Traditional
58-609: Pasni may refer to: Pasni (celebration) - a Nepalese name for Annaprashana , a child weaning ceremony in Hinduism. Pasni (city) - a coastal settlement in Gwadar District, Balochistan, Pakistan. Pasni Tehsil - an administrative subdivision of Gwadar District, headquartered in Pasni city. Pasni Fish Harbour in Pasni city. The Port of Pasni in Pasni city. Topics referred to by
116-419: A Vedic puja, according to Wade Wheelock, is: Indra-Agni, slayers of Vrtra with the beautiful thunderbolt, prosper us with new gifts; O Indra, bring treasures with your right hand; O Agni grant the enjoyments of a good household; Give [us] vigour, wealth in cattle, and possession of good horses. – ÄsvSü The purpose of the requests are to burn the past karmas to be able to experience oneness with
174-429: A deity is present. In both ceremonies, a lamp (Diya) or incense stick may be lit while a prayer is chanted or a hymn is sung. Puja is typically performed by a Hindu worshiper alone, though sometimes in the presence of a priest who is well-versed in complex rituals and hymns. In temples and priest-assisted events puja , food, fruits, and sweets may be included as sacrificial offerings to the ceremony or deity, which, after
232-446: A form of "praise, worship, invocation". The Grhyasutras use puj in the context of rites, as does Sanskrit scholar Pāṇini. However, none of these texts imply puja as a form of devotional prayer worship. According to Natalia Lidova, puja is unlikely to be of Indo-Aryan and Vedic origin because it lacks a Sanskrit root and it also lacks cognate parallels in other Indo-European languages. Its root are probably Dravidian in origin, but
290-460: A house of worship, the temple. J. A. B. van Buitenen states that "puja" emerged from yajna rituals, linking it to the Pravargya Vedic rite. The Rigveda in hymn 8.17 uses the word "Sachipujanayam" (शाचिपूजनायं) in the twelfth verse, where it is an epithet for god Indra in a context of vocative singular "praise". The ancient scholar and Vedic text commentator Sāyana explains the term as
348-523: A means for Hindu communities outside India to gather, socialize, discover new friends and sometimes discuss ways to address social discrimination of Hindus. For example, Marion O'Callaghan reports that the Hindu diaspora brought as indentured laborers to Trinidad by the British colonial government, suffered discriminatory laws that did not recognize traditional Hindu marriages or inheritance rights of children from
406-491: A separate gathering before the larger event. For the rice feeding, babies are dressed in traditional headdress ( topor ) and a specific variety of food is prepared, including kheer and also five different types of fried foods and a fish dish. The kheer is customarily prepared by the baby's mother or grandmother and served in a vessel made of silver. Conch shells are blown and women in attendance will engage in Ululation to mark
464-429: A temple puja , there is often less active participation, with the priest acting on behalf of others. A full home or temple puja can include several traditional upacaras or "attendances". The following is an example puja ; these steps may vary according to region, tradition, setting, or time particularly in ways the deity is hosted. In this example, the deity is invited as a guest, the devotee hosts and takes care of
522-404: A traditional Hindu marriage, nor did the non-Hindu majority government allow pyre cremation or construction of crematorium. These Hindu rituals were considered pagan and uncivilized. Pujas offered a way for Hindus to meet, socially organize and petition their human rights. Over time, pujas became as much a social and community recreational event as a religious event. Although pujā is accepted as
580-584: A valid religious activity by Hindus at large, it has long been criticised by Mīmāṃsā thinkers. The foundational work of this school was the Karmamīmāṃsāsūtra or "Aphorisms for Enquiry into the Act," composed by Jaimini . The earliest surviving commentary was by Śabara who lived around the end of the fourth century. Śabara's commentary, known as Śabarabhāṣya held pride of place in Mīmāṃsā in that Sabara's understanding
638-516: Is a Hindu festival celebrated on the first lunar day of the bright fortnight of the month of Kartika, typically falling on the fourth day of Diwali. During this festival, devotees honor Govardhan Hill and express gratitude to Lord Krishna by preparing and offering a diverse array of vegetarian foods. For followers of Vaishnavism, Govardhan Puja commemorates the event described in the Bhagavata Purana where Lord Krishna lifted Govardhan Hill to shield
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#1732877183332696-417: Is a brief intercessionary puja on behalf of an individual that can be undertaken after the main puja. A quick puja has the same structure as acts people would ordinarily perform for a quick reception, hospitality and affectionate interaction with a beloved guest. First the deity is greeted, acknowledged by name and welcomed, sometimes with a diya or lighted incense stick. The devotee proceeds to connect with
