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44-652: The airline was established on 25 July 1988 as a joint-stock company, but had to wait two years before it could start services, due to a delay in air transport liberalization. It started operations on 7 July 1990 with a flight from Lisbon to Porto. It also flew from Lisbon to Faro that same day. It started operations with scheduled domestic and international charter flights, as scheduled international flights were not then permitted under Portuguese legislation. International scheduled flights started in June 1992 from Lisbon and Porto. The company's first airplanes were Fokker 100 , and since

88-586: A dominant force in the region, with many artisans and merchants contributing heavily to the economy and city development, but this level of prosperity was interrupted in December 1496 by an edict of Manuel I of Portugal , expelling those who did not convert to Christianity . As a result, officially, Jews no longer remained in Portugal. In the place of the Jewish village of Vila Adentro, the convent of Nossa Senhora da Assunção

132-507: A livery similar to that of TAP Air Portugal albeit wearing Express titles. In April 2022, it has been announced that Portugália will be dissolved and fully integrated into TAP Portugal as part of cost cutting and restructuring measures. Portugália operated within the route network of TAP Express . [REDACTED] Media related to Portugalia Airlines at Wikimedia Commons Faro, Portugal Faro ( / ˈ f ɑːr oʊ / FAR -oh , Portuguese: [ˈfaɾu] )

176-483: A number of alderman (normally between 5 and 17) elected by lists, using direct, universal suffragan vote, based with or without political parties. The municipal assembly, sometimes parliament , is responsible principally for auditing the activities of the executive branch. Its members are elected by population and proportionally by civil parishes, using the same schema as the executive (by universal direct suffrage with or without political parties), but also represented by

220-939: A population of 184,578 inhabitants (2021). A Metro connecting this community is planned to be finished by 2029. [REDACTED] Roman Empire 206 a.C.–411 [REDACTED] Alans 411–560 [REDACTED] Byzantine Empire 560–624 [REDACTED] Visigothic Kingdom 624-711 [REDACTED] Umayyad Caliphate 711-756 [REDACTED] Emirate of Córdoba 756-929 [REDACTED] Caliphate of Córdoba 929-1018 [REDACTED] Taifa of Santa Maria do Algarve 1018-1051 [REDACTED] Taifa of Seville 1051-1091 [REDACTED] Almoravid dynasty 1091-1145 [REDACTED] Taifa of Badajoz 1145-1155 [REDACTED] Almohad Caliphate 1155-1249 [REDACTED] Kingdom of Portugal 1249-1580 [REDACTED] Iberian Union 1580-1640 [REDACTED] Kingdom of Portugal 1640-1910 [REDACTED]   Portugal 1910-present The Ria Formosa lagoon attracted humans from

264-636: A transitioning Portugal - Canary current giving a certain resemblance to Southern California that is not heated in the summer by the Mediterranean Sea like Algarve . Given this region is highly susceptible to the difference of precipitation throughout the seasons of the year, in the future scarcity of water could appear in conjunction with the increase of temperature and less incidence of rains. Summers are warm to hot and sunny with average daytime maximum temperatures of 27–35 °C (81–95 °F). Summer warmth can linger well into October. The weather in

308-506: A year, Faro is often regarded as one of the sunniest cities in Europe, alongside nearby Tavira . July and August have the most sunshine, while December has the least. Administratively, the municipality is divided into four civil parishes ( freguesias ): Faro is twinned with: Faro is served by a transport network connecting it to the Algarve, and by extension, other European markets. Faro

352-741: Is a municipality , the southernmost city and capital of the district of the same name , in the Algarve region of southern Portugal . With an estimated population of 67,566 inhabitants in 2021 (with 39,733 inhabitants in the city proper, making it the biggest city and second most populous municipality in the Algarve (after Loulé ) and one of the biggest in Southern Portugal), the municipality covers an area of about 202.57 km (78.21 sq mi). The municipalities of Faro-Olhão-Loulé due to its adjacency, sharing of infrastructures and regular commute can be considered an intermunicipal community with

396-516: Is about 3 hours and 30 minutes by air from the principal European destinations. By car, it is about 2 hours and 30 minutes from Lisbon, along the A2, and less than 1 hour from Andalusia, along the A22. Through the city's international Airport , it receives millions of visitors annually, with 45 airlines serving this airport, including many low-cost airlines. In recent years, the number of visitors travelling through

