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107-591: The Parque Marítimo César Manrique is an entertainment complex, designed by architect César Manrique , located in the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife ( Tenerife , Spain ). The park is located in the current area of expansion of the capital of island, close to other buildings such as the Centro Internacional de Ferias y Congresos de Tenerife , the Auditorio de Tenerife , the Palmetum of Santa Cruz de Tenerife and

214-563: A World Heritage Site , and is the second largest in the world. The varied architecture of the city stands out, highlighting the Auditorio de Tenerife ( Auditorium of Tenerife ), which is considered one of the greatest exponents of contemporary architecture . In the panoramic view of the city, the Torres de Santa Cruz ( Santa Cruz Towers ) also stand out, with the tallest twin towers in Spain at 120 meters (390 ft) high. Other outstanding places are

321-563: A Volcano destroyed the port of Garachico in the 18th century. Santa Cruz became the major port on the Island. It first won its independence from La Laguna and, in the 19th century, was awarded the status of Capital of the Province of Canary Islands by King Ferdinand VII . Between 1833 and 1927 Santa Cruz de Tenerife was the sole capital of the Canary Islands. In 1927 a Royal decree ordered that

428-612: A branch of the Centre Pompidou museum of modern art in Paris, was designed by Shigeru Ban , a Japanese architect who won the Pritzker Prize for Architecture in 2014. The roof is the most dramatic feature of the building; it is a 90 m (300 ft) wide hexagon with a surface area of 8,000 m (86,000 sq ft), composed of sixteen kilometers of glued laminated timber , that intersect to form hexagonal wooden units resembling

535-469: A building whose form, resembles a shattered crystal. Libeskind's museums have been both admired and attacked by critics. While admiring many features of the Denver Art Museum, The New York Times ' architecture critic Nicolai Ouroussoff wrote that "In a building of canted walls and asymmetrical rooms—tortured geometries generated purely by formal considerations — it is virtually impossible to enjoy

642-666: A carpet of polished stone, suggests a bomb about to explode. He declared that in its originality it was one of the most important concert halls built in the last 100 years". ranking with the Walt Disney Concert Hall , in Los Angeles, and the Berliner Philharmonie . The interior of the Copenhagen Opera House by Henning Larsen (2005) has an oak floor and maple walls to enhance hat acoustics. The royal box of

749-697: A combined population of over 380,000 inhabitants. Ethnically, the population is mainly of European origin, primarily from the Iberian Península, both Spain and Portugal, with some mix of the island's original inhabitants, the Guanches . There has been some Latin American immigration (especially from Cuba and Venezuela) as well as from both Northern and Sub-Sahara Africa. There are also important historical minorities such as Indians ( Sindhi ), Koreans (see Koreans in Spain ) and, more recently, Russians . The majority of

856-406: A contrast to the austere earlier Modernist structure designed by Edward Larrabee Barnes by adding a five-story tower clad in panels of delicately sculpted gray aluminum, which change color with the changing light, connecting by a wide glass gallery leading to the older building. It also harmonizes with two stone churches opposite. The Polish-born American architect Daniel Libeskind (born 1946)

963-652: A diamond, a symbol of Antwerp's role as the major market of diamonds in Europe. It was one of the last works of Hadid, who died in 2016. The Dr Chau Chak Wing Building is a Business School building of the University of Technology Sydney in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, designed by Frank Gehry and completed in 2015. It is the first building in Australia designed by Gehry. The building's façade, made of 320,000 custom designed bricks,

1070-542: A few exceptions, rarely showed the same freedom of expression as architects of museums, concert halls and other large buildings. The new cathedral for the City of Los Angeles California, was designed in a postmodern style by the Spanish architect Rafael Moneo . The previous cathedral had been serious damaged by an earthquake in 1995; the new building was specially designed to resist similar shocks. The Northern Lights Cathedral , by

1177-463: A glass and steel framework. The exterior "Bird's nest" design was inspired by the pattern of Chinese ceramics. The stadium when completed was the largest enclosed space in the world, and was also the largest steel structure, with 26 kilometers of unwrapped steel. The National Stadium in Kaohsiung , Taiwan by Japanese architect Toyo Ito (2009), is the form of a dragon. Its other distinctive feature

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1284-495: A green living wall of native plants in San Francisco; a free ground-floor gallery with 25-foot (7.6 m) tall glass walls that will place art on view to passersby and glass skylights that flood the upper floors of offices (though not the galleries) with light. The facades clad are with lightweight panels made of Fibre-Reinforced Plastic . The critical reaction to the building was mixed. Roberta Smith of The New York Times said

1391-633: A notable complex of residential apartment buildings in Singapore (2011) and The Ascent at Roebling's Bridge a 22-story apartment building in Covington, Kentucky (2008). The name of the latter is taken from the Roebling Suspension Bridge nearby on the Ohio River , but the structure of the building of luxury condominiums is extremely contemporary, sloping upward like the bridge cables to a peak, with

