Misplaced Pages

Pandora (service)

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
#307692

76-608: Next Big Sound (as of November 1, 2021) Adswizz (as of May 29, 2018) Pandora is a subscription-based music streaming service owned by the broadcasting corporation Sirius XM that is presently based in Oakland, California inside of the United States . The service carries a focus on recommendations based on the " Music Genome Project ", which is a means of classifying individual songs by musical traits such as genres and shared instrumentation . The service originally launched in

152-653: A $ 0.99 fee (separate from the Pandora One subscription, which is ad-free) to receive unlimited listening for the remainder of the month With an update to the Pandora player in September 2011, the 40 hour cap was extended to 320 hours. On November 22, 2011, Pandora reported its Q3 earnings. Royalty costs accounted for 50% of revenue, slightly better than expected. Its revenue, most of it from advertising, continued to rise at respectable rates. Not only has Pandora attracted more users but

228-415: A flat monthly fee. High variable costs mean that Pandora does not have significant operating leverage , and in the next couple years might actually have negative operating leverage due to an unfavorable shift in product mix towards mobile. Pandora is currently estimated to monetize mobile hours at roughly one-ninth the rate of desktop hours. Since Pandora pays the same licensing cost per hour irrespective of

304-540: A free service. Then, in December 2005 Pandora sold its first advertisement. In 2015, Pandora began playing more advertisements per hour in certain geographies and demographics. Pandora normally plays no more than six advertisements per hour for free users. Pandora became fairly popular within just two years. Starting from 2010 to 2012 Pandora's registered users had increased from 45 million to 125 million. The company's revenue increased from $ 55 million to $ 274 million, in which

380-550: A growing licensing department in pursuit of direct licenses with labels and publishers. In March 2018, Pandora announced it would acquire digital audio ad technology firm AdsWizz for $ 145 million. In February 2019, Sirius XM acquired Pandora for $ 3.5 billion in stock. In July 2020, Sirius XM acquired the Stitcher company for $ 325 million. Following the acquisition, Sirius XM integrated Stitcher's exclusive podcasts into its additional music and podcast listening service, Pandora. At

456-431: A key performance indicator (KPI), managing and predicting future success, in measuring the growth and current volume of users visiting and consuming the site. The ratio of DAU and MAU offers a rudimentary method to estimate customer engagement and retention rate over time. A higher ratio represents a larger retention probability, which often indicates success of a product. Ratios of 0.15 and above are believed to be

532-517: A majority of it from advertising. In order to appeal to a large audience of consumers, Pandora offers ad-free access for $ 36 a year. During its 2011 fiscal year, Pandora reported $ 138 million in revenue with a $ 1.8 million net loss, excluding the cost of a special dividend associated with the IPO. Overall, Pandora has a 78% of Internet radio and a 9.3% share of the U.S. public radio. Finally, in 2013 industry-wide total radio ad revenue increased to $ 17.6 billion in

608-486: A minimum of 25% of total revenue or rates per-song per-listener, whichever is higher. Pandora described the new rates as being "a middle ground that, while perhaps not meeting all of our aspirations, still represents a thoughtful and reasoned outcome under the circumstances." Due to the new rates still being relatively high in comparison to terrestrial radio, Pandora announced that ad-supported service would be limited to 40 hours per-month, and that users would be required to pay

684-559: A more strategic approach in managing investor relations and corporate communications , ensuring investor's and analyst's needs are jointly met. The active user metric can be particularly useful in behavioural analytics and predictive analytics . The active user metric in the context of predictive analytics can be applied in a variety of fields including actuarial science , marketing , finance services , healthcare , online-gaming , and social networking . Lewis, Wyatt, and Jeremy (2015), for example, have used this metric conducted

760-757: A multiyear deal with Marvel to launch a series of superhero-based podcasts in 2020. On June 11, 2013, Pandora announced it would purchase FM radio station KXMZ in Rapid City, South Dakota . On October 7, 2015, Pandora announced it had acquired independent ticketing agency Ticketfly for $ 450 million, which it subsequently sold to Eventbrite for $ 200 million on June 9, 2017. In November 2015, streaming music service Rdio , founded by Skype co-founders Janus Friis and Niklas Zennström , declared bankruptcy and sold its assets to Pandora for $ 75 million. Pandora retained 100 Rdio employees, including Iain Morris and Rich Masio, who joined

