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25-599: Pariyar , also spelled Pariar , is a village in Sikandarpur Sarausi block of Unnao district , Uttar Pradesh , India . It is located on the left bank of the Ganges , 23 km northwest of the city of Unnao . Nearby the village is the Mahua lake. Pariyar holds religious significance to Hindus; it is considered to be the place where the goddess Sita was exiled to, and the birthplace of her two sons Lava and Kusha . The village

50-479: A few plover species is clearly related to a strongly male-biased adult sex ratio. Those species with male care and polyandry invariably have adult sex ratios with a large surplus of males, which in some cases can reach as high as six males per female. Male-biased adult sex ratios have also been shown to correlate with cooperative breeding in mammals such as alpine marmots and wild canids . This correlation may also apply to cooperatively breeding birds, though

75-411: A fort and a walled ganj named Daulatganj here. In 1785, 28 villages were taken out of the existing parganas of Sikandarpur and Safipur and made into a new pargana of Pariyar. This Unnao district location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Sikandarpur Sarausi Historically, there was a pargana of Sarosi, which was created during the reign of Akbar in

100-513: Is 7,363, in 1,355 households. According to legend, Pariyar is the place where Lakshmana accompanied Sita during her banishment at the behest of his brother (and her husband) Rama . The place (which was then covered by forest) then became known as "Parhar", from the Sanskrit word meaning "to turn out" or "let go" — or, in this case, divorce. Tradition also holds that Sita gave birth to her sons Lava and Kusha here; they were trained in archery by

125-411: Is a field of academic study which seeks to understand the sex ratios observed in nature from an evolutionary perspective. It continues to be heavily influenced by the work of Eric Charnov . He defines five major questions, both for his book and the field in general (slightly abbreviated here): Biological research mostly concerns itself with sex allocation rather than sex ratio, sex allocation denoting

150-590: Is higher among men and boys (70.0%) than among women and girls (52.6%). Among Scheduled Castes, the literacy rate is 55.2% — 63.6% among men and boys, and 45.7% among women and girls. The 17.8% gender literacy gap among this group is the lowest among the blocks in Unnao district. In terms of employment, 24.9% of Sikandarpur Sarausi block residents were classified as main workers (i.e. people employed for at least 6 months per year) in 2011. Marginal workers (i.e. people employed for less than 6 months per year) made up 11.2%, and

175-453: Is known for holding a major fair during the month of Kartika , on the day of the full moon , which is attended by over 100,000 people. Historically, Pariyar was the seat of a pargana since 1785, and under the Nawabs of Awadh it was the seat of a tehsildar . Today, it is the headquarters of a nyaya panchayat . Pariyar is connected by road with Mohan and Rasulabad . As of 2011, its population

200-460: Is of particular interest to anthropologists and demographers. In human societies, sex ratios at birth may be considerably skewed by factors such as the age of mother at birth and by sex-selective abortion and infanticide . Exposure to pesticides and other environmental contaminants may be a significant contributing factor as well. As of 2024, the global sex ratio at birth is estimated at 107 boys to 100 girls (1,000 boys per 934 girls). By old age,

225-404: The 1500s. The pargana was later renamed Sikandarpur after another one of its main villages; C.A. Elliott wrote in 1862 that the name change had "recently become habitual" then. The present block was inaugurated on 1 October 1961 in order to oversee implementation of India's Five-Year Plans at a local and rural level. It was one of two blocks in the district (the other being Safipur ) that

250-546: The 1:1 ratio is the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS). This ratio has been observed in many species, including the bee Macrotera portalis . A study performed by Danforth observed no significant difference in the number of males and females from the 1:1 sex ratio. Spending equal amounts of resources to produce offspring of either sex is an evolutionarily stable strategy : if the general population deviates from this equilibrium by favoring one sex, one can obtain higher reproductive success with less effort by producing more of

275-429: The allocation of energy to either sex. Common research themes are the effects of local mate and resource competition (often abbreviated LMC and LRC, respectively). Fisher's principle (1930) explains why in most species, the sex ratio is approximately 1:1. His argument was summarised by W. D. Hamilton (1967) as follows, assuming that parents invest the same whether raising male or female offspring: In modern language,

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300-444: The block's population is in the 0-6 age group as of 2011. The sex ratio of this group is 931, which is higher than the rural average of 923 for Unnao district. Members of Scheduled Castes make up 26.5% of the block's population, the lowest proportion among the district's 16 CD blocks, and members of Scheduled Tribes make up 0.02%. The literacy rate of Sikandarpur Sarausi block is 61.9% (counting only people age 7 and up); literacy

325-544: The evidence is less clear. It is known, however, that both male-biased adult sex ratios and cooperative breeding tend to evolve where caring for offspring is extremely difficult due to low secondary productivity, as in Australia and Southern Africa . It is also known that in cooperative breeders where both sexes are philopatric like the varied sittella , adult sex ratios are equally or more male-biased than in those cooperative species, such as fairy-wrens , treecreepers and

