89-513: Pleydell-Bouverie is an English surname, and may refer to: Edward Pleydell-Bouverie (1818–1889), British politician Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie, 2nd Earl of Radnor (1750–1828), Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire Duncombe Pleydell-Bouverie (1780–1850), British admiral and Whig politician. Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie, 4th Earl of Radnor (1815–1889), Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire William Pleydell-Bouverie, 5th Earl of Radnor (1841–1900), MP and Treasurer of
178-671: A Troop of 24 horsemen on 12 September 1542 for King Henry VIII 's campaign in Scotland that culminated in the Battle of Solway Moss on 24 November. Two years later the town sent 13 horsemen and 20 foot to serve in the Siege of Boulogne . Henry also issued orders for home defence: the county forces were to be mustered under the Lord Lieutenant , assisted by the Deputy Lieutenants and Justices of
267-674: A call for volunteers to transfer from the militia: six officers and 333 privates of the Berkshires volunteered, but according to regulations only four officers and 263 men could be accepted. However, another call in October for volunteers for the campaign in Holland led Captain Holdsworth and 150 men to transfer to the 15th Foot . When the Supplementary Militia were stood down another 150 men left
356-579: A division alongside regular troops while providing a reserve in case of French invasion of South East England. The regiment returned to Reading for the winter on 17 November. In February 1779 two companies were sent to quarters in Oxfordshire, one at Banbury and the other at Woodstock . In April the men reaching the end of their engagements were marched hime, and replaced by newly-balloted men. The regiment also had to provide escorts to groups of prisoners from Reading Gaol who were being impressed into
445-612: A formed regiment, though many transferred to the Regular Army. Napoleon abdicated in April 1814 and it appeared that the wars were over. In September the English militia regiments in Ireland were ordered back to their home counties to be disembodied. The RBM marched from Tuam to Newry and then embarked for Liverpool in two ships on 29–30 September. Having concentrated after landing, the regiment
534-611: A number of other militia regiments while King George III and the Royal Family were in residence during September. The regiment was reviewed by the king on two occasions. In October the Berkshires went into winter quarters in Portsmouth, with the Flank (Grenadier and Light) companies at Winchester until they joined the main body in June 1799. A manpower crisis in the Regular Army in June 1799 led to
623-644: A source of trained officers and men for the Regular Army . It later became a battalion of the Royal Berkshire Regiment , and prepared thousands of reinforcements for the fighting battalions of the regiment in World War I . After 1921 the militia had only a shadowy existence until its final abolition in 1953. The English militia was descended from the Anglo-Saxon Fyrd , the military force raised from
712-452: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Edward Pleydell-Bouverie Edward Pleydell-Bouverie PC , FRS (26 April 1818 – 16 December 1889), styled The Honourable from 1828 to 1855, was a British Liberal politician. He was a member of Lord Palmerston 's first administration as Paymaster General and Vice-President of the Board of Trade in 1855 and as President of
801-705: Is seen as the starting date for the organised county militia in England. Berkshire was one of the southern counties called upon to send troops to suppress the Rising of the North in 1569. Although the militia obligation was universal, this assembly confirmed that it was impractical to train and equip every able-bodied man. After 1572 the practice was to select a proportion of men for the Trained Bands (TBs), who were mustered for regular training. The Armada Crisis in 1588 led to
890-616: The Battle of Turnham Green on 13 November. Berkshire was fought over continually in the subsequent campaigns in the Thames Valley – Reading changed hands several times – and effectively each side drew a regiment of TBs from the county for garrison duty. Berkshire TB detachments fought on both sides at the First Battle of Newbury on 20 September 1643, after which the Royalists regained Reading. In April 1644 Colonel Sir Richard Neville ,
979-571: The Council of State . From now on the term 'Trained Band' began to disappear in most counties. The Berkshire TBs were reunited into a single regiment in 1650 and Christopher Whichcote, who had been Governor of Windsor Castle for Parliament, was appointed as its colonel. During the Scottish invasion of the Third English Civil War in 1651, English county militia regiments were called out to supplement