1498-751: A range of incomes, located on the waterfront of a former industrial port in Denmark. The complex was designed by the Danish firms CEBRA and JDS Architects , French architect Louis Paillard and the Dutch firm SeARCH, and was financed by the Danish pension fund. The buildings are designed so that all the units, even those in the back, have a view of sea. The design and color of the buildings is inspired by icebergs . The buildings are clad in white terrazzo and have balconies made of blue glass. Surprisingly few contemporary churches were built between 2000 and 2017. Church architects, with

1605-552: A sharp edge and leaning slightly outward as the building rises. One cheerful feature of contemporary residential architecture is color; Bernard Tschumi uses colored ceramic tiles on facades as well as unusual forms to make his buildings stand out. One example is the Blue Condominium in New York City (2007). Another contemporary tendency is the conversion of industrial buildings into mixed residential communities. An example

1712-452: A willingness to proceed to a full political union between their municipalities, even though the decision was postponed to a date after the local elections in 2007. As of 2012 the merger is no longer part of the political agenda. The 2007–2008 financial crisis paralyzed the development of the city for more than a decade. In June 2018, the dismantling of the Santa Cruz de Tenerife Refinery

1819-679: A wingspan of 217 feet (66 m) during the day, folding over the tall, arched structure at night or during bad weather. The Walker Art Center in Minneapolis (2005), was designed by the Swiss architects Herzog and de Meuron , who designed the Tate Modern museum in London, and who won the Pritzker Architecture Prize , the most prestigious award in architecture, in 2001. It updates and provides

1926-713: Is 310-meter (1,020-foot) tall. The tallest building in Moscow is the Federation Tower , designed by the Russian architect Sergei Tchoban with Peter Schweger. Completed in 2017, with a height 373 meters, it surpassed Mercury City Tower , another skyscraper in Moscow, when it was built as the tallest building in Europe. The tallest building in China as of 2015 is the Shanghai Tower by the U.S. architectural and design firm of Gensler . It

2033-507: Is 632-meter (2,073-foot) tall, with 127 floors, making it in 2016 the second-tallest building in the world. It also features the fastest elevators, which reach a speed of 20.5 meters per second (67 feet per second; 74 kilometers per hour) . Most skyscrapers are designed to express modernity; the most notable exception is the Abraj Al Bait , a complex of seven skyscraper hotels build by the government of Saudi Arabia to house pilgrims coming

2140-457: Is a city, the capital of the island of Tenerife , Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife , and one of the capitals of the Canary Islands , along with Las Palmas . Santa Cruz has a population of 206,593 (2013) within its administrative limits. The urban zone of Santa Cruz extends beyond the city limits with a population of 507,306 and 538,000 within urban area. It is the second largest city in

2247-529: Is an art museum near Bern, Switzerland, located next to an autoroute in the Swiss countryside. The museum blends into the landscape by taking three rolling hills made of steel and glass. One building houses the gallery (which is almost entirely underground to preserve the fragile drawings of Klee from the effects of sunlight). At the same time, the other two "hills" contain an education center and administrative offices. The Centre Pompidou-Metz , in Metz , France, (2010),

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2354-460: Is in the traditional Nagara style of Indian architecture, while the tower is contemporary, with a glass facade up to the 70th floor. It is scheduled for completion in 2019. When completed, at 700 feet (210 meters) or 70 floors) it will be the tallest religious structure in the world. One of the most unusual contemporary churches is St. Jude's Anglican Cathedral in Iqaluit , the capital of Nunavut ,

2461-497: Is isolated from the sound of the other parts of the building by an "eggshell" of plaster and paper panels and insulation resembling feather pillows. The skyscraper (usually defined as a building over 40 stories high) first appeared in Chicago in the 1890s, and was largely an American style in the mid 20th century, but in the 21st century skyscrapers were found in almost every large city on every continent. A new construction technology,

2568-573: Is located next to the Autopista TF-1, 75 km (47 mi) south of Santa Cruz. There are plans to link this airport to the capital with a railway network. The Intercambiador public transport/mass transit terminal is in the Avenida 3 de Mayo, and is the hub for all TITSA bus lines, the Tenerife Tram service, and is a major car-parking area. The first tram line (opened in 2007) line 1, starts at

2675-465: Is one of the most prolific of contemporary museum architects; He was an academic before he began designing buildings and was one of the early proponents of the architectural theory of Deconstructivism . The exterior of his Imperial War Museum North in Manchester, England (2002), has an exterior which resembles, depending upon the light and time of day, huge and broken pieces of earth or armor plates, and

2782-538: Is relatively minor. Santa Cruz has regenerated many areas of the city and modernised its infrastructure, built brand new areas, malls, high buildings and some charismatic structures, such as Calatrava 's Auditorio or the Congress Hall, César Manrique 's Marina and the not-yet-completed Óscar Domínguez Museum of Modern Art and Culture ( IODACC ) and the new Plaza de España layout, both by Basel -based Pritzker Prize winner studio Herzog & de Meuron . Work to renew

2889-776: Is said to symbolize the destruction of war. In 2006 Libeskind finished the Hamilton Building of the Denver Art Museum in Denver Colorado, composed of twenty sloping planes, none of them parallel or perpendicular, covered with 230,000 square feet of titanium panels. Inside, the walls of the galleries are all different, sloping and asymmetric. Libeskind completed another striking museum, the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto , Ontario, Canada (2007), also known as "The Crystal,"

