21-571: Project Twin Streams is an umbrella name for a number of initiatives centred on two streams ( Opanuku and Oratia ) in the West Auckland , New Zealand . It consists of a number of environmental and community initiatives and infrastructure. This includes wetland restoration, largely carried out through volunteer work, partly to mitigate the effects of floodwaters from the Waitākere Ranges . The intent
42-447: A hairy and dense capsule with rusty, brown hair. In about one year, the capsule will mature and divide the red flesh tissue that surrounds one large seed. From this cleavage, it will show one large seed which is hidden for one year in the capsule and then, the seeds will fall to the ground and will grow into trees if they fall in the right place to support the growth of the tree or the seeds will be spread by New Zealand birds such as
63-744: Is a shiny-leaved tree native to New Zealand . It is in the family Sapindaceae . It lives in coastal and lowland forests throughout most of the North Island and from Banks Peninsula to central Westland in the South Island . Alectryon excelsus is a sub-canopy tree growing to 9 m (30 ft) in height. It has a twisting trunk with smooth dark bark, spreading branches and pinnate leaves. Adult leaflets do not have marginal teeth or usually have very few, blunt and shallow marginal teeth and usually leaflet margins are downturned, whereas, in juvenile leaflets have leaflets with strong teeth and flat along
84-464: Is also to protect/reclaim the 100-year flood plain from encroaching buildings and infrastructure. The project was achieved successfully, including 156 full and partial property purchases, despite a political decision not to use the legally available option of compulsory property purchases. The project focuses on the tributaries of Te Wai-o-Pareira / Henderson Creek and the Huruhuru Creek , including
105-489: Is often paired with Beilschmiedia tawa (tawa). This tree likes to grow in the places that have a lot of water such as wetlands . Tītoki tree gravitates towards moist soil which contains many nutrients for growth along with fertile alluvial and sandy soils. The location characteristics best suited for this tree are: ‘fertile, well-drained soils along riverbanks and associated terraces'. The plant can grow in conditions from semi-shade to full sun. The ovary develops into
126-697: The Henderson Stream , is a stream of the Auckland Region of New Zealand 's North Island . It flows east from its source the Waitākere Ranges through the Henderson Valley , then north-east through West Auckland before entering into the Te Wai-o-Pareira / Henderson Creek , which flows into the western the Waitematā Harbour . The stream passes through the rural locality of Henderson Valley and
147-729: The Momutu Stream , Ōpanuku Stream , Oratia Stream and the Waikumete Stream . The conservation works, both for the streams and the wider catchment, won second place in the International Thiess Riverprize in 2007. One of the most visible initiatives is the well-received Twin Streams Walk- and Cycleway, which allows residents and visitors to wander or ride most of the length of the two streams and some of their tributaries. The specification requirements included lighting for
168-515: The tītoki fruit borer destroys the seeds of this tree by living inside the capsule and eating the seeds. The tītoki tree is one of the native trees in New Zealand that was traditionally planted by Māori . Usually, the pulp fruit from this tree is consumed by Māori while the wood is commonly used for making trainers and wheels because the wood is very elastic and strong. Furthermore, grains from this tree are used and processed into hair oil and
189-457: The tūī , kererū , kōkako and black birds. This tree will flower from spring to early summer. Some flowers of this tree are bisexual because female flowers and male flowers are not borne on the same tree. Predators The fruit of this tree is usually eaten by possums and birds. Some insects enjoy chewing the bark and the leaves. In addition, the leaves on a small tītoki tree will be targeted by deer . Parasites The parasite known as
210-602: The North Island to the Westland area of the South Island. The farthest west would be to about Bruce Bay . It is commonly seen in lowland forests from sea level to 600 metres as well as in coastal forests of the North Island. This tree has been seen all over the South Island. A. excelsus is likely to grow anywhere from lowland forest areas and exposed coastal area sites along with sandy plains. In sandy plains, Alectryon excelsus
