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53-511: In 1937 Pelle Svanslös first appeared in a radio series, which was broadcast from a small studio in the university building in Uppsala . A series of twelve children's books based on the character was published between 1939 and 1972. The first eleven books were illustrated by Lucie Lundberg . The books about Pelle are seen as a protest against the ever more overt support seen for Nazism in Sweden during

106-613: A bit, with all months receiving less than 40 mm (1.6 in) on average. Annual precipitation is 576 mm (22.7 in). Rainfall can occur all year round, although it is less common in January and February. Snowfall mainly occurs between November and March. Snowfall in October and April can happen from time to time, but not every year. During the night between 30 April and 1 May 2014, approximately 15 cm (5.9 in) of snow fell in Uppsala,

159-825: A perfectly preserved 17th-century anatomical theatre (used in its time for public dissections). Next to Gustavianum is the 18th century Archbishop's Palace , the official residence of the Lutheran Archbishop of Uppsala and the primate of the Church of Sweden. Across the street from the Gustavianum in the University Park stands the University Hall , erected in 1879–86 in Italian renaissance style . The Uppsala University Coin Cabinet

212-509: Is Fyrishov and is Sweden's fourth most visited, specialized in swimming, sports events, meetings and recreation. The facility includes areas for indoor sports, summer sport and a generous waterpark with waterslides, 50-meter pool, training pool, relaxation area and a large outdoor swimming pool. Accommodation is offered at the Fyrishov cabin area, and at the resort restaurants a good lunch or dinner can be enjoyed. Fyrishov AB's business also includes

265-536: Is July 2018, with a daily mean of 22.0 °C (71.6 °F). Since 2002 Uppsala has experienced 7 months where the daily mean was 20 °C (68 °F) or warmer, the most recent in July 2021 when the daily mean was 20.7 °C (69.3 °F). The coldest month ever recorded is January 1814, when the daily mean was −14.9 °C (5.2 °F). Between January 1814 and January 1987, Uppsala experienced 23 months that were colder than −10 °C (14 °F). Since February 1987,

318-583: Is a county or län on the eastern coast of Sweden , whose capital is the city of Uppsala . It borders the counties of Dalarna , Stockholm , Södermanland , Västmanland , Gävleborg , and the Baltic Sea . The northern parts of the province of Uppland encompasses Uppsala County. The main aim of the County Administrative Board is to fulfill the goals set in national politics by the Riksdag and

371-435: Is also the site of the 16th-century Uppsala Castle . The city was severely damaged by a fire in 1702. Historical and cultural treasures were also lost, as in many Swedish cities, from demolitions during the 1960s and 1970s, but many historic buildings remain, especially in the western part of the city. The arms bearing the lion can be traced to 1737 and have been modernised several times, most recently in 1986. The meaning of

424-563: Is located in the university main building. Not far from the university stands the Uppsala University Library ( Carolina Rediviva ), the largest library in Sweden, with over 5 million volumes and some 60,000 manuscripts. The building was built in 1820–41. On a circa 35-metre high hill to the southwest of the University Library stands Uppsala Castle . Its construction was initiated in 1549 by King Gustav Vasa , founder of

477-435: Is one of the busiest train stations in Sweden, with around 45 000 passengers per day. The station is served by several different train operators, with Mälartåg , SJ and SL being the primary ones, while Vy operates night trains to Narvik . Trains depart Uppsala Central Station in three directions. There are trains to the south, Arlanda , Stockholm and Linköping , to the northwest, Dalarna and Sala , and to

530-460: The Government , to coordinate the interests of the county, promote its development, establish regional goals and safeguard the due process of law in the handling of each case. The County Administrative Board is a Government Agency headed by a Governor. See List of Uppsala Governors . The County Council of Uppsala or Region Uppsala (previously Landstinget i Uppsala län ), which is appointed by

583-522: The History Channel's Canadian-Irish TV series Vikings , Uppsala is visited by Ragnar Lothbrok and his entourage to worship the Aesir gods and offer a human sacrifice to appease them. In that visit Lothbrok meets Uppsala's King Horik. The episode was criticised for its poorly researched depiction of Uppsala, which was shown as being located in a mountainous region, as well as of its heathen temple, which in