440-538: Is also an important event in Faro. The Faro motorcycle club is responsible for one of the largest motorcycle events in Portugal and Europe. A 30,000-seat stadium Estádio Algarve , shared by the cities of Faro and Loulé , was one of the venues of the Euro 2004 football championship. Louletano Desportos Clube (a club from the city of Loulé) and Sporting Clube Farense (from Faro) also use smaller municipal stadiums. The stadium

484-486: Is also used for concerts, festivals, and other events. [REDACTED] Concelho Concelho ( Portuguese pronunciation: [kõˈseʎu] ) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality , referring to the territorial subdivision in local government . In comparison, the word município ( Portuguese pronunciation: [muniˈsipiu] ) refers to the organs of State . This differentiation

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528-473: Is divided into two distinct areas, the coastline, part of the Parque Natural da Ria Formosa ( Nature Park of Ria Formosa ) and the barrocal , characterized by hills and valleys, populated with typical Algarvan vegetation. The nature park was created by Decree-Law 373/87, on 8 December 1987, and is considered one of the seven natural wonders of Portugal, with a beach that is around 7 km (4 mi) from

572-623: Is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council . After the civil parish ( Portuguese : freguesias ), the Portuguese concelho is the most stable territorial subdivision within the country, with over 900 years of history. Founded in

616-637: The Alfa Pendular , Intercidades and CP Regional routes, as well as a special service during the summer, the InterRegional line. The Alfa Pendular service connects Faro to the North and terminates in Porto . The Intercidades and InterRegional services connect Faro to Lisboa . The CP Regional service operates across the east and west Algarve and connects Faro to Lagos in the west Algarve, and Vila Real de Santo António in

660-459: The Palaeolithic age until the end of prehistory. The first settlements date from the fourth century BC, during the period of Phoenician colonization of the western Mediterranean . At the time, the area was known as Ossonoba , and was the most important urban centre of southern Portugal and commercial port for agricultural products, fish, and minerals. Between the second and eighth centuries,

704-679: The 10th century, the name Santa Maria began to be used instead of Ossonoba. By the 11th century, the town was known as Santa Maria Ibn Harun . During the Second Crusade soon after the Anglo-Norman forces took Lisbon in 1147 a detachment of this group sacked Faro, which was still by then under Muslim rule, on their way to the Holy Land. Again in 1217 , during the Fifth Crusade , a Frisian fleet of crusaders on their way to Acre , sacked and burned

748-668: The ATRs family on behalf of TAP Air Portugal instead of Portugália. On 14 January 2016, TAP Air Portugal announced that Portugália would be rebranded as TAP Express as of 27 March 2016 as part of the restructuring measures within the group. The division Portugália Airlines however was said to stay independent within the group. On the same day, TAP Air Portugal also announced that the entire Portugália fleet consisting of Fokker 100 and Embraer ERJ-145 would be replaced by July 2016 with new Embraer 190 and ATR 72-600 aircraft (the latter operated by White Airways on behalf of TAP) which received

792-627: The Barra da Culatra/Barra da Armona (in the municipality of Olhão). Annually, many species of aquatic migratory birds transient northern Europe and nest there during the winter. These include flamingos, terns, pied avocets, Eurasian wigeons, and common chaffinches. Within the town are gardens and open spaces, among which are the Manuel Bivar Garden, Alameda João de Deus Garden, and the Mata do Liceu. The variety of species and natural conditions result in

836-533: The Byzantine period. With the advent of Moorish rule in the eighth century, Ossonoba retained its status as the most important town in the southwest corner of the Iberian Peninsula . In the 9th century, after a revolt led by Yahia Ben Bakr who was succeeded in office by his son, Bakr Ben Yahia , it became the capital of a short-lived princedom and was fortified with a ring of defensive walls. At this time, in

880-575: The Liberal era. Today, the municipalities are governed by the municípios , constituted by the Câmara Municipal ( Municipal Chamber ), its executive organ and by the Assembleia Municipal ( Municipal Assembly ), its deliberative body. The Câmara is the executive body that is charged with governing the territory and policies of the region. Owing to population, the municipal chamber can comprise

924-612: The Ria Formosa. The western city of Lagos had become the capital of the historical province of Algarve in 1577, but this all changed with the 1755 Lisbon earthquake . It affected many settlements across the Algarve, including Faro, which suffered damage to churches, convents (specifically the Convent of São Francisco and Convent of Santa Clara), and the episcopal palace, in addition to the walls, castle towers and bulwarks, barracks, guardhouses, warehouses, customshouses, and prison. Much of