836-535: A negative correlation . For instance, Snap Inc.'s gains in daily active users (DAU) have stabilised or decreased during the COVID-19 Pandemic , revenue still exceeded estimates, with strong similar strong trends in the current period. Greater number active users boost the number of visits on particular sites. With more traffic, more advertisers will be attracted, contributing to revenue generation . In 2014, 88% of corporation 's purpose of social media usage

SECTION 10

#1732905206308

912-696: A pre-determined timeframe, may increase an individual's social presence . Social presence can be defined as the degree to which a social-networking communications medium allows an individual to feel present with others. Moon and Kim's (2001) research results found that individual's enjoyment of web systems have positive impacts on their perceptions on the system, and thus would form "high behaviour intention to use it". Munnukka (2007) have found strong correlations between positive previous experience of related types of communications and adoption of new mobile site communication services . However, there are also cases where active users and revenue seemed to have

988-599: A radio station in Rapid City, South Dakota, under the presumption that doing so would allow it to access the same preferential licensing terms offered to services such as iHeartRadio (which is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. , itself America's largest radio broadcaster). The move was criticized by David Israelite, CEO of the National Music Publishers Association , who declared that Pandora was now "at war with songwriters," and had lost its credibility because it

1064-468: A research in the fields of healthcare to study quality and impacts of a mobile application and predicted usage limits of these applications. Active users can also be used in studies that addresses the issue of mental health problems that could cost the global economy $ 16 Trillion U.S. Dollars by 2030, if there is a lack of resource allocated for mental health . Through web-behavioural analysis, Chuenphitthayavut, Zihuang, and Zhu (2020) discovered that

1140-522: A set of economic performance indicators found that there is a lack of extensive disclosures and a material variability between disclosure practices based on industries and sizes. In 2008, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission took a cautious approach in revising their public disclosure guidance for social media companies and claim the information to be " supplemental rather than sufficient by themselves". Alexander, Raquel, Gendry and James (2014) recommended that executives and managers should take

1216-444: A tipping point for growth while sustained ratios of 0.2 and above mark lasting success. Chen, Lu, Chau, and Gupta (2014) argues that greater numbers of users ( early adopters ) will lead to greater user-generated content , such as posts of photos and videos, that "promotes and propagates" social media acceptance, contributing to social-networking-site growth. The growth of social media use, characterised as increase of active users in

1292-427: A use of machine learning and manual curation, including filtering out low-quality content such as "knock-off covers" and karaoke tracks. In October 2019, Pandora added full song credits to their app, displaying the data on who contributed to which song. Initially, users with free accounts could listen to 40 hours of music a month, and could pay $ 0.99 per month for unlimited streaming. In September 2011, Pandora removed

1368-594: Is advertising . Active Users increase allows social-networking sites to build and follow more customer profiles, that is based on customer's needs and consumption patterns. Active user data can be used to determine high traffic periods and create behavior models of users to be used for targeted advertising. The increase of customer profiles, due to increase of active users, ensures a more relevant personalised and customised advertisements. Bleier and Eisenbeiss (2015) found that more personalised and relevant advertisements increase " view-through responses" and strengthen

1444-677: Is a software performance metric that is commonly used to measure the level of engagement for a particular software product or object, by quantifying the number of active interactions from users or visitors within a relevant range of time (daily, weekly and monthly). The metric has many uses in software management such as in social networking services , online games , or mobile apps , in web analytics such as in web apps , in commerce such as in online banking and in academia , such as in user behavior analytics and predictive analytics. Although having extensive uses in digital behavioural learning, prediction and reporting, it also has impacts on

1520-607: Is available in a free advertising-supported service, and a subscription-based tier known as "Pandora Plus" (rebranded from "Pandora One" in September 2015), which also features offline playback support using a prediction mechanism, and more skips and replays. In March 2017, a third tier known as "Pandora Premium" was launched, which allows users to listen to and create playlists of individual songs on-demand (making it more in line with competing services such as Apple Music and Spotify ). The recommendation engine can also be used to generate playlists of similar songs. Pandora also emphasized

1596-456: Is being spread and disseminated in short spans of time between networks of investors, journalists, and other intermediaries and stakeholders. Investment blogs aggregator, like Seeking Alpha , has become significant for professional financial analysts , who give recommendations on buying and selling stocks. Studies by Frieder and Zittrain (2007) have raised new concerns about how digital communications technologies information reporting have

