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Crosman

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Crosman Corporation is an American designer, manufacturer and supplier of shooting sport products, with a long-standing presence in airgun design and a tradition of producing pellet and BB guns . Crosman is also a producer of many varieties of airgun and airsoft ammunition and CO 2 Powerlet cartridges. In addition, Crosman sells branded, licensed products as well as a variety of airsoft guns .

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67-501: Crosman was incorporated in 1924 as Crosman Rifle Company , after the sale of "Crosman Brothers" to Frank Hahn. The firm was based in Fairport, New York , a suburb of Rochester (from the print on the bottom of free vintage targets available as a pdf on the company's website). In 1960 it was acquired by Bangor Punta Corp. In 1970, the company moved to a small town in the finger lakes region, East Bloomfield . Crosman's first models were

134-401: A Powerlet . The new Powerlet gave more shots per bulb than the soda bulb, and with the addition of a simple spacer, a Powerlet gun could use the shorter 8 gram bulb. A Powerlet cartridge, commonly referred to as a CO 2 charger, is a small disposable metal gas cylinder holding 8–12 grams (0.28–0.42 oz) of liquid CO 2 and often a small quantity of lubricating oil , used as

201-511: A pneumatic power source for certain air guns , airsoft guns , paintball guns , carbonation , and for quick inflation of various devices such as a personal flotation device . Originally developed and the trademark owned by Crosman Corporation and introduced to the market in 1954, the Powerlet CO 2 cartridge has become the dominant source of power for inexpensive, rapid fire air guns from many manufacturers. Typically manufactured from

268-459: A 'hydrostatic release'. All automatic life-jackets can be fired manually if required. Regardless of whether manually or automatically triggered, a pin punctures the cartridge/canister and the CO 2 gas escapes into the sealed air chamber. However, there is a chance that these water pressure activated inflation devices do not inflate the life jacket if a person is wearing waterproof clothing and falls into

335-847: A Village Administrator with responsibility for directing Village operations, including those of the Fairport Municipal Commission and for serving as budget director, zoning officer and public safety officer. Serving under the Village Administrator and appointed by the mayor with Board of Trustees approval, are the clerk/treasurer, deputy clerk, deputy treasurer and building inspector/fire marshal. Fairport Central School District oversee public education. Schools in Fairport include Brooks Hill Elementary School, Johanna Perrin Middle School and Minerva Deland. Fairport owns and operates

402-696: A buoyancy compensator, which has an inflatable gas chamber. The amount of gas can be increased or decreased to enable the diver to ascend, descend or maintain neutral buoyancy at a given water depth and to provide positive buoyancy in an emergency to bring the diver to the surface or keep the diver at the surface. Specialized life jackets include shorter-profile vests commonly used for kayaking (especially playboating ), and high-buoyant types for river outfitters and other whitewater professionals. PFDs which include harnesses for tethered rescue work ('live-bait rescue') and pockets or daisy-chains (a series of loops created by sewing flat nylon webbing at regular intervals for

469-464: A diver's drysuit provides a degree of flotation, in most maritime countries they are not formally considered by regulatory agencies as approved lifesaving devices or as PFDs. It is possible for an incapacitated person in the water to float face-down while wearing only a wet suit or a dry suit since they are not designed to serve as lifesaving devices in the normal understanding of that term. The Mark 10 Submarine Escape Immersion Equipment (SEIE) suit

536-543: A letter to the Naval Chronicle, dated February 1802, Abraham Bosquet proposed issuing Royal Navy Ships with "strong canvas bags of dimensions, when filled with cork shavings, equal to about that of a bed bolster, coiled in manner like a collar, and sufficiently wide for the head and shoulders to pass through." In 1804, a cork life jacket was available for sale in The Sporting Magazine . In 1806, Francis Daniel,

603-536: A lifejacket – a privately owned Macintosh Life Preserver and seems to have got ashore fairly easily." It was not until lifesaving services were formed that the personal safety of lifeboat crews heading out in pulling boats in generally horrific sea conditions was addressed. The modern life jacket is generally credited to the Inspector of Lifeboats at the Royal National Lifeboat Institution in

670-401: A medical complication such as a seizure, or become unconscious. Most life jackets on the market are designed with foam that wraps around the animal's torso and neck. They provide a basic amount of buoyancy for a dog, but may not provide enough support for the head. They are not ideal for use with heavy dogs. However, they often incorporate a grab handle, which may help to hoist the dog back into

