29-602: [REDACTED] Look up sa:पृथ्वीराज in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Prithviraj , Pruthviraj or Prithvi Raj may refer to: Mononym [ edit ] Prithviraja I (r. c. 1090-1110), Indian king from the Shakambhari Chahamana dynasty Prithviraja II (r. c. 1165-1169), Indian king from the Shakambhari Chahamana dynasty Prithviraja III (r. c. 1178–1192), better known as Prithviraj Chauhan, Indian king from
58-497: A 2022 Indian Hindi-language film by Chandraprakash Dwivedi Prithviraj Road , a road in New Delhi See also [ edit ] Pithora (disambiguation) , alternate rendition of Prithviraj Prithviraj Chauhan (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Prithviraj . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
87-723: A Ghaznavid attack, and also defeated the Paramara king Naravarman . He moved the kingdom's capital from Shakambhari to Ajayameru ( Ajmer ), a city that he either established or greatly expanded. His successor Arnoraja raided the Tomara territory, and also defeated the Ghaznavid ruler Bahram Shah in the Slaughter of Turushkas near Ajmer. However, he suffered setbacks against the Gujarat Chaulukya kings Jayasimha Siddharaja and Kumarapala , and
116-565: A band of 700 Chaulukyas came to Pushkara Tirtha to rob the Brahmins during the reign of Prithviraja I. The Chahamana king defeated and killed them. This legend may be a reference to Prithviraja's conflict with either Karna or Jayasimha Siddharaja , the Chaulukya kings of Gujarat . However, because the text does not provide any additional information, this cannot be said with certainty. The Prabandha Kosha states that Prithviraja "pulled away
145-556: A fire ritual. However, the earliest extant copy of Prithviraj Raso does not mention this legend at all. Instead, it states that the first ruler of the dynasty was Manikya Rai , who is said to have been born from Brahma's sacrifice. The core territory of the Chahamanas was located in present-day Rajasthan . It was known as Sapadalaksha ( IAST : Sapādalakṣa) or Jangala-desha ( IAST : Jangaladeśa). The term Jangladesha ("rough and arid country") appears to be older, as it mentioned in
174-535: A gift from a vidyadhara (a supernatural being). Little is known about his immediate successors. The 8th century Chahamana ruler Durlabharaja I and his successors are known to have served the Gurjara-Pratiharas as vassals. In 10th century, Vakpatiraja I made an attempt to overthrow the Gurjara-Pratihara suzerainty, and assumed the title Maharaja ("great king"). His younger son Lakshmana established
203-516: A part of his ancestral kingdom. Hariraja was defeated by the Ghurids in 1194 CE. Govindaraja was granted the fief of Ranthambore by the Ghurids. There, he established a new branch of the dynasty. The Chahamanas commissioned a number of Hindu temples, several of which were destroyed by the Ghurid invaders after the defeat of Prithviraja III . Multiple Chahamana rulers contributed to the construction of
232-679: A portion of the northern Gangetic plain (to the west of Yamuna ). His 1164 CE Delhi-Shivalik pillar inscription claims that he conquered the region between the Himalayas and the Vindhyas , and thus restored the rule of Aryans in Aryavarta . While this is an exaggeration, it is not completely baseless. The inscription was originally found in Topra village, near the Shivalik Hills (Himalayan foothills). Also,
261-612: Is from the reign of Vigraharaja II . During the reign of Viryarama (r. c. 1040 CE ), the Paramara king Bhoja invaded the Chahamana kingdom, and probably occupied their capital Shakambhari for a brief period. Chamundaraja restored the Chahamana power, possibly with the help of the Naddula Chahamanas. The subsequent Chahamana kings faced several Ghaznavid raids. Ajayaraja II (r. c. 1110 –1135 CE) repulsed
290-469: The Mahabharata . The text does not mention the exact location of the region. The later Sanskrit texts, such as Bhava Prakasha and Shabdakalpadruma Kosha suggest that it was a hot, arid region, where trees requiring little water grew. The region is identified with the area around Bikaner . The term Sapadalaksha (literally "one and a quarter lakhs " or 125,000) refers to the large number of villages in
