. Eurhinodelphinidae Upper sandy unit. cf. Squalodelphinidae Upper sandy unit. Squalodon A premolar (BCGM 9198). Sirenians [ edit ] Sirenians reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Crenatosiren C. olseni A dugongid also known from
2160-1103: The 💕 Geologic formation in South Carolina Chandler Bridge Formation Stratigraphic range : Chattian ( Arikareean ) ~ 27–24 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ Type Formation Unit of Cooper Group Underlies Edisto Formation Overlies Ashley Formation Lithology Primary Sandstone Location Coordinates 32°48′N 79°48′W / 32.8°N 79.8°W / 32.8; -79.8 Approximate paleocoordinates 32°54′N 74°12′W / 32.9°N 74.2°W / 32.9; -74.2 Region [REDACTED] South Carolina Country [REDACTED] United States Type section Named for Chandler Bridge [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Chandler Bridge Formation (the United States) Show map of
2214-860: The genus Otodus . C. sp. Teeth (BCGM 9055, SC 2009.18.5). Reassigned to the genus Otodus . Cetorhinus ? C. parvus Scales (BCGM 9049 and 9050, SC 2009.18.4). A basking shark . Galeocerdo G. 'casei' Upper sandy unit. Galeorhinus G. sp. Teeth (BCGM 9080–9083, SC 2009.18.13). A houndshark . [REDACTED] Hemipristis H. serra Teeth (BCGM 9071–9073, SC 2009.18.10). A weasel shark . [REDACTED] Nebrius N. cf. N. serra A tooth (SC 2009.18.1). A nurse shark . Otodus O. angustidens Upper sandy unit. Teeth. Assemblages dominated by teeth of juveniles and neonates, with few adults present, suggesting
Pseudodontornis - Misplaced Pages Continue
2268-583: The largest volant bird" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 111 (29): 10624–10629. Bibcode : 2014PNAS..11110624K . doi : 10.1073/pnas.1320297111 . ISSN 0027-8424 . PMC 4115518 . PMID 25002475 . ^ Paolo, Piras. Phylogenetic position of the crocodylian megadontosuchus arduini and tomistomine palaeobiogeography . OCLC 631972719 . ^ Weems, Robert E.; Sanders, Albert E. (January 2014). "Oligocene pancheloniid sea turtles from
2322-401: The late Oligocene Ashley and Chandler Bridge Formations of South Carolina, 3: Eomysticetidae, a new family of primitive mysticetes" . Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology . 93 : 313–356. ^ "Late Oligocene sharks and rays from
2376-756: The most specialized phocid , the modern genus Cystophora ". Cetaceans [ edit ] Cetaceans reported from the Chandler Bridge Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Agorophiidae Upper sandy unit. Referred to as Genus Y. Agorophius A. sp. "ChM PV 4256 (a partial skull and mandible with isolated teeth and associated postcrania)". An odontocete . [REDACTED] Ankylorhiza A. tiedemani Partial skeleton (CCNHM 103). An odontocete also found in
2430-963: The origin of Neoceti" . Paleontology and Evolutionary Science . 11 : e14795. doi : 10.7717/peerj.14795 . ^ Geisler, Jonathan H.; Colbert, Matthew W.; Carew, James L. (April 2014). "A new fossil species supports an early origin for toothed whale echolocation" . Nature . 508 (7496): 383–386. Bibcode : 2014Natur.508..383G . doi : 10.1038/nature13086 . ISSN 1476-4687 . PMID 24670659 . S2CID 4457391 . ^ Churchill, Morgan; Martinez-Caceres, Manuel; de Muizon, Christian; Mnieckowski, Jessica; Geisler, Jonathan H. (2016-08-22). "The Origin of High-Frequency Hearing in Whales" . Current Biology . 26 (16): 2144–2149. Bibcode : 2016CBio...26.2144C . doi : 10.1016/j.cub.2016.06.004 . ISSN 0960-9822 . PMID 27498568 . S2CID 3944589 . ^ Sanders, A. E.; Barnes, L. G. (2002-09-14). "Paleontology of
2484-715: The two hammerhead shark species found in the formation. [REDACTED] Squatina S. cf. S. angeloides BCGM 9042 and 9043. An angelshark . See also [ edit ] List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South Carolina Paleontology in South Carolina References [ edit ] ^ Chandler Bridge Formation at Fossilworks .org ^ Albright et al., 2019, p.84 ^ J., Ray, Clayton Edward. Emry, Robert (2002). Cenozoic mammals of land and sea : tributes to