SECTION 20

#1732905206308

1672-406: Is beyond "clicking blocks or supplying signature", as participants could have feel pressured in to joining the research, without researcher's awareness of the situation. There is yet to be a universally accepted form of industry standards and norms in terms of data-privacy, confidentiality and integrity, a critical ethics consideration, but there has been attempts to design a process to oversee

1748-505: Is determined based on CPMs (cost per thousand impressions). CPMs are largely dependent upon network effects and thus increase as a website scales and adds users. As such, Pandora's strategy in order to allow for widespread distribution was to offer a service unbundled from devices and transport. Pandora also works with system-on-chip manufacturers to embed its technologies on the chips they sell to consumer electronics manufacturers like Panasonic , Samsung , and Sony . Pandora's cost structure

1824-576: Is highly variable, with content acquisition costs representing roughly 50% of total costs. There are three main costs associated with content acquisition. First, SoundExchange collects content fees on behalf of labels or artists on the recording themselves. These are by far the largest content acquisition costs. Second, Pandora pays licensing fees to agencies such as BMI , ASCAP , or SESAC in order to compensate composers, songwriters and publishers. Lastly, Pandora also pays TiVo Corporation for song and artist information; this has recently been structured as

1900-410: Is illegal payment for airplay on terrestrial radio. In 2013, Entertainment Weekly compared a number of music services and granted Pandora a "B−", writing, "Free streaming radio, $ 36 a year for ad-free. Launched in 2005, Pandora is available on just about every platform. There's no on-demand, though, and stations tend to draw from a relatively small pool of albums." As of March 2014, the annual option

1976-537: Is limited in examining pre- adoption and post-adoption behaviours of users. Users commitment to a particular online product may also depend on trust and the alternatives quality. Pre- adoption behaviour's effects on post-adoption behaviour, that is predicted by past research has suggested, is found to have associations with factors such as habit, gender and some other socio-cultural demographics . Buchanan and Gillies (1990) and Reichheld and Schefter (2000) argues that post-adoption behaviours and continuous usage

2052-437: Is one of the crucial metric that measures the success of the product. Trueman, Wong, and Zhang (2000) have found that in most cases unique visitors and pageviews as a measurement of web-usage accounts for changes in stock prices, and net income in internet companies. Lazer, Lev and Livnat (2001) found that more popular website generated greater stock returns, in their research analysis of traffic data of internet companies through

2128-707: Is quite useful in behaviour prediction and churn rates of online games. For example, active user's features such "active Duration" and "play count" can have inverse correlations with churn rates, with "shorter play times and lower play count" associated with higher churn rates. Jia et Al. (2015) showed that there are social structures that transpire or emerge and centred around highly active players, with structural similarity between multiplayer online-games , such as StarCraft II and Dota . The Active Users metric can be used to predict one's personality traits , which can be classified and grouped into categories. These categories have accuracy that ranges from 84%–92%. Based on

2204-658: The Australian Accounting Standards Board , which is part of the Corporations Act 2001 . In social media company's context, there is also reporting of non-financial information, such as the number of users (active users). Examples may include: Alternative methods of reporting these metrics are through social networks and the web, which have become important part of firm's "information environment" to report financial and non-financial information, according to Frankel (2004), whereby firm relevant information

2280-619: The New York Stock Exchange . At the time, Pandora had 800,000 tracks from 80,000 artists in its library and 80 million users. As of end of mid-year 2018, Pandora had 71.4 million active users. On March 7, 2013, Pandora chairman and chief executive officer Joseph J. Kennedy announced that he would leave the company after nine years. In April 2013, Pandora announced that its radio streaming service had 200 million users, including 70 million monthly active users . By December 2013, Pandora accounted for 70% of all internet radio listening in

2356-508: The Pebble smartwatch platform was also available before that platform was discontinued. Integrations have also been offered with smart speakers . Support for voice control was added to the mobile apps in January 2019. In the three months that ended October 31, 2011, advertising comprised 88% of Pandora's total revenues; that was reported as 80% in December 2013. RPM (revenue per thousands of hours)

Pandora (service) - Misplaced Pages Continue

2432-602: The Today's Country station and that country music had accounted for more than 1.7 billion listening hours on the platform in 2016. On July 31, 2017, Pandora discontinued services in Australia and New Zealand, citing a need to focus solely on the U.S. market. In September 2017, Roger Lynch became CEO and stated that he wanted to expand the service's focus on podcasts , with similar discovery features to those for music as well as new monetization options. In January 2019, Lynch's departure