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968-533: The airline's regional subsidiary, Portugália Airlines, is "important to the TAP results as it brings very important passengers from small cities to long distance services.", during European Regional Airlines Association 2012 conference in Porto . On 21 March 2014, TAP Air Portugal announced that it would buy two ATR 42-600 for its subsidiary company Portugália replacing the smaller Beechcraft 1900D previously operated by PGA Express . However, White Airways now operates

1012-446: The airport has increased as more and more low-cost airlines compete to offer cheap flights to the Algarve. The transport facilities to and from Faro airport and the centre of Faro include taxicabs and a bus line. Faro is served by the centrally located Faro railway station , and a smaller halt in the east of the city at Bom João. The main station is operated by the national railway operator Comboios de Portugal (CP), which operates

1056-516: The annual rainfall is around 500 millimetres (19.69 in), however in recent years, rainfall has diminished, even reaching as low as 178.6 mm in 2019, with the average yearly rainfall from 2017 to 2021 being closer to 350mm. The average sea temperature is 16–17 °C (61–63 °F) in January rising to 22–24 °C (72–75 °F) in August and September. Higher sea water temperatures are reached if

1100-681: The city was under the domain of the Romans, then the Byzantines , and later Visigoths, before being conquered by the Arabic-speaking Muslims known as Moors in 713. From the third century onwards and during the Visigothic period, it was the site of an Episcopal see , the Ancient Diocese of Ossonoba (306-688). The Byzantine presence has endured in the city walls' towers that were built during

1144-588: The city. During the 500 years of Moorish rule, some Jewish residents of Faro made written copies of the Old Testament . The Moors were defeated and expelled in 1249 by the forces of the Portuguese King Afonso III . With the decline of the importance of the city of Silves (which was made the regional bishopric as Diocese of Silves shortly during and properly after the Reconquista), Faro took over

1188-568: The collection of the University of Oxford 's Bodleian Library . Among the looted books was the first printed book in Portugal: a Torah in local Hebrew (Judeo-Español), printed by Samuel Gacon at his workshop in Faro. Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, the city was expanded, with a series of walls during the period of the Restoration Wars (1640–1668), encompassing the semicircular front to

1232-453: The downtown. It includes the river and a lagoon system, interspersed with dunes, forming a small islands and peninsulas, that protect a large area of marshes, channels, and islets. The beaches in Faro are situated on the peninsula of Ancão and island of Culatra, along the corridor of the nature park. The park is a rich and complex aquatic ecosystem, consisting of barrier islands, marshes, and channels, comprising sandy shorelines that separate

1276-469: The east Algarve. Bom João is only served by the CP Regional trains heading east. Despite the proximity of Seville, it is not connected by train. The town is served by a public transport network that include minibuses, local bus lines, and regional services across the Algarve. Due to its position along the coast, a need exists to connect the shoreline communities with the outlying with various islands; with

1320-477: The exception of the island of Faro, most are accessible only by boat service. Throughout the year (from the commercial wharf or Portas do Mar wharf, depending on the time of year), regular and tourist services are operated along the estuary. A Metrobus is under development connecting the areas of Faro, Olhão and Loulé together. The metrobus will have 24 stops, including the Mar Shopping Algarve, airport ,

1364-664: The following years, the town became prosperous, due to its secure port and exploitation of salt . Consequently, by the beginning of the Portuguese Age of Discovery , the town was well positioned to become a leading commercial centre. In the 14th century, the Jewish community began to grow in importance. In 1487, Samuel Gacon began printing the Pentateuco in Hebrew , the first book printed in Portugal. The Jewish community of Faro had long been

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1408-492: The greater devastation across the coastal and lowland regions was caused by a tsunami , which dismantled fortresses and razed homes. Almost all the coastal towns and villages of the Algarve were heavily damaged by the tsunami, except Faro, protected by the sandy banks of the Ria Formosa lagoon. With the capital Lagos devastated, Faro became the administrative seat of the region the following year, 1756. The municipality of Faro

1452-634: The late 1990s it has also purchased 8 Embraer 145 , becoming the main competitor of state flag carrier TAP Air Portugal . Operating in the regional market, Portugália focused its operation in domestic routes, as well as on destinations in Spain, France, Italy, Germany and Morocco. The company's fleet stabilized in 2000 with 14 aircraft (6 Fokker 100 and 8 Embraer 145) still operating today. Portugália developed its own maintenance services since its earliest days, however it only managed to have its own Hangar and to increase its base maintenance capabilities as of 2005 with