737-578: A municipal power corporation, Fairport Electric. Incorporated in 1901, Fairport Electric provides electric power to its customers at lower rates than those charged by neighboring utilities. Fairport Electric has purchased power from the New York Power Authority since 1961. Personal flotation device A personal flotation device ( PFD ; also referred to as a life jacket , life preserver , life belt , Mae West , life vest , life saver , cork jacket , buoyancy aid or flotation suit )

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804-506: A pair of air cells (bladders) that can be inflated by triggering the release of carbon dioxide gas from a canister—one for each cell. Alternately, the cells can be inflated "orally", that is by blowing into a flexible tube with a one-way valve to seal the air in the cell. Life jackets must also be supplied on commercial seafaring vessels, be accessible to all crew and passengers, and be donned in an emergency. Flotation devices are also found in near water-edges and at swimming pools. They may take

871-548: A physician working at Wapping, exhibited an inflatable life preserver, mounting a demonstration in which a number of suitably equipped men jumped into the Thames below Blackfriars Bridge , and variously played musical instruments, smoked pipes, discharged guns and drank wine, as the tide took them upstream. Daniel pursued his idea for some years, by his own account receiving a gold medal from the Royal Society of Arts after surrendering

938-419: A single air chamber or a pair of (twin or double) sealed air chambers constructed of coated nylon (sometimes with a protective outer encasing of heavier, tougher material such as vinyl ), joined, and buckled with a side release buckle . For use aboard ships they may be constructed of foam. Twin air chambers provide for redundancy in the event of one of the air chambers leaking or failing to "fire", for example if

1005-492: A survival vest, bulletproof vest/body armor, equipment harness, rappelling harness, or parachute harness, and the use of ballistic nylon cloth to protect pressurized CO 2 canisters used for inflating the vest from injuring the wearer if struck by a round from a firearm. The ballistic cloth keeps the fragments from the canister from becoming shrapnel injurious to the user. Life jackets or life vests are mandatory on airplanes flying over water bodies, in which case they consist of

1072-444: A user with the necessary buoyancy. They are also designed for minimal maintenance and as they are only constructed from foam and can be mass-produced inexpensively, making them one of the most common forms of PFDs. Some buoyancy aids also come designed especially for children and youth. These vests may include one or two understraps to be worn between the legs of the wearer and also a headrest flap. The understraps are designed to keep

1139-676: A variety of styles and are generally more comfortable and less bulky than traditional foam vests. There are also life vests made especially for women. The air chambers are always located over the breast, across the shoulders and encircle the back of the head. They may be inflated by either self-contained carbon dioxide cartridges activated by pulling a cord , or blow tubes with a one-way valve for inflation by exhalation . Some inflatable life jackets also react with salt or fresh water, which causes them to self-inflate. The latest generation of self-triggering inflation devices responds to water pressure when submerged and incorporates an actuator known as

1206-403: A vehicle cabin. Upon surfacing, the person then inflates the device, orally or by triggering the gas canister release mechanism. Most commercial passenger life jackets are fitted with a plastic whistle for attracting attention. It has a light which is activated when in contact with water. Quality life jackets always provide more buoyancy than offered by the buoyancy aids alone. The positioning of

1273-682: Is a village located in the town of Perinton , which is part of Monroe County , New York , United States. Fairport is a suburb 9 miles (14 km) east of Rochester . It is also known as the "crown jewel of the Erie Canal". The population of the Village of Fairport was 5,501 as of the 2020 census. The town of Perinton was first settled in the two flat areas of Perinton Center (Turk Hill and Ayrault Roads) and Egypt. The first settlers in Perinton were Glover Perrin, his wife Johanna and his brother Jesse. What

1340-471: Is a flotation device in the form of a vest or suit that is worn by a user to prevent the wearer from drowning in a body of water . The device will keep the wearer afloat with their head and mouth above the surface – they do not have to swim or tread water in order to stay afloat and can even be unconscious. PFDs are commonly worn on small watercraft or other locations where accidental entry into deep water may occur in order to provide immediate support for

1407-530: Is absorbed every time a shot is discharged, cooling the canister. When discharging repeatedly, the temperature within the Powerlet canister can drop low enough to affect the vapor-liquid equilibrium and reduce the vapor pressure significantly. The drop in output pressure (known as the " working pressure") not only can affect the ballistic performance, but also can cause the gun to "freeze up" and cease operating completely due to insufficient pneumatic force, until

