69-590: Prabhu Solomon (born 7 May 1969) is an Indian film director who has primarily worked on Tamil films . After making his directorial debut in 1999 with Kannodu Kanbathellam , he had a middling career before rising to prominence with the success of the romantic tragedy film Mynaa (2010). Solomon hails from Neyveli in Cuddalore district Tamil Nadu , He was a regular at the town's only cinema hall, which fostered his passion for films. He attended St. Paul's Matriculation Higher Secondary School , after which he completed
138-431: A mahout and his trained Kumki elephant , who is used to guide other wild animals to minimize the destruction of properties and fields of nearby villages. Filming took place in various places of Karnataka and Kerala . The film's music is composed by D. Imman , in which his soundtrack was commended by the audience and critics. The cinematography was handled by M. Sukumar and editing was handled by L. V. K. Dass. Kumki
207-937: A town or village to screen the films. The first of its kind was established in Madras , called "Edison's Grand Cinemamegaphone". This was due to the fact that electric carbons were used for motion picture projectors. Most of the films screened then were shorts made in the United States and Britain . In 1909, an Englishman, T. H. Huffton, founded Peninsular Film Services in Madras and produced some short films for local audiences. But soon, hour-long films, which narrated dramatic stories, then known as " drama films ", were imported. From 1912 onwards, feature films made in Bombay (now Mumbai ) were also screened in Madras. The era of short films had ended. The arrival of drama films firmly established cinema as
276-530: A 2012 Indian Tamil -language musical adventure romantic drama film written and directed by Prabhu Solomon . It was presented by N. Lingusamy and produced by N. Subash Chandra Bose , under the banner Thirrupathi Brothers , and distributed by K. E. Gnanavel Raja under the banner Studio Green . It features Vikram Prabhu , making his acting debut, while Lakshmi Menon , Thambi Ramaiah and Ashvin Raja appear in other prominent roles. The story revolves around
345-409: A critically and commercially successful venture in the box office. After Mynaa , Solomon assigned his next film Kumki to director N. Lingusamy , which also marks the debut of Vikram Prabhu , the son of actor Prabhu and the grandson of actor Sivaji Ganesan . Like his previous film, Kumki was also a huge success in box office. D. Imman 's music and M. Sukumar 's cinematography contributed to
414-434: A decent attempt. Solomon produced the film Rubaai (2017) under the banner God Pictures. The film was titled as Faisal . After they had wrapped up the first schedule, the film had the title change. In 2021, Solomon directed Kaadan , a film set in a territory familiar to him - revolving around elephants and protecting forests. According to Indiaglitz, Kaadan , for a Tamil film, presents North Indian police officers and has
483-582: A decent market. Tamil films have enjoyed consistent popularity among populations in South East Asia . Since Chandralekha , Muthu was the second Tamil film to be dubbed into Japanese (as Mutu: Odoru Maharaja ) and grossed a record $ 1.6 million in 1998. In 2010, Enthiran grossed a record $ 4 million in North America. Many Tamil-language films have premiered or have been selected as special presentations at various film festivals across
552-484: A different role to his usual action ventures, the film however did well at the box office and became successful at the box office. Similarly his second venture, the Kannada film Usire (2001), a remake of Cheran 's Bharathi Kannamma , did not perform as expected commercially. Solomon had wanted Shiva Rajkumar to play the lead role, and he lamented that miscasting Ravichandran in the leading role instead, worked against
621-518: A few months. Once it was demonstrated as a commercial proposition, a Western entrepreneur, Warwick Major, built the first cinema theatre , the Electric Theatre, which still stands. It was a favourite haunt of the British community in Madras. The theatre was shut down after a few years. This building is now part of a post office complex on Anna Salai ( Mount Road ). The Lyric Theatre was also built in
690-420: A grand exhibition was organised in Madras . Its major attraction was the screening of short films accompanied by sound. A British company imported a Crone megaphone , made up of a film projector to which a gramophone with a disc containing prerecorded sound was linked, and both were run in unison, producing picture and sound simultaneously. However, there was no synched dialogue . Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu ,