2996-629: Is stainless steel, formed like the sails of sailboats. The interior is in the Vineyard style , with the audience surrounding the stage. Gehry designed the dramatic array of pipes of the organ to complement the exterior style of the building. The Casa da Musica in Porto , Portugal, by the Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas (2005) is unique among concert halls in having two walls made entirely of glass. Nicolai Ouroussoff, architecture critic from The New York Times , wrote "The building's chiseled concrete form, resting on

3103-519: Is the Gasometer in Vienna, a group of four massive brick gas production towers constructed at the end of the 19th century. They have been transformed into a mixed residential, office and commercial complex, completed between 1999 and 2001. Some residences are located inside the towers, and others are in new buildings attached to them. The upper floors are devoted to housing units the middle floors to offices, and

3210-469: Is the array of solar panels that cover almost all of the exterior, providing most of the energy needed by the complex. Government buildings, once almost universally serious and sober looking, usually in variations of the school of neoclassical architecture , began to appear in more sculptural and even whimsical forms. One of the most dramatic examples was the London City Hall by Norman Foster (2002),

3317-586: Is the gallery of contemporary art located adjacent to the Bois de Boulogne in Paris was opened in October 2014. Gehry described his architecture as inspired by the glass Grand Palais of the 1900 Paris Exposition and by the enormous glass greenhouses of the Jardin des Serres d'Auteuil near the park, built by Jean-Camille Formigé in 1894–95. Gehry had to work within strict height and volume restrictions, which required any part of

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3424-517: Is the hub for the island's motorway network. The 85 km (53 mi) long Autopista TF-1 links the south of the island, including Playa de las Américas and other southern resorts and towns, with its capital. The motorway itself starts near the Auditorio and gives access to Santa Cruz and La Laguna by three different routes. Autopista TF-5 links Santa Cruz with the Puerto de la Cruz , La Orotava and

3531-498: Is the reason for having Santiago's sword cutting the lion's head as a symbol of the British defeat. The seal of Santa Cruz de Tenerife has the characteristic features of the Loyal, Noble, Invicta and very beneficial Town, Port and Plaza de Santa Cruz de Santiago de Tenerife. Curiously, it is not square or shield-shaped, but oval. In a blue background with anchors and castles have a green cross,

3638-607: Is wrapped in 2,874 ETFE -foil air panels that are kept inflated with dry air; each panel can be independently illuminated red, white, or blue. When illuminated, the stadium is visible from the Austrian Alps, fifty miles (80 kilometers) away. Among the most prestigious projects and best-known projects in contemporary architecture are the stadiums for the Olympic Games , whose architects are chosen by highly publicized international competitions. The Beijing National Stadium , built for

3745-597: The Bourbon dynasty , refers to fidelity to the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife in the Royal House of Spain . Contemporary architecture Contemporary buildings and styles vary greatly. Some feature concrete structures wrapped in glass or aluminium screens, very asymmetric facades , and cantilevered sections which hang over the street. Skyscrapers twist, or break into crystal-like facets. Facades are designed to shimmer or change color at different times of day. Whereas

3852-629: The Institute of Classical Architecture & Art (ICAA), the Driehaus Architecture Prize , and the Complementary architecture movement. New traditional architects include Michael Graves , Léon Krier , Yasmeen Lari , Robert Stern and Abdel-Wahed El-Wakil . Most of the landmarks of contemporary architecture are the works of a small group of architects who work on an international scale. Many were designed by architects already famous in

3959-563: The Intercambiador , and ends at La Laguna 's Avenida Trinidad, with a planned extension to Tenerife North Airport A second line between La Cuesta and Tíncer opened in 2009 (connecting with Line 1 at Hospital Universitario and El Cardonal). Cabo-Llanos (south of downtown) is the location of new expansion. This area is undergoing a major building boom which has been nicknamed " Manhattanization ", where tall, modern buildings and street layouts imitate American cities. Santa Cruz de Tenerife has

4066-645: The La Laguna University in Santa Cruz, including the Fine Arts School and the Naval Sciences Faculty. Its harbour is one of Spain's busiest. It is important for commercial and passenger traffic as well as for being a major stopover for cruisers en route from Europe to the Caribbean. The city also has one of the world's largest carnivals . The Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife now aspires to become

4173-732: The London Millennium Tower – a much taller project that Foster earlier had proposed for the same site, which would have been the tallest building in Europe, but was so tall that it interfered with the flight pattern for Heathrow Airport . The steel framework of the Gherkin is integrated into the glass facade. The tallest building in Poland and in the European Union (as of 2023) is Varso in Warsaw , designed by Norman Foster . Completed in 2022, it

4280-682: The Oslo Opera House by Snøhetta (2008), the Harpa concert hall in Reykjavík by Henning Larsen Architects and Olafur Eliasson (2011) as well as the Szczecin Philharmonic by Barozzi Veiga (2014). The Philharmonie de Paris by French architect Jean Nouvel opened in 2015. The concert hall is at La Villette , in a park at the edge of Paris devoted to museums, a music school and other cultural institutions, where its unusual shape blends with

