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60-466: Volodymyr ( secular name Vasyl Omelianovych Romaniuk , Ukrainian : Василь Омелянович Романюк ; 9 December 1923 – 14 July 1995) was a Ukrainian Eastern Orthodox priest and human rights activist who was Patriarch of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate from its founding until his death. Prior to becoming patriarch, he had been a prisoner of conscience and one of the leaders of

120-438: A birth certificate (see birth name ), but may change subsequently. Most jurisdictions require the use of a legal name for all legal and administrative purposes, and some jurisdictions permit or require a name change to be recorded at marriage . The legal name may need to be used on various government issued documents (e.g., a court order). The term is also used when an individual changes their name, typically after reaching

180-521: A prisoner of conscience by Amnesty International . In 1979 he became a member of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group , was exiled from 1979 till 1982, and became a political emigrant at the end of the 1980s. On 1 July 1976 Volodymyr renounced his Soviet citizenship. Between 1987 and 1990, Vasyl Romaniuk lived in Canada and was a priest of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada . He also served under

240-415: A certain legal age (usually eighteen or over, though it can be as low as fourteen in several European nations). A person's legal name typically is the same as their personal name , comprising a given name and a surname . The order varies according to culture and country. There are also country-by-country differences on changes of legal names by marriage. (See married name .) Most countries require by law

300-591: A patriarch and I remain a patriarch" On 5 February 2019, the Holy Synod of the OCU appointed Filaret the diocesan bishop of Kyiv, except for the St. Michael's Golden-Domed Monastery . In an interview published by BBC Ukraine on 1 March 2019, Epiphanius explained the situation around Filaret as follows: "We are in a special situation because we united three branches of Ukrainian Orthodoxy . And His Holiness Patriarch Filaret built

360-573: A press conference in which he alleged that undue pressure was exerted at the ROC Synod in Moscow, both directly and through threats made by FSK personnel who, he said, were present at the gathering. Filaret stated that he was retracting his resignation on the grounds that his resignation "would not bring peace to the Church, would contradict the will of the believers, and would be uncanonical." Shortly thereafter,

420-634: A spouse/partner assumes the other spouse/partner's surname upon marriage or civil partnership, or reverts to their original name upon separation, divorce or dissolution of the civil partnership. Only one change of name is allowed in the register where a person has not yet reached the age of 16, and afterwards only one change of forename and three changes of surname may be granted during a person's lifetime, provided that at least five years have passed between changes of surname. Name changes may also be recorded where: Anyone born or adopted in Northern Ireland

480-465: A woman married prior to April 2, 1981 is entitled to use her spouse's name in the exercise of her civil rights, provided that they were doing so at that date. A person's legal name can be changed, upon registration, only under prescribed conditions, and only where the person has been domiciled in Quebec for at least one year. In Germany, names are regulated to a large extent. Apart from possibly adopting

540-433: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Ukrainian biographical article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Secular name A legal name is the name that identifies a person for legal, administrative and other official purposes. A person's legal birth name generally is the name of the person that was given for the purpose of registration of the birth and which then appears on

600-523: Is able to change their name with the General Register Office of Northern Ireland in the following circumstances: A deed poll can also be used in Northern Ireland for this purpose. Most states in the United States follow the common law which permits name changing for non-fraudulent purposes. This is actually the most common method, since most women who marry do not petition a court under

660-507: Is responsible for the internal church life in Ukraine, but in cooperation with the primate. The primate shall do nothing in the church without the consent of the patriarch. The patriarch chairs the meetings of the Holy Synod and the UOC meetings for the sake of preserving unity, its growth, and affirmation." Filaret considers this agreement has not been fulfilled. In March 2014, Filaret publicly opposed

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720-708: Is such a thing as a " legal  " surname, it is easily changed. In the words of A dictionary of American and English law , "Any one may take on himself whatever surname or as many surnames as he pleases, without statutory licence". This does not always seem to have applied to names given in baptism . As noted by Sir Edward Coke in Institutes of the Lawes of England , "a man may have divers names at divers times, but not divers Christian names." But in modern practice all names are freely changeable. Changes of name are usually effected through deed poll , optionally enrolled either at

780-760: The High Court of Justice or at the College of Arms , with a notice recorded in The London Gazette . Changes may also be made by means of a Royal Licence obtained through the College of Arms, with similar notice. These enrolment, licence and notice procedures are useful for having the new name appear in official documents; these procedures are therefore less likely to be useful for trans people or victims of abuse. Scots law allows anyone who wishes to do so to change their forename(s) or surname and such changes may be recorded in

