50-825: Periyar University is a university in Salem , Tamil Nadu , India . It was established by the Government of Tamil Nadu in 1997. It is named after social reformer Thanthai Periyar E. V. Ramasamy . The University Grants Commissions, New Delhi bestowed 2f status in 1998 and 12(B) status in 2005 to the university. It is accredited by NAAC with ' A++ ' grade. It has been awarded a cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 3.61 out of 4 points (performance descriptor "Excellent"). University ranked Second in India only after to Mumbai University and First in Tamil Nadu among State Universities . Periyar University
100-641: A hot-rolled stainless-carbon steel alloy. The plant is being expanded and modernized, with plans for steel-melting and continuous-casting facilities. The Southern Iron and Steel Company (part of JSW Steel ) have their first integrated steel plant in Salem for the production of TMT corrosion-resistant bars and alloy steels . The Salem region is rich in mineral ores, with some of the largest magnesite and bauxite deposits in India. Public and private magnesite factories include Burn Standard and Company, Dalmia Magnesites and Tata Refractories. Salem Mango belt contributes
150-401: A municipal corporation on 1 April 1994. The Salem municipal corporation has 72 wards, each with an elected councillor. The functions of the municipal corporation are divided into six departments: general administration and personnel, engineering, revenue, public health, city planning and information technology (IT). All six departments are governed by a municipal commissioner. Legislative power
200-553: A part of the Chola Dynasty. A mosque in the city is believed to have been built by Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore Kingdom in the present-day state of Karnataka. The town and the surrounding hilly regions were part of the Chola dynasty and were part of the trade route with the Roman empire . It was later governed by Poligars , who built temples and forts in and around the city. It was part of
250-443: A superintendent of police. Salem Central Prison which is located at Hastampatti , serves as the central prison for Salem district. Constructed in 1862, it is one of the oldest prisons in India and has a capacity of 1431 inmates. Salem is a major textile centre in Tamil Nadu, with more than 125 spinning mills, weaving units and garment units. Until the 1960s, it had fewer spinning mills. Private handloom weaving began to increase in
300-559: Is Tamil. Kannada is spoken among Devayanga community. A total of 79,067 were under age six: 40,570 males and 38,497 females. The city's literacy rate was 76.37 percent, higher than the national average of 72.99 percent. Salem had 215,747 households and a total of 332,147 workers: 1,599 farmers, 3,040 agricultural laborers, 32,597 in household industries, 278,892 other workers, 16,019 part-time workers, 165 part-time farmers, 544 part-time agricultural workers, 1,937 part-time workers in household industries and 13,373 other part-time workers. As per
350-454: Is directly connected to Chennai, Hyderabad, Bengaluru, and Cochin. The other nearest major airports are Tiruchirappalli (152 km) and Coimbatore (148 km). Gandhi Stadium , built originally for cricket, also hosts athletic meets, football, Volleyball and basketball. Salem District Cricket Association (SDCA) has 47 teams in league cricket. The city has 2 international standard turf grounds. The Green Valley Sports club Cricket ground
400-623: Is in the Suramangalam area of the city. Salem is also famous for its silver jewelry. Shevapet, Sivathapuram and Panangadu are the areas where the Silver Products are made in cottage industries. Salem produces World Class Artistic Silver Anklets, Toe Rings, Neck Chains, Pendants and Silverware. Salem has the presence of Multi-National Corporations, including Capgemini, First American (India) Financial Corporation (FAI), Whirlpool Warehouse, Vee Technologies, and SourceHOV LLC. The Tamil Nadu government
450-460: Is located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) northwest of Tiruchirappalli , 170 kilometres (106 mi) northeast of Coimbatore , 206 kilometres (128 mi) southeast of Bangalore and about 346 kilometres (210 mi) southwest of the state capital, Chennai . Mettur Dam is the main water resource for Salem District . Salem has a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen climate classification Aw ). January and February are generally pleasant;
