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39-459: Poděbrady is made up of the town parts of Poděbrady I–V and the villages of Kluk, Polabec, Přední Lhota and Velké Zboží. An ancient community and a small fortress originated near the ford . It is most likely that the position of this community is reflected in the present name of the town: pode brody = "below the ford". Poděbrady is located about 7 kilometres (4 mi) southeast of Nymburk and 39 km (24 mi) east of Prague . It lies in

78-627: A column, usually located in the most prominent place. The Prague column was built in Old Town Square shortly after the Thirty Years' War in thanksgiving to the Virgin Mary Immaculate for helping in the fight with the Swedes. At noon its shadow indicated the so-called Prague Meridian , which was used to check the exact solar time . Some Czechs connected its placement and erection with

117-632: A river can be crossed". Although today brod in the Serbo-Croatian means 'ship', Slavonski Brod in Croatia, as well as Makedonski Brod in North Macedonia and other place names containing Brod in Slavic countries, where brod is still the word for 'ford', are named after fords. In historic times, positioning an army in large units close to a river was thought best for direct defense as well as to attack

156-520: Is Poděbrady Castle . It was rebuilt to its current form in 1752–1757 at the behest of Maria Theresa . Today it serves as a museum and monument of George of Poděbrady. The square is made up of terraced houses of Renaissance and Baroque origin and former Renaissance town hall from the 16th century, nowadays a library. The Neo-Renaissance building of the Civic Bank from 1898 is also valuable. The Baroque Marian column dates from 1765. A significant element of

195-485: Is a low bridge that allows crossing over a river or stream when water is low but may be treated as a ford when the river is high and water covers the crossing. The word ford is both a noun (describing the water crossing itself) and a verb (describing the act of crossing a ford). A ford is a much cheaper form of river crossing than a bridge , and it can transport much more weight than a bridge, but it may become impassable after heavy rain or during flood conditions. A ford

234-704: Is also a Holy Trinity Column in the main square of Linz . The Holy Trinity Column in Teplice was designed by Matthias Braun and erected in thanksgiving for the city having been spared the plague in 1713. Braun also designed the Marian column in Jaroměř . The first column of this type north of the Alps was the Mariensäule built in Munich in 1638 to celebrate the sparing of the city from both

273-598: Is one of the oldest locks in the Middle Elbe and at the same time a valuable example of technological and operational solutions for this type of waterworks. The power plant is protected as a national cultural monument. Poděbrady is twinned with: Ford (crossing) A ford is a shallow place with good footing where a river or stream may be crossed by wading, or inside a vehicle getting its wheels wet. A ford may occur naturally or be constructed. Fords may be impassable during high water. A low-water crossing

312-445: Is therefore normally only suitable for very minor roads (and for paths intended for walkers and horse riders etc.). Most modern fords are usually shallow enough to be crossed by cars and other wheeled or tracked vehicles (a process known as "fording"). Fords may be accompanied by stepping stones for pedestrians. The United Kingdom has more than 2,000 fords, and most of them do not have any way of stopping vehicles from crossing when

351-621: The Central Elbe Table lowland within the Polabí region. The Elbe River flows through the town. South of the town is located Poděbrady Lake. It is a 260 ha (640-acre) large lake, created by the flooding of an excavated sandstone quarry. It is mainly used for recreational purposes. The first written mention of Poděbrady is from 1223, the first unverified mention is from 1199. A long-distance trade route running from Prague to eastern Bohemia and then on to Silesia and Poland passed through

390-744: The Dutch voorde (as in Vilvoorde , Coevorden , Zandvoort , or Amersfoort ) are cognates with the same meaning, all deriving from Proto-Indo-European *pértus 'crossing'. This is the source of Brythonic and Gaulish ritus (modern Welsh rhyd ; the Welsh name of Oxford is Rhydychen "ford of oxen"), which underlies such names as Chambord (from Gaulish *Camboritum "ford at the bend") and Niort ( Novioritum "new ford"). Towns such as Maastricht , Dordrecht , and Utrecht also formed at fords. The endings tricht , drecht , and trecht are derived from

429-575: The Latin word traiectum , meaning "crossing". Thus the name Utrecht, originally the Roman fort of Traiectum , is derived from "Uut Trecht", meaning "downstream crossing". The Afrikaans form was taken into South African English as drift and led to place names like Rorke's Drift and Velddrift . Similarly, in Slavic languages , the word brod comes from the linguistic root that means "river-crossing" or "place where

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468-635: The River Amman ); Stafford , the county town of Staffordshire ('ford by a staithe ', or 'ford by the landing place'), Staffort crossing the river Pfinz ; and Stratford (a ford on a Roman street ). Similarly, the German word Furt (as in Frankfurt , the ford of the Franks ; Ochsenfurt , synonymous to Oxford; Schweinfurt , a ford where swine crossed the river; and Klagenfurt , literally "ford of complaints") and