759-415: A lot of North sensibilities which make audience feel an instant disconnect as well. All said, Prabhu Solomon's Kaadan has set its intention right and is a noteworthy venture for its important social message, but the film received mixed reviews. His 2022 film Sembi , produced by Trident Arts productions, on the other hand, received highly positive reviews. Touted to be an intense social drama, set against
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#1732894945276828-404: A lot of promise but sadly flatters only to deceive." Pavithra Srinivasan of Rediff gave 3.5 out of 5 and stated " Kumki is an unforgettable ride through the wilds of Tamil Nadu's virgin forests." Deccan Herald gave the film 3.5 out of 5 and summarised that "Kumki may not be the year's best film, but definitely can't be looked down upon." Bollywoodlife stated "Prabhu Solomon has come up with
897-628: A master's degree in English literature, before relocating to Chennai. His career in the film industry started in 1991 and for three years, he looked for opportunities to become in involved in ongoing film projects. He first worked as a stunt double for Sarathkumar in Namma Annachi (1994), where he also met director Sundar C , who was working as the associate director of the film. He consequently joined Sundar's film Murai Maman (1995) as an assistant director, before subsequently working with Agathiyan on
966-400: A neat entertainer, though the slow pace hampers proceedings at some places." Kumki was made with the budget of ₹ 5 crores. The film was a success at the box office. The film grossed ₹ 10 crore in 3 days. The film grossed more than ₹ 40 crore at the box office. The film got Super Hit status at the box office. In Thalaivan (2014), Kannan ( Santhanam ) will only give medicine to
1035-512: A neighbourhood in Chennai , and Hollywood . The first Tamil silent film , Keechaka Vadham , was directed by R. Nataraja Mudaliar in 1918. The first Tamil talking feature film , Kalidas , a multilingual directed by H. M. Reddy was released on 31 October 1931, less than seven months after India's first talking motion picture Alam Ara . Tamil cinema has been noted for its advanced narratives and diverse films, with several productions in
1104-622: A permanent cinema house in Madras—Gaiety, in 1914, the first cinema house in Madras to be built by an Indian. He soon added two more, Crown Theatre in Mint and Globe (later called Roxy) in Purasawalkam . Swamikannu Vincent, who had built one of the first cinema halls of South India in Coimbatore , introduced the concept of "Tent Cinema" in which a tent was erected on a stretch of open land close to
1173-555: A popular entertainment form. More cinema houses came up in the city. Fascinated by this new entertainment form, an automobile dealer in the Thousand Lights area of Madras, R. Nataraja Mudaliyar , decided to venture into film production. After a few days' training in Pune with the cinematographer Stewart Smith, the official cinematographer of Lord Curzon 's 1903 Durbar, he started a film production concern in 1916. The man who truly laid
1242-724: A secondary hub for Hindi cinema , other South Indian film industries, as well as for Sri Lankan cinema . Over the last quarter of the 20th century, Tamil films established a global presence, enjoying strong box office collections among Tamil-speaking audiences in Sri Lanka , Malaysia , and Singapore . Tamil films are also distributed throughout the Middle East , Oceania , Europe , North America , parts of Africa , and Japan . The industry also inspired independent filmmaking among Tamil diaspora populations in Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, and
1311-507: A standard deviation of ±10 lakh tickets during 2011–16. The Chennai film industry produced the first nationally distributed film across India in 1948 with Chandralekha . They have one of the widest overseas distribution, with large audience turnout from the Tamil diaspora . They are distributed to various parts of Asia, Africa, Western Europe, North America and Oceania. Many successful Tamil films have been remade by other film industries. It