350-413: The male fish dies, the strongest female changes its sex to become the male for the group. All of these wrasses are born female, and only become male in this situation. Other species, like clownfish, do this in reverse, where all start out as non-reproductive males, and the largest male becomes a female, with the second-largest male maturing to become reproductive. Traditionally, farmers have discovered that

375-434: The most economically efficient community of animals will have a large number of females and a very small number of males. A herd of cows with a few bulls or a flock of hens with one rooster are the most economical sex ratios for domesticated livestock. It was found that the amount of fertilizing pollen can influence secondary sex ratio in dioecious plants. Increase in pollen amount leads to decrease in number of male plants in

400-829: The other. For species where the cost of successfully raising one offspring is roughly the same regardless of its sex, this translates to an approximately equal sex ratio. Bacteria of the genus Wolbachia cause skewed sex ratios in some arthropod species as they kill males. Sex-ratio of adult populations of pelagic copepods is usually skewed towards dominance of females. However, there are differences in adult sex ratios between families: in families in which females require multiple matings to keep producing eggs, sex ratios are less biased (close to 1); in families in which females can produce eggs continuously after only one mating, sex ratios are strongly skewed towards females. Several species of reptiles have temperature-dependent sex determination , where incubation temperature of eggs determines

425-440: The progeny. This relationship was confirmed on four plant species from three families – Rumex acetosa ( Polygonaceae ), Melandrium album (Caryophyllaceae), Cannabis sativa and Humulus japonicus ( Cannabinaceae ). In charadriiform birds, recent research has shown clearly that polyandry and sex-role reversal (where males care and females compete for mates) as found in phalaropes , jacanas , painted snipe and

450-606: The remaining 27.5% were other workers. Sikandarpur Sarausi CD block has the following 96 villages: Sex ratio A sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population . As explained by Fisher's principle , for evolutionary reasons this is typically about 1:1 in species which reproduce sexually . However, many species deviate from an even sex ratio, either periodically or permanently. Examples include parthenogenic and androgenetic species, periodically mating organisms such as aphids, some eusocial wasps , bees , ants , and termites . The human sex ratio

475-582: The remaining 63.9% were non-workers. Employment status varied significantly according to gender, with 52.9% of men being either main or marginal workers, compared to only 17.0% of women. Agriculture is the predominant source of employment in Sikandarpur Sarausi block: 36.6% of the block's workers were cultivators who owned or leased their own land as of 2011, and a further 32.1% were agricultural labourers who worked someone else's land for wages. Another 3.8% were counted as household industry workers, and

500-461: The sage Valmiki and grew up to become formidable warriors. At one point Rama performed the Ashvamedha horse sacrifice by setting the horse Shyambaran loose to wander the countryside and announcing that whoever caught the horse would in doing so be declaring war on him. Lava and Kusha themselves caught the horse at Pariyar, thus leading to a war between Rama and his own sons, whom he did not know. In

525-480: The sex of the individual. In the American alligator , for example, females are hatched from eggs incubated between 27.7 to 30 °C (81.9 to 86.0 °F), whereas males are hatched from eggs 32.2 to 33.8 °C (90.0 to 92.8 °F). In this method, however, all eggs in a clutch (20–50) will be of the same sex. In fact, the natural sex ratio of this species is five females to one male. In birds, mothers can influence

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550-414: The sex of their chicks. In peafowl , maternal body condition can influence the proportion of daughters in the range from 25% to 87%. Dichogamy (sequential hermaphroditism) is normal in several groups of fish, such as wrasses , parrotfish and clownfish . This can cause a discrepancy in the sex ratios as well. In the bluestreak cleaner wrasse , there is only one male for every group of 6-8 females. If

575-405: The sex ratio reverses, with 81 older men for every 100 older women; across all ages, the global population is nearly balanced, with 101 males for every 100 females. In most species, the sex ratio varies according to the age profile of the population. It is generally divided into four subdivisions: These definitions can be somewhat subjective since they lack clear boundaries. Sex ratio theory

600-602: The temple of Someshwar Mahadeo, there are many arrowheads on display which were supposedly used during this fight; more are sometimes uncovered in the bed of the Ganges. In 1187, the Dikhit thakur Himanchal Singh is said to have conquered Pariyar from the Lunias , who had been the original zamindars of the place. Under the Nawabs of Awadh , Pariyar was the seat of a tehsildar . At the time of Miyan Almas Ali Khan , one Rup Singh Bachhil built

625-441: Was selected for implementation of the applied nutrition programme . Sikandarpur, the old pargana's namesake, was chosen as the block headquarters. As of 2011, Sikandarpur Sarausi CD block has a population of 185,779 people, in 36,202 households. This population includes 98,687 males and 87,092 females. The corresponding sex ratio of 883 females to every 1000 males is lower than the district rural average of 906. About 14.4% of

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