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#17330857809301068-733: The Great Tasmania . During the regiment's time in Corfu it lost about 50 men to Cholera , with about the same number of wives and children. The war ended with the Treaty of Paris on 30 March 1856, and on 16 May regular battalions returning from the Crimea relieved the militia in the Ionian Islands. The RBM sailed for home aboard the Imperador on 26 May, arriving at Spithead on 11 June. It returned to Reading and
1157-648: The New Model Army . In August the Berkshire Militia was ordered to a rendezvous at Oxford, leaving one of its companies to garrison Windsor Castle. The Berkshire Militia Horse Troop was present at the Battle of Worcester and was commended for its service in the charge. Under the Commonwealth and Protectorate the militia received pay when called out, and operated alongside the New Model Army to control
1246-507: The Seven Years' War a series of Militia Acts from 1757 re-established county militia regiments, the men being conscripted by means of parish ballots (paid substitutes were permitted) to serve for three years. There was a property qualification for officers, who were commissioned by the lord lieutenant. An adjutant and drill sergeants were to be provided to each regiment from the Regular Army , and arms and accoutrements would be supplied when
1335-471: The Staffordshire Militia who were guarding prisoners there. The remaining companies were sent from Reading to Hilsea Barracks , Portsmouth, a notoriously sickly site and much disliked by militia regiments unlucky enough to be stationed there. Illness was so widespread that the remaining fit junior officers had to do double duty, which irritated them to the point of resignation. In October the regiment
1424-696: The Volunteers and mounted Yeomanry . Early in 1793 the Royal Berkshires were quartered in towns along the South Coast of England. On 6 March, while commanding a detachment escorting French prisoners from Rye to Dover , Lieutenant the Earl of Barrymore died when the fusil he was carrying went off as he boarded his carriage. In July the regiment joined a large encampment at Broadwater Common, Waterdown Forest, outside Tunbridge Wells , one of several established in
1513-456: The surname Pleydell-Bouverie . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pleydell-Bouverie&oldid=1189189325 " Categories : Surnames Compound surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
1602-615: The 300-strong Berkshire detachment of horse under Col Dalbier in the Parliamentarian army. During the latter stages of the First Civil War, Col John Barkstead was appointed Parliamentary Governor of Reading 12 August 1645, and the town had to support the cost of his regiment. As Parliament tightened its grip on the country it passed legislation to reorganise the militia. New Militia Acts in 1648 and 1650 replaced lords lieutenant with county commissioners appointed by Parliament or
1691-531: The Berkshire Trained Band Horse comprised 59 Cuirassiers (armoured men) and 31 Harquebusiers (armed with carbines ). The Berkshire TBs were embodied in 1640 when a large force was called out for the Second Bishops' War . The county was ordered to send 600 men overland to join the army mustering at Newcastle upon Tyne . Sergeant-Major-General Sir Jacob Astley was appointed colonel of
1780-502: The Berkshire and Oxfordshire contingents. Once again, it seems that many of the trained bandsmen nationwide escaped service and raw substitutes were sent in their place. The deputy lieutenants of Berkshire encountered difficulty in raising the necessary money and men: only about 120 men from the Radley area came forward of the 240 due from Abingdon Division. Further, many of the men sent from
1869-514: The Government created the Supplementary Militia, a compulsory levy of men to be trained in their spare time, and to be incorporated in the Regular Militia in emergency. Berkshire's quota was fixed at 749 men, but no additional regiments were formed. In January 1797 the Berkshire Militia sent a training cadre of two officers, two sergeants, a drummer and nine rank and file to Wokingham to train
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#17330857809301958-689: The Household Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie, 6th Earl of Radnor (1868–1930), Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire William Pleydell-Bouverie, 7th Earl of Radnor (1895–1968), High Sheriff of Hertfordshire Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie, 8th Earl of Radnor (1927–2008), earl in the Peerage of Great Britain Katherine Pleydell-Bouverie (1895–1985), English potter Timothy Pleydell-Bouverie (born 1987), British historian and journalist [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
2047-711: The Isle of Wight once more. There was a general muster of the militia in 1685 during the Monmouth Rebellion . As the Royal army under the Earl of Feversham advanced into the West Country to meet the rebels, the Berkshire Militia at Reading, supported by the Oxfordshire Militia , secured his lines of communication. However, King James II had lost much of his support when William of Orange invaded in 1688: although