507-507: The Roman Forum , destroyed by an earthquake in the 9th century. By the 17th century only this column survived; in 1614 it was transported to Piazza Santa Maria Maggiore and crowned with a bronze statue of the Virgin and Child made by Domenico Ferri. In a papal bull from the year of its installation, the pope decreed an indulgence for those who uttered a prayer to the Virgin while saluting

546-876: The United Kingdom . Examples are at Brockenhurst in Hampshire , Wookey in Somerset , and Swinbrook in Oxfordshire . Some of these are being replaced by bridges as these are a more reliable form of crossing in adverse weather conditions. Some very spectacular watersplashes can be found in diverse locations. Australia has the Gulf Savannah , and others may be found in Canada , Italy , South Africa , and Finland . They are also found on some Tennessee backroads, where they are referred to as "underwater bridges". In Israel and part of

585-623: The hegemony of the Habsburgs in their country, and after declaring the independence of Czechoslovakia in 1918 a crowd of people pulled this old monument down and destroyed it in an excess of revolutionary fervor. The column was rebuilt in 2020. The Column of the Virgin Mary Immaculate in Kutná Hora was constructed by the Jesuit sculptor František Baugut between 1713 and 1715 to commemorate

624-667: The invading Swedish army and the plague. The statue, created in 1590, depicts the Virgin Mary as Queen of Heaven standing atop a crescent moon. It inspired for example Marian columns in Prague and Vienna , but many others also followed very quickly. In the countries which used to belong to the Habsburg monarchy (especially Austria , Hungary , the Czech Republic , and Slovakia ) it is quite exceptional to find an old town square without such

663-668: The British areas under the mandate a low water crossing or watersplash had been known as the "Irish bridge" in reference to the Anglo–Irish war . The names of many towns and villages are derived from the word 'ford'. Examples include Oxford (a ford where oxen crossed the river: see the Coat of arms of Oxford ); Hertford , the county town of Hertfordshire (the ford where harts cross or "deer crossing"); Brantford , (the ford where Joseph Brant Forded The Grand River ); Ammanford (a ford on

702-697: The Covid-19 epidemic. There is a Holy Trinity Column in Holy Trinity Square, in front of Matthias Church in Budapest , a plague memorial erected in 1713, which served as a model for many similar works in the country. The era of these religious structures culminated with the outstanding Holy Trinity Column in Horní Square in Olomouc . This monument, built shortly after the plague which struck Moravia (nowadays in

741-588: The Czech Republic) between 1714 and 1716, was exceptional because of its monumentality, rich decoration and unusual combination of sculptural material (stone and gilded copper). Its base was made so big that even a chapel was hidden inside. This column is the only one which has been individually inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List as "one of the most exceptional examples of the apogee of central European Baroque artistic expression". There

780-501: The column. Within decades it served as a model for many columns in Italy and other European countries. The basic model which inspired building most Holy Trinity columns is that in the Grabenplatz , Vienna, built after the 1679 plague ; in this monument the column has entirely disappeared in marble clouds and colossal saints, angels and putti . The column became a site of pilgrimage during

819-503: The enemy at any crossing point. Therefore, a ford was often a strategic military point with many famous battles fought at or near fords: Marian and Holy Trinity columns Marian columns are religious monuments depicting Virgin Mary on the top, often built in thanksgiving for the ending of a plague ( plague columns ) or for some other reason. The purpose of the Holy Trinity columns

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858-602: The plague. Over time distinctions between a Marian column and a plague column blurred. Although plague columns are most commonly dedicated to the Virgin Mary, some depict other saints . The Plague Column at Eisenstadt was erected in 1713 in honour of the Holy Trinity and by Mary, as Queen of heaven as a plea to God to free the city from the plague. On the pedestal there are represented Saints Roch , Sebastian, Kajetan, John of Nepomuk, Saint Rosalie, and Saint Francis. The Guglia di San Domenico designed by Cosimo Fanzago ,

897-403: The possibility of hunting in local forests. Emperor Charles IV handed over the estate to Lords of Kunštát, who later became known as Lords of Poděbrady . During their presence, Poděbrady achieved its greatest prosperity. In 1472, Poděbrady obtained the town privileges from King George of Poděbrady . During the reign of Ferdinand I , Poděbrady flourished further, however in the 17th century,

936-519: The project of architect František Janda . Gradually, more parts were added and the park expanded. The glass colonnade of Professor Libenský was built in 1938. The colonnade was built above a spring of mineral water. The most valuable technical monument is the Poděbrady hydroelectric power plant. It is a Neoclassical building designed by Antonín Engel in 1913, built in 1914–1919. It is valued for still functional technology and its architectural solution. It

975-431: The recent plague. The Marian column in Český Krumlov 's town square was completed in 1716. At the base are statues of SS. Sebastian, Wencelaus and Vitus. It commemorates the plague of 1697. In gratitude for the end of the plague in 1680 at Maribor , a plague column was built in 1681, with the original being replaced in 1743. Arranged around a pillar bearing an image of Virgin Mary, are six saints, all intercessors against