231-458: The West Auckland suburbs of Western Heights and Henderson . Since the mid-2000s it has been forested with native flora. The stream begins in the Waitākere Ranges , flowing east through the rural locality of Henderson Valley . In suburban Auckland, the river changes course, flowing north-east through Western Heights and Henderson . At Te Kōpua (modern-day Falls Park / Tui Glen Reserve),
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#1732887904117252-446: The banks of the stream, at Henderson Park. The stream is in the traditional rohe of Te Kawerau ā Maki , and was traditionally known as Te Wai-ō-Panuku ("The Stream of Panuku") or Ōpanuku. Ōpanuku was also a name used for the Henderson Valley in general. The stream is named after one of the oldest Te Kawerau ā Maki ancestors, Panuku, who was the wife of Parekura, and died after being kidnapped by Nihotupu. The stream represents
273-399: The edges. The length of this tree leaf are around 10–30 cm. This tree has pale grey to almost black skin with a smooth skin texture and has a stem diameter that reaches 50 cm or more. Alectryon excelsus produces small purple flowers in spring and the seeds take up to a year to mature. The female flower has a small anther (‘without pollen’) and a short stemmed sari, whereas,
294-449: The leaves of this tree will be soaked in the oil to provide a fragrant aroma. The production of oil is very traditional by crushing the seeds of the tītoki tree using a tourniquet-style hemp bag after that Māori will extract it into greenish oil. People now use the fruit for liquor production. The fruit attributes sweet and astringent taste factors to the alcohol. This product has been distilled and exported to Australia, Fiji, Japan, and
315-543: The life force of Panuku. Near Rua ō Te Whenua, the hill in the Waitākere Ranges where the stream begins, was one of the traditional burial areas of Te Kawerau ā Maki. The mid-section of the river is the location of Ōpareira, a former kāinga (unfortified settlement), while the Border Road Esplanade area in the lower stream was known as Waitaro, referring to the taro plants which grew there. The point where
336-497: The male flower has a long dangling stamen around the vestigial ovary. The colourful seed is initially contained in a hairy woody capsule which splits revealing bright red and black unpalatable fruit (the black portion being the seed). Alectryon excelsus is native to New Zealand but can be found in other places around the world. The tree has been located along street verges in San Francisco . A. excelsus can be found from
357-440: The path (which has since been installed, and provides extended use hours in the evening and morning, though not during some parts of the night), and at the time of installation, the lighting for the paths was the largest LED lighting project in New Zealand. The 3m wide paths, with some 2.5m wide side paths, were funded by a combination of Infrastructure Auckland and Land Transport New Zealand grants / subsidies. The construction of
378-457: The paths in the 2000s at that time included 5 bridges, 11 boardwalks, 5 retaining walls and a number of property purchases, for a total of slightly more than $ 10 million. The project also included a variety of local artworks, from ceramic tiles to cultural markers and kinetic sculptures, with a budget of $ 380,000. The walk- and cycleways and its lighting won several awards, including: Opanuku Stream The Ōpanuku Stream , formerly known as
399-602: The stream meets Te Wai-o-Pareira / Henderson Creek , an estuarine arm of the Waitematā Harbour . The stream has five major tributaries in the Henderson Valley: the Pukearuhe Stream, Anamata Stream, Driving Stream, Parekura Stream and Stoney Creek. The land adjacent to the stream forms an alluvial flood zone, which was historically forested by tōtara , tītoki and west coast kōwhai . Large tōtara , kahikatea , tītoki , karaka , and kauri trees can be found on
420-455: The Ōpanuku Stream at Henderson became a vineyard for Lebanese New Zealander Assid Abraham Corban in 1907. In the late 1920s, a flood washed out the bridges that crossed the Ōpanuku Stream. Between the mid-2000s and the 2020s, large-scale riparian planting was undertaken along the Ōpanuku Stream as a part of Project Twin Streams . Alectryon excelsus Alectryon excelsus , commonly known as tītoki , or sometimes New Zealand oak ,
441-467: The Ōpanuku Stream meets Te Wai-o-Pareira / Henderson Creek (modern-day Falls Park / Tui Glen Reserve) was known as Te Kōpua, and was the location of a strategic pā for Te Kawerau ā Maki. The stream was one of the first streams in West Auckland to be dammed for kauri logging in the 1850s. The river was used to transport logs from the Waitākere Ranges to the Henderson Mill. The northern banks of
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