23-513: Peartree Green is an open space on high ground on the east bank of the River Itchen in Southampton , in the ceremonial county of Hampshire , England. A 16/17th century building, Peartree House , still stands, though is today concealed by private housing. The house and the green take their name from a pear tree that grew near the parish church. Some of the original open space has been built on, but
46-463: A large proportion remains as a recreational area. It contains a church and the remains of a boarding school. It overlooks the River Itchen to St Mary's Church in Southampton . Peartree Green adjoins the districts of Woolston , Bitterne , Sholing and Merryoak within the city of Southampton. It overlooks the River Itchen to St Mary's Church in Southampton . Francis Mylles , M.P. for Winchester from 1588 to 1593, built Peartree House in
69-457: A restaurant, Wharf Mill, Winchester; converted to apartments, St Cross Mill, Winchester; converted to private dwellings, College Mill, Winchester; converted to a private dwelling, Hockley Mill, Winchester; converted to private dwellings, Gaters Mill , Southampton; converted to offices, and Woodmill, Southampton; now a recreational water activities centre and the limit of navigation. Sites of demolished mills include those at Durngate, Winchester; at
92-501: Is one of the few recorded cases of human cannibalism in modern times. The subsequent murder trial R v Dudley and Stephens changed English law by establishing the precedent that necessity is no defence to the charge of murder. Peartree Green was incorporated into the borough of Southampton in 1920. The area has subsequently experienced significant suburban development. The boarding school became an annex to Woolston School ; it has since been converted into residential homes. In 2018
115-629: Is transcribed by early Middle English orthography which used the letter c followed by e or i to denote the / tʃ / sound and an e invariably after an n to avoid those down strokes being ambiguous thus, as Icene in the Domesday Book of 1086. The name, in upper parts was once seen as interchangeable with the tributary Alre . The source is north of Kilmeston , in that civil and ecclesiastical parish. The river flows north, through Cheriton village and east of overwhelmingly agricultural Tichborne village, before joining with tributaries
138-677: The English Reformation . The church was neither the first to be built nor to be consecrated after the Reformation: between 1560 and 1830 most of the existing churches in England were converted and reconsecrated to Anglican worship, and several churches were built quite soon after the reformation, such as St George's Church, Esher , built in 1540, and Old St Leonard's Church, Langho , which was built in 1557; however, when consecrated in September 1620,
161-509: The River Alre and Candover Brook immediately north-west of the town of New Alresford . The river then carves its way west passing the villages of Avington , Itchen Stoke , Itchen Abbas, Martyr Worthy , Easton , and Abbots Worthy ; to enter the cathedral city of Winchester it crosses Winnall Moors to turn south for its remainder. It flows in anabranches through the city, some close enough to Winchester Cathedral to cause problems to
184-795: The Woolston site housing the KS4 students, with the KS3 on the Grove site. The Woolston building was finally closed and handed back to the Southampton City Council in July 2011, and the Grove building finally closed in February 2012 when the new academy building was completed. The Grove building was demolished during March, April and May 2012. Woolston School Language College has now been closed, and all students have been moved to
207-471: The foundations in the past. The main channel flows through Winchester City Mill and to the east of the city's Roman walls , along a promenaded reach known as "The Weirs". Its waters can overflow into water-meadows , passing: the Hospital of St Cross ; the villages of Twyford ; Shawford ; between the town of Eastleigh and the village of Bishopstoke ; and through Itchen Valley Country Park before reaching
230-510: The green was designated a local nature reserve . In July the same year, two hectares of it were damaged by fire after becoming dry due to the heat wave . River Itchen, Hampshire The River Itchen in Hampshire , England, rises to the south of New Alresford and flows 26 miles (42 km) to meet Southampton Water below the Itchen Bridge . The Itchen Navigation was constructed in
253-563: The late 16th century, using stone from Bitterne Manor which had previously been used by the Romans at their settlement at Clausentum . Captain Richard Smith, former governor of Calshot Castle lived at Peartree House from approximately 1617. A small church, now named Peartree Parish Church, was built as Jesus Chapel by Captain Richard Smith in 1618. It was dedicated in 1620. Although it was not part of Southampton at that time, Jesus Chapel served
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#1733084727190276-466: The late 17th and early 18th centuries to enable barges to reach Winchester from Southampton Docks , but ceased to operate in the mid-19th century and is largely abandoned today. The river is one of the world's premier chalk streams for fly fishing , amenable to dry fly or nymphing. The local chalk aquifer has excellent storage and filtration and the river has long been used for drinking water. Watercress thrives in its upper reaches. Much of