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1474-522: Is also part of the Wellspring portfolio. In June 2017, Wellspring sold Crosman to Compass Diversified Holdings, INC (NYSE: CODI). Upon the sale of the company, Robert Beckwith was appointed the new CEO. Robert had previously been the CFO under Brad Johnson. In May 2024, Crosman was sold to Daisy , which is a portfolio company of BRS & Co . In 1882, Walter R. Benjamin of St. Louis , Missouri , introduced

1541-644: Is intended to allow submariners to escape from much deeper depths than currently possible with the Steinke hood . Some United States Navy submarines already have the system, with an ambitious installation and training schedule in place for the remainder of the fleet. Because it is a full-body suit, the Mark 10 provides thermal protection once the wearer reaches the surface, and the Royal Navy has successfully tested it at 180 metres (600 ft) depths. Scuba divers commonly wear

1608-588: Is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km ) is water. The total area is 3.09% water. Although officially the name of only the village, "Fairport" is often used to refer to a large portion of the encompassing Town of Perinton as well. Both the Fairport Central School District and Fairport zip codes overlap closely with the borders of the Town of Perinton . As of the census of 2000, there were 5,740 people, 2,369 households, and 1,594 families residing in

1675-531: Is often sewn to the fabric used to construct life jackets and PFDs to facilitate a person being spotted in darkness when a search light is shone towards the wearer. In the US, federal regulations require all persons under the age of 13 to wear a life jacket (PFD) when in a watercraft under 12 meters long. State regulations may raise or lower this number and must be followed when in that state's jurisdiction. Buoyancy aids are designed to allow freedom of movement while providing

1742-482: Is unable to swim to safely enter water, or as assistance for activities such as water skiing . PFDs are available in different sizes to accommodate variations in body weight . Designs differ depending on wearing convenience, the activities and conditions they are designed to be used in and the level of protection the wearer needs. There are three main types of PFDs: life jackets, buoyancy aids and survival suits ; PFDs are most often constructed out of foam pieces, with

1809-636: The Goldfish Club . British pilot Eric Brown noted in an interview that the Mae West device saved his life after he was forced into the ocean following the sinking of the aircraft carrier he was on, HMS Audacity , by a U-boat in WW2. Out of the 24 crew in his group in the water, the only two who survived were two pilots wearing Mae Wests, the rest were sailors wearing more basic flotation devices (inflatable rings) that kept them afloat, but did not keep their heads out of

1876-595: The UK , Captain John Ross Ward (later Vice Admiral of the Royal Navy ). He created a brown cork vest in 1854 to be worn by lifeboat crews for both weather protection and buoyancy . They would be worn over the blue/grey waterproof oilskins In 1900, French electrical engineer, Gustave Trouvé , patented a battery-powered wearable lifejacket. It incorporated small, rubber-insulated maritime electric batteries not only to inflate

1943-485: The Cowboy, a youth-oriented lever action . In the 1930s, Crosman began to experiment with CO 2 power. Like other CO 2 guns of the day, they were bulk fill , which meant that liquid CO 2 was loaded into a pressurized reservoir on the gun. Other manufacturers started to use 8 gram CO 2 bulbs used in soda dispensers. Crosman capitalized on this in 1954 by introducing a new 12 gram CO 2 bulb, called

2010-768: The Halkey Roberts Pro firing system have all but eliminated accidental firing. Drifting in open seas and international waters, as encountered on long sea voyages and by military forces, requires prolonged survival in water. Suitable life jackets are often attached to a vest with pockets and attachment points for distress signaling and survival aids, for example, a handheld two-way radio ( walkie-talkie ), emergency beacon (406 MHz frequency), signal mirror, sea marker dye, smoke or light signal flares, strobe light, first-aid supplies, concentrated nutritional items, water purification supplies, shark repellent , knife, and pistol. Accessories such as leg straps can be utilized to keep

2077-527: The Town of Perinton reside within both the Fairport Central School District and the Fairport postal district; as a result, it is common for Perinton residents to describe their place of residence as "Fairport" even if they live outside of the village. According to the United States Census Bureau , the village has a total area of 1.6 square miles (4.1 km ), of which 1.6 square miles (4.1 km )

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2144-411: The age of 18, 53.4% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.7% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.96. In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.2% under

2211-468: The age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 31.8% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males. The median income for a household in the village was $ 53,375 and the median income for a family was $ 65,980. Males had a median income of $ 50,094 v. $ 30,431 for females. The per capita income for

2278-491: The attachment of rescue gear) are made for swiftwater rescue technicians . Personal flotation devices have been developed for dogs and other pets. While the USCG does not certify personal flotation devices for animals, many manufacturers produce life jackets for dogs and cats. Dogs and cats have been known to die from drowning, either because they do not know how to swim, or because they tire out from overexposure or old age, or have

