Julius Petschek (14 March 1856 – 22 January 1932) was an industrialist of Jewish origin in Austria-Hungary and later in Czechoslovakia . Together with his brother Ignaz, he was one of the wealthiest persons of interwar Czechoslovakia .
15-444: Petschek was born in Kolín . He was a younger son of Moses Petschek (1822–1888) and Sara (née Wiener) Petschek (1827–1894). He had a sister, Rosa Petschek (1855-1934), and two brothers, Isidor Petschek (1854–1919), father of Otto Petschek , and Ignaz Petschek (1857–1934), father of Frank C. Petschek . He and his brothers Isidor and Ignaz played an important role in the coal industry of
30-804: A consequence of the Munich Agreement . Julius is known for commissioning the bank's Petschek Palace in Prague that was used by the Gestapo in World War II. Julius Petschek died in Prague on 22 January 1932 and is buried at the New Jewish Cemetery . Kol%C3%ADn Kolín ( Czech pronunciation: [ˈkoliːn] ; German : Kolin, Neu Kolin ) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of
45-451: A sandstone quarry. Ptolemy's world map of the 2nd century mentions Budorgis in the area of today's Kolín. Kolín was founded by King Ottokar II in the 13th century by relocation, when Starý Kolín ("Old Kolín") was threatened by floods and the king decided to move the settlement. The first written mention of Kolín is from 1261, when it was mentioned that Přelouč obtained town privileges , just like Kolín and Kouřim have. It lay on
60-522: A synagogue from 1696. It is the second oldest and most valuable synagogue in Bohemia . The Jewish cemetery is one of the oldest and largest Jewish cemeteries in Bohemia. It was established in the first half of the 15th century. Kolín is twinned with: Obchodn%C3%AD tisk%C3%A1rny Kol%C3%ADn Obchodní tiskárny Kolín or OTK , today known as OTK Group, a.s. or OTK printing & packaging a.s. ,
75-513: A trade route Prague – Český Brod – Čáslav – Moravia . Jewish people settled in Kolín in the 14th century. In 1437–1438, a castle was founded in Kolín. It was built on the ruins of a burned down monastery. During the Thirty Years' War , it was damaged, and in the 17th century, it was rebuilt as a brewery. In 1911, the castle burned down and its Renaissance look disappeared. The 1757 Battle of Kolín
90-426: Is a Czech printing firm based in Kolín founded in 1879. Today it produces a wide range of paper and card products including labels, and packaging. The company was founded in 1879 by Prague typographer, J. L. Bayer as a lithographic printing office producing calendars and colour pictures. It became the biggest domestic producer of calendars, but also expanded its operations to manufacture books for business. During
105-502: Is the most important employer in the region. Kolín is home to the packaging and paper manufacturer, OTK company. Kolín is connected with Prague by the I/12 road. The I/38 road (the section from Kutná Hora to Nymburk ) also passes through the town. Kolín is a railway junction. The Kolín railway station is located on the major lines Prague– Olomouc and Prague– Brno , which further continue to Slovakia, Hungary and Poland. It also lies on
120-521: The Czech Republic . It has about 33,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument reservation . Kolín is made up of the town parts of Kolín I–VI and the villages of Sendražice, Šťáralka, Štítary and Zibohlavy. The name Kolín probably comes from the Old Czech verb koliti , i.e. "to hammer poles", and is related to the location of Starý Kolín in
135-637: The OTK Group was formed with subsidiaries in Germany, Romania and Russia. Today, OTK's products include: flexible packaging, graphic labels, self-adhesive labels, mercantile products, shrink-sleeve labels, in-mould labels and 'smart pack'. OTK was a major manufacturer of traditional playing cards of the Bohemian pattern , some marketing under a Pegasus motif that was inherited from the cardmakers, Ritter & Cie., of Prague. However, OTK discontinued this activity, and
150-477: The first half of the 20th century the company exported to eastern and central Europe. After the World War II , the firm was rebranded and nationalised under communism as Obchodní tiskárny Kolín and it continued to expand its range, producing forms for computer technology, labels, playing cards and calendars. New premises were built. The firm was denationalised in 1989 and has since continued to expand. In 2006,
165-519: The intraregional lines Prague– Havlíčkův Brod and Ústí nad Labem –Kolín. The historical centre of the town, formed by the Karlovo Square and surrounding streets, has many Gothic and Baroque buildings. The most important monument is the Church of Saint Bartholomew, protected as a national cultural monument . It has an early Gothic core from the second half of the 13th century. In the mid-14th century, it
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#1733092902670180-556: The often flooded area at the confluence of the Klejnárka and Elbe rivers. The soil in the vicinity of the confluence was strengthened with the help of wooden poles. Kolín is located about 47 kilometres (29 mi) east of Prague . It lies in a fertile landscape of the Central Elbe Table lowland. The Elbe River flows through the town. In the eastern part of the municipal territory is Sandberk, an artificial lake created by flooding
195-609: The young Czechoslovakia . Their concern controlled also 30% of the German and in total almost 50% of the European brown coal mining industry in the years after World War I. In 1920 Ignaz founded the Petschek Brothers Bank (Bankhaus Petschek & Co.) in Prague that was directed by 6 family members including Julius. After he died in 1932 his son Walter and Isador's son Hans ran the company until 1938 when they moved to New York as
210-554: Was fought during the Seven Years' War , and in 1944 a refinery in Kolín was bombed during the Oil Campaign of World War II . Zyklon B for the Nazi concentration camps was produced there. In Kolín is the smaller part of Kolín- Ovčáry Industrial Zone, known mostly for the factory of the automobile manufacturing company Toyota Motor Manufacturing . As of 2020, TMM employed 2,400 people. It
225-524: Was rebuilt by the architect Peter Parler . A separate bell tower was built next to the church at the end of the 15th century. In 1878–1910, the Gothic appearance of the church was restored by Josef Mocker . A notable landmark of the town square is the town hall. Originally a Gothic house from the 15th century, it was rebuilt in the Neo-Renaissance style in 1887. In Kolín is the original Jewish ghetto with
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