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52-521: The Commission completed its report on July 1, 1920 at Port Said . The Commission reported that the prelude to the attacks resulted from Arab disappointment at the non-fulfillment of the promises of independence by British authorities, the belief that the Balfour Declaration implied a denial of the Arab right of self-determination, and fear that the establishment of a national home for Jews would result in

104-454: A global city since its establishment and flourished particularly during the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth century when it was inhabited by various nationalities and religions. Most of them were from Mediterranean countries, and they coexisted in tolerance, forming a cosmopolitan community. Referring to this fact Rudyard Kipling once said "If you truly wish to find someone you have known and who travels, there are two points on

156-512: A Jewish dominion. Port Said Port Said ( / s aɪ d / , Egyptian Arabic : بورسعيد , romanized:  Bōrsaʿīd , pronounced [boɾsæˈʕiːd, poɾ-] ) is a port city that lies in the northeast Egypt extending about 30 km (19 mi) along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea , straddling the west bank of the northern mouth of the Suez Canal . The city is

208-510: A lower scale. Among speakers of Egyptian Arabic , the Port Saidi accent is unique. Port Said is a main summer resort and tourist attraction , due to its public and private beaches, cosmopolitan heritage, museums , and duty-free port, beside the other landmarks like Port Said Lighthouse , Port Said Martyrs Memorial that has the shape of the Pharaonic ancient obelisks , and the building of

260-826: A significant increase in Jewish immigration, leading to Arab economic and political subjugation. The Commission’s final report was never published, in anticipation of Zionist objections. The report is held in the Foreign Office papers at the National Archives as document E9379 under FO 371/5121. The commission consisted of three senior military officers; Major General Sir Philip Palin , Brigadier General E. H. Wildblood, and Lieutenant Colonel C. Vaughan Edwards. The Commission convened for 50 days, and examined 152 witnesses in eight languages (English, French, Arabic, Hebrew, Yiddish, Jargon, Russian and Hindustani). The Zionist Commission

312-496: A significant role in Egyptian history. The British entered Egypt through the city in 1882, starting their occupation of Egypt. At the start of the twentieth century, two things happened to change Port Said: in 1902, Egyptian cotton from Mataria started to be exported via Port Said; and in 1904 a standard gauge railway opened to Cairo . The result was to attract a large commercial community and to raise its social status. In particular

364-466: A sizable Greek community grew up. In 1907, the quickly growing city had about 50,000 inhabitants, among whom were 11,000 Europeans "of all nations". During the First World War, Port Said became home to an important Allied hospital. Due to the strategic location of Port Said intersecting Europe, Africa and Asia, thousands of men were sent to this hospital. This included soldiers wounded as a result from

416-574: A wooden wharf, it served as a mooring berth for the boats. Soon after, a wooden jetty was built, connecting the departure islet, as it quickly became known, to the beach. This rock could be considered the heart of the developing city, and it was on this highly symbolic site, forty years later, that a monument to de Lesseps was erected. There were no local resources here. Everything Port Said needed had to be imported: wood, stone, supplies, machinery, equipment, housing, food and even water. Giant water storage containers were erected to supply fresh water until

468-600: Is Port Fuad , which lies on the eastern bank of the Suez Canal. The two cities coexist, to the extent that there is hardly any town centre in Port Fuad. The cities are connected by free ferries running all through the day, and together they form a metropolitan area with over a million residents that extends both on the African and the Asian sides of the Suez Canal. Port Said acted as

520-569: Is football , as is the case in the rest of Egypt and Africa, and Port Saidis are known for their enthusiasm in supporting the local team Al Masry SC . Al Masry Club Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Port Said. Built in 1954, it currently seats 17,988 and is used mostly for football matches, including the 1997 FIFA U-17 World Championship , 2006 African Cup of Nations , and 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup . The 2012 Port Said Stadium riot took place there. The second most popular sport in Port Said