4387-639: The Plaza de España ( Spain Square ), which is the nerve center of the city, and the Parque García Sanabria ( García Sanabria Park ), a large urban park located in the center of the city. Outside the city but in its municipal district, Playa de Las Teresitas ( Las Teresitas ) and a large part of the Macizo de Anaga ( Anaga Massif ) stand out, declared a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 2015. Santa Cruz de Tenerife hosts

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4494-700: The Torres de Santa Cruz . Direct access to the TF-1 motorway southbound and TF-5 northbound . Parque Marítimo César Manrique covers 22,000 square meters and was inaugurated in 1995. The complex features elements of nature, such as volcanic rocks, palm trees and ornamental plants. These are the park's main facilities: 28°27′15″N 16°15′18″W  /  28.45417°N 16.25500°W  / 28.45417; -16.25500 Santa Cruz de Tenerife Santa Cruz de Tenerife ( Spanish: [ˈsanta ˈkɾuθ ðe teneˈɾife] ; locally [ˈsanta ˈkɾus ðe teneˈɾife] ), commonly abbreviated as Santa Cruz ,

4601-487: The altar . Materials used include 60-centimetre (24 in)-diameter cardboard tubes, timber and steel. The roof is of polycarbon , with eight shipping containers forming the walls. "coated with waterproof polyurethane and flame retardants" with two-inch gaps between them so that light can filter inside. The Swiss architects Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron designed the Allianz Arena in Munich, Germany, completed in 2005. It seats 75,000 spectators. The structure

4708-419: The framed tube structure , was first developed in the United States in 1963 by structural engineer Fazlur Rahman Khan of Skimore, Owings and Merrill , which permitted the construction of super-tall buildings, which needed fewer interior walls, had more window space, and could better resist lateral forces, such as strong winds. The Burj Khalifa in Dubai , United Arab Emirates is the tallest structure in

4815-449: The 2008 Games and popularly known as the Bird's Nest because of its intricate exterior framework, was designed by the Swiss firm of Herzog & de Meuron , with Chinese architect Li Xinggang . It was designed to seat 91,000 spectators, and when constructed had a retractable roof, since removed. Like many contemporary buildings, it is actually two structures; a concrete bowl in which the spectators sit, surrounded at distance of fifty feet by

4922-453: The 2016 Pritzker Architecture Prize . The Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Alexandria, Egypt, by the Norwegian firm of Snøhetta (2002), attempts to recreate, in modern form, the famous Alexandria Library of antiquity. The building, by the edge of the Mediterranean, has shelf space for eight million books, and a main reading room covering 20,000 square metres (220,000 sq ft) on eleven cascading levels. plus galleries for expositions and

5029-423: The 80s and 90s of the 20th century, the city experiences a great economic boom. The expansion of the city towards the south begins gaining ground to the Santa Cruz de Tenerife Refinery and creating new residential and urbanizable areas such as Cabo-Llanos . Since then, this area of the city is immersed in a major construction boom that has been nicknamed " Manhattanization ", due to the presence of tall buildings and

5136-431: The Audience of Accounts of the Canary Islands, the Captaincy General of the Canary Islands, the Canarias Ministry of the Presidency (shared on a four-year cycle with Las Palmas ), one half of the Ministries and Boards of the Canarias Government, (the other half being located in Gran Canaria ), the Tenerife Provincial Courts and two courts of the Superior Court of Justice of the Canary Islands. There are several faculties of

5243-451: The Canary Islands Government and Cabildo de Tenerife the metropolitan area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is composed of the municipalities of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, San Cristobal de La Laguna, El Rosario and Tegueste with a population of 404,913 inhabitants in 2008 in the city's 322.13 km (124.38 sq mi) area, giving a population density of 1,156.33/km (2,994.9/sq mi). According to AUDES5 this conurbation also comprises

5350-459: The Canary Islands and the main city on the island of Tenerife , with nearly half of the island's population living in or around it. Santa Cruz is located in the northeast quadrant of Tenerife, 210 kilometres (130 mi) off the north-western coast of Africa within the Atlantic Ocean. The distance to the nearest point of mainland Spain is 1,300 kilometres (810 mi). Between the 1833 territorial division of Spain and 1927, Santa Cruz de Tenerife

5457-406: The Cross (3 May). After the conquest and defeat of the Guanche aborigines, the capital of the island was initially established in the city of San Cristóbal de La Laguna , which was founded in the same year of the conquest of the island in 1496. Later, it became one of the most important ports of the Atlantic, a status it retains to this day. This former fishermen's village rose to prominence after

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5564-511: The Denmark-based international firm of Schmidt, Hammer and Lassen , is located in Alta , Norway , one of northernmost cities in the world. Their other important works include the National Library of Denmark in Copenhagen . The Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir is a Hindu Temple in Vrindivan, in Uttar Pradesh state in India, which was under construction at the end of 2016. The architects are InGenious Studio Pvt. Ltd. of Gurgaon and Quintessence Design Studio of Noida , in India. The entrance