2345-462: The boat. Although most pet life jackets are passive devices, there is at least one automatically inflated life jacket available for pets (made by Critter's Inflatable, LLC). An automatic flotation device is generally more expensive than a foam life jacket, but, like automatic PFDs designed for humans, they are less bulky to wear when not inflated, and when inflated may provide more buoyancy than foam devices. Automatic pet flotation devices are popular in

2412-694: The buoyancy on the wearer's torso is such that a righting moment (rotational force) results that will eventually turn most persons who are floating face down in the water (for example, because they are unconscious) into a face up orientation with their bodies inclined backward, unlike more simply designed common foam buoyancy vests. A life jacket that is too loose may not provide sufficient buoyancy in case of an emergency. Today these air chamber vests are commonly referred to as 'inflatable life jackets or vests' and are available not only for commercial applications but also for those engaged in recreational boating, fishing, sailing, kayaking and canoeing. They are available in

2479-548: The canister warms back up again. This causes a problem due to the rapid-fire nature of many competitive paintball skirmishes, so the high-pressure air (HPA, or "N 2 ") systems are more commonly used. In 2004, Crosman introduced a new disposable CO 2 power source, the 88 gram AirSource. - 766 American Classic 1-3 Includes Variants* Crosman has manufactured and sold the Benjamin-Sheridan and Sheridan model airguns for many years. These models are still made to

2546-462: The company. Pickett was named CEO and held that position until his death in 2000. Ken D'Arcy served as CEO from 1997 to 2012. In 2011, Wellspring Capital Management purchased Crosman and in August 2012 Phil Dolci was named CEO and served until May 2015. Brad Johnson was named as Executive Chairman and Interim CEO while remaining Chairman & CEO of United Sporting Companies, a separate company that

2613-593: The construction of railroads in 1853. This now booming section of Perrinsville was incorporated as a village on April 30, 1867 and eventually became the center of activity for the town of Perinton. In the 19th century industry moved into Fairport, including Deland Chemical (baking soda), Cobb Preserving (the predecessor to American Can ), and the Trescott Company (fruit grading and packing systems). Deland Chemical later became Fairport Vinegar Works, makers of Certo brand pectin used to gel and preserve foodstuffs. In

2680-574: The craft capsize. To be on the safe side, a pill-activated inflation device is preferred. A small pill that dissolves on water contact is the safest option, as it also works in shallow waters where a hydrostatic activator fails. This type of jacket is called an 'automatic'. As it is more sensitive to the presence of water, early models could also be activated by very heavy rain or spray. For this reason, spare re-arming kits should be carried on board for each life jacket. However, with modern cup/bobbin mechanisms this problem rarely arises and mechanisms such as

2747-542: The design of life jackets was also conducted in the UK by Edgar Pask , the first Professor of Anaesthesia at Newcastle University . His research involved self-administered anaesthesia as a means of simulating unconsciousness in freezing sea-water. Pask's work earned him the OBE and the description of "the bravest man in the RAF never to have flown an aeroplane". The M1926 Life Preserver belt

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2814-493: The early 20th century, the Erie Canal was expanded and renamed the Barge Canal. (It reverted to its original name in 1992). Barge transportation rapidly declined as automobiles and trucks became popular. The town began to expand away from the canal. The Erie Canal is now used mainly for recreation. Fairport acquired its name in the mid-19th century from a traveler on the Erie Canal who was overheard at Mallett's Tavern referring to

2881-492: The exception of some life jackets which are inflated with air. Other highly specialized forms of PFDs include buoyancy compensators used for scuba diving , and submarine escape devices. The oldest examples of primitive life jackets can be traced back to inflated bladders, animal skins, or hollow sealed gourds for support when crossing deep streams and rivers. Purpose-designed buoyant safety devices consisting of simple blocks of wood or cork were used by Norwegian seamen. In

2948-632: The first Benjamin air rifle. These Benjamin Pump guns were manufactured by the Wissler Instrument Co. of St. Louis under a U.S. patent that had been issued to Benjamin. Unlike many air guns of this period, the Benjamin was intended not as a toy, but as a high-power compressed air gun in which pressure was built up by pumping a built-in piston located beneath the barrel. The Benjamin Air Rifle Company