572-624: Is handball . The city is known for their local handball team Port Said SC that won three Egyptian Handball League titles and also was the champion of the African Handball Champions League in 1990 . Port Said Hall is an indoor hall located in the Sports City in Port Said . It hosts competitions of handball, basketball, and volleyball, and was used for the 1999 World Men's Handball Championship . It holds 5000 people. Hockey , swimming, and other sports are also practiced on

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624-627: Is a city in Port Said Governorate , Egypt . Port Fuad is located in northeastern Egypt at the northwesternmost tip of the Sinai Peninsula on the Asian side of the Suez Canal , across from the city of Port Said . Port Fuad is considered a suburb of Port Said and together they form a metropolitan area of over one million residents. Along with the likes of Colón , Panama ( North / South America ) and Istanbul , Turkey ( Asia / Europe ), it

676-450: Is a compound name which composed of two parts: the French word port (marine harbour) and Said (the name of the ruler of Egypt at that time), who granted Ferdinand de Lesseps the concession to dig the Suez Canal. Urbanized residents pronounce the name [boɾsæˈʕiːd] or [poɾsæˈʕiːd] , while unurbanized residents pronounce it [bɔɾsaˈʕɛˑd] . In Ancient Greek ,

728-480: Is a public university that follows the Egyptian system of higher education. The most notable faculties of the university are the faculty of engineering and the faculty of science. In addition, the Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport is a semi-private educational institution that offers courses for high school, undergraduate level students, postgraduate. Sadat Academy for Management Sciences

780-530: Is about four hours while the Alexandria – Port Said route can be covered in about six hours. Intercity passenger service is operated by Egyptian National Railways . Tickets can be reserved online using the Egyptian National Railways website. Port Said is linked by ferry to its twin city Port Fouad which is considered the Asian part of this Afro-Asian governorate "Port Said" on the eastern bank of

832-498: Is an Egyptian Public Academy under the authorization of the Ministry of higher education. Port Said contains about 349 schools in all different educational stages between governmental, experimental, private language schools beside French historical schools. The port of Port Said is the 28th-busiest seaport for container transport, the second-busiest in the Arab world (narrowly behind

884-496: Is drier. January and February are the coolest months while the hottest are July and August. The highest record temperature was 44 °C (111 °F), recorded on June 20, 1988, while the lowest record temperature was 0 °C (32 °F), recorded on December 25, 1979. Port Said, Kosseir , Ras El Bar , Baltim , Damietta and Alexandria have the least temperature variation in Egypt , additionally, Mersa Matruh and Port Said have

936-466: Is one of the few transcontinental cities in the world, in that spans it across two continents ( Africa / Asia ). Port Fuad has a population of 81,591 (as of 2015). Port Fuad was established in 1926, principally to relieve overcrowding in Port Said , and was named after King Fuad I (also transliterated as Fouad ), the first holder of the title King of Egypt in the modern era (having previously held

988-588: Is vicious. When we attack, it defends. The Report was sharply critical of the Zionists for exacerbating Arab concerns by their "impatience, indiscretion and attempts to force the hands of the Administration" into establishing a Jewish State, as there had been direct communication between the Foreign Office and the Chief Political Officer, Colonel Richard Meinertzhagen , bypassing and sometimes contradicting

1040-609: The Lighthouse of Port Said (the first building in the world built from reinforced concrete ). Due to its excellent geographic location, Port Said is designed to attract logistics start ups along with import and export businesses. In 2019, the city witnessed the construction of the New Suez Canal, led by the Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi . The government provides a number of incentives to investors in

1092-591: The Suez Canal in 1951. The Egyptian Revolution of 1952 occurred. Then on 26 July 1956, President Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalised the Suez Canal Company. The nationalisation escalated tensions with Britain and France, who colluded with Israel to invade Egypt, the invasion known in Egypt as the tripartite aggression or the Suez Crisis . On 6 November 1956, British troops violently landed in Port Said while firing on