319-562: The Prithviraja Vijaya , he built a food distribution centre ( anna-satra ) on the road to Somnath temple for pilgrims. He also patronized Jainism . Vijayasimha Suri's Upadeśāmālavritti (1134 CE) and Chandra Suri's Munisuvrata-Charita (1136 CE) state that he donated golden kalashas (cupolas) for the Jain temples at Ranthambore. Chahamanas of Shakambhari The Chahamanas of Shakambhari ( IAST : Cāhamāna), colloquially known as
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#1732886518103348-635: The Chandela ruler Paramardi in 1182–83, although he could not annex the Chandela territory to his kingdom. In 1191, he defeated the Ghurid Empire king Muhammad of Ghor at the first Battle of Tarain . However, the next year, he was defeated at the second Battle of Tarain by Muhammad of Ghor, and subsequently killed. Muhammad of Ghor appointed Prithviraja's son Govindaraja IV as a vassal. Prithviraja's brother Hariraja dethroned him, and regained control of
377-613: The Chauhans of Sambhar or Chauhans of Ajmer , were an Indian dynasty that ruled parts of present-day Rajasthan and neighbouring areas between the sixth and twelfth centuries in the Indian Subcontinent . The territory ruled by them was known as Sapadalaksha. They were the most prominent ruling family of the Chauhan Rajput clan. The Chahamanas originally had their capital at Shakambhari (present-day Sambhar Lake Town ). Until
406-805: The Chaulukyas of Gujarat, the Tomaras of Delhi, the Paramaras of Malwa and the Chandelas of Bundelkhand. From 11th century onwards, they started facing Muslim invasions, first by the Ghaznavids , and then by the Ghurids . The Chahamana kingdom reached its zenith under Vigraharaja IV in the mid-12th century. The dynasty's power effectively ended in 1192 CE, when the Ghurid invader Muhammad of Ghor defeated and executed Vigraharaja IV's nephew Prithviraj Chauhan . According to
435-680: The Harshanatha temple, which was probably commissioned by Govindaraja I . According to Prithviraja Vijaya : Vigraharaja IV was known for his patronage to arts and literature, and himself composed the play Harikeli Nataka . The structure that was later converted into the Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra mosque was constructed during his reign. The Chahamana rulers also patronized Jainism . Vijayasimha Suri's Upadeśāmālavritti (1134 CE) and Chandra Suri's Munisuvrata-Charita (1136 CE) state that Prithviraja I donated golden kalashas (cupolas) for
464-505: The Imperial Pratiharas . Several mythical accounts of the dynasty's origin also exist. The earliest of the dynasty's inscriptions and literary works state that the dynasty's progenitor was a legendary hero named Chahamana. They variously state that this hero was born from Indra 's eye, in the lineage of the sage Vatsa, in the solar dynasty and/or during a ritual sacrifice performed by Brahma . A popular medieval account classifies
493-466: The Naddula Chahamana branch . Vakpatiraja's elder son and successor Simharaja assumed the title Maharajadhiraja ("king of great kings"), which suggests that he was a sovereign ruler. Simharaja's successors consolidated the Chahamana power by engaging in wars with their neighbours, including the Chaulukyas of Gujarat and the Tomaras of Delhi. The dynasty's earliest extant inscription (973 CE)
522-553: The 10th century, they ruled as Pratihara vassals. When the Pratihara power declined after the Tripartite Struggle , the Chahamana ruler Simharaja assumed the title Maharajadhiraja . In the early 12th century, Ajayaraja II moved the kingdom's capital to Ajayameru (modern Ajmer ). For this reason, the Chahamana rulers are also known as the "Chauhans of Ajmer". The Chahamanas fought several wars with their neighbours, including
551-399: The 1170 CE Bijolia rock inscription of Someshvara , the early Chahamana king Samantaraja was born at Ahichchhatrapura in the gotra of sage Vatsa. Historian R. B. Singh theorizes that the Chahamanas probably started out as petty rulers of Ahichchhatrapura (identified with Nagaur ), and moved their capital to Shakambhari (Sambhar) as their kingdom grew. Later, they became the vassals of