2538-793: The vicinity of Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 34 (1): 80–99. Bibcode : 2014JVPal..34...80W . doi : 10.1080/02724634.2013.792826 . ISSN 0272-4634 . S2CID 128543145 . ^ Palaeontology), Gaffney Turtle Symposium (2009 : Royal Tyrrell Museum of (2013). Morphology and evolution of turtles : proceedings of the Gaffney Turtle Symposium (2009) in honor of Eugene S. Gaffney . Springer. ISBN 978-94-007-4308-3 . OCLC 1107732024 . {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link ) ^ Fallon, Bailey; Boessenecker, Robert (2020). "Multispecies leatherback assemblage from
2592-841: Was believed to be from the Early Miocene Hawthorne Formation , but in fact no Hawthorne Formation sediments were known in the Charleston region when the fossil was found. Consequently, modern authors consider a Chattian (Late Oligocene) age more likely and suggest the fossil came from the Cooper or Chandler Bridge Formation . Some fossil remains from the Middle Miocene Bahía Inglesa Formation of Chile were prematurely affiliated with P. longirostris in error; they are, if anything, of Pelagornis . The holotype skull seems to have been lost, but judging from
2646-628: Was described from a crushed skull and femur found on Motunau Beach on the eastern coast of the South Island, New Zealand . It, too, lacks crucial data; though there are suggestions that it is from the Greta Siltstone Formation or elsewhere in the Late Pliocene ( Waitotaran ) and dates back only 3.5 Ma ( million years ago ) – which would make it one of the last of the pseudotooth birds –, its age can only be constrained to some time during
2700-528: Was discovered. If not from Europe however, its age is truly undeterminable. A pseudotooth bird's lower right dentary piece (specimen YPM 4617) from near Charleston, South Carolina (United States) – apparently dredged up from near the source of the Stono River – was provisionally assigned to P. longirostris as it closely matches the holotype in size and appearance. At first the South Carolina fossil
2754-405: Was from one of the large pelagornithids, and the living bird must have had a wingspan of more than 5, quite possibly as much as 6 m (16–20 ft). It is not entirely resolved whether the other four Pseudodontornis are indeed valid and distinct species . P. tenuirostris was proposed for a Late Paleocene - Early Eocene pseudotooth bird from Herne Bay, Kent (England), and P. tshulensis
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#17330859676602808-538: Was known mainly from arm bones. Thus, though the Pelagornithidae were long recognized as very distinct, they were allied with the cormorant and gannet in suborder Sulae (or superfamily Sulides in suborder Pelecanae) before it was recognized that they are actually pseudotooth birds. The presumed family "Pseudodontornithidae", deemed invalid nowadays, had been recognized as pseudotooth birds all along, as they were established based on skull fossils preserving parts of
2862-457: Was not, however, curved, but straight as in Osteodontornis ; like in that genus, the forward center of the quadrate's ventral articulation ridge extended upwards. Unlike in either Odontopteryx or Osteodontornis , the quadrate of P. longirostris had a socket for the quadratojugal that was displaced dorsally. However its relationships may be, there can be no doubt that the mysterious skull
2916-554: Was thus marginally larger than the Australian pelican ( Pelecanus conspicillatus ) of our time, or about the size of the small Paleogene pseudotooth bird Odontopteryx toliapica . Also of this species might be a proximal right radius and a distal right humerus – McKee collection A080 183 and A111 182, respectively – from the Waipipian (around 3 Ma) Tangahoe Mudstone Formation at Hāwera on New Zealand's North Island . They are
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