5671-405: The Medal of Charity and the Crown. The crown of laurel and olive trees surrounding the shield is the symbol of victory for the city to each and every one of the attacks. The flag of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is all white with the municipal shield in the center. Granted by Royal Warrant of King Charles IV of 28 August 1803. On a white cloth, coat of arms of the city. The white, the characteristic of

5778-443: The Queen, usually placed in the back, is next to stage. The Schermerhorn Symphony Center in Nashville, Tennessee, by David M. Schwarz & Earl Swensson (2006), is an example of Neo-Classical architecture, borrowed literally from Roman and Greek models. It complements another Nashville landmark, a full-scale replica of the Parthenon . Three concert halls were awarded with the European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture :

5885-406: The Society for Development, Cabildo Insular de Tenerife , and the Government of the Canary Islands . In Santa Cruz de Tenerife have drafted the three provincial newspapers ( Diario de Avisos , La Opinión de Tenerife and El Día ), as well as editors of newspapers regional La Gaceta de Canarias . Also located in the city the headquarters of various TV channels, most of which broadcast on

5992-431: The architects for the building which, in 2020, meant to replace the Burj-Khalifa as the tallest building in the world. The Jeddah Tower in Jeddah , Saudi Arabia, is planned to be 1,008 meters, or (3,307 ft) tall, which will make it the tallest building in the world, and the first building to be more than one kilometer in height. Construction began in 2013, and the project is scheduled to be completed in 2020. After

6099-446: The architecture of their neighborhood, but stand like signature works of their architects. Daniel Libeskind (born 1946), was born in Poland and studied, taught and practiced architecture in the United States. In 2016 he was professor of architecture at UCLA in Los Angeles, He is known as much for his writings as his architecture; he was a founder of the movement called Deconstructivism . Best known for his museums, he also constructed

6206-500: The art." The De Young Museum in San Francisco was designed by the Swiss architects Herzog & de Meuron . It opened in 2005, replacing an older structure that was badly damaged in an earthquake in 1989. The new museum was designed to blend with the park's natural landscape and resist strong earthquakes. The building can move up to three feet (91 centimeters) on ball-bearing sliding plates and viscous fluid dampers that absorb kinetic energy . The Zentrum Paul Klee by Renzo Piano

6313-403: The building over two stories to be made of glass. The building is low because of the height limits, sited in an artificial lake with water cascading beneath the building. The interior gallery structures are covered in a white fiber-reinforced concrete called Ductal. Similar in concept to Gehry's Walt Disney Concert Hall , the building is wrapped in curving glass panels resembling sails inflated by

6420-404: The building set a new standard for museums and wrote: "The new building's rippling, sloping facade, rife with subtle curves and bulges, establishes a brilliant alternative to the straight-edged boxes of traditional modernism and the rebellion against them initiated by Frank Gehry, with his computer-inspired acrobatics." On the other hand, the critic of The Guardian of London compared the facade of

6527-418: The building to "a gigantic meringue with a hint of Ikea." Santiago Calatrava designed the Auditorio de Tenerife he concert hall of Tenerife , the major city of the Canary Islands. with a shell-like wing of reinforced concrete. The shell touches the ground at only two points. The Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles (2003) is one of the major works by California architect Frank Gehry The exterior

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6634-400: The cane-work pattern of a Chinese hat. The roof's geometry is irregular, featuring curves and counter-curves over the entire building, particularly the three exhibition galleries. The entire wooden structure is covered with a white fiberglass membrane, and a coating of teflon protects from direct sunlight and allows light to pass through. The Louis Vuitton Foundation by Frank Gehry (2014)

6741-494: The city. view of the neighborhood. The hall, like the Disney Hall in Los Angeles, has Vineyard style seating, with the audience surrounding the main stage. The seating can be re-arranged in different styles depending upon the type of music performed. When it opened, the architectural critic of the London Guardian compared it to a space ship that had crash-landed on the outskirts of the city. The Elbphilharmonie concert hall in Hamburg , Germany, by Herzog & de Meuron , which

6848-435: The contrast between their style and the historic architecture around them. Most new government buildings attempt to express solidity and seriousness; an exception is the Port Authority ( Havenhuis ) in Antwerp , Belgium by Zaha Hadid (2016), where a ship-like structure of glass and steel on a white concrete perch seems to have landed atop the old port building constructed in 1922. The faceted glass structure also resembles

6955-410: The control of the conqueror Alonso Fernández de Lugo disembarked on the beaches of the present city and founded a military camp that would eventually develop into the city. From this place began the conquest of the island of Tenerife. During the foundation, Alonso Fernández de Lugo placed a large wooden cross in reference to the day of disembarkation, during the Catholic festivity of the Invention of

7062-487: The destruction of the twin towers of the World Trade Center in the September 11 terrorist attacks , a new trade center was designed, with the main tower designed by David Childs of SOM. One World Trade Center , opened in 2015, is 1,776 feet (541 m) tall, making it the tallest building in the western hemisphere. In London, one of the most notable contemporary landmarks is 30 St Mary Axe , popularly known as "The Gherkin", designed by Norman Foster (2004). It replaced

