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27-568: Pairi River is one of the important tributaries of Mahanadi . The river originates from the Bhatigarh hills located near Bindranavagarh of Gariaband District and it joins the Mahanadi near Rajim , Gariaband district in Chhattisgarh , India . Length of River is 90 km. 20°58′N 81°52′E  /  20.967°N 81.867°E  / 20.967; 81.867 This article related to

54-493: A common feature of river deltas . They can also occur inland, on alluvial fans , or where a tributary stream bifurcates as it nears its confluence with a larger stream. In some cases, a minor distributary can divert so much water from the main channel that it can later become the main route. Common terms to name individual river distributaries in English-speaking countries are arm and channel . These terms may refer to

81-561: A dense patch of forest, south of Sihawa town in Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh . The hills here are an extension of the Eastern Ghats and are a source of many other streams which then go on to join the Mahanadi. For the first 100 kilometres (62 mi) of its course, the Mahanadi flows in a northerly direction and drains the Raipur district and touches eastern portions of Raipur city. It

108-630: A distributary that does not rejoin the channel from which it has branched (e.g., the North, Middle, and South Arms of the Fraser River , or the West Channel of the Mackenzie River ), or to one that does (e.g. Annacis Channel and Annieville Channel of the Fraser River , separated by Annacis Island ). In Australia, the term anabranch is used to refer to a distributary that diverts from the main course of

135-690: A river in India is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Mahanadi River The word Mahanadi is a compound of the Sanskrit words maha ("great") and nadi ("river"). In different era Like many other seasonal Indian rivers, the Mahanadi too is a combination of many mountain streams and thus its precise source is impossible to pinpoint. However its farthest headwaters lie 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from Pharsiya village in Nagri Sihawa 442 metres (1,450 ft) above sea level about 11 km, in

162-610: A shoreline of over 675 kilometres (419 mi). After the formation of Chhattisgarh State, the major portion of Mahanadi basin now lies in Chhattisgarh. Presently, only 169 square kilometres (65 sq mi) basin area of Hasdeo River in Anuppur District lies in Madhya Pradesh . Before the construction of the dam in 1953, the Mahanadi was about a mile wide at Sambalpur and carried massive amounts of silt, especially during

189-465: A substantial storage quantity of over 5.4 km would be created on completion of projects under construction. Additional storage to the tune of over 11.0 km would become available on execution of projects under consideration. The hydropower potential of the basin has been assessed as 627 MW at 60% load factor. At its peak during the monsoon, the Mahanadi has a discharge rate of 2,000,000 cubic feet (57,000 m ) per second, almost as much as

216-498: Is a rather narrow river at this stage and the total width of its valley does not exceed 500–600 metres. After being joined by the Shivnath , the river flows in an easterly direction through the remaining part of its journey. It is joined by the Jonk and Hasdeo rivers here before entering into Odisha after covering about half of its total length. Near the city of Sambalpur , it is dammed by

243-462: Is usable water. Culturable area in the basin is about 80,000 square kilometres (31,000 sq mi), which is 4% of the total culturable area of the country. Present use of surface water in the basin is 17.0 km . Live storage capacity in the basin has increased significantly since independence. From just about 0.8 km in the pre-plan period, the total live storage capacity of the completed projects has increased to 8.5 km . In addition,

270-668: The Balonne River in Queensland into Narran Lake in New South Wales . Many of Papua New Guinea's major rivers flow into the Gulf of Papua through marshy, low-lying country, allowing for wide, many-branched deltas. These include the Fly River , which splits into three major and several minor rivers close to its mouth. The Bamu River splits into several channels close to its mouth, among them

297-745: The Bebea , Bina , Dibiri , and Aramia . The Kikori River also splits into a multitude of channels as it crosses the plains close to the Gulf of Papua. The Purari River splits into three major channels as it approaches its mouth. New Zealand's second-longest river, the Clutha River , splits into two arms, the Matau and the Koua , some 10 kilometres from the South Island's Pacific Coast. A large island, Inch Clutha , lies between

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324-730: The Cuttack district from west to east. Just before entering Cuttack, it gives off a large distributary called the Kathjori . The city of Cuttack stands on the spit separating the two channels. The Kathjori then throws off many streams like the Kuakhai , Devi and Surua which fall into the Bay of Bengal after entering the Puri district . The Kathjori itself falls into the sea as the Jotdar. Other distributaries of Mahanadi include

351-723: The North Arm and the South Arm , and a few smaller ones adjoining them. Examples of inland distributaries: The Casiquiare canal is an inland distributary of the upper Orinoco , which flows southward into the Rio Negro , forming a unique natural canal between the Orinoco and Amazon river systems. It is the largest river on the planet that links two major river systems. The Huai River in China splits into three streams. The main stream passes through

378-803: The Red River of the South . The Old River Control Structure , a dam which regulates the outflow from the Mississippi into the Atchafalaya, was completed by the Army Corps of Engineers in 1963. The dam is intended to prevent the Atchafalaya from capturing the main flow of the Mississippi and stranding the ports of Baton Rouge and New Orleans . In British Columbia , Canada, the Fraser River has numerous sloughs and side-channels which may be defined as distributaries. This river's final stretch has three main distributaries:

405-502: The monsoon . Today, it is a rather tame river after the construction of the dam and is joined by the Ib, Ong, Tel and other minor streams. It then skirts the boundaries of the Baudh district and forces a tortuous way between ridges and ledges in a series of rapids until it reaches Dholpur, Odisha . The rapids end here and the river rolls towards the Eastern Ghats , forcing its way through them via

432-467: The 64 kilometres (40 mi) long Satkosia Gorge . The Satakosia Gorge ends at Badamul of Nayagarh. Dense forests cover the hills flanking the river here. The river enters the Odisha plains at Naraj, about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from Cuttack , where it pours down between two hills that are a mile apart. A barrage has been constructed here to regulate the river's flow into Cuttack . The river traverses

459-607: The Paika, Birupa River , Chitroptala river , Genguti and Lun. The Birupa then goes on to join the Brahmani River at Krushnanagar and enters the Bay of Bengal at Dhamra. The Mahanadi proper enters the sea via several channels near Paradeep at False Point , Jagatsinghpur . The combined delta of the Mahanadi's numerous distributaries and the Brahmani is one of the largest in India. Prior to

486-671: The Sanhe Sluice, goes out of the Sanhe river, and enters the Yangtze River through Baoying Lake and Gaoyou Lake . On the east bank of Hongze Lake , another stream goes out of Gaoliangjian Gate and enters the Yellow Sea at the port of Bidan through Subei Guan'gai Zongqu, the main irrigation channel of Northern Jiangsu ); its total length is 168 kilometers. The third stream leaves the Erhe lock on

513-449: The construction of Hirakud Dam, the Mahanadi was navigable from its mouth up to Arrang , about 250 kilometres (160 mi) from its source. However numerous barrages apart from the Hirakud have put an end to that. Today, boats are restricted to the delta region and the Hirakud reservoir. Fresh water crocodiles, Ganges and Bull sharks frequent Mahanadi. The Mahanadi is an important river in

540-669: The longest earthen dam in the world, the Hirakud Dam . A composite structure of the earth, concrete and masonry, the dam measures 26 kilometres (16 mi) including the Dykes. It spans two hills; the Lamdungri on the left and the Chandili Dunguri on the right. It also forms the biggest artificial lake in Asia , with a reservoir holding 784 square kilometres (303 sq mi) at full capacity, with

567-415: The much larger Ganges . However owing to its seasonal nature the river is mostly a narrow channel flanked by wide sand banks for most of the year. The Mahanadi was notorious for its devastating floods for much of recorded history. Thus it was called 'the sorrow of Orissa'. However the construction of the Hirakud Dam has greatly altered the situation. Today a network of canals, barrages and check dams keep

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594-815: The northeast bank of Hongze Lake, passes the Huaishuhe River to the north of Lianyungang city, and flows into Haizhou Bay through the Hongkou. The Tha Chin River and Noi River are distributaries of the Chao Phraya River in Thailand , splitting off from the latter about 200 kilometers upstream from the Bay of Bangkok . The Brantas River in East Java , Indonesia , branches off into two distributaries, Mas River , also known as Surabaya River, and Porong River . A number of

621-547: The river and rejoins it later. In North America such a branching river is called a braided river . In Louisiana , the Atchafalaya River is an important distributary of the Mississippi River . Because the Atchafalaya takes a steeper route to the Gulf of Mexico than does the Mississippi, over several decades the Atchafalaya has captured more and more of the Mississippi's flow, after the Mississippi meandered into

648-457: The river well in control. However heavy rain can still cause large-scale flooding as evidenced in September 2008 when 16 people died as the river breached its banks. In September 2011, heavy downpour caused flash flood and many mud dwellings in more than 25 villages above Hirakud Dam in Chhattisgarh and Odisha, which were never affected before, collapsed due to back water that could not pass through

675-451: The river. Distributary A distributary , or a distributary channel is a stream channel that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel. It is the opposite of a tributary , a stream that flows towards and into another stream or river. Distributaries are a result of river bifurcation and are often found where a river approaches a lake or an ocean and divides into distributary networks; as such they are

702-601: The rivers that flow inland from Australia's Great Dividing Range form distributaries, most of which flow only intermittently during times of high river levels and end in shallow lakes or simply peter out in the deserts. Yarriambiack Creek , which flows from the Wimmera River into Lake Coorong, and Tyrrell Creek, which flows from the Avoca River into Lake Tyrrell , are two distributaries in Victoria . The Narran River flows from

729-685: The state of Odisha. This river flows slowly for about 900 kilometres (560 mi) and deposits more silt than any other river in the Indian subcontinent. The cities of Cuttack and Sambalpur were prominent trading places in the ancient world and the river itself has been referred to as the Manada in Ptolemy's works. However today the Mahanadi valley is best known for its fertile soil and flourishing agriculture. Average annual surface water potential of 66.9 km has been assessed in this basin. Out of this, 50.0 km

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