580-863: The Shakambhari Chahamana dynasty Prithviraj Singh I (r. c. 1503–1527), Indian king of Amber Prudhvi Raj (born 1964), Indian Telugu actor, known as Pruthviraj Prithvi Raj (cricketer) , Indian cricketer Given name [ edit ] Prithviraj Chavan (born 1946), Indian politician, chief minister of Maharashtra Prithviraj Kapoor (1906–1972), Indian theatre and film actor Prithviraj Sukumaran (born 1982), Indian actor, director and producer Prudhvi Raj , Indian actor Nuggehalli Rangaraj Prithviraj , Kannada actor Prithvirajsing Roopun , Indo-Mauritian politician, seventh President of Mauritius Other uses [ edit ] Babloo Prithviraj (born 1966), Tamil and Telugu film and television actor Pruthviraj (film) , 1992 Indian Kannada-language film by Renuka Sharma Samrat Prithviraj ,
609-487: The area. It became prominent during the Chahamana reign. It appears that the term originally referred to the area around modern Nagaur near Bikaner. This area was known as Savalak (vernacular form of Sapadalaksha) in as late as 20th century. The early Chahamana king Samantaraja was based in Ahichchhatrapura, which can be identified with modern Nagaur. The ancient name of Nagaur was Nagapura, which means "the city of
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#1732886518103638-509: The arms" of one Baguli Shah. This probably refers to his repulsion of a Ghaznavid invasion. Minhaj-i-Siraj , in his Tabaqat-i Nasiri , mentions that during the reign of Mas'ud III , the Ghaznavid general Hajib Taghatigin raided India, going beyond the Ganga river . It is possible that Baguli Shah was a subordinate of Hajib Taghatigin. Prithviraja appears to have been a Shaivite . According to
667-451: The dynasty among the four Agnivanshi Rajput clans, whose ancestors are said to have come out of sacrificial fire pit . The earliest sources to mention this legend are the 16th century recensions of Prithviraj Raso . Some colonial-era historians interpreted this myth to suggest a foreign origin of the dynasty, speculating that the foreign warriors were initiated into the Hindu society through
696-610: The exiled ruler of Malwa (Vindhyan region) possibly acknowledged his suzerainty. Thus Vigraharaja's influence extended from the Himalayas to the Vindhyas, at least in name. Vigraharaja was succeeded by his son Amaragangeya , and then his nephew Prithviraja II . Subsequently, his younger brother Someshvara ascended the throne. The most celebrated ruler of the dynasty was Someshvara's son Prithviraja III, better known as Prithviraj Chauhan . He defeated several neighbouring kings, including
725-493: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prithviraj&oldid=1228031044 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Human name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Prithviraja I Prithvirāja I (r. c. 1090–1110 CE)
754-428: The serpent". Ahichchhatrapura has a similar meaning: "the city whose chhatra or protector is serpent". As the Chahamana territory expanded, the entire region ruled by them came to be known as Sapadalaksha. This included the later Chahamana capitals Ajayameru ( Ajmer ) and Shakambhari ( Sambhar ). The term also came to be applied to the larger area captured by the Chahamanas. The early medieval Indian inscriptions and
783-668: The writings of the contemporary Muslim historians suggest that the following cities were also included in Sapadalaksha: Hansi (now in Haryana ), Mandore (now in Marwar region), and Mandalgarh (now in Mewar region). The earliest historical Chahamana king is the 6th century ruler Vasudeva . According to a mythical account in Prithviraja Vijaya , he received the Sambhar Salt Lake as
812-563: Was an Indian king belonging to the Shakambhari Chahamana dynasty . He ruled the Sapadalaksha country, which included parts of present-day Rajasthan in north-western India. Prithviraja succeeded his father Vigraharaja III on the Chahamana throne. The 1105 CE Jinamata inscription gives his title as Parama-bhattaraka Maharajadhiraja Parameshvara , which indicates that he was a powerful king. The Prithviraja Vijaya claims that
841-539: Was killed by his own son Jagaddeva . Arnoraja's younger son Vigraharaja IV greatly expanded the Chahamana territories, and captured Delhi from the Tomaras . He also defeated Ghaznavid King Khusrau Shah in Vigraharaja IV's first war against the Muslims . His kingdom included parts of the present-day Rajasthan, Haryana, and Delhi. It probably also included a part of Punjab (to the south-east of Sutlej river ) and
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