3015-463: The form of a simple vest , a jacket , a full-body suit (one piece coverall), or their variations suited for particular purposes. They are most commonly made of a tough synthetic fiber material encapsulating a source of buoyancy, such as foam or a chamber of air, and are often brightly colored yellow or orange to maximize visibility for rescuers. Some devices consist of a combination of both buoyancy foam and an air chamber. Retroreflective "SOLAS" tape

3082-588: The higher quality standards of the originals, with wood stocks and primarily brass and steel components. The Sheridan line is strictly 5 mm (.20 caliber), while the Benjamin-Sheridan models are available in .177 (4.5 mm, .22 (5.56 mm), .25 (6.4 mm) and .357 (9.0 mm) calibers, depending on model. • NRA Museums: Benjamin history • Blue Book of Airgun Values – BENJAMIN AIR RIFLE COMPANY (BENJAMIN) BENJAMIN AIR RIFLE COMPANY BACKGROUND Benjamin History Fairport, New York Fairport

3149-539: The idea to them. Personal flotation devices were not part of the equipment issued to naval sailors until the early 19th century, for example at the Napoleonic Battle of Trafalgar , although seamen who were press-ganged into naval service might have used such devices to jump ship and swim to freedom. Following the 1852 sinking of the troopship Birkenhead , Ensign G.A. Lucas of the 73rd Regiment of Foot wrote "Cornet Bond, 12th Lancers, was...the only person to have

3216-430: The inflated chambers in position for floating in a stable attitude, and splash or face shields constructed of clear see-through vinyl covers the head and face to prevent water from waves from inundating the face and entering the airway through the nose or mouth. Some formats of PFDs are designed for long term immersion in cold water in that they provide insulation as well as buoyancy. While a wetsuit of neoprene rubber or

3283-460: The inflated life preserver often appeared to be as large-breasted as the actress Mae West . It was popular during the Second World War with U.S. Army Air Forces and Royal Air Force servicemen, who were issued inflatable Mae Wests as part of their flight gear. Air crew members whose lives were saved by use of the Mae West (and other personal flotation devices) were eligible for membership in

3350-683: The jacket, but also to power a light to transmit and receive SOS messages and to launch a distress flare. In 1904 the rigid cork material was supplanted by pouches containing watertight cells filled with kapok , a vegetable material. These soft cells were much more flexible and comfortable to wear compared with devices using hard cork pieces. Kapok buoyancy was used in many navies fighting in World War II . In 1972 yellow or red Beaufort synthetic foam life jackets supplanted kapok for 'inherently buoyant' (vs. inflated and therefore not inherently buoyant) flotation. These modern jackets could support not only

3417-477: The paintball compared to an airgun projectile . For modern paintball guns, this technology is considered outdated, as they cannot fire as many shots as a modern large-capacity CO 2 tank can provide, though some still use Powerlet cartridges for stock paintball . They are also still favored for paintball pistols, for players wishing to run "light" with considerably less weight. Because liquid CO 2 needs to vaporize to gaseous form to be usable, latent heat

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3484-474: The rescuer but the rescued at the same time. The University of Victoria pioneered research and development of the UVic Thermo Float PFD, which provides superior protection from immersion hypothermia by incorporating a neoprene rubber "diaper" that seals the user's upper thigh and groin region from contact with otherwise cold, flushing and debilitating water. During World War II, research to improve

3551-413: The same steel alloys and using the same metal spinning fabrication processes as much larger refillable gas cylinders , a Powerlet cartridge typically provides 20 to 40 shots in an airgun, depending on the gun and environmental conditions. The first 10 shots from a new bottle are consistent, with subsequent shots losing power. For paintball markers, fewer shots are produced due to the greater weight of

3618-438: The thin air cell fabric is sliced open by sharp metal fragments during emergency evacuation and egress. Most life jackets for leisure use are of the single air chamber type. Aircraft devices for crew and passengers are always inflatable since it may be necessary to swim down and away from a ditched or submerged aircraft and inflated or foam filled devices would significantly impede a person from swimming downward in order to escape

3685-462: The time, was that it did not keep the wearer's head back out of the water while they were floating. This meant if they went unconscious they would roll forward and end up face down in the water and drown. The Mae West was a common nickname for the first inflatable life preserver, which was invented in 1928 by Peter Markus (1885–1974) ( US Patent 1694714), with his subsequent improvements in 1930 and 1931. The nickname originated because someone wearing