500-831: Is located on the Salem-Bengaluru Highway (NH44) in Kaamalapuram about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the city. Airports Authority of India (AAI) opened the airport in 1993 for commercial operations. Kingfisher Airlines flew from Chennai but ended its service in October 2011 due to low occupancy. Trujet started services to Chennai in March 2018 as a part of the Udaan scheme by Government of India as well as Air Odisha gives connectivity to Bengaluru and Pondicherry from June 2018. Flight services resumed from October 2023. Now, Salem
550-539: Is on the outskirts of Salem city. The state chief minister Edappadi K. Palaniswami inaugurated the Salem Cricket Foundation Stadium with international standards on 10 February 2020 in the presence of former cricketer Rahul Dravid and former ICC and BCCI president N. Srinivasan built at a cost of ₹ 3 crore (US$ 360,000) in Karivepilapatti near Vazhapadi . This newly inaugurated ground
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#1732881063406600-531: Is one of the Pancha Bhrigu Kshethram and the rest are Tirupathi , Sarangapani temple , Nachiyar Koil and Oppiliappan temple . The Kottai Mariamman Temple, dedicated to the goddess Mariamman , has an annual five-day festival during the Tamizh month of Aadi (mid-July to mid-August). The temple's gopuram is made up of seven tiers. Sugavaneshwarar Temple is dedicated to Shiva , and according to mythology
650-588: Is part of the Salem Lok Sabha constituency. The current Member of Parliament from the constituency is S. R. Parthiban from the DMK. Law and order is maintained by the Salem city subdivision of the Tamil Nadu Police , headed by a Police commissioner . Special units include prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and a district-level special branch headed by
700-763: Is recognised as Salem day and it is celebrated by the people all over the city. Salem city celebrates its birthday every year on the first of November. Siddhar The Siddhar ( Tamil (romanized) cittar) in Tamil tradition is a perfected individual who has attained spiritual powers called siddhi . Historically, Siddhar also refers to the people who were early-age wandering adepts that dominated ancient Tamil teaching and philosophy. They were knowledgeable in science, technology, astronomy, literature, fine arts, music, drama, and dance and provided solutions to common people's illnesses and advice for their future. Some of their ideologies are considered to have originated during
750-620: Is said to have prayed here. The Masjid Inam granted to the mosque in 1862 was confirmed by the British with a special resolution in 1880. Christ Church is located on Fort Road and the church was consecrated in 1875. The other popular churches in and around the city include the Lechler Memorial Church, which is the oldest church in Salem, was built in 1856 by a German missionary in Fort Salem. Salem's traditional shopping areas are in
800-748: Is smashed murukku mixed with chutney, groundnut, coconut, sliced tomatoes and Chillipowder (Molagapodi). Egg Settu, Murukku Settu and Maanga Settu are the different varieties of Thattu vadai Set. Salem has a variety of vegetarian and non-vegetarian hotels which offer good food at a reasonable price. Salem has six arterial roads : Omalur Road , Cherry Road, Saradha College Road, Junction Main Road, Trichy Road and Attur Road. Three National Highways originate from or pass through Salem: NH 44 ( Srinagar via Madurai and Tirunelveli Kanyakumari ), NH 544 (Salem – Kochi via Erode and Coimbatore and Tiruppur )and NH 79 (Salem – Ulundurpet ). Salem
850-492: Is surrounded by hills: Nagaramalai on the north, Jarugumalai on the south, Kanjamalai on the west, Godumalai on the east and the Shevaroy Hills on the northeast. Kariyaperumal Hill is in southwestern Salem. The Thirumanimutharu River flows through the city, dividing it in two. The fort area is the oldest part of Salem. Salem lies in the foothills of Shevaroy hills which houses the famous hill Station ' Yercaud '. It
900-561: Is the first State University to rank " A++ " grade. The Government of Tamil Nadu established Periyar University at Salem on 17 September 1997, as per the provisions of the Periyar University Act, 1997. The university caters to affiliated colleges under the area comprising the districts of Salem , Dharmapuri, Namakkal and Krishnagiri . The university got 12(B) and 2f status from the University Grants Commission and
950-777: Is the headquarters of the Salem division of TNSTC . The city has two major bus stations: the MGR Integrated Bus Terminus in Meyyanoor and the Town Bus Station (Old Bus Stand) in the town area. Intercity and interstate routes and private buses originate at the Central Bus Stand (New Bus Stand) , and local buses originate at the Old Bus Stand. The Anna Flyover is the oldest in the city, and the Trumpet Interchange
