The Pacuare River , or the Río Pacuare , in Costa Rica has its source in the Cordillera de Talamanca and flows approximately 108 kilometres (67 mi) to the Caribbean . It is a popular location for white water rafting , whitewater kayaking and riverboarding . The rainforests that surround the river are home to exotic animal species such as jaguars , monkeys , ocelots , and a very large number of birds . It was considered one of the 5 nicest rivers to practice rafting.
25-412: The Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad - Costa Rica's state-owned electricity agency - suggested in 1986 the possibility of building a hydroelectric dam on the river. This plan was finally rejected in 2005 due to concerns about the pollution and other impacts on tourism and the ecology of the river and its surroundings. The Pacuare River is divided into approximately sixteen sections. Starting from
50-458: A company or corporation involved in the energy industry is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Costa Rica -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a telecommunications company is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Heart of palm Heart of palm is a vegetable harvested from the inner core and growing bud of certain palm trees , most notably
75-416: A "good" source of protein , riboflavin , and potassium , and as a "very good source" of dietary fiber , vitamin C, folate , calcium , iron , magnesium , phosphorus , zinc , copper , and especially, manganese , along with being a good ratio between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids . The high sodium content noted on the chart for hearts of palm relates to the canned product; it is not present in
100-502: A bridge crossing and took 5 days to reach the narrow gauge railroad where they flagged a train back to San Jose. In 1978 Kaye started Costa Rica Expeditions to run commercial trips in Costa Rica and started running commercial trips on the Pacuare river in winter 1981/82. Between 1980(?) and 1983 Rafael Gallo, a previous employee of Kaye at Costa Rica Expeditions, gathered four rafts and started
125-436: A delicacy because of its lower fiber content. Arecaceae was brought up in a 2003 article with regard to its long-winded harvesting process. It is mentioned that this palm reaches full maturation within 8–10 years and that the complete removal of the heart requires the ruination of the entire plant. While there are concerns about the negative impacts of harvesting palm hearts, further conservation efforts could be explored using
150-980: A delicacy. Major local names for heart of palm include palm cabbage or palmetto in Florida and Trinidad ; palmito in South and Central America; ubod in the Philippines ; củ hủ dừa in Vietnam ; cœur de palmier in French; corazón de palma or col de palma in Spanish; coração de palma or palmito in Portuguese; and cuore di palma in Italian. Swamp cabbage in Florida Hearts of palm are rich in fiber, potassium, iron, zinc, phosphorus, copper, vitamins B2 , B6 , and C . They are ranked as
175-466: A large scale, but currently not any longer due to overharvesting. A 2000 case study in the journal Biotropica proposed that Euterpe edulis could be sustainably grown and harvested. Today, commercially available palmito in South America is typically derived from wild Euterpe oleracea and cultivated Bactris gasipaes . Cultivation has also spread to South Asia , Africa , and other parts of
200-505: Is Finca La Cruz . This section is most commonly run in creeking style whitewater kayaks. This is the section of class III and IV whitewater that the Pacuare River is most known for. Flowing approximately 37 kilometres (23 mi) (and dropping approximately 370 metres (1,200 ft)) from Finca La Cruz to the town of Siquirres . The run can be done in a single day trip or as long as a three-day trip. The highlights of this section include
225-643: Is the Costa Rican government-run electricity and telecommunications services provider. Together with the Radiographic Costarricense SA (RACSA) and Compañía Nacional de Fuerza y Luz (CNFL), they form the ICE Group. ICE was founded on 8 April 1949 by Decree-Law No. 449, after the Costa Rican Civil War of 1948, in order to solve the problems of power shortages that occurred in Costa Rica in
250-422: Is the most widely used for canning. Peach palms are self- suckering and produce multiple stems , with up to 40 on one plant. This lets producers lower costs by harvesting several stems from a plant while avoiding the death of the palm. Another advantage is that the peach palm has been selectively bred to eliminate the thorns of its wild cousins. Since harvesting is still labor-intensive, palm hearts are regarded as
275-501: The coconut ( Cocos nucifera ), juçara ( Euterpe edulis ), açaí palm ( Euterpe oleracea ), palmetto ( Sabal spp.), and peach palm . Heart of palm may be eaten on its own, and often it is eaten in a salad . There are palm varieties that have become domesticated farm species as an alternative to sourcing from wild palms. The main variety that has been domesticated is Bactris gasipaes , known in English as peach palm . This variety
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#1732886682432300-488: The 1940s. Since 1963, ICE provides telecommunications services throughout the country. The attempts to reform ICE throughout a set of laws in the years 1999 and 2000 generated a great social mobilization , including the 2000 Costa Rican protests . The ruling party at that time, the Social Christian Unity Party , and the main opposition, National Liberation Party , agreed to change the institution. Meanwhile,
325-501: The Caribbean and other continents. As of 2008, Costa Rica was the primary source of fresh palm hearts in the U.S. Peach palms are also cultivated in Hawaii, and now have limited distribution on the mainland, primarily to the restaurant trade. Florida 's wild Sabal palmetto or cabbage palm was once a source of hearts of palm but is now protected by conservation law. When harvesting