2136-515: The Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire, the 2nd Duke of St Albans , was ordered to bring the county regiment, including the troop of horse, up to full strength and efficiency. Afterwards, the militia passed into virtual abeyance during the long peace that followed, although a few counties (not Berkshire) were called out during the Jacobite Rising of 1745 . Under threat of French invasion during
2225-685: The Market Place in Newbury. The American War of Independence broke out in 1775, and by 1778 Britain was threatened with invasion by the Americans' allies, France and Spain. The militia were embodied in March 1778, and on 1 June the Berkshires under Col Vansittart were ordered to Coxheath Camp near Maidstone in Kent , which was the army's largest training camp. Here the completely raw militia were exercised as part of
2314-531: The Militia Ballot might be used if the counties failed to meet their quotas). Training was for 56 days on enlistment, then for 21–28 days per year, during which the men received full army pay. Under the Act, militia units could be embodied by Royal Proclamation for full-time home defence service in three circumstances: Berkshire's new militia quota was set at 777 men in eight companies. Of the officers still listed for
2403-618: The Netherlands. However, the counties usually conscripted the unemployed and criminals rather than the Trained Bandsmen – in 1585 the Privy Council had ordered the impressment of able-bodied unemployed men, and the Queen ordered 'none of her trayned-bands to be pressed'. Replacing the weapons issued to the levies from the militia armouries was a heavy cost on the counties. With the passing of
2492-599: The Peace (JPs). On the death of King Edward VI Reading supplied a detachment of 10 men to support Queen Mary I against the rebellion of the Duke of Northumberland , and later to attend the coronation. The legal basis of the militia was updated in Mary's reign with two acts of 1557 covering musters ( 4 & 5 Ph. & M. c. 3) and the maintenance of horses and armour ( 4 & 5 Ph. & M. c. 2). The entry into force of these acts in 1558
2581-519: The Poor Law Board between 1855 and 1858. Pleydell-Bouverie was the second son of William Pleydell-Bouverie, 3rd Earl of Radnor , by his second wife, Anne Judith, third daughter of Sir Henry St John-Mildmay, 3rd Baronet. The family homes were at Longford Castle in Wiltshire and Coleshill House in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire ). Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie, 4th Earl of Radnor , was his elder brother. He
2670-657: The Queen's bodyguard comprised 230 horsemen. After the defeat of the Armada, the army was dispersed to its counties to avoid supply problems, but the men were to hold themselves in readiness. A further Spanish invasion alert in 1599 led to a partial mobilisation, with Reading furnishing 140 men. In the 16th Century little distinction was made between the militia and the troops levied by the counties for overseas expeditions, and Berkshire supplied levies almost every year from 1585: by 1602, 469 had been sent to Ireland, 480 to France, and 675 to
2759-672: The RBM volunteered for this service. The men sailed from Plymouth between 29 April and 7 May, landing at Cobh of Cork on 12 May. They marched through Midleton to Athlone where they were quartered until the summer, receiving at least one draft of recruits from Reading. On 16 August the regiment left Athlone for Galway . A year later they were stationed at Tuam . A number of the Berkshire Local Militia also volunteered for overseas service in December 1813, but they were too late to be accepted as
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2848-731: The Reading Division told Astley they 'would not fight against the Gospel' or be commanded by 'Papists', and would march no further. After his Berkshire and Oxfordshire men disbanded themselves, Astley continued to the Scots Border to take up command of the King's infantry. Further efforts by the Lord Lieutenant , the Earl of Holland , raised a Troop of horse in Berkshire, but the men of the Vale of White Horse were particularly reluctant to serve. Control of
2937-589: The Reading company for the first time. The regiment was embodied for permanent service on 26 July when the country was on high alert for a French invasion. The Berkshires were ordered to quarters in Marlborough , Hungerford and Devizes , but Sir Willoughby Aston was so keen to drill the men together that he persuaded the townsfolk of Devizes to billet the whole regiment for a few days. In October it went into winter quarters at Winchester Barracks . In June 1760
3026-521: The Royalist High Sheriff of Berkshire, was commissioned to raise an Auxiliary TB regiment, apparently of 3 companies, to garrison Reading. The following month the Royalists demolished the fortifications of the town and withdrew to their main base at Oxford , where Neville's regiment continued to serve. At the Second Battle of Newbury on 27 October 1644, Major John Blagrave of Reading commanded