1380-572: A studio, the first in south India, was set up in Madras at 10 Millers Road, Kilpauk. He called it the India Film Company. Rangavadivelu, an actor from Suguna Vilasa Sabha, a theatre company then, was hired to train the actors. Thirty-five days later, the first feature film made in south India, The Extermination of Keechakan / Keechakavatham , based on an episode from the Mahabharata , was released produced and directed by R. Nataraja, who established
1449-682: A successful photographer , took over the equipment after the exhibition and set up a tent cinema near the Madras High Court . With this equipment, he screened the short films Pearl Fish and Raja's Casket in the Victoria Public Hall. When this proved successful, he screened the films in a tent set up in Esplanade. These tent events were the true precursors of the cinema shows. Naidu travelled with this unit to Burma (now Myanmar ) and Sri Lanka , and when he had gathered enough money, he put up
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#17328949452761518-448: A village dominated by old principles, a rogue elephant (Komban) ravages crops and ambushes its people. Frustrated by this and without any help from the forest officers, their leader decides to bring a kumki elephant to tame Komban. Bomman and his crew reach the village as placeholders to stay for a couple of days until the real mahout and kumki elephant arrive. Life begins to change for Bomman when he falls in love with Alli ( Lakshmi Menon ),
1587-434: Is composed by D. Imman , in his third collaboration with Prabhu Solomon after Lee (2007) and Mynaa (2010). The album has seven numbers written by Yugabharathi with three karaoke versions. The soundtrack album was released by Sony Music on 1 August 2012, which coincided with an audio launch event held at Sathyam Cinemas in Chennai , where Rajinikanth , Kamal Haasan and Suriya , amongst other celebrities in
1656-754: Is estimated by the Manorama Yearbook 2000 (a popular almanac) that over 5,000 Tamil films were produced in the 20th century. Tamil films have also been dubbed into other languages, thus reaching a much wider audience. There has been a growing presence of English in dialogue and songs in Chennai films. It is not uncommon to see movies that feature dialogue studded with English words and phrases, or even whole sentences. Some movies are also simultaneously made in two or three languages (either using subtitles or several soundtracks). Chennai's film composers have popularised their highly unique, syncretic style of film music across
1725-786: The Central Board of Film Certification alone were eligible for tax exemption and those with an "A" certificate could not fit into this category. There are three major roles in the Tamil film value chain viz producer, distributor and exhibitor. The distributor purchases theatrical distribution rights from the producer for exhibiting the film in a defined territory. The distributor performs enhanced functions such as: There are three popular approaches to transfer of distribution rights via distribution contracts: There are four popular approaches to transfer of exhibition rights via exhibition contracts: Film studios in Chennai are bound by legislation, such as
1794-569: The Dhanush -starrer, Thodari (2016), while also contemplating potentially remaking Kumki into Hindi. Following the disappointing response to Thodari , Prabhu Solomon chose to finish scripting the sequel to Kumki and registered the title Yaanai for a production for Eros International during the final quarter 2016. He went on a recce to Thailand to finalise the script and hunt for locations. Prabhu Solomon confirmed in July 2017 that pre-production
1863-412: The Madras audience. The legendary Otraivadai drama theatre had been built in 1872 itself in Mint. Many drama halls had come up in the city where short silent films were screened in the afternoon and plays were enacted in the night. The scene changed in 1934 when Madras got its first sound studio. By this time, all the cinema houses in Madras had been wired for sound. Narayanan, who had been active during
1932-403: The Tamil -language only. This is in accordance with Government Order 72 passed on 22 July 2006. The first film to be released after the new Order was Unakkum Enakkum . The original title had been Something Something Unakkum Ennakkum , a half-English and a half-Tamil title. In July 2011, strict norms on entertainment tax were passed which stated that films which were given a "U" certificate by