350-616: The area are the orependula (oriel), king fisher, tiger and blue heron , hawks, osprey, king vulture , sunbittern and snowy egret . Most of the river corridor is first generation rain forest and has never been touched. Common trees of the area include the sabe tree, the national tree of Guatemala, as well as the red Indio desnudo ( naked Indian tree ). After Dos Montanas, the heart of palm , coconut palm and banana trees become very prominent. Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (English: Costa Rican Institute of Electricity ) ( ICE )
375-492: The area. The venomous ones include the coral snake , the bushmaster and fer-de-lance . The laura and sopy lota (long black snake that eats venomous snakes) are also common in the area. The blue morpho is the most popular butterfly of the area. The chestnut-mandibled toucan is most commonly seen when it is raining or foggy on the river. Parakeets can sometimes be seen after the Dos Montanas canyon. Other common birds of
400-609: The citizen opposition reached 274 protests in 14 days. Following the Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement , the telecommunication market was opened to private companies. Since 2011, América Móvil through Claro Americas and Telefónica through Movistar , are competing against ICE in the Costa Rican mobile market. In 2021, ICE Group generated an annual operating income of around $ 2.194 billion. This article about
425-466: The company Rios Tropicales. Aventuras Naturales joined the list of commercial rafting companies on the Pacuare River in the mid-1980s. 1986 saw Tico's River Adventures started in Turrialba , the closest city to the Pacuare River. In 1998 the nearby Reventazon River was dammed pushing more people and the local rafting companies to shift focus to primarily the Pacuare River. Large cats have been spotted near
450-417: The cultivated young palm, the tree is cut down, and the bark is removed, leaving layers of white fibers around the center core. During processing, the fibers are removed, leaving the center core or heart of palm. The center core is attached to a slightly more fibrous cylindrical base with a larger diameter. The entire cylindrical center core and the attached base are edible. The center core is considered more of
475-795: The dominant species used are juçara palms ( Euterpe edulis ), açaí palms ( Euterpe oleracea ), and pejibaye palms ( Bactris spp.). Other species used include sabal palmettos ( Sabal spp.), grugru palms ( Acrocomia aculeata ), royal palms ( Roystonea spp.), Astrocaryum spp., maripa palms ( Attalea maripa ), urucuri palms ( Attalea phalerata ), cohune palms ( Attalea cohune ), hesper palms ( Brahea spp.), and Syagrus spp., among others. In South America, Euterpe precatoria (in Peru and Bolivia), Euterpe edulis (in Brazil), and Prestoea acuminata (in Ecuador) were formerly harvested commercially on
500-587: The fresh product. Harvesting and eating heart of palm is traditional in the cultures of Southeast Asia and South and Central America , pre-dating the colonial era. The species used depend on the region. In Southeast Asia, the dominant source of hearts of palm are coconuts ( Cocos nucifera ). Other palms species used include rattans ( Calamus spp.), fishtail palms ( Caryota spp.), areca palm ( Areca catechu ), Linospadix spp., Arenga spp., sago palms ( Metroxylon sagu ), and buri palms ( Corypha spp.), among others. In Central and South America,
525-488: The river but as always these animals are elusive. A black panther was spotted approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the river in 1986. Jaguars have been spotted near the Haucas River Gorge. Anteaters are common as well as raccoons , river otters, iguanas , capuchin monkeys , and sloths . Howler monkeys are found on the lower sections after the Dos Montanas canyon. There are five common snakes found in
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#1732886682432550-500: The top the three commonly run sections are known as The Upper Upper , The Upper and The Lower . This run is approximately 16 miles (26 km) long and contains numerous class II through IV rapids. This section is commonly run due to the logistics necessary to reach the put-in. This section can be rafted and kayaked. This more technical section consists of approximately ten miles of whitewater including multiple class IV and V rapids as well as waterfalls. The take-out for this section
575-478: The whitewater rapids and the waterfalls that flow into the river in the Huacas River Gorge . The rapids include Upper and Lower Huacas (class IV), Double Drop (class III), Cimarones (class IV) as well as multiple giant falls known around the world. The first known river running of the Pacuare was done by a group of Polish kayakers traveling the length of Central America on their way to South America in
600-475: The winter of 1980/81. The first rafting expedition was in Feb 1981 and the party was composed of Nick Hershenow, Sharon Hester, Jerry Kaufman (all USA) and Rudy Koller (Canada). Sharon Hester and Nick Hershenow were rafting guides for Michael Kaye of CREAR. This expedition used a 3.7 metres (12 ft) Avon Redshank and Rudy mostly kayaked in a Holloform. The trip was divided into the "Upper and "Lower" sections starting at
625-492: The world, utilizing native palms like Ravenea madagascariensis , Phoenix canariensis , Lodoicea maldivica , and Borassus aethiopum , among others. Based on a 1987 article, peach palms were previously shown to have stretched out from Bolivia to Honduras as well as the Amazon River into Central America, however recent studies into their conservation have estimated that their geographical distribution actually extends into
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