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636-661: The Vasa royal dynasty . Today the castle holds several museums, among them the regional art museum, and is the residence of the Uppsala County Governor ( landshövding ). There are several botanical museums in Uppsala related to the world-famous 18th century botanist and zoologist Carl Linnaeus; the Botanic Garden next to the castle, the Linnaean Garden in the city centre, and Linnaeus Hammarby , Linnaeus' summer house in

689-459: The centigrade temperature scale that now bears his name, and Carl Linnaeus , the father of taxonomy . Other Uppsala residents include filmmaker Ingmar Bergman , diplomat Dag Hammarskjöld , chemists Jöns Jacob Berzelius and Svante Arrhenius , actress Viveca Lindfors , and singer Malena Ernman . Uppsala was originally the name of a place a few kilometres north of the current city, now known as Gamla Uppsala (Old Uppsala). Today's Uppsala

742-517: The winter solstice . Despite Uppsala's northerly location, the winter is not as cold as other cities at similar latitudes, mainly due to the Gulf Stream . For example, in January Uppsala has a daily mean of −2.7 °C (27.1 °F). In Canada , at the same latitude, Fort Smith experiences a daily mean of −22.4 °C (−8.3 °F). With respect to record temperatures, the difference between

795-594: The 13th century and can be seen from a long distance outside the city, other tall buildings being rare. Facing the west end of the cathedral is the Gustavianum , built in 1625 to be the main building of the university, and served as such through most of the 19th century. It contains the Museum of Nordic Antiquities, the Victoria Museum (of Egyptian antiquities) and the university's cultural history collections. It also houses

848-415: The 1930s, and as such constitute a satire on contemporaneous society. The books have been translated to several European languages. The stories take place in Uppsala , Sweden . The characters of the books are cats ; however, they are often based on real people. Knutsson studied at Uppsala University and was involved with the student societies Stockholms nation and Uppsala Student Union , and many of

901-499: The 980s. The present-day Uppsala was at that time a port town of Gamla Uppsala . In 1160, King Eric Jedvardsson was attacked and killed outside the church of Östra Aros, and later became venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church . In 1274, Östra Aros overtook Gamla Uppsala as the main regional centre, and when the cathedral of Gamla Uppsala burnt down, the archbishopric and the relics of Saint Eric were moved to Östra Aros, where

954-546: The Swedish basketball league. There are also athletic club Uppsala, Uppsala, fencing club, Uppsala Judo Club, Sweden's oldest judo club, Uppsala volleyball companion, Upsala weightlifting club and Upsala Simsällskap , one of the world's oldest swimmingclubs. The sport that draws the most audience is floorball. Uppsala's two teams in the Swedish Super League, Storvreta IBK and IK Sirius IBK, have Fyrishov as their home. One of

1007-540: The capital Stockholm, it is also the seat of Uppsala Municipality . Since 1164, Uppsala has been the ecclesiastical centre of Sweden, being the seat of the Archbishop of the Church of Sweden . Uppsala is home to Scandinavia's largest cathedral – Uppsala Cathedral , which was the frequent site of the coronation of the Swedish monarch until the late 19th century. Uppsala Castle , built by King Gustav Vasa , served as one of

1060-442: The characters are modelled on real-life people from this environment. Pelle is a kindhearted and gullible cat who is constantly being tricked and bullied by Elaka Måns ("Mean Mike") and his dim-witted helpers Bill and Bull, who always echo Måns while slightly misunderstanding him, adding comic relief. However, good always prevails over evil, and Pelle even gets to experience true love together with Maja Gräddnos ("Maya Cream-nose"). In

1113-593: The city easily accessible by air. Just like Stockholm, Uppsala is located on Sweden's east coast at the 59th parallel north. The commercial centre of Uppsala is quite compact. The city has a distinct town and gown divide with clergy, royalty, and academia historically residing in the Fjärdingen neighbourhood on the river's western shore, somewhat separated from the rest of the city, and the ensemble of cathedral, castle and university buildings has remained mostly undisturbed to this day. While some historic buildings remain on