299-525: The late 19th Century, the area contained many impressive houses and villas which were home to Southampton's wealthy traders. Itchen Ferry village no longer exists, but it used to adjoin Peartree Green. The graveyard at Jesus Chapel contains a memorial to Richard Parker of the village, who died at sea following the wreck of the yacht Mignonette off South Africa in 1884. Cast adrift without provisions, his companions killed and ate him in order to survive. It
322-514: The latter two, the river passes St Mary's Stadium , the home of Southampton F.C. As the river meets Southampton Water it passes several rowing clubs, sailing clubs and the major mixed-development on the left bank in Woolston, called Centenary Quay . Surviving mills on the Itchen include Winchester City Mill (restored to working order by the National Trust ), Abbey Mill, Winchester; converted to
345-590: The northern suburbs of Southampton at Mansbridge . Between Winchester and Mansbridge, sections were deepened or widened for the long-disused Itchen Navigation , and the former towpath forms part of the Itchen Way . Monks Brook flows into the Itchen at Swaythling , and the river then passes under Woodmill Bridge and becomes tidal. Four further bridges cross it before the Test estuary in Southampton Water : Between
368-493: The parish of St Marys Extra which was used as an overflow for the parish of St Marys in Southampton. Construction of Jesus Chapel saved parishioners from a rough crossing over the Itchen to Southampton or a long journey to the neighbouring churches at Hound , Botley or South Stoneham . The church website makes a claim to being the world's oldest Anglican church, stating that it was the first one to be built and consecrated after
391-637: The quantity and varieties of invertebrates , angiosperms and fish, and chemical status, which compares the concentrations of various chemicals against known safe concentrations. Chemical status is rated good or fail. Water quality of the River Itchen in 2022: Death and the Maiden , a 1947 novel by Gladys Mitchell features the river. Woolston School 50°53′47.94″N 1°22′3.09″W / 50.8966500°N 1.3675250°W / 50.8966500; -1.3675250 Woolston School Language College
414-565: The river and its banks, with fen, flood meadows, wet woodland and swamp. It has populations of the nationally rare southern damselfly and white-clawed crayfish . Other fauna include otters , water voles , Atlantic salmon , shovelers and Cetti's warblers . The Environment Agency measure water quality of the river systems in England. Each is given an overall ecological status, which may be one of five levels: high, good, moderate, poor and bad. There are several components that are used to determine this, including biological status, which looks at
437-486: The river from its source to Swaythling is classified as a 748.5-hectare (1,850-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), and a Special Area of Conservation , of which the 9-hectare (22-acre) Hockley Meadows nature reserve is a part. The Itchen estuary is part of the separate Lee-on-The Solent to Itchen Estuary SSSI. The name is likely from a Brittonic language and in meaning unknown. The settlement of Itchen Abbas , before its abbot's ownership,
460-538: The school closed in July 2008. It merged with Grove Park Business and Enterprise College in September 2008 to become Oasis Academy Mayfield with the Woolston site finally closing in 2011, and the site being handed back to the Southampton City Council . The new building was completed in 2012, with the first academic commencing 20 February 2012. Oasis Community Learning took over the Grove Park Business and Enterprise College building and Woolston buildings, with
483-538: The service, conducted by the Bishop of Winchester, formed the basis for future Church of England consecrations, so the church can lay claim to be the first to use the revised Church of England consecration service. Peartree House was built by 1617, then altered in the late eighteenth century. It was once home to General Shrapnel inventor of the Shrapnel shell . A boarding school was built next to Jesus Chapel in 1857. By
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#1733084727190506-530: The southern entrance to Winnall Moors Nature Reserve, St Catherine's lock, Winchester and Shears Mill in Bishopstoke. The lower part of the river is an important yachting centre and contains several marinas, sailing centres and boatyards. From seaward they are: Above Northam Bridge, the limit of navigation for masted craft, are the Vespasian Road boatyard and numerous small establishments. The SSSI covers
529-415: Was a secondary comprehensive school in Southampton , Hampshire , in southern England . The last Ofsted inspection was on 10 October 2006. The school was a Specialist Language College for students that were 11 to 16 years old. There were around 770 pupils enrolled in the school at the time of closure. As part of Southampton City Council's review of secondary schooling program called Learning Futures,
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