840-671: The Kuchma Ukrainian Government), refused a request from the Kyiv Patriarchate Orthodox Church to bury him on the cathedral's grounds. Kyiv Patriarchate officials, flanked and supported by uniformed paramilitary guards of the UNA-UNSO nationalist movement, broke through the sidewalk asphalt outside the cathedral gates and buried him there. The Berkut riot police came out from the gates of the Cathedral and attacked

900-520: The Kyiv Patriarchate for more than a quarter of a century, and thanks to his work, we succeeded. Moscow has especially emphasized that Patriarch Filaret worked throughout his life for the sake of the koukoulion [i.e. to become Patriarch], that he did not become the Moscow Patriarch, became Patriarch of Kyiv, and would never give up power. We see the opposite, that the patriarch refused, went to

960-545: The Moscow Patriarch . In 1968 Filaret became Metropolitan of Kyiv and Galicia. As late as October 1989, Filaret was still saying, "The Uniates will never be legalized in our country." On May 3, 1990, Patriarch Pimen of Moscow died and, the same day, Filaret became the locum tenens of the Russian Orthodox Church . Filaret was not elected Patriarch of Moscow. Retrospectively, in 2019, Filaret declared "it

1020-701: The Odesa Seminary (Moscow Patriarchate) and the Moscow Theological Academy where he became a close associate of Patriarch Alexius I of Moscow. He took monastic vows in 1950 assuming the monastic name Filaret and was ordained hierodeacon in January 1950 and priest in June 1951. After his graduation he stayed at the Moscow Theological Academy as a professor (from 1952) and Senior Assistant to

1080-769: The Orthodox Church of Ukraine ; the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyiv Patriarchate thus ceased to exist. Mykhailo Denysenko was born on 23 January 1929, into a worker's family in the village of Blahodatne in the Amvrosiivsky Raion ( district ), now in the Donetsk Oblast ( province ) in Eastern Ukraine . His parents were Anton and Melania Denysenko. He obtained his theological education at

1140-634: The Patriarchate of Constantinople reinstated him in church communion. However, while restored to the episcopate, the Ecumenical Patriarchate never recognised him as Patriarch and views him as the former Metropolitan of Kyiv. On 15 December 2018, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyiv Patriarchate united with the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church and some members of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (MP) into

1200-515: The Soviet Union on 24 August 1991, a national sobor of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church was held from November 1–3. At the sobor, the voting delegates, (who included all UOC bishops, clergy and lay delegates from each diocese; a delegate from each monastery and seminary, and recognized lay brotherhood) unanimously passed a resolution stating that henceforth the UOC would operate as an autocephalous church. A separate resolution, also unanimous, affirmed

1260-650: The Ukrainian Helsinki Group . Vasyl Omelianovych Romaniuk was born on 9 December 1923 into a Hutsul family in the village of Khimchyn  [ uk ] , in what was then the Second Polish Republic . During World War II, he studied at Kosiv within the General Government and was a member of the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists operating underground in opposition to the German occupation. Following

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1320-472: The Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the USA , whose Metropolitan was Metropolitan Mstyslav (later Patriarch of Kyiv). In 1990 with the onset of Perestroyka and movement for revival of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church , he returned to Ukraine . In April of 1990 he was tonsured as an archimandrite selecting name of Volodymyr and next day consecrated as Bishop of Uzhhorod and Vynohradiv . His cheirotonia

1380-609: The annexation of Crimea by Russia . On 5 September 2014, amidst the 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine , Filaret held a service to consecrate a memorial cross to the Heavenly Hundred . Filaret declared during his service that in the Orthodox church had appeared "among the rulers of this world [...] a real new Cain" who "calls himself a brother to the Ukrainian people , but in fact according to his deeds [...] really became

1440-443: The unification council . But nobody brought him to the patriarch's seat. Some want to completely eliminate him so that Patriarch Filaret did not exist at all, but that's wrong. He remains a diocesan bishop, and he will continue to work towards the building of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. There is a leader, but he (Filaret) remains honorary Patriarch. He will continue to have his diocese - the city of Kyiv, but will not generally manage

1500-830: The Academy inspector. In 1956 he was appointed Inspector of the Theological Seminary in Saratov and elevated to the rank of hegumen . In 1957 he was appointed Inspector of the Kyiv Theological Seminary. In July 1958 he was further elevated to the rank of Archimandrite and appointed seminary rector . In 1961, Filaret served in the mission of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) to the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria . In January 1962 Filaret