2001-584: The Tamil Nadu State Film Awards held in 2017. The film also won two Vijay Awards , three SIIMA Awards and three Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards . The film starts with an introduction to the main characters: the protagonist Bomman ( Vikram Prabhu ), his pet elephant Manickam, his uncle Kothali ( Thambi Ramaiah ), and his sidekick Undiyal ( Ashvin Raja ). Bomman spends most of his time with Manickam and earns his livelihood by hiring it out for festivals in temples and wedding celebrations. Meanwhile, in
2070-663: The West . M. Edwards first screened a selection of silent films at the Victoria Public Hall in Madras in 1897 during the British Raj . The selected films all featured non-fictional subjects; they were mostly photographed records of day-to-day events. The film scholar Stephen Hughes points out that within a few years there were regular ticketed shows in a hall in Pophams Broadway, started by one Mrs. Klug, but this lasted only for
2139-483: The film projector and silent films from the Frenchman Du Pont and set up a business as film exhibitor . Soon, he tied up with Pathé , a well-known pioneering film-producing company, and imported projectors . This helped new cinema houses to sprout across the presidency . In later years, he produced talkies and also built a cinema in Coimbatore . To celebrate the event of King George V 's visit in 1909,
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2208-547: The 1990s and early 2000s cutting across ethnic and linguistic barriers. Such films include Roja (1992), Indian (1996), Pokkiri (2007), Enthiran (2010). Tamil cinema has since produced some of the most commercially successful actors, directors and films of Indian cinema. By the end of the 1930s, the legislature of the State of Madras passed the Entertainment Tax Act of 1939. Madras (now Chennai), then became
2277-584: The Cinematography Film Rules of 1948, the Cinematography Act of 1952, and the Copyright Act of 1957. In Tamil Nadu , cinema ticket prices are regulated by the government . Single screen theatres may charge a maximum of ₹ 50, while theatres with more than three screens may charge a maximum of ₹ 120 per ticket. Kumki (film) Kumki ( transl. Trained elephant ) is
2346-503: The India Film Company Limited. Despite a century of increasing box office takings, Tamil cinema remains informal. Nevertheless, there are few exceptions like Modern Theatres, Gemini Studios , AVM and Sri Thenandal Films that survived beyond 100 productions. In 2017, opposing the dual taxation of GST (28%) and entertainment tax (30%), Tamilnadu Theatre Owners Association announced indefinite closure of all cinemas in
2415-551: The Mount Road area. This venue boasted a variety of events, including plays in English, Western classical music concerts, and ballroom dances . Silent films were also screened as an additional attraction. Swamikannu Vincent , a railway draftsman from Tiruchirapalli , became a travelling exhibitor in 1905. He showed short movies in a tent in Esplanade , near the present Parry's Corner, using carbide jet-burners for projection. He bought
2484-441: The actor insisted the project went ahead. Delays in the production in the film meant that Vikram's star image had risen and reviewers labelled the film as a disappointment upon release. The director noted that the story was written with the expectation of a small-time actor in the lead role, and hence Vikram's sudden popularity worked against his film. He revealed that his early career in film involved making significant compromises and
2553-460: The audiences were not happy over the film's ending. However, the climax of the film remained unchanged. Kumki received critical acclaim. Malathi Rangarajan of The Hindu praised the performances of Vikram and Menon, noting that while Vikram "makes an impact with effective underplay", Menon showed "apt expressions"; she found Ramaiah's dialogues to be a bit "contrived" after a certain point of time. Oneindia gave 3 out of 5 saying that while
2622-406: The award-winning Kadhal Kottai (1996). Anbalaya Films offered him an opportunity to direct a film for their production house, after he had helped them complete post-production Murai Mappillai (1995) when director Sundar C walked out. Solomon chose to feature Raghuvaran and Bhanupriya in the leading roles, though the producers Anabalaya Films were reluctant to cast a character artiste in
2691-481: The backdrop for Kodaikanal , Ashwin Kumar Lakshmikanthan plays the lead in the film alongside actors Kovai Sarala and Thambi Ramaiah . Tamil film Tamil cinema is the segment of Indian cinema dedicated to the production of motion pictures in the Tamil language , the main spoken language in the state of Tamil Nadu . It is nicknamed Kollywood , a portmanteau of the names Kodambakkam ,