1000-583: Is the home ground for Salem Spartans , a TNPL team and also the second home ground for the Indian Premier League team of Chennai Super Kings . T. Natarajan , who hails from Salem, made his international debut for the India cricket team in December 2020 He plays in the Indian Premier League for Sunrisers Hyderabad and is nicknamed as "Yorker King" for his accurate Yorkers at death overs in T20 games. In
1050-411: Is trying to get Hindustan Aeronautics Limited on board to set up a manufacturing unit at Salem as the state has been chosen for establishing the center's ambitious defense corridor project with Salem being one of the nodes. Salem had a population of 826,267 in the 2011 census . There were 987 females for every 1,000 males, significantly higher than the national average of 929. The main language spoken
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#17328810634061100-623: Is vested in the 60-member council, headed by an elected chairperson and assisted by a deputy chairperson. In 2008, the constituencies of Salem were redrawn as Salem North , Salem South and Salem West . The city elects the three members to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly once every five years. Present MLAs are R. Rajendran (Salem North) from Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam , Arul Ramadoss (Salem West) from Pattali Makkal Katchi and E. Balasubramanian (Salem South) from All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam . The city
1150-518: The First Sangam period. Siddhars were typically scientists, saints, doctors, alchemists, and mystics all in one. They wrote their findings in the form of Tamil poems on palm leaf manuscripts . They typically believe in one god , but there are some Siddhars who believe in polytheism. These are still owned by some families in Tamil Nadu and handed down through the generations, as well as being kept in universities in India, Germany, Great Britain, and
1200-502: The Indian state of Tamil Nadu surrounded by mountains. Salem is the fifth largest urban agglomeration in the state, exceeded by Chennai , Coimbatore , Madurai , Tiruchirappalli , and Third largest metropolitan region in the state only after to Chennai and Coimbatore metropolitan regions. The city is 124 km (48 sq mi) large. Major products of Salem include silver anklets, sago , mangoes, steel, and textiles. During
1250-578: The Pandya dynasty started ruling the region around Salem. Afterwards, the Pallava dynasty arose in Salem, followed by Mahendra Varma Pallava coming to Salem and the rise of Saivite principles. Mahendra Varma Pallava was succeeded by Narasimha Varma Pallava. Soon, the Pandya dynasty ruled over Salem. The Hoysala rule established in Salem and parts around Salem was retained under the Pandya dynasty. The city has also been
1300-564: The Vijayanagara empire before being captured by Hyder Ali during the early 18th century, after the Mysore-Madurai war . It was ceded to the British in 1768 and the area became part of the struggle between Kongu Nadu , led by Dheeran Chinnamalai , and the British. Salem became part of Salem district since independence in 1947. Salem district was the first district to be formed in India on 4 April 1792 that spread over 7,530 km comprising
1350-731: The 2020 IPL season, delivered a whopping 96 yorkers in 16 IPL matches this year. He played a major role for India to win the Dettol T20 Series 2020 in Australia. Mariyappan Thangavelu from Salem is an Indian Paralympic high jumper. He represented India in the 2016 Summer Paralympic games held in Rio de Janeiro in the men's high jump T-42 category, winning the gold medal in the finals. Salem has several educational institutions with Arts and Science colleges affiliated to Periyar University founded in 1997. Salem has one sister city : As of 2014, there
1400-558: The Siddhars are of the 18 persons listed below, but Agastya states that there are many who precede and follow these. There are 18 Siddhars in the Tamil Siddha tradition: Apart from the 18 Siddhars listed above, there is another list of 18 Siddhars who represent the 9 Navagrahas (with two Siddhars representing each Navagraha). All navagraha doshas and pariharams are performed to the Siddhars as Siddhar Velvi (Siddhar havan). The details of
1450-726: The Town area, with major retailers in Bazaar Street, Car Street, First Agraharam and Chinna Kadai Street. Shevapet and the Fort area are noted for hardware and furniture, and Leigh Bazaar in Shevapet is the main wholesale market. Reliance Shopping Mall, the city's largest shopping complex is situated near Five Roads. Other malls in the city are Nirmal Skywin mall and Kandaswarna Mega mall. Kurumbapatti Zoological Park and Anna Park are government-run parks. Paravasa Ulagam and Dream Land are amusement parks in