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1144-512: The Suez Canal Authority headquarters in Port Said. Also, Tennis island situated in lake Manzaleh is a destination that attracts tourists to enjoy visiting this ancient Islamic city which was demolished during the crusades . Port Fuad 31°15′N 32°19′E  /  31.250°N 32.317°E  / 31.250; 32.317 Port Fuad or Port Fouad ( Arabic : بورفؤاد Borfoʾād , IPA: [boɾ.foˈʔæːd] )

1196-466: The Sweet Water Canal could be completed. One of the most pressing problems was the lack of stone. Early buildings were often imported in kit form and made great use of wood. A newly developed technique was used to construct the jetties called conglomerate concrete or "Beton Coignet", which was named after its inventor François Coignet. Blocks of concrete were sunk into the sea to be the foundations of

1248-428: The capital of the Port Said governorate and it forms the majority of the governorate, where its seven districts comprise seven of the governorate's eight regions. At the beginning of 2023 had a population of 680,375 people. The city was established in 1859 during the building of the Suez Canal. There are numerous old houses with grand balconies on all floors, giving the city a distinctive look. Port Said's twin city

1300-567: The Egyptian government to prepare for the Yom Kippur War (1973). The city was re-inhabited after the war and the reopening of the Canal. In 1976, Port Said was declared a duty-free port, attracting people from all over Egypt. Now the population of the city is 794,720. Port Said has been ranked the second among the Egyptian cities according to the Human Development Index in 2009 and 2010;

1352-618: The Egyptian military. Port Said next was bombed by the British, to terrorise the civilians, of whom hundreds died. There was also heavy fighting in the streets with again many civilian casualties, and the resulting fires destroyed much of the city. The withdrawal of the last soldier of foreign troops was on 23 December 1956. Since then, this day was chosen as Port Said's national day. It is widely celebrated annually in Port Said. The French-speaking European community had begun to emigrate to Europe, Australia, South Africa and elsewhere in 1946 and most of

1404-646: The Gallipoli campaign in 1915. Following the end of the World War I , the directors of the Suez Canal Company decided to create a new city on the Asian bank, building 300 houses for its labourers and functionaries. Port Fouad was designed by the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris . The houses follow the French model. The new city was founded in December 1926. Since its foundation people of all nationalities and religions had been moving to

1456-610: The North convoy to transit the Suez Canal to carry out stevedoring operations or to be supplied with provisions and bunkers. The dwelling area is divided into two sections: The Northern Area is allocated for vessels with deep drafts. The Southern Area is for all vessel types. Port Said is served by Port Said Airport located about 6 km (3.7 mi) away from city centre. The airport was reopened in February 2011 after being modernised to be fit for international flights. Scheduled flights from

1508-653: The OETA. Lastly, the report expressed its alarm about the situation in Palestine, calling it "exceedingly dangerous". The Report concludes as follows: The following are the considered opinions submitted by the Court: The Palin findings are similar to those of the Haycraft Report of the following year. The latter report gave more emphasis to the Arab fear that extensive Jewish immigration would lead to Palestine becoming

1560-552: The Suez Canal, the ferry is used to cross the canal between the two cities, holding both people and cars as well (for free). The time between the two cities across the canal by using the ferry does not exceed 10 minutes. Public buses are operated by Port Said Governorate's Agency for Public Passenger Transport. Private Transport also are available referred to as Micro Buses (14 seat minibus ). White and blue saloon car taxicabs are comfortable, asking reasonable prices. Earlier trolleybuses existed in city. The Port Said Library at

1612-542: The airport ceased in 1996. There are three main highways that connect Port Said to other cities in Egypt: The Port Said train station is on Mustafa Kamal Street and was built around 1904 when the Egyptian Railway Authority extended service in the region. There are frequent train services from Cairo, Alexandria and other main Egyptian cities to Port Said. The travel time between Cairo and Port Said