1014-523: The square is the Monument of King George with his equestrian statue, created in the Neo-Renaissance style in 1890–1896 according to the design by Bohuslav Schnirch . Since 2024, it has been protected as a national cultural monument . The large spa park with a modern colonnade is also a part of the urban monument zone. The oldest part of the park was created on the site of a former manor park according to

1053-504: The then-forested landscape interwoven with a dense network of river branches. This important communication intersected the Elbe River to the west of the present town, at a place called Na Vinici. The Poděbrady estate was private, but between 1262 and 1268, it became the property of King Ottokar II as escheat , and he built a stone water castle in Poděbrady. The place has become a popular destination for rulers due to its proximityto Prague and

1092-409: The town suffered from Thirty Years' War and fires. The biggest fire hit Poděbrady in 1681, when the town hall and most of the wooden houses completely burned down. After this event, only the construction of brick houses was allowed on the square. The town walls were demolished and the town changed its character in a short time. A historic milestone of the history of the town was the year 1905, when it

1131-511: The treatment of cardiovascular diseases , rapidly gaining renown not only in the Czech Republic, but also abroad. The mineral water that was found in the early 1900s is better known as Poděbradka. The water contains iron deposits. There are twelve free public taps where people are able to obtain Poděbradka. The refined version of Poděbradka that is not as heavy is bottled and headed to shops in

1170-432: The water is shallow enough, but the material on the riverbed will not support heavy vehicles, fords are sometimes improved by building a submerged concrete floor. In such cases, a curb (kerb) is often placed on the downstream side to prevent vehicles from slipping off, as the growth of algae will often make the slab very slippery. Fords may be also equipped with a post indicating the water depth, so that users may know if

1209-595: The water is too deep to attempt to cross. Some have an adjacent footbridge so that pedestrians may cross dryshod. Fords were sometimes the only way to cross, such as at the Milkhouse at Rock Creek in Washington, DC, but the regular use of this ford has been superseded by bridges. The crossing remained for "adventurous" drivers until 1996 when the National Park Service closed the ford to cars. A road running below

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1248-459: The water level of a stream or river is often known as a "watersplash". It is a common name for a ford or stretch of wet road in some areas, and is sometimes also used to describe tidal crossings. They have become a common feature in rallying courses. Some enthusiasts seek out and drive through these water features, recording details (such as wave created, position, and access) on dedicated websites. There are many old fords known as watersplashes in

1287-525: The water makes them impassable. According to The AA , many flood-related vehicle breakdowns are at fords. In New Zealand , fords are a normal part of roads, including, until 2010, along State Highway 1 on the South Island 's east coast. In dry weather, drivers become aware of a ford by crunching across outwash detritus on the roadway. A Bailey bridge may be built off the mainline of the road to carry emergency traffic during high water. At places where

1326-454: The whole country. Lázně Poděbrady, a. s. (Spa Poděbrady, Inc.) is a Czech spa provider in Poděbrady. The spa is focused mainly on the treatment of heart problems and the musculoskeletal system. The D11 motorway runs south of the town. Poděbrady lies on several railway lines: Prague– Kolín , Prague– Trutnov , Kolín– Rumburk and Kolín– Ústí nad Labem . The historic centre is made up of Jiřího Square and its surroundings. The main landmark

1365-467: Was erected after the plague of 1656. St. Sebastian , a martyr whose statue also often decorates these structures, was originally the patron of archers . In the Middle Ages Sebastian took the place of the plague-dealing archer Apollo , as people sometimes metaphorically compared the random nature of plague to random shots of archers, and thus he started being connected with the plague too; as

1404-401: Was one of the first. Erected in 1614, it was designed by Carlo Maderno during the papacy of Paul V . Maderno's fountain at the base combines the armorial eagles and dragons of Paul V ( Borghese ). The column, with a Corinthian capital, is topped with a statue of the Virgin and the child Jesus. The column itself is ancient: it had supported the vault of the so-called Basilica of Constantine in

1443-705: Was the practice to erect a statue of the Emperor atop a column. In 1381, Michael Tutz erected the gothic Tutzsäule at Klosterneuburg Monastery to mark the ending of an epidemic. The Christian practice of erecting a column topped with a statue of the Virgin Mary became common especially in the Counter-Reformation period following the Council of Trent (1545–1563). The column in Piazza Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome

1482-597: Was usually simply to celebrate the church and the faith, though the plague motif could sometimes play its role in their erection as well. Erecting religious monuments in the form of a column surmounted by a figure or a Christian symbol was a gesture of public faith that flourished in the Catholic countries of Europe especially in the 17th and 18th centuries. Thus they became one of the most visible features of Baroque architecture . This usage also influenced some Eastern Orthodox Baroque architecture. In Imperial Rome , it

1521-456: Was visited by the German estate owner Prince von Bülow . This well-known water diviner marked the place of a strong spring in the castle's inner courtyard, which was later bored to a depth of 97.6 metres (320 ft). The discovery of carbonic mineral water resulted in the opening of the first spa in 1908. After World War I Poděbrady rapidly changed into a spa town which from 1926 specialized in

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