3115-591: The army. In May the seven companies at Reading were dispersed across Oxfordshire to Henley-on-Thames , Nettlebed , Wallingford and Bensington , then in June it was concentrated again at Reading and marched to Essex , to be quartered at Romford , Ilford and Hare Street until their summer camp at Adarley Common was ready. In March 1780 the regiment provided detachments to escort Spanish prisoners as far as Woodstock on their journey from Portsmouth to Shrewsbury , and then in May five companies were sent to Winchester to relieve
3204-675: The autumn of 1642. Lieutenant-Colonel John Venn , MP , was sent with a detachment of 12 companies of the London Trained Bands (LTBs) to secure Windsor Castle for Parliament. Holland raised the Berkshire TBs for Parliament, and they and the Surrey TBs soon arrived to take over garrisoning the castle under Venn. Venn's permanent regiment, recruited in London and officered by former LTB officers, arrived to garrison Windsor on 29 October. After
3293-407: The corporation's scheme for dealing with the Turkish debt was confirmed by the sultan's iradé of January 1882. Bouverie was Deputy Chairman of the Mersey Railway at its opening in 1886. He was also director of the Great Western Railway Company and of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company . He addressed numerous letters to The Times newspaper under the signature of "E. P. B." He
3382-406: The country. In 1655 a Maj Butler was appointed to command the militia of Berkshire, Huntingdonshire , Northamptonshire and Rutlandshire . After several periods of service, the Berkshire Militia Horse were finally stood down in January 1660. After the Restoration of the Monarchy , the English Militia was re-established by the Militia Act 1661 under the control of the king's lords lieutenant,
3471-432: The county had secured 60 per cent of its quota of recruits. Berkshire was given a quota of 560 men to fill, and by the end of 1758 the Lord Lieutenant, the 3rd Duke of St Albans , had appointed Sir Willoughby Aston, 5th Baronet of Wadley , as colonel, Arthur Vansittart as lieutenant-colonel, and the Reading MP John Dodd as major. The Berkshire Militia was issued with its arms on 6 June 1759, when Maj Dodd exercised
3560-432: The defence cordon along the Kent coast. It was quartered in Deal and Sandwich for the winter, then was part of a great camp at Hythe in 1795. The next winter was spent in quarters in the Isle of Thanet . In 1796 the regiment marched into the West Country and was stationed around Totnes in Devon . In a fresh attempt to have as many men as possible under arms for home defence in order to release regulars, in 1796
3649-441: The different counties bribed or bullied the conducting officers to release them. Captain William Lower led his Berkshire company through Brackley in Northamptonshire , where they met several mutineers from Daventry who told them tales of being sold into slavery. Lower promised that his men would not be forced to take a single step outside the kingdom, but they refused to believe him and threatened to beat out his brains. The men of
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3738-434: The encampment on Lenham Heath . At the end of the summer, it was quartered in Kentish villages from 31 October, with headquarters at Tunbridge Wells . On 24 June 1782 it was ordered back to Coxheath Camp where it spent the summer. In November it was ordered to quarters in villages around Rochester and Gillingham , but then returned to winter quarters in Newbury in early December. A peace treaty having been agreed in Paris,
3827-407: The first annual training in 1809, there were disturbances among some of the new local militia units. At Reading the men were incited to lay down their arms by members of the Reading Loyal Volunteers, who had been drinking after the King's birthday parade. Meanwhile the RBM continued its movements around the country. By July 1809 the regiment was at Great Yarmouth , and by the end of November 1810 it
3916-410: The first contingent of the supplementary militia for 20 days. The process was repeated at other Berkshire towns such as Wantage and Wallingford until the whole quota had undergone training. Later, many of the supplementaries were recruited into the Regular Army. On 1 October 1797 the Berkshire Militia went into winter quarters at Bristol, where Lt-Col Francis Sykes was involved in a duel in which he
4005-445: The freemen of the shires under command of their Sheriff . It continued under the Norman kings . The force was reorganised under the Assizes of Arms of 1181 and 1252 , and again by King Edward I 's Statute of Winchester of 1285. In addition to the ams and armour kept by householders under these statutes, there are records from 1488–89 of a 'Town Guard' of six men maintained by the Berkshire town of Reading . Reading provided