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1664-592: The city and each community brought in its own customs, cuisine, religion and architecture. By the late 1920s the population numbered over 100,000 people. In the 1930s for example there were elegant public buildings designed by Italian architects. The old Arab Quarter was swallowed up into the thriving city. Port Said by now was a thriving, bustling international port with a multi-national population: Jewish merchants, Egyptian shopkeepers, Greek photographers, Italian architects, Swiss hoteliers, Maltese administrators, Scottish engineers, French bankers and diplomats from all around

1716-437: The city was called Πηλούσιον ( Pēloúsion ). Port Said was founded by Sa'id of Egypt on Easter Monday, April 25, 1859, when Ferdinand de Lesseps gave the first symbolic swing of the pickaxe to signal the beginning of construction. The first problem encountered was the difficulty for ships to drop anchor nearby. Luckily, a single rocky outcrop flush with the shoreline was discovered a few hundred meters away. Equipped with

1768-592: The common French. In 1936 a treaty was signed between the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Egypt called the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 . It stipulated the British pledge to withdraw all their troops from Egypt, except those necessary to protect the Suez Canal and its surroundings. Following World War II , Egypt denounced the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 , leading to skirmishes with British troops guarding

1820-443: The coolest summer days of any other cities or resorts, although not significantly cooler than other northern coastal places. Modern Port Said is divided into seven districts: Port Said's districts are further subdivided in to eight qism (police ward) which had a total estimated population as of January 2023 of 680,375 people: (January 2023 Est.) Port Said has a number of higher education institutions. Port Said University

1872-726: The court. By the time the Report was presented in August 1920, the OETA had been replaced by a civilian administration. Sir Herbert Samuel was appointed the first High Commissioner in 1920, before the Council of the League of Nations approved a British Mandate for Palestine , and OETA withdrew to Cairo in preparation for the expected British Mandate. Edmund Allenby advised that the Palin Report should be published; but in anticipation of Zionist objections, it

1924-404: The economic base of the city is fishing and industries, like chemicals , ultra-processed food , and cigarettes . Port Said is also an important harbour for exports of Egyptian products like cotton and rice , and additionally a fueling station for ships that pass through the Suez Canal. It thrives on being a duty-free port, as well as a tourist resort especially during summer. It is home to

1976-516: The first language of children born to parents from different communities. Italian was also widely spoken and was the mother tongue of part of the Maltese community, since the ancestors of the latter had come to Egypt before the Anglicization of Malta in the 1920s. Multilingualism was a characteristic of the foreign population of Port Said, with most people continuing to speak community languages as well as

2028-475: The globe you have but to sit and wait, sooner or later your man will come there: the docks of London and Port Said". Port Said is an important city in Egypt for trade and business, due to its location on the coastal region. The name of Port Said first appeared in 1855. It was chosen by an international committee composed of Great Britain , France , the Russian Empire , Austria , Spain and Piedmont . It

2080-457: The jetties. Still more innovative was the use of the same concrete for the lighthouse of Port Said , the only original building still standing in Port Said. In 1859 the first 150 laborers camped in tents around a wooden shed. A year later, the number of inhabitants had risen to 2000 — with the European contingent housed in wooden bungalows imported from northern Europe. By 1869, when the canal opened,

2132-461: The main employment of the city, and its employees comprise most of the population. It has one general hospital. Until 2016 the town was accessible only by Ferry to Port Said. Three ferry lines: the "Port Fouad Ferry" and "Al-Raswa Ferry" from Port Said, and the "Tafreea Ferry" from Port Said East. In 2016 the floating bridge to Port Said was opened. On the Sinai side of the canal, Port Said East

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2184-449: The permanent population had reached 10,000. The European district, clustered around the waterfront, was separated from the Arab district, Gemalia, 400 m (1,300 ft) to the west, by a wide strip of sandy beach where a tongue of Lake Manzala reached towards the sea. This inlet soon dried out and was replaced by buildings; over time there was no division between the European and Arab quarters. Since its establishment, Port Said played