7169-411: The first headquarters of the Center UNESCO in the Canary Islands. In recent years the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife has seen the construction of a significant number of modern structures and the city's skyline is the sixth in height across the country, behind Madrid , Benidorm , Barcelona , Valencia and Bilbao . In 2012, the British newspaper The Guardian included Santa Cruz de Tenerife in

7276-409: The foundation of the city, when a Christian cross was planted in the place that is now the center of town. The area on which now stands the city and the municipality of Santa Cruz de Tenerife has been the subject of human occupation since the time of the Guanches , approximately 2000 years ago, as attested by the archaeological sites found. The area was known to the Guanches, the first inhabitants of

7383-473: The ground floors to entertainment and shopping malls. with sky bridges connecting the shopping mall levels. Each tower was built by a prominent architect the participants were Jean Nouvel , Coop Himmelblau , Manfred Wehldorn and Wilhelm Holzbauer . The historic exterior walls of the towers were preserved. The Isbjerget , Danish for "iceberg", in Aarhus , Denmark (2013), is a group of four buildings with 210 apartments, both rented and owned, for residents with

7490-451: The headquarters of the Greater London Authority . The unusual egg-like building design was intended to reduce the amount of exposed wall and to save energy, though the results have not entirely met expectations. One unusual feature is a helical stairway that spirals from the lobby up to the top of the building. Some new government buildings, such as the Parliament House , Valletta, Malta by Renzo Piano (2015) created controversy because of

7597-418: The highest concentration of shops in the Canary Islands. The economy of Santa Cruz relies mainly on services. Trade, tourism, import-export, the seaport and the presence of the major political and financial institutions, as well as the most important companies, guarantee a strong economic activity and development. The building sector is important, while industry, apart from the oil refinery and food processing,

7704-616: The holy shrine of Mecca . The centerpiece of the group is the Makkah Palace Clock Tower Hotel, with a gothic revival tower; it was the fourth-tallest building in the world in 2016, 581.1 meters (1,906 feet) high. A tendency in contemporary residential architecture, particularly in the rebuilding of older neighborhoods in large cities, is the luxury condominium tower, with very expensive apartments for sale designed by "starchitects", that is, internationally famous architects. These buildings frequently have little relationship with

7811-414: The houses in this area has been recovered by the local hotel as tapas, light dinner and drinks. This street also hosts the headquarters of several murgas , music groups linked to Carnival , and independent organ of Events and Recreation. Avenida de Anaga, also known as Avenida Francisco la Roche in its initial section, is a popular spot for enjoying dinner and drinks, especially along the avenues bordering

7918-470: The island, as Añazo or Añaza . The famous Mummy of San Andrés is one of the most important archaeological remains of the aboriginal past of the region. Besides caves with some remains of mummified animals and stones with engravings ruprestres. This area belonged to the Menceyato de Anaga (aboriginal Guanche kingdom of Anaga), one of nine in which the island was divided. On 3 May 1494 Castilian troops under

8025-451: The island: Spanish Television in the Canary Islands, Television Canaria , Antena 3 TV Canary Islands , Television Day , Canal 7 Atlantic , Channel 4 Tenerife , Channel 8 , etc. Most radio stations are also located in the city. Radio Club Tenerife ( Cadena SER ), RNE , Teide Radio- Onda Cero , Radio Day , Radio ECCA etc.. In the city is the headquarters of the TV Canaria . Due to

8132-661: The late 20th century, including Mario Botta , Frank Gehry , Jean Nouvel , Norman Foster , Ieoh Ming Pei and Renzo Piano , while others are the work of a new generation born during or after World War II, including Zaha Hadid , Santiago Calatrava , Daniel Libeskind , Jacques Herzog , Pierre de Meuron , Rem Koolhaas , and Shigeru Ban . Other projects are the work of collectives of several architects, such as UNStudio and SANAA , or large multinational agencies such as Skidmore, Owings & Merrill , with thirty associate architects and large teams of engineers and designers, and Gensler , with 5,000 employees in 16 countries. Some of

8239-410: The late 20th-century modern architecture . The exterior of the building takes the form of glittering irregular cliff cut by horizontal fins which reveal a ramp leading upwards The exterior is clad in thousands of small pieces of aluminum in three different colors, from white to gray to black. A path leads up the ramp to the top of building to a terrace with a dramatic view of the peripheric highway around

8346-482: The layout of the streets that mimics that of American cities. Santa Cruz inaugurated the 21st century with a great expansionary and commercial boom that is especially manifested in architecture with the construction of emblematic buildings such as the Auditorio de Tenerife , the work of Santiago Calatrava or the remodeling of the Plaza de España according to the design of Swiss architects Herzog & de Meuron . A torrential flood took place on 31st March 2002. This

8453-706: The list of the five best places in the world to live, next to the Cihangir district, in Istanbul ; the district of Sankt Pauli , in Hamburg , the north coast of Maui , in Hawaii and Portland , in Oregon . The 82% of the municipal territory of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is considered a natural area, this is due in large part to the presence of the Anaga Rural Park . This fact makes Santa Cruz

8560-714: The major monuments of modern architecture in the 20th century were mostly concentrated in the United States and western Europe, contemporary architecture is global; important new buildings have been built in China, Russia, Latin America, and particularly in Arab states of the Persian Gulf ; the Burj Khalifa in Dubai was the tallest building in the world in 2019, and the Shanghai Tower in China