1500-463: The United States. In this way, Siddhars developed the native Siddha medicine system. A rustic form of healing that is similar to Siddha medicine has since been practiced by experienced elders in the villages of Tamil Nadu. This is referred to as pātti vaittiyam (grandmother's medicine), nāttu maruntu (folk medicine), and mūlikai maruttuvam (herbal medicine). Siddhars are also believed to be
1550-610: The Universities and 63rd Rank among universities in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2022 and in the 101–150 band overall. University moved 10 places upward compared to 2021. Salem, Tamil Nadu Salem , natively spelt as Selam ( pronounced [seːlam] ), is a major city in Salem district , located on the banks of the Thirumanimutharu river in
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1600-403: The affiliated colleges. Periyar University has 27 teaching and research departments in eight schools. The departments are clustered into schools to promote inter-disciplinary research. A total of 79 academic programmes are offered by the departments. A proposal has been submitted to the state government for approval to start a History Department. Apart from its teaching and research departments,
1650-476: The city. Mookaneri (Kannankurichi) lake within the city limits is a popular tourist place and bird watching destination. Yercaud, a major hill station in Tamil Nadu is about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Salem City. The ghat road starts at the end of the Salem City limits. The ghat road is a picturesque spot and attracts a lot of early morning walkers and joggers. Yercaud is also a famous weekend getaway for
1700-459: The cleanest station among the divisional headquarters railway stations and also the ninth cleanest railway station in the entire country, according to a survey report published in June 2017. Other major railway stations catering to the city include Salem Town , Salem Market, Omalur Junction , Karuppur railway station and Ayothiapattinam railway station. Salem Airport ( IATA SXV , ICAO VOSM )
1750-550: The economy in large scale by exporting mangoes to foreign countries and supplying mangoes all over India. The Leigh Bazaar is the region's largest market for agricultural products. The Tamil Nadu government and the Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu are planning a 160-acre (65 ha) IT park in the city. The Steel Authority of India is planning a 250-acre (100 ha) steel special economic zone in its Salem plant, and an electrical and electronics industrial estate
1800-588: The founders of varma kalai - a martial art for self-defense and medical treatment at the same time with the application of pressure points. Tamil Siddhars were the first to develop pulse-reading ( naadi paarththal in Tamil) to identify the origin of diseases. According to regional belief, the Siddhars are said to have resided for many ages upon a mountain called Sathuragiri , near the Thanipparai village in Tamil Nadu. The Abithana Chintamani encyclopedia states that
1850-419: The hot summer begins in March, with the year's highest temperatures during April. Pre-monsoon thunderstorms occur during April and May. The Southwest monsoon season lasts from June to September. The northeast monsoon occurs from October to December. Salem is the headquarters of Salem district . The town was constituted as a municipality in 1867, and was upgraded to a special-grade municipality in 1979 and to
1900-473: The outskirts of the city. Salem Junction is an A-1 category ISO-14001 certified railway junction located in Suramangalam area, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) west of the city. In 2005, the Railway Board approved the creation of a Salem railway division from Palakkad and Tiruchirapalli divisions . It is the fourth-largest of the six Southern Railway zone divisions. Salem Railway Junction has been rated as
1950-529: The people of Salem and nearby districts and states. Thattu vadai Set (or simply called as settu) is a savory snack and popular street food, which originated in Salem and is now available in other cities in Tamil Nadu like Chennai. It is a very famous street snack available at almost every small stall set up on the streets of Salem. The sandwich consists of two crunchy thattai discs with fillings such as crispy beetroot, carrot and other vegetables smeared with green and red chutneys. Norukkal Mix, another popular snack
2000-496: The present-day Namakkal , Dharmapuri , Krishnagiri . Alexander Reed was the collector of the Salem district from 1792 to 1799. Until 2008, the city was part of the Salem I and Salem II assembly constituencies. Salem is also a home to one of the earliest film studios in the country, Modern Theatres . Salem is located at 11°40′N 78°08′E / 11.67°N 78.14°E / 11.67; 78.14 , at an average elevation of 278 m (912 ft.). The city