2236-512: The port of Salalah in Oman ), and the busiest container seaport in Egypt, with 3,470,000 TEU transported in 2009. The port is part of the Maritime Silk Road . It is divided into: The port is bordered, seaward, by an imaginary line from the western breakwater boundary till the eastern breakwater end. And from the Suez Canal area, it is bordered by an imaginary line extending transversely from

2288-576: The remainder left Egypt in the wake of the Suez Crisis, paralleling the contemporary exodus of French-speaking Europeans from Tunisia. Most of the Greek community was also expelled or left the town under the rule of Gamal Abdel Nasser. After the 1967 Arab-Israeli war, also called the Six-Day War , the Suez Canal was closed by an Egyptian blockade until 5 June 1975, and the residents of Port Said were evacuated by

2340-577: The scheme including zero tax and duties on tools, machines and raw materials related to the production of goods for export. Port Said has a hot desert climate (BWh) according to Köppen climate classification , but blowing winds from the Mediterranean Sea greatly moderates the temperatures, typical to the northern coast of Egypt , making its summers moderately hot and humid while its winters mild and moderately wet when sleet and hail are also common, yet less common than in Alexandria because Port Said

2392-479: The southern bank of the Canal connected to Manzala Lake, and the railways arcade livestock. Two breakwaters protect the port entrance channel: the western breakwater is about 3.5 mi (5.6 km) long, and the eastern breakwater is approximately 1.5 mi (2.4 km). The Suez Canal Dwelling Area is situated between latitudes 31° 21' N and 31° 25' N and longitudes 32° 16.2°' E and 32° 20.6' E. where vessels awaiting to accede Port Said port stay whether to join

2444-622: The time of its inauguration reached about 14,000 books and was supplied by encyclopedias and modern references. Port Said has about 11 theatres. [1] Port Said has 23 parks which includes the Ferial Park (21,904 square meters ), the Farma Park (12,469.4 square meters), the Khazanat Park (2,000 square meters), and the Aldawlia Park (8 Hektars ). [2] The main sport that interests Port Saidis

2496-683: The title Sultan of Egypt ). After the war of 1967 Port Fuad was the only piece of Sinai held by the Egyptians. The Israeli army tried to capture Port Fuad during the War of Attrition , but failed. After the October War , the Camp David Accord in 1978 Israel agreed to return Sinai to Egypt peacefully, and later the two countries signed a peace treaty. Today Port Fuad is a major Air Defence Position for Egypt. Despite its important location, as of 2006, Port Fuad

2548-471: The world. All lived and worked alongside the large local Egyptian community. And always passing through were international travelers to and from Africa, India and the Far East. Intermarriage between French, Italian and Maltese was particularly common, resulting in a local Latin and Catholic community like those of Alexandria and Cairo. French was the common language of the European and non-Arab population, and often

2600-429: Was decided only to convey the gist of the report verbally to a "responsible" Zionist leader. The Report refers to various "causes of the alienation and exasperation of the feelings of the population of Palestine". It cites Jean de la Fontaine 's lines in the original French to describe the attitude of the Zionists towards the local Arab population: Cet animal est très méchant. Si on l'attaque il se défend. This animal

2652-502: Was legally represented by S. Alexander of the firm of R.S. Devonshire & Co., Advocates, and used the inquiry to make a "vigorous attack" upon the departing Occupied Enemy Territory Administration (OETA). The Report noted that Jewish representatives persisted in describing the events as a "pogrom", implying that the British administration had connived in the violence. In contrast, the Commission noted that Arab Palestinians rarely attended

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2704-621: Was still considered a residential zone, with very few facilities and no major downtown or city center. The city is located on Port Fuad Island, a triangular island bounded by the Mediterranean to the North, the Suez Canal to the West, and the relatively new eastern channel from the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean to the East. Lying on the eastern side of the main canal. The Suez Canal Authority forms

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