3752-637: The traditional American multi-pump pneumatic design, where 3 to 10 pumps would pressurize a reservoir for each shot. Descendants of these original models are still made, in rifle , pistol and carbine form, and they remain quite popular. In 1992, Crosman acquired the Benjamin Sheridan company's assets. From 1971 through 1989, Coleman of Wichita, Kansas owned Crosman. In 1989, MacAndrews & Forbes Holdings of New York acquired Coleman and sold Crosman to Worldwide Sports and Recreation. In 1997, an investment group headed by Leonard Pickett purchased

3819-417: The vest from riding up when worn in the water and restrict the wearer from slipping out of the life vest. These straps are adjustable and are included on many different life vests designed to be worn by everyone from infants to adults. The headrest flap is designed to help support the head and keep it out of the water. A grab handle is attached to the headrest to be used if needed to rescue or lift someone out of

3886-496: The village as a fair port . Local legend has it that the same visitor vociferously complained the next morning that Millstone Block Hotel had bedbugs , and he stormed out of Fairport, never to be seen again. The name, however, stuck. The First Baptist Church of Fairport , Wilbur House , Minerva and Daniel DeLand House , and Henry DeLand House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Most residents of

3953-513: The village was $ 29,390. 3.3% of the population and 1.7% of families were below the poverty line . 2.2% of those under the age of 18 and 5.1% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. The Village Board is the local legislative body, consisting of the Mayor and four Trustees. Board members are elected in the November general elections and serve a term of four years. The Village Board selects

4020-518: The village. The population density was 3,645.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,407.3/km ). There were 2,431 housing units at an average density of 1,543.7 per square mile (596.0/km ). The racial makeup of the village was 96.99% White , 0.73% African American , 0.12% Native American , 1.03% Asian , 0.00% Pacific Islander , 0.21% from other races , and 0.92% from two or more races. 1.38% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 2,369 households, of which 33.2% had children under

4087-455: The water face-down. In these cases the buoyancy of the clothing holds a person on the water surface, which prevents the hydrostatic release. As a result, a person can drown although wearing a fully functional life jacket. In addition there are some circumstances in which the use of self-triggering devices can result in the wearer becoming trapped underwater. For example, the coxswain of a bowloader rowing shell risks being unable to escape should

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4154-522: The water. Devices designed and approved by authorities for use by civilians (recreational boaters, sailors, canoeists , kayakers ) differ from those designed for use by passengers and crew of aircraft (helicopters, airplanes) and of commercial vessels ( tugboats , passenger ferries, cargo ships). Devices used by government and military (e.g. water police , coast guard , navy , marines ) generally have features not found on civilian or commercial models, for example compatibility with other items worn, like

4221-449: The water. Buoyancy aids are rated by the amount of buoyancy they provide in Newtons - the minimum rating to be considered suitable as an adult life-jacket for offshore use is 150 newtons (34  lbf ). Life jackets for outfitting large commercial transport ventures in potentially dangerous waters, such as coastal cruises, offshore passages, and overwater air flights, consisting of either

4288-557: The wearer should they end up in the water. PFDs are also kept on large vessels for passengers to wear in an emergency in order to help them stay afloat should they be forced to enter the water or accidentally fall overboard during an evacuation. PFDs are commonly worn for swimming and/or other activities that require an individual to be in water. This is for reasons such as safety (to prevent the drowning of weak swimmers, swimmers in dangerous conditions or swimmers far from safety), to make swimming easier and less demanding, to allow someone who

4355-448: Was developed as the village of Fairport was a swampy area within the Town of Perinton until the 1820s, when it was drained by construction of the new Erie Canal . With the opening of the Canal, what was then known as Perrinsville quickly became a busy canal port with a reputation for being a "fair port." A further boon to the area's reputation as an industry and transportation center came with

4422-639: Was formed in 1902 when Walter R. Benjamin purchased the patent rights from the defunct St. Louis Air Rifle Company. Production from 1902 to 1904 and from 1906 to 1986 was in St. Louis. In 1977, the Benjamin Air Rifle Company purchased Sheridan Products in Racine, Wisconsin . Benjamin and Sheridan were acquired by Crosman in 1992. By 2015, Benjamin was positioned as Crosman Corporation's adult hunting and high performance line and Sheridan had its name on one model:

4489-511: Was issued to US infantry where they were on ships or near the water, in particular amphibious landings such as D-Day. The belt had two CO 2 bottles that could be activated to inflate the belt if needed, or it could be blown up manually with a tube, if the CO 2 bottles failed. The Admiralty Pattern 14124 inflatable life ring was the main life preserver issued to British sailors at the start of WW2. It provided about 8.5 lbs of buoyancy. Its inherent flaw, and an issue with many life preservers at

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