1560-525: The Church of Constantinople" The synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate did indeed recognize, in a July 1992 letter to Patriarch Alexy II , the defrocking of Filaret by the ROC, and the Ecumenical Patriarch recognized the anathemization of Filaret in a letter of April 1997 to Patriarch Alexy II. Filaret was also accused by the ROC of having a wife and three children, but it was "never proved". After

1620-511: The Church." The decision of the Ecumenical Patriarchate also abolished the Moscow Patriarchate's jurisdiction over the diocese of Kyiv and hence all the bishops concerned were viewed by the Ecumenical Patriarchate as being under its jurisdiction. On 20 October 2018, the UOC-KP changed the title of its head, to "His Holiness and Beatitude (name), Archbishop and Metropolitan of Kyiv – Mother of

1680-719: The KGB assigned Filaret as an agent included promoting Soviet positions and candidates in the World Council of Churches (WCC), the Christian Peace Conference (CPC) and other international bodies, and, by the 1980s, backing the Soviet authorities’ attempts to prevent the long-suppressed Ukrainian Catholic Church (disparagingly called ‘Uniates’) from regaining an open existence, and backing state attempts to prevent religious believers demanding their rights as glasnost and perestroika opened up

1740-625: The Kyiv Theological Academy, explains this title this way: "in December [2018], no one wanted to aggravate relationships with Patriarch Philaret, since holding the council and receiving the Tomos were at stake. That is why the council, which took place on December 15 , did not clarify the new status of Patriarch Filaret. After the unification council of the OCU, they stated that Filaret was henceforth "honorary patriarch", but what this phrase meant

1800-531: The Moscow Theological Academy and Seminary. In 1966, he became archbishop of Kyiv and Halych , thus becoming one of the most influential hierarchs in the Russian Orthodox Church, where the office of the Kyiv Metropolitan is highly regarded. At that time he also became a permanent member of the Holy Synod , the highest collegiate body of the Russian Orthodox Church, which has the responsibility of electing

1860-536: The Rus Cities and of Galicia , Patriarch of All Rus-Ukraine , Holy Archimandrite of the Holy Assumption Kyiv-Pechersk and Pochaev Lavras ". The abridged form is "His Holiness (name), Patriarch of Kyiv and All Russia-Ukraine" and the form for interchurch relations "Archbishop, Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Rus'-Ukraine". The fact the full title and the version for interchurch relations mention

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1920-520: The Russian Orthodox Church, unable to prevent the creation of what it viewed as a " schismatic church" in independent Ukraine, helped to organize a rival synod which was held in Kharkiv in May 1992. These bishops elected a bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church, Bishop Volodymyr (Sabodan) , Metropolitan of Kyiv, and received recognition from Moscow as the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) . Filaret

1980-530: The Russian Orthodox priest and Soviet dissident Fr. Gleb Yakunin accused Exarch Filaret of having been an informer for the KGB . Father Gleb stated that he had seen KGB files which listed Exarch Filaret's codename as Antonov . The fact of cooperation with KGB was mentioned by people's deputies of Ukraine on 20 January 1992 when they came out with an official statement. According to internal KGB documents, tasks

2040-650: The Ukrainian Orthodox Church, he will submit a request to be relieved from the position of the Primate of the UOC. Understanding of the position of Metropolitan Filaret, the Council of Bishops expressed to him its gratitude for the long period of labour as Archbishop of the See of Kyiv and blessed him to carry out his episcopal service in another diocese of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church." However, after returning to Kyiv, Filaret recanted his resignation. On 14 April, Metropolitan Filaret held

2100-445: The assembly and fighting with Volodymyr's supporters left about 70 people injured. Although an official inquiry was later made, no prosecutions were made. Many religious faithful later called the event Black Tuesday. Patriarch Volodymyr (Romaniuk) was succeeded by Metropolitan Filaret (Denysenko) who was enthroned as Patriarch of Kyiv and All Rus’ - Ukraine on October 22, 1995. This article about an Eastern Orthodox bishop

2160-589: The church's desire for Metropolitan Filaret to become its Primate. Filaret convened an assembly at the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra in January 1992 that adopted a request of autocephaly for Ukrainians to the Moscow Patriarch. In March–April 1992, the Hierarchical Council of the Russian Orthodox Church met with a single agenda item: to consider the resolution passed by the UOC Sobor four months earlier. Although