2760-459: The character of Bomman. In a December 2012 interview to Nikhil Raghavan of The Hindu , Prabhu Solomon felt that the success of his previous film Mynaa was due to his having produced and directed it, which afforded him the creative freedom to pay more attention to detail. He realised that Kumki would be a bigger venture and that he "didn’t want anything to go wrong." At that time, director N. Lingusamy and N. Subash Chandrabose , owners of
2829-543: The constructed nature of their work so that the realistic narrative was wholly dominant, Indian filmmakers made no attempt to conceal the fact that what was shown on the screen was a creation, an illusion, a fiction. However, they demonstrated how this creation intersected with people's day-to-day lives in complex ways. By the end of the 1930s, the State of Madras legislature passed the Entertainment Tax Act 1939 . In 1916,
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2898-509: The daughter of the village leader. She is at first reluctant keeping in mind the village's principles but she soon starts to fall for Bomman. Life goes on smoothly, until Komban starts randomly attacking the village. On the eve of their departure, Komban attacks Manickam. Komban's actions kill Kothali and Undiyal and injure Bomman. In the ensuing fight between Manickam and Komban, Manickam kills Komban but suffers serious injuries and dies. Bomman then cries out loud, regretting that his love had led to
2967-454: The deaths of his crew and Manickam. Alli's father then recognizes that Alli and Bomman are in love. The film then ends abruptly, leaving Bomman's fate to the viewer's imagination. My son surprised me by his performance in Kumki . I used to call my son during his film shoot and enquire about his performance. "Wait and see daddy", would be his answer. — Prabhu , on Vikram's experience of playing
3036-572: The early cinema were the cultural influences of the country. The Tamil -language was the medium in which many plays and stories were written since the ages as early as the Cholas . They were highly stylised and nature of the spectacle was one which could attract the people. Along with this, music and dance were one of the main entertainment sources. There is a strong Indian tradition of narrating mythology, history, fairy tales and so on through song and dance. Whereas Hollywood filmmakers strove to conceal
3105-406: The film's cast and crew, participated in the function. Kamal Haasan unveiled the audio CD and handed the first copy of the album to Rajinikanth and Suriya. The film's distribution rights were acquired by K. E. Gnanavel Raja , under his banner Studio Green . The film was initially scheduled to release on 13 November 2012, coinciding with Diwali , but due to post-production works and also due to
3174-427: The film's success. Following the success of Kumki , Solomon took a break and went on a recce to the coastal South Indian town of Nagapattinam to get inspired for a story set on the backdrop of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami . He gathered real-life stories of survival and intertwined them into his script. Subsequently, he launched his next production Kayal with newcomers Chandran and Anandhi in
3243-553: The first Tamil film to win the National Film Award for Best Feature Film , the feat was repeated by Kanchivaram in 2007. Tamil films enjoy significant patronage in neighbouring Indian states like Kerala , Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh , Maharashtra , Gujarat and New Delhi . In Kerala and Karnataka the films are directly released in Tamil but in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh they are generally dubbed into Telugu where they have
3312-480: The foundations of Tamil cinema was A. Narayanan. After a few years in film distribution, he set up a production company in Madras, the General Pictures Corporation, popularly known as GPC. Beginning with The Faithful Wife / Dharmapathini (1929), GPC made about 24 feature films. GPC functioned as a film school and its alumni included names such as Sundara Rao Nadkarni and Jiten Banerji. The studio of GPC
3381-562: The globe, such as Mani Ratnam 's Kannathil Muthamittal (2002), Vasanthabalan 's Veyyil (2006) and Ameer Sultan 's Paruthiveeran (2007). Kanchivaram (2009) was selected to be premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival . Tamil films have been a part of films submitted by India for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language on eight occasions, next only to Hindi. Mani Ratnam's Nayakan (1987)