4094-405: The inconclusive Battle of Edgehill Prince Rupert led the advance guard of the Royalist army through Berkshire, when the Parliamentarians evacuated Reading on 4 November. However, Windsor rejected his summons on 7 November and he continued towards London, joining the King's main body west of the City, where the Parliamentarian Army, supported by the LTBs, blocked the Royalists' advance on London at
4183-420: The invasion-threatened South East of England. The whole camp moved to Ashdown Forest at the beginning of August and then to Brighton for two weeks before returning to Broadwater Common. The camps were broken up on 29 October and the regiment went into winter quarters at Romsey in Hampshire . In the spring of 1794 the Berkshire Militia marched to camp at Eastbourne , and then spent the summer as part of
4272-427: The lords lieutenant were ordered to call out the militia there seems to have been general apathy, while senior military commanders and James's own family deserted him. The skirmish at Reading on 9 December involved not the militia but individual citizens firing from upstairs windows in support of William's troops. The militia were kept at a high level of efficiency during the subsequent reign of William III. During
4361-439: The men to be selected by ballot. This was popularly seen as the 'Constitutional Force' to counterbalance a 'Standing Army' tainted by association with the New Model Army that had supported Cromwell 's military dictatorship, and almost the whole burden of home defence and internal security was entrusted to the militia. The Berkshire Militia was re-established in 1661. Following the Act of Uniformity 1662 , it became part of
4450-423: The militia was disembodied in March 1783. From 1785 to 1791 the militia carried out 28 days' annual training, but to save money only two-thirds of the men were actually called out each year. As the international situation deteriorated in late 1792, the militia began to be embodied. Two thirds of the Berkshires were assembled at the Forbury, Reading, on 18 December, and a week later orders were issued to call out
4539-471: The militia's duties to enforce the Act against Dissenters . At the end of October 1662 the Berkshire lieutenancy was ordered to employ their civil and military powers to suppress dissenting conventicles and to arrest the teachers. The Second Anglo-Dutch War broke put in 1665 and when the Royal Navy was defeated at the Four Days' Battle in June 1666 the militia were ordered to be ready to assemble. In July selected county regiments were embodied to protect
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#17330857809304628-480: The mobilisation of the trained bands on 23 July. The previous April Berkshire had mustered 3120 able-bodied men, of whom 1000 were trained and a further 930 untrained men were 'pioneers'. In addition the county fielded 10 'lances' (heavy cavalry), 180 light horse, and 35 ' petronels ' (the petronel was an early cavalry firearm). The Berkshire TBs were present at the camp at Tilbury where Queen Elizabeth I gave her Tilbury speech on 9 August. The Berkshire contingent of
4717-429: The next two years. In 1855 men were selected to form the Grenadier (No 1) and Light (No 8) companies. War having broken out with Russia in 1854 and an expeditionary force sent to the Crimea , the militia began to be called out for home defence. The Royal Berkshires were embodied at Reading on 1 January 1855, and the men were billeted in the town. About 700 men volunteered for the Line regiments, but by active recruiting
4806-454: The rectory of Ewelme , Pleydell-Bouverie expressed regret "We all have our amusements at various times, but that of the right hon. Gentleman, when he has nothing else to do, is to drive coaches and six through Acts of Parliament". When the Irish University Bill was introduced in March, Pleydell-Bouverie finally broke with Gladstone. He denounced the measure as miserably bad and scandalously inadequate to its professed object. He voted against
4895-624: The regiment left barracks to join an encampment outside Winchester where they were brigaded with the 34th Foot and the Gloucestershire , Bedfordshire , Dorsetshire and Wiltshire Militia, all under the command of Lieutenant-General the Earl of Effingham . This training camp was broken up in October, when the Berkshire Militia were marched in two divisions to quarters at Hungerford and Ilsley , and Newbury and Speen respectively. The following month it moved into its winter quarters, with five companies at Reading and two each at Wallingford and Oakingham (Wokingham). On 18 March 1761 Col Aston
4984-401: The regiment marched to Ashford Barracks in Kent, which they shared with the 2nd Royal Surrey Militia , Meanwhile the Berkshire Supplementary Militia was called out for internal security duty in Berkshire. On 15 October the regiment moved to Shorncliffe Camp , then from 1 December spent the winter at Walmer Barracks and North Infantry Barracks, Deal . On 23 April 1804 the King conferred