2050-544: The region after the 1960s and during the 1980s, the textile industry expanded with major spinning mills and dyeing units established supporting the industry. The area also houses a number of sago factories for the production starch. In Salem district, 34,000 hectares (130 sq mi) of land are devoted to cassava and 650 industrial units are engaged in tapioca processing. In 1981, the Salem Starch and Sago Manufacturers Service Industrial Co-operative Society (SAGOSERVE)
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2100-414: The religious census of 2011, Salem had 89.79% Hindus , 7.48% Muslims , 2.36% Christians , 0.11% Jains , 0.02% Sikhs , 0.01% Buddhists , 0.2% following other religions and 0.02% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference. Salem has several Hindu temples. The Kottai Perumal koil is present in centre of the city (also called as Sundararaja Perumal Temple, Salem ). This temple
2150-531: The sage Sugha Brahmarishi is worshiped there. Arunagirinadhar sang a song about Muruga in the temple, which was built during the 13th century by Mamannan Sundara Pandiyan. Kottai Perumal Temple, Skandhashram, Jamia Masjid is Salem's oldest mosque and lies on the southern bank of the Thirumanimutharu River in the heart of the city. It was reportedly built by the Kingdom of Mysore ruler Tipu Sultan , who
2200-596: The state under the smart City scheme . The terminal building of the New Bus terminus is also reconstructed under the smart City scheme. A new bus port has also been proposed for the city at Jagirammapalayam near IT park with an area of about 61 acres. This includes a bypass road to connect the Ayothiapattinam area of the city with the bus port. Other bus stands include the Omalur bus station and Attayampatti bus station in
2250-553: The third century BCE, there was the period of Bogar – a notable Tamil Siddhar , and at that time Jainism and Buddhism arrived. Around the beginning of the common era , the existence of a culturally and economically advanced society in Salem two thousand years ago is evident from the discovery of silver coins of the Roman Emperor Tiberices Claudices Nero (37–68 CE) in Koneripatti of Salem in 1987. Later,
2300-561: The university has established five constituent colleges at Mettur , Idappadi (both in Salem District), Pennagaram , Harur , and Pappireddipatty (in Dharmapuri District). The university is on National Highway 7 , 7 km (4.3 mi) from Salem city. The campus extends to about 110 acres (0.45 km), accommodating the administrative and department buildings. The University was ranked 4th Rank (ARRAI) Atal Ranking among
2350-641: Was accredited by NAAC with B+ grade in 2007, which was upgraded to 'A' during the reaccreditation in May 2015. In 2021 University upgraded to "A++" grade during the reaccreditation in December 2021. A total of 106 colleges from four districts of Tamil Nadu are affiliated with the university and PG extension center at Dharmapuri (Periyar University PG Extension Center, Adhiyaman Government Boys Higher Secondary School Campus), which includes five autonomous colleges, 65 colleges with PG departments and 45 colleges with research departments. More than 1,40,000+ students are studying in
2400-420: Was built in the realignment of NH 544 to ease traffic towards Coimbatore . A new double-decker flyover runs within main city centres like New bus stand, 5 roads, saratha college road, 4 roads to ease congestion on these roads. It is the longest double-decker flyover in Tamil Nadu covering a length of 7.87 km. The Town Bus terminus is being upgraded into a double decker bus terminus, the first of this kind in
2450-474: Was established to promote the sago industry and nearly 80 percent of the national demand for sago and starch is met by SAGOSERVE. In and around Salem cassava yields are 25–30 tons per hectare, one of the highest in the world; the national average is 19 tons per hectare, and the world average is 10 tons. The Salem Steel Plant, a unit of the Steel Authority of India , produces cold-rolled stainless steel and
2500-604: Was talk of reviving the now-stagnant Sister City project launched in 1964 with Salem in Oregon, USA. The Salem city was formed on 1 November 1866. Salem City Municipal Council celebrated its Centenary in 1966. Fittingly the Municipality was upgraded into a special grade Municipality on 1 April 1979. The Centurion Municipality was declared as the Salem City Municipal Corporation The date of formation of Salem city
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