3450-457: The lead role for the film, Kannodu Kanbathellam (1999). Prabhu revealed he met Arjun in Thenkasi during the making of Mudhalvan (1999), at the insistence of his producer and actively tried to make a poor impression. Arjun, nonetheless, was keen and worked on the film. Co-starring Sonali Bendre and Suchindra , the film was released to positive reviews. A romantic thriller featuring Arjun in
3519-422: The movie is at times "dragging", the subject makes it an "engaging affair although the climax is predictable". Behindwoods also gave the film 3 out of 5 saying that "Kumki definitely lives up to the hype. It is a beautifully shot movie with good performances and an emotional core". The Times of India rated 3.5 out of 5 to the movie and stated "Prabu Solomon’s ode to love in the times of elephant attacks, holds
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#17328949452763588-419: The old people if the nurse says "I love you". Mistakenly thinking that the nurse is actually in love with him, the song "Solitaley" plays in the background. In early 2016, Prabhu Solomon confirmed to the media that he would soon start work on a sequel the film's sequel Kumki 2. This sequel will feature newcomers in lead roles similar to the first part. He then delayed the project to finish his commitments to
3657-417: The production company Thirrupathi Brothers offered to bankroll the film, much to Solomon's delight. Solomon wanted a new face for the role of Bomman, for which over 60 auditions were held. Vikram Prabhu , who participated in the auditions, was selected. Vikram had earlier worked as an assistant director for films like Sarvam (2009) and Aasal (2010). The film which was earlier titled as Komban ,
3726-619: The production of the film, noting that the climax was shot first to ensure graphic works depicting the tsunami could have as much time spent on it as possible. He went on to add that it was his costliest production till date and the film was made at a cost of ₹ 15 crore, with the special effects, notably the use of 7.1 Atmos mix for the climax, which was particularly expensive. Kayal , like Mynaa and Kumki , released to critical acclaim and positive reviews. In 2016, Solomon released Thodari , starring Dhanush . Good performances and an interesting screenplay with plenty of fun moments made Solomon's
3795-411: The release of Vijay -starrer Thuppakki and Silambarasan -starrer Podaa Podi , the release was postponed to 14 December 2012. Kumki along with Gautham Vasudev Menon 's Neethaane En Ponvasantham , were scheduled to release on the same day. Both becoming the most anticipated films of the year, because of the success of the soundtrack. On 1 December, the makers confirmed the release date on
3864-423: The right feel for the scenes. Solomon also wished to explore his love of nature through Kumki . The elephant, Manickam, was around 12 feet tall. Malathi Rangarajan of The Hindu compared the film's similarities to M. G. Ramachandran 's Nalla Neram (1972) and Rajinikanth 's Annai Oru Aalayam (1979) in terms of the protagonist's relationship with elephants. The soundtrack album and background score
3933-451: The said before date. Two days before the release of Kumki along with Neethaane En Ponvasantham , the advanced bookings for the first weekend were sold out. The film was dubbed in Telugu as Gajaraju , and was released simultaneously on the same date. Post-release, the makers has shot three climax scenes and planned to change the tragic climax with an alternate positive climax of the film, as
4002-574: The silent era, founded Srinivasa Cinetone in which his wife worked as the sound recordist. Srinivasa Kalyanam (1934), directed by Narayanan, was the first sound film (talkie) produced in Madras. The second sound studio to come up in Madras was Vel Pictures, started by M. D. Rajan on Eldams Road in the Dunmore bungalow, which belonged to the Raja of Pithapuram . Before long, more sound studios came up. Thirty-six talkies were made in Madras in 1935. The main impacts of
4071-418: The state from 3 July 2017. The strike has been called off and the cinemas will be playing the movies starting Friday 7 July 2017. Government has formed a committee to decide on the existence of state's 30% entertainment tax. It was reported that, per day business loss during the strike was around ₹ 20 crores. Annual admissions in Chennai multiplexes and single screens averaged 1.1 crore tickets with