2220-556: The death of Patriarch Mstyslav in 1993, the church was headed by Patriarch Volodymyr , and in July 1995, upon the death of Volodymyr, Filaret was elected head of the UOC-KP by a vote of 160–5. Metropolitan Filaret consecrated at least 85 bishops. On 11 October 2018, the Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople announced that Filaret Denisenko, along with the Primate of UAOC , had been "restored to communion with

2280-637: The document asking for it with "Filaret, Patriarch of Kyiv and All Rus-Ukraine" On 20 January 2019, Filaret declared in an interview when asked about his role in the Orthodox Church of Ukraine : "I am a patriarch, I have been and I remain a patriarch. Today, the Head of the Local Church is Metropolitan Epifaniy , but I do not refuse to participate in the development of the Ukrainian Church. I am an unrecognized patriarch for world Orthodoxy , but for Ukraine I am

2340-583: The hierarchs of the UOC-KP decided to dissolve the UOC-KP. This was done because on the same day the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate , and some members of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) were going to merge to form the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (OCU) after a unification council. Filaret was given the title of the "honorary patriarch" Orthodox Church of Ukraine . Volodymyr Burega, Professor and Vice-Rector of

2400-538: The issue itself was not discussed, Filaret was asked to resign. On the second day of the meeting, Metropolitan Filaret agreed to submit his resignation to the UOC Synod, and the ROC Synod passed a resolution which stated: "The Council of Bishops took into account the statement of the Most Reverend Filaret, Metropolitan of Kyiv and of All-Ukraine, that for the sake of church peace, at the next Council of Bishops of

2460-646: The local population in Donbas "must pay for their guilt [in rejecting Kyiv’s authority] through suffering and blood". In March 2020, during a TV interview, Filaret called the COVID-19 pandemic a "divine punishment" for same-sex marriage. He was later sued by Kyiv -based LGBT -rights group InSight for his remarks. Early September 2020, it was announced that Filaret himself had been tested positive for COVID-19 and admitted to hospital. In an interview released in March 2020 to

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2520-513: The name and registered number of the corporate body and its registered address. The requirements apply to sole traders and partnerships, but there are special provisions for large partnerships where listing all partners would be onerous. The information must be shown on any trading premises where the public have access to trade and in documents such as order forms, receipts and, as of January 2007, corporate websites (to be extended later in 2007 to sole trader websites). In strict English law, if there

2580-517: The new Cain , shedding the brotherly blood and entangling the whole world with lies" and that " Satan went into him , as into Judas Iscariot ". The statement was published on the official website of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate in English, Russian and Ukrainian. Publications such as Church Times , Cogwriter , and Ecumenical News identified Filaret's "new Cain" with Russian President Vladimir Putin . Filaret said that

2640-784: The official register held by the National Records of Scotland . Technically the Registrar General makes a correction to the entry. A correction can be recorded where a birth has been registered in Scotland, or where a person is the subject in Scotland of an entry in the Adopted Children Register, the Parental Order Register or the Gender Recognition Register. The above formalities are not necessary where

2700-564: The partner's name upon marriage, German citizens may only change their name for a recognised important reason. Among other reasons, a change of names is permitted when the name can give rise to confusion, ridicule, unusual orthographic difficulties, or stigmatization. In certain situations, children's last names may also be changed to their natural, foster or adoptive parent's last name. Transgender people may change their first names. Foreign names in writing systems that are not based on Latin are transliterated according to rules which may conflict with

2760-409: The patriarch they elected, Patriarch Mstyslav . Filaret was defrocked by the Russian Orthodox Church on 11 July 1992. The UOC-KP was not recognized by other Orthodox churches and was considered schismatic. Filaret was then anathemized by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1997. ROC officials stated that the anathematization of Filaret was "recognized by all the Local Orthodox Churches including

2820-429: The person's technically true name. In 1991, a Swedish couple refused to give their newborn a legal name, in protest of existing naming laws. In 1996, they were fined for not registering a name for their child for five years, after they unsuccessfully tried to register the child's name as Brfxxccxxmnpcccclllmmnprxvclmnckssqlbb11116 , and then as "A". Patriarch Filaret (Mykhailo Denysenko) On 11 October 2018,

2880-406: The recapture of Kosiv by the Red Army , Romaniuk was arrested for his nationalist activities on 12 July 1944. His family was deported to Siberia while he was sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment. He served out his sentence in Poltava Oblast . Romaniuk was again imprisoned during the 1972–1973 Ukrainian purge and sentenced to ten years' imprisonment for anti-Soviet agitation . He was recognised as