2508-726: The effectiveness of "the advertised banner " significantly. DeZoysa (2002) found that consumers are more likely to open and responsive on personalised advertisements that are relevant to them. The Financial Accounting Standard Board defines that objective of financial reporting is provide relevant and material financial information to financial statement users to allow for decision making and ensure an efficient economic |resource allocation. All reporting entities, primarily publicly listed companies and large private companies are required by law to adhere to disclosure and accounting standards requirements. For example, in Australia, companies are required to comply with accounting standards set by

2584-482: The research participants . A large number of researches is based on individualised data, that encompass users online identity (their clicks, readings, movements) and contents consumed and with data-analytics produced inferences about their preferences , social relationships , and movement or work habits. In some cases, individuals may greatly benefit, but in others they can be harmed. Afolabi and García-Basteiro (2017) believed that informed consent to research studies

2660-416: The terms and conditions Ethical considerations need to be considered in terms of participative consent, data confidentiality-privacy-integrity , and disciplinary-industry-professional norms and accepted standards in cloud computing and big data research. Boehlefeld (1996) noted that researchers usually refer to ethical principals in their respective disciplines, as they seek guidance and recommended

2736-666: The 40-hour listening limit. This 40-hour limit on free listening was re-introduced in March 2013 for mobile devices. However, this limit was removed once more in September of the same year. In September 2016, a rewind function was introduced allowing users to replay a song. The updated streaming service also allowed users to skip an unidentified number of additional songs per hour if they opted to watch an ad. Previous to that, users were only able to skip six songs in an hour. Pandora apps are available for Android and iOS. Apps are also available for Apple Watch and Wear OS smartwatches . An app for

2812-602: The FCC. The organization argued that the acquisition was not in the public interest because of Pandora's intent to use it as a "bargaining chip" for royalty payments. ASCAP also alleged that Pandora did not provide enough information about its ownership structure, failing to prove that less than 25% of the company was owned by foreign interests. On January 14, 2014, the FCC denied the acquisition until Pandora "demonstrate[s] adequate support for its foreign ownership compliance certification." The FCC relented in 2015 and allowed Pandora to acquire

2888-575: The Music Genome Project as a personalization system. After a beta period, Pandora officially launched in September 2005. Upon its launch, it was a subscription-based service, but added a free, ad-supported version in November after Westergren realized users were abusing its 10-hour free trial by making new e-mail addresses. Advertising could also be targeted based on the current song. In 2011, Pandora went public via an initial public offering on

2964-481: The SEC for a $ 100mm IPO on February 11, 2011, and officially began trading on the New York Stock Exchange with ticker symbol "P" on June 15, 2011, at a price of $ 16/share. This gave them a valuation of nearly $ 2.6 billion. Pandora announced $ 80.8 million in total revenue for their first quarter of fiscal 2012, which was up 58% over their previous year Q1 results. Of the $ 80.8 million, $ 70.6 million came from advertising, while

3040-627: The US. Next Big Sound Next Big Sound ( NBS ) is a New York–based company which provides analytics for online music. The company analyses the popularity of musicians in social networks , streaming services , and radio. The company was acquired by Pandora in May 2015. Next Big Sound allows users to track mentions of bands and musical artists across several music websites, such as Last.fm , MySpace , Facebook , iLike , and Twitter . NBS calculates and graphs each of these statistics over time and compares

3116-584: The United States. On September 1, 2013, Pandora removed a 40-hour-per-month limitation for free mobile listening. As of October 2014, less than 5 percent of active listeners were paying subscribers. By November 2014, Pandora had approximately doubled its library size, topping 1.5 million songs. On September 15, 2016, Pandora launched "Pandora Plus", a new $ 4.99 subscription service to compete with other streaming services. In early 2017, Pandora revealed that 56 million of its 81 million active users subscribed to

Pandora (service) - Misplaced Pages Continue

3192-415: The ability to affect market participants . Admiraal (2009) emphasised that nonfinancial metrics reported by social media companies, including active users, may give not desirable assurance in success measurements, as the guidance, and reporting regulations that safeguards the reliability and quality of the information are too few and have not yet been standardized . Cohen et al. (2012) research on