754-464: Is also called macha jankow or pasni . The word annaprāśana is made of two Sanskrit words, anna meaning 'cooked rice' and prāśana meaning 'feeding'. The ceremony of annaprashana is referred to in English as grain initiation or rice-feeding ceremony . The ceremony is a puja followed by the rice feeding. It is arranged in consultation with a priest who selects an auspicious date when
812-420: Is also common for sons to have upper lobe of the right ear pierced with gold ornaments with different beads. Puja (Hinduism) Traditional Puja ( Sanskrit : पूजा , romanized : pūjā ) is a worship ritual performed by Hindus to offer devotional homage and prayer to one or more deities, to host and honour a guest, or to spiritually celebrate an event. It may honour or celebrate
870-550: Is an obligation for Balinese Hindus, the prayers and hymns are derived from the Vedas. A family typically offers prayers every day, with Kewangen and other offerings. Kewangen means aromatic, and it is made from leaves and flowers in form of auspicious Vedic symbols. Balinese use kewangen to worship the divine, both in form of Purusha (soul) and Pradana (body). As with India, Balinese make offerings, including symbolic inclusion of fire, incense and mantras . Pūjā in Hinduism has served as
928-429: Is because symbolically, after breastfeeding the child, she is asking the gods to bless the child who is now entering the world of other regular food. Musicians playing traditional music can be invited to start the function at the given auspicious time. After the baby has eaten, she or he will undergo another extensive puja (worship ceremony) often led by a priest and accompanied by chanting from ancient scriptures. For
986-457: Is called a Darshanam . In Hindu practice, puja is done on a variety of occasions, frequencies, and settings. It may include a daily puja done in the home, or occasional temple ceremonies and annual festivals. In other cases, puja is held to mark a few lifetime events such as the birth of a baby, house entering ceremony or grihapravesh , first rice-eating ceremony or annaprasana , wedding , sacred thread ceremony or upanayana ceremony for
1044-452: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Pasni (celebration) The annaprashana ( Sanskrit : अन्नप्राशन , romanized : annaprāśana ), also known as annaprashana vidhi or annaprashanam , is a Hindu rite of passage ( Saṃskāra ) that marks an infant's first intake of food other than milk. The term annaprashana means 'eating of cooked rice'. In Vedic Hindu culture,
1102-404: Is dressed in a traditional kasavu , placed on an uncle or parent's lap, then blessed with sandal paste, tulsi leaves, and flowers by the temple priest. A banana leaf plate with food, including rice or kheer and banana, is placed in front of the child from which the baby's uncle, father, or grandfather feeds him or her first. It can be tradition for the baby's father to dip a gold ring into each of
1160-500: Is more elaborate than the domestic versions and typically done several times a day. They are also performed by a temple priest, or pujari . In addition, the temple deity (patron god or goddess) is considered a resident rather than a guest, so the puja is modified to reflect that; for example the deity is "awakened" rather than "invoked" in the morning. Temple pujas vary widely from region to region and for different sects, with devotional hymns sung at Vaishnava temples for example. At
1218-409: Is served in one giant (often woven) plate of leaves. The remaining dishes, typically 84, are served around the main dish. The baby is dressed in saffron silk cloth (although modern families will often put a diaper ( nappy ) on, to minimize accidents.) The baby is held by baby's mother while the entire family feed her or him the first taste of rice. It is the mother's right to feed the child first. This
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#17328771833321276-483: The Dravidian languages . Two possible Malayalam roots may be pūSa 'to smear with something' or pūcey "to do with flowers" (from pū 'flower' and cey 'to do'). Tamil roots have also been suggested: pūsai 'to smear with something' or pūcey "to do with flowers" (from pū 'flower' and cey 'to do') or similar Telugu roots pūjēi (from pū 'flower' and cēyi 'to do'). According to
1334-592: The Shiva Purana , puja is derived from cognate of two Sanskrit words puh and jayate , puh meaning 'achievement of fruits of enjoyment' while jayate refers to 'something to be born'. Hence puja refers to the rite by which one attains fruits of enjoyment of things like good ideas and knowledge. According to scholars, one of the earliest mentions of pūjā is in the Grihya Sutras , which provide rules for domestic rites. These sutras, dated to be about 500 BC, use
1392-460: The Smṛti literatures as valid sources of authority), Śabara concluded that the gods are neither corporeal nor sentient and thus unable to enjoy offerings or own property. For this he appealed to empirical observation, noting that offerings do not decrease in size when given to the gods; any decrease is simply due to exposure to the air. Likewise he argued that substances are offered to gods not according to