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1166-492: The city. County buses, are instead meant for journeys within the wider municipality and county . The type of bus line can be seen by its colour, as city buses are painted green while county buses are painted yellow. Three city buses, 30, 31, and 32, are known as mjuka linjer , literally "soft lines", which are fitted for the elderly and disabled , by having stops closer to places like hospitals and pharmacys , in order to reduce walking distance. Uppsala Central Station

1219-431: The coldest month recorded is −8.6 °C (16.5 °F). The warmest year ever recorded was 2014, with an average temperature of 8.1 °C (46.6 °F). The second warmest is 2018, with 8.0 °C (46.4 °F). Since 1991, Uppsala has recorded 15 years with an average temperature of 7 °C (45 °F) or warmer. The coldest year ever recorded was 1867, with an average temperature of 2.5 °C (36.5 °F). 1987

1272-458: The countryside village of Danmarks Hammarby south of the city. 5 kilometres (3 miles) north of Uppsala city lies Gamla Uppsala (Old Uppsala), the location of the pre-Christian settlement of Uppsala which later provided the new name for the medieval settlement further south. There are few remains, with the exception of several huge burial mounds of pre-Christian monarchs and the previous cathedral from 1164 A.D., traditionally said to be built over

1325-522: The electorate of the county, is primarily responsible for health care and public transportation . The most recent county elections include: The table details all Riksdag election (general election) results of Uppsala County since the unicameral era began in 1970 . The blocs denote which party would support the Prime Minister or the lead opposition party towards the end of the elected parliament. The County of Uppsala inherited its coat of arms from

1378-455: The first books Pelle is a house cat in the home of the children Olle and Birgitta, but as he grows he enters a relationship with cohabitant Maja in a basement peep-hole. After a while, the book series become more and more anthropomorphized , with less and less mention of the human world around Pelle. Unlike the other cats in the series, Pelle has no tail (his name Svanslös "without a tail" reflects this). A large rat bit off Pelle's tail when he

1431-445: The first recorded snowfall in May since 1981. Uppsala has an annual average snow cover around 100 days. Uppsala has economic development in many sectors. Today Uppsala is well established in medical research and recognised for its leading position in biotechnology . The Fyris river (Fyrisån) neatly divides the city into two different parts: the historic quarter to the west of the river and

1484-583: The highest and lowest is relatively large. Uppsala's highest recorded temperature was 37.4 °C (99.3 °F), recorded on 9 July 1933. On the same day Ultuna , which lies a few kilometres south of the centre of Uppsala, recorded a temperature of 38 °C (100.4 °F). This is the highest temperature ever recorded in the Scandinavian Peninsula , although the same temperature was recorded in Målilla , Sweden, 14 years later. Uppsala's lowest temperature

1537-554: The history of the site itself. The European route E4 highway passes to the east of the city and provides the main connection by road to Uppsala. Several other smaller roads, such as Riksväg 72 and 55 , connects the city with cities such as Enköping and Sala . Buses within Uppsala Municipality and county are operated by UL . Bus lines in Uppsala go under two categories: city buses, and county buses. City bus lines, of which there are 15, are meant for journeys within

1590-482: The latter parts of the 19th century. Winter normally arrives in late November, and lasts until the middle of March when spring arrives. Summer usually arrives in the middle of May, and lasts until late September when autumn arrives. Precipitation is most common between June and November, in all these months it falls 50 mm (2.0 in) or more on average. August receives most precipitation with 74 mm (2.9 in). Between January and May precipitation levels fall

1643-749: The lion is uncertain, but is likely connected to the royal lion, also depicted on the Coat of Arms of Sweden . In ecclesiastical terms, the place has always belonged to Uppsala parish, from 1961 called Uppsala cathedral parish. The incorporated parts of Uppsala belong to Gamla Uppsala parish, Helga Trefaldighets parish and Vaksala parish. After parish break-up in 1974, parts of the town are located in Gottsunda parish. After further building expansion, some are also in Denmark-Funbo parish, before 2010 in Denmark parish. Until 1971,

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1696-544: The modern administrative, residential and commercial city centre to the east. Most of the historical sights and university buildings are in the western part, with a medieval street layout, river views and parks and dominated by the cathedral. The most outstanding building in Uppsala is the Domkyrka ( Uppsala Cathedral ), Scandinavia's largest church building (118.70 m (389.44 ft) high). Together with Uppsala Castle it has dominated Uppsala's skyline since its construction in