3268-716: The active users metric. These differences often cause differences in the variable that the metric is measuring. Wyatt (2008) argues that there is evidence that some metrics reported by social media companies do not appear to be reliable , as it requires categorical judgements , but is still value-relevant to financial statement users. Luft (2009) conveyed that non-financial metric, like active users, there presents challenges in measurement accuracy and appropriateness in weighting when coupled with accounting reporting measures. There has been increasing notice from business presses and academia on corporate conventions of disclosure of these information. Active users are calculated using

3344-415: The amount of returning customers a product maintains, and comparing the changes in this number can be used to predict growth or decline in consumer numbers. In a commercial context, the success of a social-networking-site is generally associated with a growing network of active users (greater volume of site visits), social relationships amongst those users and generated contents . Active Users can be used as

3420-510: The average number of hours per user have also increased. Pandora now accounts for an estimated 4% of total US listening hours. As Pandora grows, it hopes to gain leverage on music labels and drive royalty costs down. Pandora CEO Tim Westergren has supported The Internet Radio Fairness Act or IRFA (H.R. 6480/S. 3609), which would reduce the company's royalty payments to the performers by 80 percent. On November 5, 2012, Pandora filed suit in federal district court against ASCAP over royalty fees. In

3496-661: The company announced a new division, Next Big Book, and a partnership with Macmillan Publishers . Next Big Sound raised $ 7.5 million in funding from Foundry Group, IA Ventures and others. On May 19, 2015, Pandora acquired the company. On October 1, 2021, the company announced in a blog post that the Next Big Sound platform would be shutting down on November 1. However, the team stated that they would be transitioning to working on Pandora's Artist Marketing Platform (AMP), which would continue to share data with partners such as Billboard . Monthly active users Active users

3572-481: The company as Savage Beast Technologies. Will Glaser had conceptualized the concept of classifying music by various traits and attributes—an effort that he would later name the " Music Genome Project ". The company was originally pitched as an e-commerce service that would use Glaser's associated algorithm as a recommendation engine, but this idea was scrapped after the Dot-com bubble hit its peak in March 2000. Afterwards,

3648-473: The company pursued licensing the technology to other retailers, such as AOL Music and Best Buy (who used it for in-store kiosks as a trial). The company faced increasing debt, and ran through its initial $ 2 million in funding by 2001. Glaser, Kraft, and Westergren then convinced Savage Beast's 50 employees to work for two years without pay, prompting a lawsuit by former employees in 2003 due to deferred salaries being illegal under California law. After settling

3724-420: The consumer market as an internet radio service that would generate personalized channels based on these traits as well as specific tracks liked by the user ; this service is available in an advertising-supported tier and additionally a subscription-based version. In 2017, the service launched Pandora Premium , which is an on-demand version of the service more in line with contemporary competitors. The company

3800-488: The data to that of other similar bands. The site has been tracking this data since June 2009, and reports analyzing over 486,000 bands. The business grew from a class assignment at Northwestern University , where founders Samir Rayani (CTO), Alex White (CEO), Jason Sosnovsky (since parted with NBS) and David Hoffman (CPO) attended. As part of the entrepreneur class, students present their ideas to venture capitalists . The Next Big Sound received US$ 25,000 in seed money . In

3876-470: The division of higher and lower than median traffic data. Yielding portfolio more returns may sway investors to vote on a more favourable bonus package for executive management . Kang, Lee and Na's (2010) research on the global financial crisis in 2007–2008 highlights the importance of prevention of "expropriation incentives " of investors, that provides very prominent implications on corporate governance , especially during an economic shock. Active user

SECTION 50

#1732905206308

3952-598: The guidelines by the Association for Computing Machinery to assist researchers of their responsibilities in their research studies in technological or cyberspace . Informed consent refers to a situation that participant voluntarily participates in the research with full acknowledgement of the methods of research, risks and rewards associated. With the rise internet being used as a social networking tool, active users may face unique challenges in gaining informed consents. Ethical considerations may include degree of knowledge to

4028-724: The internal data of the specific company. Data is collected based on unique users performing specific actions which data collectors deem as a sign of activity. These actions include visiting the home or splash page of a website, logging in, commentating, uploading content, or similar actions which make use of the product. The number of people subscribed to a service may also be considered an active user for its duration. Each company has their own method of determining their number of active users, and many companies do not share specific details regarding how they calculate them. Some companies make changes to their calculation method over time. The specific action flagging users as active greatly impacts