2940-428: The registration of a name for newborn children, and some can refuse registration of "undesirable" names. Some people legally change their name to be different from their birth name. Reasons for doing so include: The Civil Code of Quebec states that "Every person exercises his civil rights under the name assigned to him and stated in his act of birth," and spouses retain their legal names upon marriage. However,

3000-457: The sphere of public debate. In 2018, Filaret declared in an interview with Radio Liberty that he, like all bishops under communism , had to have contacts with the KGB. In 2019, he declared every bishop of the Moscow Patriarchate had to have contact with the KGB, even when it came to appoint a bishop. He added that he had been trained by the Politburo and Patriarch Alexy by the KGB. Following Ukraine's declaration of independence from

3060-399: The statutorily prescribed method, but simply use a new name (typically the husband's, a custom which started under the theory of coverture where a woman lost her identity and most rights when she married). Most state courts have held that a legally assumed name (i.e., for a non-fraudulent purpose) is a legal name and usable as their true name, though assumed names are often not considered

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3120-417: The system of transcribing or transliterating names that is used in the country of origin. Former titles of nobility became integrated into the last names in 1919 but continue to be adapted according to gender and other circumstances. In the UK, businesses that trade under names other than those of the owner or a corporate entity must display the name of owner and an address at which documents may be served, or

3180-406: The titles of "archbishop" and "metropolitan" and not the title of "patriarch", but that the abridged form mentioned only the title of "patriarch" has been confusing for some. The Russian Orthodox Church reacted by commenting that this new title was a "farce" and that for them Filaret "was and remains a schismatic". On 15 December 2018, the hierarchs of the UAOC decided to dissolve the UAOC, and

3240-410: The whole church." A conflict erupted between Filaret and Epiphanius because of disagreements concerning the model of governance, the management of the diaspora, the name and the statute of the OCU. According to Filaret, the agreement reached at the unification council was as follows: "the primate is responsible for the external representation of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC), and the patriarch

3300-435: Was carried out by Metropolitan of Lviv and Galicia Ioann (Bodnarchuk) , bishop of Ternopil and Buchach Basil (Bondarchuk), bishop of Ivano-Frankivsk Andrew (Abramchuk), bishop of Chernivtsi Daniel (Kovalchuk). His speedy consecration of bishop was not something special and similar method was widely practiced in the Russian Orthodox Church . For a short period, he was Archbishop of Lviv and Sokal . On 22 October 1993 he

3360-426: Was difficult to understand. Indeed, such status is not stipulated in the Charter of the OCU, adopted on December 15." On 18 December 2018, Filaret's 90th birthday, the 23rd of January 2019, was voted by the Ukrainian parliament as a day of national celebration for the year 2019. On 16 January 2019, Filaret asked to be commemorated before Epiphanius , the primate of the OCU , during Divine Liturgies . He signed

3420-423: Was elected Patriarch of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate . On 14 July 1995 Patriarch Volodymyr suddenly died under somewhat mysterious circumstances, with the official diagnosis being causes related to a heart attack. Volodymyr's burial, on 18 July 1995, turned into a riot. The Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) , which controlled Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv (with support from

3480-404: Was elected vicar Bishop of the Leningrad Eparchy and, in February, was ordained bishop in Leningrad by Metropolitan Pimen (later Moscow Patriarch ) and other bishops. Filaret was appointed to several diplomatic missions of the Russian Orthodox Church and from 1962 to 1964 served as ROC Bishop of Vienna and Austria . In 1964 he returned to Moscow as the Bishop of Dmitrov and rector of

3540-488: Was not by chance that I was not elected. The Lord prepared me for Ukraine" On 27 October 1990, in a ceremony at St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv , the newly elected Patriarch Alexei II handed to Metropolitan Filaret a tomos granting "independence in self government" (the tomos did not use either of the words "autonomy" or " autocephaly ") to Metropolitan Filaret, and enthroned Filaret, heretofore "Metropolitan of Kyiv", as "Metropolitan of Kyiv and All-Ukraine". In 1992,

3600-428: Was suspended on 27 May 1992 by the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) . The bishops loyal to Metropolitan Filaret and a similar group from the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (another recently revived church in Ukraine) organized a unifying sobor which was held on 25 June 1992. The delegates agreed to form a combined church named the Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kyiv Patriarchate (UOC-KP) under

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