8667-732: The man-made Las Teresitas Beach is ongoing under the direction of French architect Dominique Perrault . The city contains many pieces of sculpture, as well as the Exhibition of Outdoor Sculpture in Santa Cruz de Tenerife . Situated along the Ramblas and the Parque Garcia Sanabria, the exhibition contains works by artists such as Henry Moore , Andreu Alfaro , Martin Chirino , Joan Miró and Óscar Domínguez , among others. Santa Cruz has not been characterized by an intense night life, in contrast to

8774-513: The most striking and innovative works of contemporary architecture are art museums, which are often examples of sculptural architecture, and are the signature works of major architects. The Quadracci Pavilion of the Milwaukee Art Museum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, was designed by Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava . Its structure includes a movable, wing-like brise soleil that opens up for

8881-558: The municipalities of Tacoronte and El Sauzal , bringing the total population of the urban population would reach 581.947 (2008). The cities of Santa Cruz and San Cristobal de La Laguna and urban are physically linked, so that together have a population of over 382,331 inhabitants, making them the largest urban area in the Canaries (independent of municipal lines). As the centre of the Tenerife Metropolitan Area, Santa Cruz

8988-577: The nearby city of San Cristóbal de La Laguna , which is the seat of Bishopric of Tenerife , traditionally the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife has had a much more secular character. This fact brought about in the city institutions of deep secular tradition such as the Masonic Temple of Santa Cruz de Tenerife that was one of the largest masonic centers in Spain. According to a study by the National Statistics Institute of Spain (INE), among

9095-528: The nearby university town of La Laguna . Nevertheless, there are several clubs and pubs spread across the city. There are also pubs that have survived without belonging to a particular location for leisure. It has recently gained importance as a leisure street Antonio Dominguez Alfonso (popularly known as Calle La Noria) and adjacent in the vicinity of the Church of the Conception . After several years of neglect, all

9202-459: The northern side of the island, passing right through La Laguna before entering Santa Cruz. The Santa Cruz harbour is one of the busiest in Spain; three quays host regular ferries, fast ferries, cruise ships and merchant ships. Tenerife North Airport , formerly Los Rodeos Airport, is adjacent to Autopista TF-5 on the western outskirts of the city. The mostly tourist Tenerife South Airport , formerly Reina Sofia Airport, ranks 7th in Spain and

9309-646: The northernmost and least populous region of Canada. The church is built in the shape of an igloo , and serves the Inuktitut -speaking population of the region. Another unusual contemporary church is the Cardboard Cathedral in Christchurch , New Zealand designed by Japanese architect Shigeru Ban . It replaced the city's main cathedral, damaged by the 2011 Christchurch earthquake . The cathedral, which seats seven hundred persons, rises 21 metres (69 ft) above

9416-581: The population professes the Catholic religion, but there are also small communities of Hindus and Muslims . In Santa Cruz de Tenerife, crime has decreased in recent years and the city has gained a reputation for tolerance among its inhabitants. In fact, Santa Cruz de Tenerife was the first city of the Canary Islands to display the rainbow flag alongside the flag of the City Council, in June 2008. In comparison with

9523-437: The port. Back in the 1990s, it thrived as the city's nightlife center. However, many establishments closed due to licensing and noise restrictions. Currently, efforts are underway to restore Avenida de Anaga's former glory. Since 2009, the city has implemented various initiatives to revitalize the area. In 2007, an ambitious city revitalization plan named "Santa Cruz + Viva" was launched by the City Council in collaboration with

9630-457: The practical stuff of a working museum must be fitted." The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art is actually two buildings by different architects fit together; an earlier (1995) five-story postmodernist structure by the Swiss architect Mario Botta , to which has been joined a much larger ten-story white gallery by the Norwegian-based firm of Snøhetta (2016). The expanded building includes

9737-524: The rapid population growth and reduction in undeveloped space between the cities, as their suburbs merged, forming a metropolitan area with 420,198 inhabitants (including the nearby municipalities of Tegueste, Candelaria and El Rosario). Regarding this situation, the mayor of Santa Cruz, Miguel Zerolo Aguilar and his La Laguna counterpart, Ana María Oramas Moro, both belonging to the Canarian Coalition , stated several times to local media that they shared

9844-457: The rear of General Francisco Franco 's side. In this context, in 1936 the republican mayor of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, José Carlos Schwartz Hernández , was arrested and murdered. After the war, years of great economic difficulties followed. From 1978, with the new Spanish Constitution and the Statute of Autonomy of the Canary Islands, a new stage began, always with democratically elected mayors. In

9951-470: The sculptural museums of Frank Gehry. The Whitney has an industrial-looking facade and blends into the neighborhood. Michael Kimmelman, the architecture critic of The New York Times called the building a "mishmash of styles" but noted its similarity to Piano's Centre Pompidou in Paris, in the way that it mixed with the public spaces around it. "Unlike so much big-name architecture," Kimmelman wrote, "it's not some weirdly shaped trophy building into which all