5073-415: The regiment only the colonel, John Blagrave, Lt-Col Charles Bacon, Major John Leveson-Gower of Bill Hill, one captain, one ensign and the surgeon were deemed to be 'effective', and it was not until 1855 that the regiment was fully officered. The revived regiment's first training took place at the Forbury, Reading, from 11 November to 1 December 1852, and a period of 28 day's training was carried out in each of
5162-512: The regiment passed through Derby in wagons to be deployed across Lancashire , at Liverpool, Preston , Blackburn and Colne Barracks. In November 1812 the regiment was transferred to South West England where corn riots had broken out around Plymouth . It was stationed at Somerton and then Bideford before going into Millbay Barracks at Plymouth for the winter. Legislation passed in 1798 and 1811 permitted English militia regiments to serve in Ireland for periods of two years, and in 1813
5251-425: The regiment was kept up to strength. Meanwhile the whole regiment volunteered for overseas garrison duty and in July was accepted to serve in the Ionian Islands . In September it went by train to Portsmouth, leaving a small depot at Reading, and embarked for Corfu under the command of Lt-Col Bacon. The bulk of the regiment sailed aboard the Saldhana , while two companies sailed with the 3rd Middlesex Militia aboard
5340-491: The regiment was marched back to Reading and the following month went into winter quarters at Newbury. In March 1762 the regiment went back to Winchester, this time to guard French prisoners of war , returning to Newbury in April. On 15 April 1762 Lt-Col Vansittart took over from Sir Willoughby Aston as colonel of the regiment, and Maj Dodd was promoted to replace him. The senior captain, William Mackworth Praed, accused Dodd of impeding his anticipated promotion to major, but Dodd
5429-411: The regiment, so that ballots had to be held to maintain its strength: by July 1800, while at Netley Camp outside Southampton , it was only 500 strong, half the numbers in 1798. In September a detachment escorting French prisoners at Winchester was diverted to help deal with bread riots at New Alresford . After wintering at Portsmouth the regiment returned to Weymouth in June 1801, where the Royal Family
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#17330857809305518-457: The regiment, with 611 men in 10 companies under the command of Lt-Col Thomas William Ravenshaw, was still stationed at Ipswich as part of Maj-Gen John Robinson's brigade. While at Ipswich the regiment took part in a grand review on Rushmere Heath before the Commander-in-Chief , the Duke of York . From Ipswich the regiment went back to Walmer on 28 August, where it provided working parties for Dover. It then marched to Taunton in Somerset . On
5607-402: The regiments were rarely assembled for training and the permanent staffs of sergeants and drummers were progressively reduced. The Militia of the United Kingdom was revived by the Militia Act 1852 , enacted during a renewed period of international tension. As before, units were raised and administered on a county basis, and filled by voluntary enlistment (although conscription by means of
5696-423: The remainder and to hold a ballot to fill vacancies. Hence the militia was already embodied when Revolutionary France declared war on Britain on 1 February 1793. However, the colonel, the Earl of Radnor , found that the fines levied in Berkshire on balloted men who did not wish to serve were not enough to hire volunteer substitutes, and in 1794 he proposed to keep repeating the ballot for each vacancy until it
5785-419: The second reading on 10 March, when the government was defeated. Subsequently, in letters addressed to The Times he continued his attacks on the measure and on its framers. After his retirement from parliament in 1874, Pleydell-Bouverie became in 1877 associated with the Corporation of Foreign Bondholders , and was soon made its chairman. Under his guidance the debts of many countries were readjusted, and
5874-457: The threat of invasion, the trained bands declined in the early 17th Century, though there was a great muster in 1614 and the Berkshire TBs continued to carry out annual exercises. Later, King Charles I attempted to reform them into a national force or 'Perfect Militia' answering to the king rather than local control. In 1638 the Berkshire Trained Band consisted of 1100 men, of whom 680 were musketeers and 420 'corslets' (armoured pikeman), while
5963-410: The threatened coastline. Three well-equipped companies (300 men) of the Berkshire Militia under Maj Peacock were sent to reinforce the Isle of Wight . The British victory at the St. James's Day Battle on 25–26 July removed the threat and the militia were sent home, However, when the Dutch raided the Medway the following year, Berkshire sent three companies and a troop of horse under Lt-Col Saunders to