4104-540: The messenger, and took action to share content and activity differing from LinkedIn who uses registered members, page visits and views. For example, a customer who uses the Facebook once, to "comment" or "share content", may also be counted as an "active user". A potential cause for these inaccuracies in measurement is the implemented Pay-for-Performance systems , that encourages desired behaviours, included high-performance work system. In social media companies, active users

4180-409: The most minimal interaction as "active". Still the number is a relevant metric to evaluate development of user interaction of a given provider. This metric is commonly assessed per month as monthly active users ( MAU ), per week as weekly active users ( WAU ), per day as daily active users ( DAU ) and peak concurrent users ( PCU ). Active users on any time scale offers a rough overview of

4256-473: The number of user's in a particular group, the internet object associated with it, can be deemed as "trending", and as an "area of interest". With the internet's evolution into a tool used for communications and socialisation , ethical considerations have also shifted from data-driven to "human-centered", further complicating the ethical issues relating with concepts of public and private on online domains, whereby researchers and subjects do not fully understand

4332-601: The other $ 10.2 million came from subscription. In addition, Pandora has seen a 62% advertising revenue increase, and a 38% subscription revenue increase year-over-year. However, the vast majority of Pandora's users remain on the free, ad-supported model. Pandora's business model was threatened by changes to royalty structures affecting internet radio in the United States, with the Copyright Royalty Board having ordered increases to per-song performance royalties (which are not paid by terrestrial radio) in March 2007. Pandora

4408-441: The participants and age appropriateness , ways and practicality in which researchers inform, and "when" it is appropriate to waive the consent. Crawford and Schultz (2014) have noted consent to be "innumerable" and "yet-to-be-determined" before the research is conducted. Grady et al. (2017) pointed out that technological advancements can assist in obtaining consent without the in-person meeting of investigators (researchers) and

4484-426: The peak of its popularity, Stitcher was reported to have nearly 14.5 million weekly users. Listeners can tune into established genre stations, other users' stations or create their own stations based on their musical interests. The user can use thumbs up and thumbs down buttons to declare whether they like a track or not, which determines whether similar songs should be played in the station. A second thumbs down to

4560-436: The privacy and security , and ethical factors should be considered thoroughly. It measures how many users visit or interact with the product or service over a given interval or period. However, there is no standard definition of this term, so comparison of the reporting between different providers of this metric is problematic. Also, most providers have the interest to show this number as high as possible, therefore defining even

4636-425: The promotion of informational, social and emotional support that represents media and public perception has positive effects on their research participants behavioural intention to use online mental health intervention. Online psychological educational program, a type of online mental health interventions are found to promote well-being, and decreased suicidal conception. In the fields of online-gaming, active users

SECTION 60

#1732905206308

4712-766: The quality of the data if it does not accurately reflect engagement with the product, resulting in misleading data. Basic actions such as logging into the product may not be an accurate representation of customer engagement and inflate the number of active users, while uploading content or commenting may be too specific for a product and under-represent user activity. Weitz, Henry and Rosenthal (2014) suggested that factors that may affect accuracy of metrics like active users include issues relating to definition and calculation, circumstances of deceptive inflation, uncertainty specification and user-shared, duplicate or fake accounts. The authors describes Facebook monthly active users criterion as registered users past 30 days, have used

4788-453: The research activities and data collection to better meet the community and end-user 's expectations. There are also policy debates around ethical issues regarding the integration of edtech (education technology) into K-12 education environment, as minor children are perceived to be most vulnerable segment of the entire population. Many social media companies have their respective differences definition and calculation methods of

4864-521: The same artist will ban that artist from the selected station. A thumbs down immediately skips a song, but the number of times a user can skip tracks is limited unless they are using one of the paid subscription plans, or opts to watch a video ad . More than 450 musical attributes are considered when selecting the next song. These 450 attributes are combined into larger groups called focus traits, of which there are 2,000. Examples of these are rhythm syncopation , key tonality , and vocal harmonies . Pandora

4940-400: The same, 1.85%. She cited (p. 97) "troubling coordination" between two of the biggest publishing companies (Sony and UMPG) and ASCAP that alludes to core antitrust concern in the industry. After arguing that both ASCAP and BMI were showing bias towards international broadcasters who own terrestrial radio stations, Pandora announced on June 11, 2013, that it would attempt to acquire KXMZ ,

5016-471: The song. On September 1, 2013, Pandora removed the 40-hour-per-month limit on free mobile listening (originally announced on February 27, 2013). Pandora stated that it was able to make this change "thanks to the rapid progress of its mobile advertising." In 2014, Pandora signed an agreement with some music copyright owners for lower royalties in exchange for more frequent streaming of songs. Though not illegal, this practice raised comparisons to payola , which