1450-450: The Brahman through the help of the deity. It is a form of bhakti Yoga whose final result aims to be the consciousness of god through homage to god. Nevertheless, even with this evolved theoretical spiritual significance, many people use puja as vehicle to petition desires and appeals, such as for good health of one's child, speedy recovery from illness, success in venture envisioned or such. In
1508-513: The Brahmins or to begin a new venture. The two main areas where puja is performed are in the home and at temples to mark certain stages of life, events or some festivals such as Durga Puja , Kali Puja , Janmashtami , and Lakshmi Puja . Puja is not mandatory in Hinduism. It may be a routine daily affair for some Hindus, a periodic ritual for some, and rare for other Hindus. In some temples, various pujas may be performed daily at various times of
1566-457: The Hindu goddess Durga and celebrates her victory over the demon Mahishasura . The festival spans ten days, with the last five being the most significant. During this time, elaborate rituals are performed both in homes and public spaces, including the construction of temporary structures called pandals. Durga Puja features scripture recitations, performances, feasting, gift-giving, and public processions known as melā. It holds great significance in
1624-483: The Shaktism tradition of Hinduism and coincides with Navaratri and Dussehra celebrations observed by other Hindu traditions. The festival celebrates not only the triumph of good over evil but also serves as a harvest festival, honoring Durga as the motherly power behind life and creation. Durga Puja involves the worship of various deities, including Lakshmi, Saraswati, Ganesha, and Kartikeya, alongside Durga. It culminates with
1682-417: The annaprashana is an elaborate ceremony called the mukhēbhāt 'rice in the mouth' or mamabhāt 'maternal rice', where the child's maternal uncle or maternal grandfather feeds them rice. This takes place in the maternal uncle's home or maternal grandparents's home or as a grand occasion in a banquet hall, and the religious rites ( puja ) of the ceremony may be conducted by a priest at the same event or as
1740-488: The baby represents a prominent highlight in their future. The baby's elder relatives and elder guests will then take turns to feed the child a small portion of kheer and offering their blessings by placing dhaan (rice seeds) and dubba (grass stalks) on the baby's head. In Malayali culture, the annaprashana is called the cōṟūṇŭ or cōṟūṇal and the ceremony is held in a temple in the child's sixth month. Cōṟu means 'rice' and unnuka means 'to eat'. The baby
1798-647: The child cannot eat rice until the annaprashana has occurred. Importance is given to rice because of its symbolism as a life-sustaining food and a sacred food in the form of kheer . The annaprashana remains an important milestone and the ceremony is celebrated in Bangladesh , Nepal and India . It is also known as mukhēbhāt in West Bengal, cōṟūṇŭ in Kerala, and bhāt khulai in Himachal Pradesh. In Nepal, it
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1856-403: The child is five to eight months old. Bengalis/Telugus believe that odd months are auspicious for baby girls (month 5 or 7) and even months (month 6 or 8) for baby boys. The child is bathed, dressed in ceremonial attire, and placed on the parents lap, as prayers are offered to deities to bless the child with good digestive powers, good speech, and good mental development. This is then followed by
1914-466: The choice left to the Hindu. As a historical practice, pūjā in Hinduism, has been modelled on the idea of hosting a deity, or important person, as an honoured and dearest guest in the best way one can, given one's resources, and receiving their happiness and blessing in return. Paul Thieme suggests from passages in the Rāmāyaṇa that the word pūjā referred to the hospitable reception of guests and that
1972-470: The closest relatives are invited to witness and to celebrate. The rice is the first and easily digestible solid food a baby eats. This custom varies with the variation of religion, caste and also place. Gurung , Magar serve kheer (rice pudding) which is rice cooked with milk and sugar. Similarly, Brahmin and Kshatris also do same. Whereas myriads of dishes are prepared and served in Newar . The main rice dish
2030-400: The day; in other temples, they may be occasional. All significant Indian holidays, including Rakhi , Diwali , Holi , Karva Chauth , Ganesh Chaturthi , Janmashtami , and Navaratri , have rituals known as puja . For example, a chirathu also known as a diya , clarified butter wicks, bells, flowers, incense sticks, cones, roli or kumkum (a red powder with turmeric mixed in applied to