1749-741: The most classical sports events, the Swedish bandy final , took place at Studenternas IP 1991–2012. After being played indoors in Stockholm 2013–2017, from 2018 it is again played in Uppsala. It usually attracts a spectator crowd of more than 20,000. Once every year, the Uppsala Union of Science and Engineering Students arrange a river rafting in the Fyris river with rafts built from styrofoam. Other sports clubs located in Uppsala include: (* = born in Uppsala) In

1802-447: The most pronouncing increase in temperature, with each month increasing 1.5 °C or more. The only month that did not get warmer is June, which got 0.3 °C colder. During the 20th century, Uppsala has warmed drastically, especially the winter. If compared to the period 1861–1890, the annual increase in temperature is 1.8 °C. March is the month with the biggest increase, where the temperature has increased more than 3 °C since

1855-403: The name SM-town Uppsala in 2007 but was expanded to include international events and competitions at high national level. The project aims to develop Uppsala, a leading sports town in Sweden. In 2009 there were 24 SM-competitions and major national and international competitions in Uppsala. At Fyrishov the city's basketball team Uppsala Basket also plays, former KFUM Uppsala, their home games in

1908-460: The north Gävle , Sundsvall , Östersund and to the northern half of Sweden as well as sleeper trains to Narvik in Norway. While Uppsala has no civilian airport of its own, Arlanda Airport is located about 30 km south of Uppsala. Ärna Air Base north of Uppsala has been proposed for development as a commercial airport, but as of 2024 remains exclusively military. The largest arena in Uppsala

1961-664: The old heathen temple (and recent archaeological investigations seems to support this notion). The site was a major religious centre in Scandinavia in pre-Christian times. After the old cathedral church burned down around 1240 it was only partially restored to a more modest size as it no longer was the seat of the Archbishop. The Gamla Uppsala Museum exhibits archeological finds made during excavations in Gamla Uppsala and related finds from other parts of Uppland , as well as exhibitions on

2014-452: The operation of Gottsundabadet in which there is a 25-metre pool, a 10-metre children's pool and gym. The entire facility is open all year round and a large number of meetings and various events are held here annually. In addition to activities within the arena Fyrishov AB runs Tävlingsstaden Uppsala in a collaboration between the sports organizers, Fyrishov AB, Uppsala, Uppsala Tourism and hotel business. Co-founded in 2006 by Fyrishov AB under

2067-418: The outskirts of the city. Meanwhile, the built-up areas have expanded greatly, and some suburbanization has taken place. Uppsala lies immediately south of the 60th parallel north and has a humid continental climate ( Dfb ), with cold winters and warm summers. Due to its northerly location, Uppsala experiences over 18 hours of visible sunshine during the summer solstice , and under 6 hours of sunshine during

2120-446: The periphery of the central core, retail commercial activity is geographically focused on a small number of blocks around the pedestrianized streets and main square on the eastern side of the river, an area that was subject to a large-scale metamorphosis during the economically booming years in the 1960s in particular. During recent decades, a significant part of retail commercial activity has shifted to shopping malls and stores situated in

2173-565: The present-day Uppsala Cathedral was erected; it was inaugurated in 1435. The cathedral is built in the Gothic style and is one of the largest in northern Europe, with towers reaching 118.70 metres (389.4 ft). The city is the site of the oldest university in Scandinavia , founded in 1477, and is where Carl Linnaeus , one of the renowned scholars of Uppsala University , lived for many years; both his house and garden can still be visited. Uppsala

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2226-474: The royal residences of the Swedish monarchs, and was expanded several times over its history, making Uppsala the secondary capital of Sweden during its greatest extent . Today, it serves as the residence of the Governor of Uppsala County . Founded in 1477, Uppsala University is the oldest centre of higher education in Scandinavia . Among the many scholars associated with the city are Anders Celsius , inventor of

2279-595: The same cast but Erik Lindgren voicing Peter. In 1997, Sveriges Television produced the Nordic Christmas calendar live action TV series Peter-No-Tail with Björn Kjellman portraying Peter. This was followed in 2000 by the live action feature Peter-No-Tail and the Great Treasure Hunt . Picture books as well as two editions as a comics series have also been published; one comic magazine ran between 1965 and 1972. A new 2D animated feature-length film musical