5092-516: The station under the premise that whatever foreign ownership Pandora had was widely dispersed; Two years later, Pandora would sell the station to Rapid City-based Haugo Broadcasting for $ 300,000. In July 2013, David Lowery , the frontman of the rock bands Cracker and Camper Van Beethoven , wrote an article criticizing Pandora's royalty rate for Cracker's song " Low ", which was streamed over one million times. According to his BMI royalty statement, Lowery earned only $ 16.89 for his 40 percent stake in

5168-472: The suit, just a few employees were laid off. In 2004, based on the success of the Best Buy pilot, Walden Venture Capital led an $ 8 million round of funding, and hired Joe Kennedy—formerly of automaker Saturn —as its new CEO. After agreements with Best Buy and Borders lapsed, the company began to shift its attention to the consumer market, resulting in the development of Pandora as an internet radio service using

5244-484: The suit, the company sought to advocate for lower licensing fees on all the songs represented by the ASCAP's 435,000 members. On February 27, 2013, Pandora announced a 40-hour-per-month limit on free mobile listening. Pandora CEO Tim Westergren cited escalating royalty costs as the reason for the mobile cap. In a ruling made public in March 2014, US District Judge Denise Cote ruled that Pandora's rate paid to ASCAP should remain

5320-522: The summer of 2009, the company was chosen to participate in the TechStars incubator program for online startups in Boulder, Colorado . On June 1, 2012, the company moved its headquarters from Boulder to New York City . Next Big Sound was named one of the 10 best music startups of 2010 by Billboard Magazine and CEO Alex White was named to Billboard's 30 Under 30 executives to watch list. On May 25, 2014,

5396-419: The user's platform, the net contribution to earnings per mobile hour is even more skewed with respect to contribution to earnings from desktop hours. Mobile revenues will improve over time as Pandora shifts from relying on third-party ad networks to selling ad inventory internally at premium rates. In January 2011, Pandora met with investment banks to consider a possible $ 100 million IPO. The company filed with

5472-548: Was a member of an industry group, SaveNetRadio, which opposed the increases. In August 2008, Westergen told The Washington Post that they were "approaching a pull-the-plug kind of decision", arguing that "the moment we think this problem in Washington is not going to get solved, we have to pull the plug because all we're doing is wasting money." On July 7, 2009, SoundExchange announced that agreements had been reached on royalty rates for internet radio, with larger webcasters paying

5548-424: Was announced following the approval of Sirius XM's acquisition of Pandora. Lynch will be replaced by Sirius XM CEO Jim Meyer. On February 26, 2019, Pandora announced the launch of Pandora Stories, a marketing tool for artists. The feature allows artists to build music playlists combined with voice tracks, where they can add a narrative and deeper insights. In October 2019, Pandora's parent company, Sirius XM, signed

5624-455: Was eliminated, and the $ 3.99 monthly plan was the only way to get Pandora One. The price rose to $ 4.99 a month in July 2014. The annual subscription was brought back and is now $ 54.89 a year. Pandora initially offered a subscription-only service without commercials. However, the idea of paying did not sit well with most U.S. consumers and the company had to consider alternative business models to offer

5700-877: Was founded in 2000 as Savage Beast Technologies, and initially conceived as a business-to-business company licensing the Music Genome Project to retailers as a recommendation platform. In 2005, the company shifted its focus to the consumer market by launching Pandora as an internet radio product. Pandora is a freemium service; basic features are free with advertisements or limitations, while additional features, such as improved streaming quality, music downloads and offline channels are offered via paid subscriptions. In February 2019, Sirius XM acquired Pandora for $ 3.5 billion in stock. In 2021, Pandora had about 55.9 million active monthly users, and 6.4 million subscribers. As of 2022, Pandora reportedly had fewer than 50 million active users. As of 2023, there were 46 million users. In 2000, Will Glaser, Jon Kraft , and Tim Westergren founded

5776-411: Was resorting to "lawsuits and gimmicks" to make its point. However, a member of Public Knowledge praised the move, by stating that it was "a perfect example of the twisted incentives and strange results we get from a music licensing system that is based on who wants a license instead of just what they want to do with the music they’re using." ASCAP also objected to the deal, filing a petition to deny with

#307692