2088-505: The deity are brought together. This ritual puja process, in different parts of India, is considered to be liberating, releasing, purifying and a form of Yoga of spirit and emotions. Puja in Hinduism sometimes involves themes beyond idols or images. Even persons, places, rivers, concrete objects or anything is seen as manifestations of divine reality by some Hindus. The access to the divine is not limited to renunciatory meditation as in yoga school of Hinduism or idols in bhakti school. For some
2146-509: The deity as an honored guest, hymns and food are offered to the deity, after an expression of love and respect the host takes leave and with affection expresses good bye to the deity. Indologist Jan Gonda has identified 16 steps (shodasha upachara) that are common in all varieties of puja: Sometimes additional steps are included: There are variations in this puja method such as: The structure of elaborate puja also varies significantly between temples, regions, and occasions. Archana puja
2204-595: The divine is everywhere, without limit to its form, and a puja to these manifestations signifies the same spiritual meaning to those who choose to offer a prayer to persons, places, rivers, concrete objects or anything else. Durga Puja , also known as Durgotsava or Sharodotsav, is an annual festival celebrated in the Indian subcontinent, particularly in Bengal, Assam, and other eastern Indian states as well as in Bangladesh. It honors
2262-421: The evidence for this alternative hypothesis is also largely missing possibly because devotional worship is not as ancient as Hinduism. Collins states that the roots may be "pu" (flower) and "ge" (make), or a form of "making flower sacrifice". However, this proposal is problematic because "pu" comes from an Indo-European root, while "ge" from Dravidian. Charpentier suggests the origin of the word puja may lie in
2320-500: The feeding of rice in the form of a sweet pudding called kheer that is considered a holy food in Hindu religious ceremonies. Ancient Hindu texts ( Smriti ) provide detailed instructions relating to the performance of this rite of passage ( saṃskāra ) including the type, quality, and quantity, and the cooking process for the solid food that the child should be fed. It is an occasion for celebration, and extended family, friends, and neighbors are invited to attend. In Bengali Hindu culture,
2378-410: The food items and then touch the ring to the baby's tongue. The rice feeding is followed by a lighthearted tulabhara where the weight of the child is taken to ensure it matches the weight of the family's offering to the temple and deities. This ceremony is held at five months for daughters, and six months for sons. An auspicious date and time is chosen by an astrologer, usually a Hindu , and all
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2436-480: The forehead), rice, tilakam, chandanam (sandal sticks), idols, and samagri havanam are some common items utilized in puja. In Hinduism, puja is a sattvik work. Puja varies according to the sect, region, occasion, deity honored, and steps followed. In formal Nigama ceremonies, a fire may be lit in honor of the god Agni , without an idol or image present. In contrast, in Agama ceremonies, an idol or icon or image of
2494-401: The gods welcomed in temple-homes and offered things that pleased them. Copper-plate charters recording grants of lands to temples show that this religious practice was actively encouraged from the mid-4th century. In the earliest texts describing Vedic puja, the significance of puja was to host the priest so that he could make direct requests to the gods. An example petition prayer made during
2552-417: The holiness of the occasion, as the child's maternal uncle or maternal grandfather feeds them. The ceremony is followed by a game, where the baby is offered a banana leaf or silver plate which contains certain objects: a small amount of soil (symbolizing property), a book (symbolizing learning), a pen (symbolizing wisdom), and coins or money (symbolizing wealth). Traditional belief is that the object picked up by
2610-667: The immersion of clay sculptures of the goddess into rivers or water bodies, symbolizing her return to the divine cosmos. In the case of great spiritual masters, there is also a custom to perform puja for a living person especially at Guru Purnima . Gurus are sometimes chosen as objects of puja and honoured as living gods or seen as the embodiment of specific deities. Gurus are sometimes adorned with symbolic clothes, garlands and other ornaments, and celebrated with incense, washing and anointing their feet, giving them fruits, food and drink and meditating at their feet, asking for their blessing. Govardhan Puja , also known as Annakut or Annakoot,
2668-408: The occasion, needs, and personal preferences. In Hinduism of Bali Indonesia, puja is sometimes called Sembahyang . The word originates from two words in old Javanese: sembah and hyang. Sembah means to respect and bow down; Hyang means divine, God or Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa , holy man, and ancestors. So to pray means to respect, bow down, surrender to the divine and ancestors. Sembahyang (puja)