6052-415: The title 'Royal' on 12 militia regiments, several of which had served at Weymouth during the Royal Family's summer residences, including the Berkshires. The Royal Berkshire Militia (RBM) left Kent on 30 October for Chelmsford in Essex, and by 28 December was at Stoke Barracks at Ipswich . During the summer of 1805, when Napoleon was massing his 'Army of England' at Boulogne for a projected invasion,
6141-399: The trained bands was one of the major points of dispute between Charles I and Parliament that led to the English Civil War . However, with a few exceptions neither side made much use of the trained bands during the war beyond securing the county armouries for their own full-time troops, many of whom were recruited from their ranks. Open warfare between the King and Parliament broke out in
6230-507: The way it passed through Reading on 30/31 October, where the church bells were rung to greet the local regiment. From Taunton the regiment sent detachments to Bridgwater with prisoners of war, and to the coast defences at Berry Head , Torbay , Brixham and Fishcombe Battery . In the winter of 1806–7 the regiment was around Portsmouth, in Colewort Barracks and at Portsea . Its spent the summer of 1807 in Sussex at Steyning and Blatchington Barracks , with men quartered in Lewes , and in 1808
6319-404: The winter of 1689–90, the Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire, the Duke of Norfolk , reported that the regiment of foot, consisting of 900 men in 9 companies, had good arms and were all clothed in grey, and there were 3 Troops of horse of between 50 and 60 men each, 'All which Militia have been lately settled and mustered in pursuance of their Majesties' commissions'. The following June the whole militia
6408-545: Was acquitted of unsoldierlike conduct by a Court-martial held at Reading. The regiment spent June to October 1762 at its usual summer camp at Winchester. Peace negotiations were now under way (leading to the Treaty of Paris in February 1763) and the militia was disembodied in November 1762. From 1766 to 1777 the Berkshire Militia was regularly mustered for its 28 days' training each year, alternately at The Forbury , Reading, and
6497-471: Was again in residence for the summer. Peace negotiations were now under way, and in December the Berkshire Militia returned to Reading. They marched out to Weymouth again in early 1802, but after the Treaty of Amiens was signed in March they were disembodied at Reading on 24 April. However, the peace was shortlived and the militia were called out again in 1803. The Berkshires were embodied at Reading on 30 March. After newly balloted men had been incorporated,
6586-713: Was an auxiliary military regiment in the county of Berkshire in Southern England . From their formal organisation as Trained Bands , in 1572 and their service during the Armada Crisis and in the English Civil War , the Militia of Berkshire served during times of international tension and all of Britain's major wars. The regiment provided internal security and home defence but sometimes operated further afield, relieving regular troops from routine garrison duties and acting as
6675-795: Was appointed High Sheriff of Wiltshire for 1882–83. Pleydell-Bouverie married Elizabeth Anne, youngest daughter of General Robert Balfour of Balbirnie , Fife, on 1 November 1842. They lived at Market Lavington Manor in Wiltshire and had two sons, Walter (5 July 1848 – 20 May 1893), a captain in the 2nd Wiltshire Rifle Volunteers, and Edward Oliver (12 December 1856 – 13 May 1938), and three daughters. One, Eglantine, married Augustus Keppel Stephenson , Director of Public Prosecutions from 1884 to 1894. Elizabeth Anne died in August 1889. Pleydell-Bouverie only survived her by four months and died at 44 Wilton Crescent , London, on 16 December 1889, aged 71. Royal Berkshire Militia The Royal Berkshire Militia
6764-555: Was at Hailsham Barracks. While the Regular Militia were the mainstay of national defence during the Napoleonic Wars, they were supplemented from 1808 by the Local Militia, which were part-time and only to be used within their own districts. These were raised to counter the declining numbers of Volunteers, and if their ranks could not be filled voluntarily the militia ballot was employed. Berkshire raised three regiments: At
6853-596: Was at the great Prisoner-of-war camp at Norman Cross . Luddite riots began around Nottingham in November 1811, and the RBM was sent to the city from Weeley Barracks in Essex to reinforce the Local Militia and Volunteer Cavalry. 'Frame-breaking' by the rioters continued around the city despite the military presence. The disturbances spread across Northern England early in 1812, and the regiment sent detachments in February to maintain order in Manchester and Liverpool . In April
6942-475: Was called out after the Battle of Beachy Head , and the Berkshires joined a camp of 25,000 men at Portsmouth . The 1697 militia returns show that the Berkshire Militia were commanded by Norfolk as colonel, with 977 foot in 10 companies under Lt-Col Paul Coulston, and 175 horse in 3 troops under Captain-Lieutenant Edmund Sayer. The militia were embodied in response to the Jacobite rising of 1715 : on 25 October