10058-533: The status of capital city of the Canary Islands would be shared with Las Palmas in Gran Canaria. This arrangement remains in place today. In 1893 an outbreak of cholera - morbid spread throughout the city and neighboring municipalities. The disease was brought by an Italian ship returning from Brazil . There were 382 dead. Between 1936 and 1939, during the Spanish Civil War , the Canary Islands were in

10165-643: The strategic location of Tenerife on the route between the Mediterranean and the Americas, it was attacked a number of times by the English and the Dutch. In particular, Santa Cruz Bay was the scene of two notable naval engagements involving two of the most famous British admirals . In 1656, Admiral Robert Blake totally destroyed a Spanish silver fleet of 16 ships for the loss of none of his own, despite being under fire from shore batteries and attacking and withdrawing on

10272-507: The symbol of the Foundation Cross, which gave the city its name. Behind the cross is a sword of Santiago in red, reminiscent of the day in which the city of Santiago defeated Horatio Nelson . Under this sword are three lion heads facing right (the shield), which symbolizes the victories over the attacks by Blake, Jennings and Nelson (the Spanish considered the 1657 attack a victory). It has castles, anchors and an island of silver. Also holds

10379-545: The third largest municipality in Spain with the highest percentage of natural territory, after Cuenca (87%) and Cáceres (83%). The area where Santa Cruz currently lies belonged to Menceyato Guanche Anaga , which was the most easterly of the island. The city that is now Santa Cruz had a few names throughout its history: Añazo or Añaza ( Guanche name), Puerto de Santiago Santa Cruz de Tenerife , Santa Cruz de Santiago de Tenerife , and Santa Cruz de Tenerife (current), which means: "holy cross of Tenerife," in memory of

10486-518: The tide. 50 years later, the British under John Jennings were defeated when they attacked the island on 6 November 1706 during the War of the Spanish Succession . In 1797 Admiral Horatio Nelson met with bloody defeat in an attempt to storm the harbour. It was at this battle that Nelson lost his right arm having been hit before he had stepped off the ship's boat. It was on Santiago's day and that

10593-415: The two Canarian capitals, Santa Cruz de Tenerife is the one with the highest life expectancy at 81 years. Just behind Santa Cruz is Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , with 80.9 years. Largest groups of foreign born people in 2018 : The Santa Cruz de Tenerife-La Laguna Metropolitan Area forms the second largest city and metropolitan area of the European Union outside Europe. According to data provided by

10700-477: The wind. The glass "Sails" are made of 3,584 laminated glass panels, each one a different shape, specially curved for its place in the design. Inside the sails is a cluster of two-story towers containing 11 galleries of different sizes, with flower garden terraces, and rooftop spaces for displays. The new Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City by Renzo Piano (2015) took a very different approach from

10807-557: The world , standing at 829.8 m (2,722 ft). Construction of the Burj Khalifa began in 2004, with the exterior completed 5 years later in 2009. The primary structure is reinforced concrete. Burj Khalifa was designed by Adrian Smith , then of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM). He also was lead architect on the Jin Mao Tower , Pearl River Tower , and Trump International Hotel & Tower . Adrian Smith and his own firm are

10914-402: Was announced, which will allow the expansion of the city to the south. Santa Cruz is divided administratively into five districts, which in turn are subdivided into districts, not necessarily consistent with the traditional neighborhoods. In 1990, the population peaked above the 200,000 mark. Santa Cruz de Tenerife and the city of San Cristóbal de La Laguna form a continuous urban area, with

11021-418: Was caused by a phenomenon of cold drop characterized by the repeated fall of torrential rain accompanied by lightning, which affected the metropolitan area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. The flooding caused 8 dead, 12 missing and dozens injured. In recent years, it has become clear that there exists a de facto union with neighbouring city San Cristóbal de La Laguna (141,627 inhabitants as in 2005 census) due to

11128-575: Was described by one critic as the "squashed brown paper bag". Frank Gehry responded, "Maybe it's a brown paper bag, but it's flexible on the inside, there's a lot of room for changes or movement." The Siamese Twins Towers" at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile in Santiago, Chile are by the Chilean architect Alejandro Aravena (born 1967), completed in 2013. Aravena was the winner of

11235-500: Was inaugurated in January 2017, is the tallest inhabited building in the city, with a height of 110 meters (360 feet). The glass concert hall, which has 2100 seats in Vineyard style, is perched atop a former warehouse. One side of the concert hall building contains a hotel, while the structure on the other side above the concert hall contains forty five apartments. The concert hall in the middle

11342-498: Was the second-tallest. Additionally, in the late 20th century, New Classical Architecture , a traditionalist response to modernist architecture, emerged, continuing into the 21st century. The 21st century saw the emergence of multiple organizations dedicated to the promotion of local and/or traditional architecture . Examples include the International Network for Traditional Building, Architecture & Urbanism (INTBAU),

11449-468: Was the sole capital of the Canary Islands, until 1927 when the archipelago was split into the current two provinces. The port is of great importance and is the communications hub between Europe, Africa and Americas, with cruise ships arriving from many nations. The city is the focus for domestic and inter-island communications in the Canary Islands. The city is home to the Parliament of the Canary Islands,

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