2726-573: The prayers, becomes prasadam – food shared by all gathered. Both Nigama and Agama puja are practised in Hinduism in India. In the Hinduism of Bali , Indonesia, Agama puja is most prevalent inside homes and in temples. Puja is sometimes called Sembahyang in Indonesia. Puja ’पूजा’ in Sanskrit means to "honour, respect; homage, worship, adoration; hospitable reception or showing honour or homage in
2784-476: The presence of special guests, or their memories after they die. The word puja is roughly translated into English as 'reverence, honour, homage, adoration, or worship'. Puja (পুজো / পুজা in bangla), the loving offering of light, flowers, and water or food to the divine, is the essential ritual of Hinduism. For the worshipper, the divine is visible in the image, and the divinity sees the worshipper. The interaction between human and deity, between human and guru ,
2842-448: The rest of the day, the baby is dressed in a special outfit, usually made of red velvet and embroidered with silver and golden thread. The child is offered with gifts, money by close relatives, and gold and silver ornaments by grandparents. These ornaments include heavy silver anklets ( kalli ) carved with dragon at both the ends to keep the bad omens away from baby. These ornaments can be handed on as heirlooms. In some Newari communities, it
2900-446: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Pasni . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pasni&oldid=1254728133 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
2958-436: The spiritual manifestation by meditating (a form of darshan ), or chanting hymns and mantras, then personal prayers follow. After the prayer is finished, the spiritual visitor as the guest is affectionately thanked and greeted goodbye. A quick meditative puja is sometimes offered by some Hindus without an idol or image. According to Chris Fuller , an anthropologist, Hindu texts allow flexibility and abbreviated puja according to
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#17328771833323016-403: The structure and practice of puja, the mantras and rituals focus on spirituality, and any petitions and appeals are tacked only to the end of the puja. Zimmer relates puja to yantras , with the rituals helping the devotee focus on the spiritual concepts. Puja in Hinduism, writes Zimmer, is a path and process of transformation of consciousness, where the devotee and the spiritual significance of
3074-611: The term puja to describe the hospitality to honour priests who were invited to one's home to lead rituals for departed ancestors. As with vedic times, the general concept of puja remained the same, but expanded to welcoming the deity along with the deity's spiritual essence as one's honored guest. The Puranic corpus of literature, dating from about 6th century CE, contain extensive outline on how to perform deity puja ( deva pūjā ). Deity puja thus melds Vedic rites with devotion to deity in its ritual form. As with many others aspects of Hinduism, both Vedic puja and devotional deity puja continued,
3132-526: The things offered to guests could be offered to the gods and their dwellings. The rituals in question were the "five great sacrifices" or pañcamahāyajña recorded in the Gṛhyasūtra texts (for this literature, see Kalpa ). The development of pūjā thus emerged from Vedic domestic traditions and was carried into the temple environment by analogy: just as important guests had long been welcomed in well-to-do homes and offered things that pleased them, so too were
3190-412: The villagers of Vrindavan from heavy rainfall. This act symbolizes divine protection for devotees who wholly rely on God for refuge. To mark this occasion, devotees present a symbolic "mountain of food" representing Govardhan Hill as an offering to God, reaffirming their faith and devotion. Govardhan Puja is widely observed by various Hindu denominations across India and beyond. Temple ( Mandir ) pūjā
3248-405: The wishes of the gods, but that "what is vouched for by direct perception is that the things are used according to the wishes of the temple servants ( pratyakṣāt pramāṇāt devatāparicārakāṇām abhiprāyaḥ ). In the course of his discussion, Śabara's asserted that "there is no relation between the case of guests and the sacrificial act." This incidental remark provided sound historical proof that pūjā
3306-481: Was built on analogy with atithi , the ancient Vedic tradition of welcoming guests. What Śabara was maintaining was that this analogy was not valid. While the Mīmāṃsakas continued to maintain this interpretation for centuries, their defeat in debate at the hands of Śaṅkarācārya led to theirs being a minority view. Mīmāṃsakas flourished even into the 17th century, as evidenced by the commentaries of Nīlakaṇṭha . Puja
3364-532: Was taken as definitive by all later writers. In his chapter entitled Devatādikaraṇa (9: 1: 5: 6–9), Śabara examined the popular understanding of the gods and attempted to refute the belief that they have material bodies, are able to eat the offerings made to them, and are capable of being pleased and so able to reward worshippers. Basing himself on the Vedas (he refused to accept the Mahābhārata , Purāṇa texts or even
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