1496-719: The opening of its Hangar at Lisbon Portela Airport . Performing most of its Fokker and Embraer maintenance in house, Portugália managed to significantly improve its results. Portugália received the title of Best Regional Airline in Europe in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005, the Skytrax Award for Best Cabin Staff in Europe in 2005 and 2006, and for Best Cabin Staff in Southern Europe in 2007. On 6 November 2006, TAP and Portugalia owners Grupo Espirito Santo, announced TAP's acquisition of 99.81% of Portugalia shares, subject to approval by

1540-412: The region being a popular ecotourism zone, promoting birdwatching, boating trips into the delta, kayaking along the Ria Formosa, pedestrian trails, and biking tours, accompanied by nature guides. The municipality is crossed by the southern Ecovia do Algarve , a bicycling circuit that connects the Algarve to the rest of Europe. Faro has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen : Csa ), moderated by

1584-489: The regulatory authorities. It had 750 employees (at March 2007). Portugalia was to join the SkyTeam Alliance in 2008. With the acquisition by TAP Air Portugal Group, it undertook a new business model. The company stopped working independently and started working within a group logic as a supplier of flight capacity by hiring its aircraft to TAP Air Portugal. Fernando Pinto, president & CEO of TAP Air Portugal said that

1628-453: The role of administration of the Algarve area. After Portuguese independence in 1143, Afonso Henriques and his successors began an expansion and Christian repopulation into the southern Iberian territory which had previously been occupied by the Moors. Following the conquest by D. Afonso III , in 1249, the Portuguese referred to the town as Santa Maria de Faaron or Santa Maria de Faaram . In

1672-513: The royal charters attributed to parcels and territorial enclaves, in order to establish a presence by the Crown, rather than personal fiefdoms of the nobility and aristocracy. This municipal institution changed throughout history: many were abolished and reconstituted based on the political necessity; first they were subject to the specifics of each charter (which varied based on conditions and circumstances), and then based on national laws established during

1716-402: The two campuses of the University of Algarve and Parque das Cidades ( Algarve Stadium ). All this, on 100% dedicated lines, with frequencies every 12 minutes, during rush hour, and with extended opening hours. The Faro city holiday is on 7 September. The students' festival ( Semana Académica da Universidade do Algarve ), organized every year by students from the University of the Algarve ,

1760-585: The waters of the Ria Formosa and Atlantic Ocean. The beaches of Faro and Barrinha/Barra de São Luís, are located on the Ancão peninsula, the beach of Barreta on the Ilha Deserta, and the beaches of Farol and Culatra are located on the Ilha Culatra. The barrier islands are separated by tidal flats and shallows, including (from west to east) the Barra do Ancão/Barra de São Luís, the Barra de Santa Maria/Barra do Farol, and

1804-514: The weather patterns produce a significant outflow of warmer surface water out of the Mediterranean which bathe the coastal Algarve with much warmer water. During the summer months, tropical nights are common and, on average, Faro has 37 tropical nights per year, which is the highest in Portugal. Faro has the highest minimum temperature ever recorded in Portugal, which was 32 °C (90 °F) on 26 July 2004. With over 3000 hours of sunshine

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1848-550: The winter is generally mild by European standards, managing around 6 hours of sunshine each day, with temperatures averaging around 8–16 °C (46–61 °F) in the coldest month. The city receives most of its rainfall over the winter; rain is scarce between June and September. The annual average temperature is around 17.5 to 18.5 °C, however it is becoming hotter and hotter, reaching as high as 19.3 °C (66.7 °F) in 2023, with average temperatures since 2010 or even since 1994 being around 18–19 °C (64–66 °F), and

1892-513: Was founded and patronised by Queen Leonor, wife of the king. Manuel I promoted the development and expansion of the city; 1499 had the construction of a hospital, the Church of Espírito Santo (or Church of the Misericórdia), a customshouse, and a slaughterhouse, all near the shoreline. By 1540, John III of Portugal had elevated Faro to the status of city, then in 1577, the bishopric of the Algarve

1936-459: Was transferred from Silves, which retains a co-cathedral, to the present Diocese of Faro . In 1597, the city was sacked by English privateers led by Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex . The resultant fires damaged the walls, churches, and other buildings. At the same time, English troops seized the library of the Bishop of Faro , then Fernando Martins de Mascarenhas , which eventually became part of

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