4140-521: The title roles, and shot for the film for a year. Scenes were shot for several days underwater, with the team often doing up to ten hours a day in knee-length depths of water. The film completed shoot after 85 days in May 2014, with the director announcing that post-production would be extensive as a result of impending VFX works. During the music release of the film in November 2014, Solomon revealed more details about
4209-411: The viability of the film. Solomon had signed on Vikram to play the lead role in a project shortly after the success of Sethu (1999) and wanted to work on a different script, but the actor insisted that the pair a film from the director's script titled King (2002). Solomon revealed that he was unconvinced about Vikram portraying the lead role, feeling that he was too old to play Nassar 's son, but
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#17328949452764278-509: The world. Quite often, Tamil movies feature Madras Tamil , a colloquial version of Tamil spoken in Chennai . Keechaka Vadham (1918) was the first silent film made in South India . Kalidas (1931) was the first Tamil talkie film made in 1931. Kalava (1932) was the first full-length talkie made entirely in Tamil. Nandanar (1935) was the first film for American film director Ellis R. Dungan . Balayogini released in 1937
4347-489: Was almost complete and the team were waiting for the end of the monsoon season to begin the shoot of the film in Thailand. He stated that debutants would feature in the lead role, and subsequently signed Mathi, the nephew of director Lingusamy to play the male lead. Mathi's earlier film, Balaji Sakthivel 's Ra Ra Rajasekhar , remains unreleased as a result of Linguswamy's financial problems. Debutant Shrita Rao will starring as
4416-436: Was considered to be first children's film of South India. It is estimated by the Manorama Yearbook 2000 (a popular almanac) that over 5,000 Tamil films were produced in the 20th century. Tamil films have also been dubbed into other languages, thus reaching a much wider audience. There has been a growing presence of English in dialogue and songs in Chennai films. In 1991, Marupakkam directed by K.S. Sethu Madhavan , became
4485-688: Was housed in the Chellapalli bungalow on Thiruvottiyur High Road in Madras. This company, which produced the most Tamil silent films, had branches in Colombo , Rangoon and Singapore . The Ways of Vishnu / Vishnu Leela , which R. Prakasa made in 1932, was the last silent film produced in Madras. The silent era of south Indian cinema has not been documented well. When the talkies appeared, film producers had to travel to Bombay or Calcutta to make films. Most films of this early period were celluloid versions of well-known stage plays. Company dramas were popular among
4554-545: Was included in Time magazine's "All-TIME" 100 best movies list. Average annual film output in Tamil film industry peaked in 1985. The Tamil film market accounts for approximately 0.1% of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the state of Tamil Nadu . For the purpose of entertainment taxes, returns have to be filed by the exhibitors weekly (usually each Tuesday). The Government of Tamil Nadu made provisions for an entertainment tax exemption for Tamil films having titles in words from
4623-442: Was released on 14 December 2012. The film opened to positive reviews from critics, praising the performances of Prabhu and Menon, the direction, and the film's soundtrack. It was a commercial success at the box office. The film won three awards at the 60th Filmfare Awards South , including Best Supporting Actor for Thambi Ramaiah , Best Music Director for D. Imman , Best Lyricist for Yugabharathi . The film won 7 prizes at
4692-520: Was shot across the forests of Kerala and Karnataka. The film was shot at athirappalli falls and Munnar. Later, some scenes were shot in Kerala in dense jungles as well as at Jog Falls and on the Orissa border. For the climax portion, producers bought two-acres of land to shoot a scene where elephants destroy the land. Solomon shot the film mostly during the day, especially in morning and evening time, to create
4761-399: Was strictly against the type of cinema he had actually ventured to make. He made the films Kokki (2006), Lee (2007), and Laadam (2009). Kokki had a successful run, but Lee and Laadam received mixed reviews. It was with Mynaa that Solomon achieved his first breakthrough, a romance film set against the backdrop of Kurangani Theni district, Tamil Nadu. Mynaa opened to be
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