2332-492: The series was built in the style of a medieval Christian stave church . The literary series Pelle Svanslös (Peter No Tail) which follows the adventures of a cat with no tail and his friends created by author Gösta Knutsson takes place in Uppsala. Umberto Eco's book The Name of the Rose includes a character of a young Scandinavian monk Benno of Uppsala. Uppsala County Uppsala County ( Swedish : Uppsala län )

2385-458: The series. They were all named by Swedish astronomer Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist . Uppsala Uppsala ( Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɵ̂pːˌsɑːla] ; archaically spelled Upsala ) is the capital of Uppsala County and the fourth-largest city in Sweden , after Stockholm , Gothenburg , and Malmö . It had 177,074 inhabitants in 2019. Located 71 km (44 mi) north of

2438-460: The site of Uppsala's castle, from which large parts of the town can be seen. The central park Stadsskogen (literally "City Forest") stretches from the south far into town, with opportunities for recreation for many residential areas within walking distance. Located approximately 70 km (43 mi) or 40 minutes by train from the capital, many Uppsala residents work in Stockholm. The train to Stockholm-Arlanda Airport takes 17 minutes, rendering

2491-455: The town was part of the district court for Uppsala City Hall Court and has been part of the Uppsala Court since 1971. Situated on the fertile Uppsala flatlands of muddy soil, the city features the small Fyris River ( Fyrisån ) flowing through the landscape surrounded by lush vegetation. Parallel to the river runs the glacial ridge of Uppsalaåsen at an elevation around 30 m (98 ft),

2544-517: Was only a few days old. Pelle was born in the countryside, but a family from Uppsala adopted him when he was a kitten. Some of the other cats bully Pelle because his embarrassing lack of a tail. In Mean Mike's eyes, Pelle is a bit of a snob and a weakling. In 1949 the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm staged a Children's opera , Pelle Svanslös , with music by Erland von Koch . This production

2597-424: Was recorded on 24 January 1875, when the temperature dropped to −39.5 °C (−39.1 °F). The second-lowest temperature recorded is −33.1 °C (−27.6 °F), which makes the record one of the hardest to beat, due to the fact that temperatures in Uppsala nowadays rarely goes below −30 °C (−22 °F). The difference between the two records is 76.9 °C (138.4 °F). The warmest month ever recorded

2650-472: Was released by SF Studios in January 2020, with the art style largely based on the 1980s films. An asteroid that was discovered in March 1993 is eponymously named 8535 Pellesvanslös . Similarly the asteroids 8534 Knutsson , 8536 Måns , 8537 Billochbull , 8538 Gammelmaja and 8539 Laban were discovered at about the same time. 8534 was named after Gösta Knutsson and asteroids 8535-8539 after various characters in

2703-565: Was subsequently presented each following year until 2001. In 1990 the stage production was filmed and shown by Sveriges Television . It featured Mark Bartholdsson as Pelle Svanslös, Iwa Sörenson as Maja Gräddnos and Magnus Lindén as elaka Måns. The series has been adapted for film multiple times. In 1981 the feature animated film Peter-No-Tail was released, starring Mats Åhlfeldt as Peter and Ernst-Hugo Järegård as Elaka Måns. A sequel, Peter-No-Tail in Americat , followed in 1985, with much of

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2756-438: Was the last year Uppsala recorded a year with an average temperature below 5 °C (41 °F). The climate table below presents weather data from 1981 to 2010. According to ongoing measurements, the temperature has increased during 1981–2010 as compared with the 1951–1980 series. This increase is on an annual basis around 0.9 °C. Warming is most pronounced during the winter and spring. January, February, and March have had

2809-566: Was then called Östra Aros (Eastern Aros, to differentiate it from Western Aros ). (Old) Uppsala was, according to medieval writer Adam of Bremen , the main pagan centre of Sweden, and the Temple at Uppsala contained magnificent idols of the Norse gods . The Kungsängen plains along the river south of Uppsala have been identified as a possible match for Fyrisvellir , the site of the Battle of Fyrisvellir in

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