7031-525: Was composed of men from the Royal Berkshires while many other fought in the ranks of the Royal Horse Guards . It was not until September 1815 that the Royal Berkshire Militia finally arrived at Reading. The regiment was disembodied on 14 March 1816. After Waterloo there was another long peace. Although officers continued to be commissioned into the militia and ballots were still held,
7120-569: Was disembodied on 4 July. For this service the regiment received the Battle honour Mediterranean , awarded on 9 June 1856. When the Indian Mutiny broke out the following year, militia regiments were once again called out to release regulars for service there. The Royal Berkshires were embodied on 30 September 1857 and served at North Camp, Aldershot , until they were disembodied on 7 May 1858. Thereafter, annual training (21 or 27 days)
7209-507: Was educated at Harrow School and Trinity College, Cambridge , graduating as a Master of Arts in 1838. Like a number of his kinsmen, he became an officer in the part-time Royal Berkshire Militia , being commissioned as a captain on 23 February 1838 and was still listed in 1852. He was a précis writer to Lord Palmerston from January to June 1840 before he was called to the Bar , Inner Temple , on 27 January 1843. In 1844 Pleydell-Bouverie
7298-536: Was filled. The French Revolutionary Wars saw a new phase for the English militia: they were embodied for a whole generation, and became regiments of full-time professional soldiers (though restricted to service in the British Isles ), which the regular army increasingly saw as a prime source of recruits. They served in coast defences, manning garrisons, guarding prisoners of war, and for internal security, while their traditional local defence duties were taken over by
7387-550: Was made Paymaster General and Vice-President of the Board of Trade , and sworn of the Privy Council . In August of the same year he was transferred to the Presidency of the Poor Law Board , a position he held until 1858. However, he was never a member of the cabinet. In 1857 he was appointed one of the committee of the Council on Education. He was Second Church Estate Commissioner from August 1859 to November 1865, and from 1869 he
7476-476: Was one of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England. Though a staunch liberal, Pleydell-Bouverie belonged to the old whig school , and during his last years in parliament often found himself in disagreement with the policies of Liberal prime minister, William Ewart Gladstone . In 1872, when a charge of evasion of the law was made against Gladstone in connection with the appointment he made to
7565-407: Was ordered to return to Reading for disembodiment, but the order was countermanded and it remained at Liverpool during the winter, at St Domingo House Barracks and Fort Barracks. Early in 1815 Napoleon returned from Elba , sparking off the short Waterloo campaign . Large numbers of embodied militiamen volunteered for the Regular Army, and it was said that a whole Troop of the 7th Hussars at Waterloo
7654-541: Was ordered to send two of his companies by the fastest route from Reading to Witney in Oxfordshire in support of the civil magistrates in suppressing riots. In April the regiment was sent out of Reading while elections were held there, and then concentrated once more to march back to Winchester. Here they camped near the Hessian troops along with the Wiltshire, Dorset, North and South Gloucestershire and South Hampshire Militia, once again under Effingham's command. In October
7743-606: Was returned to Parliament for Kilmarnock Burghs , a constituency he represented until 1874. He served as Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department in Lord John Russell's first administration from July 1850 to March 1852, and from April 1853 to March 1855 he was Chairman of Committees of the House of Commons , while Lord Aberdeen was prime minister. In March 1855, when Lord Palmerston became premier, Pleydell-Bouverie
7832-550: Was slightly wounded. In February 1798 the Berkshire Supplementary Militia was called out for training, and in May half of them (374 men) were drafted into the main body at Bristol, bringing it up to a strength of 12 companies. The regiment was relieved at Bristol on 9 June when it marched into Dorset , to barracks in Poole and Weymouth (6 companies each). On 27 August the whole regiment concentrated at Weymouth, joining
7921-537: Was widely dispersed across Oxfordshire for winter quarters. For the General Election held that autumn, no less than 43 officers and 8 other ranks claimed leave in order to go home to vote. In April 1781 the regiment marched from Oxfordshire to be quartered in villages north and east of London, then in May it went through the city to quarters around Sevenoaks and Maidstone in Kent, finally being sent on 6 June to join
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